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ABBASID CALIPHATE (AD 750-945) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Formed by changing the Umayyad dynasty to the Abbasids in the Arab Caliphate on the territory. modern Iraq. The capital is Baghdad. Conquered by the Buyid State
Алжир Andorra Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain France Gibraltar Georgia Египет Израиль India Иордания Ирак Iran Испания Йемен Казахстан Катар Киргизстан Cyprus Кувейт Ливан Ливия Марокко ОАЕ Оман Pakistan Португалия Россия (ЮФО) Саудовская Аравия Сирия Таджикистан Тунис Туркменистан Турция Узбекистан France
ABKHAZ KINGDOM (786-1008 AD) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of secession from the Byzantine Empire. Became part of the Georgian kingdom. Capital - Anakopia (New Athos), from 806 - Kutaisi
Georgia
ABKHAZ PRINCIPALITY (AD 1462–1555) State, feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the collapse of the Georgian kingdom. The capital is Sukhum. Fell into vassalage from the Ottoman Empire
Georgia
ABKHAZ PRINCIPALITY (osm.) (AD 1555–1810) State, feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the Abkhaz principality falling into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Sukhum. Became part of the Russian Empire
Georgia
ABKHAZIA (AD 1994–) Self-proclaimed, partially recognized state, republic (Republic of Abkhazia). Formed on parts of the territory. modern Georgia as a result of secession from Georgia. After the Russian-Georgian war in 2008, Russia recognized the independence of Abkhazia. Capital - Sukhum
Georgia
ACEH (AD 1496–1903) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia as a result of secession from the principality of Pasai. It became part of the Dutch East Indies. Capital: Banda Aceh
Indonesia
ACHEAAN PRINCIPALITY (AD 1205–1432) State, feudal, monarchical (until 1224 vassal of the Kingdom of Thessalonica). Originated on the territory modern Greece. It was formed by the crusaders as a result of the 4th crusade on part of the territory of the former Byzantine Empire, separated from the Kingdom of Thessaloniki. Capitals - Andravida (1205-1249), Mistra (1249-1262). Conquered by the Byzantine Empire
Greece
ACHEAAN UNION (280-146 BC) Federation of ancient Greek cities (polises). Formed on the territory modern Greece as a result of separation from Macedonia (Ancient). Disbanded, became part of the Roman Republic
Greece
ADAL (AD 1415-1577) State, monarchy (Sultanate of Adal). Formed on the territory. modern Somalia on the Harar plateau as a result of the Yifat Sultanate. Broken up. Capital - Saila
Somalia
ADEN (Port.) (AD 1516–1538},{1547–1548) Possession of Portugal. (Arose in the territory of Yemen as a result of the conquest Aden by Portugal. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire},{Conquered by Portugal. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire). Capital — Aden
Йемен
ADEN (UK) (AD 1839–1963) Possession of the United Kingdom (until 1937 — was part of British India, 1937 — crown colony). Formed on the territory of Yemen as a result of exclusion from the UK territory of Aden Lahej. Capital — Aden. Joined the Federation of South Arabia (UK)
Йемен
ADJURAN (AD 1250-1700) State, monarchy (Imamat Ajuran). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia as successor to the Sultanate of Mogadishu. It became part of the state of Geledi. Capital - Calaf
Somalia
ADRAR (AD 1740-1903) State, emirate. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritania as a traditional confederation of semi-nomadic peoples. Entered into Mauritania (Fr.)
Mauritania Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
AFGHANISTAN (AD 1823–) State (Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan; until 1926 - Emirate of Afghanistan, 1926-1973 - Kingdom of Afghanistan; 1973–2021 — Islamic Republic of Afghanistan). In 1879-1919 - British protectorate. Formed on the territory of Afghanistan as a result of conversion of the Durrani Empire in the Emirate of Afghanistan
Afghanistan
AHI (AD 1292-1398) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of secession from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate
Турция
AHMADNAGAR SULTANATE (AD 1490–1636) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Bahmani Sultanate. Capital - Ahmadnagar. Conquered by the Mughal Emperor
India
AIDIN (AD 1300–1390}, {1402–1425) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capital - Birgi, then Aydin, Smyrna
Турция
AKSUM (AD 100–940) State slave, monarchic (Himyarite Kingdom of Aksum). Arose in the territory of Ethiopia. Disintegrated. Capital — Aksum
Йемен South Sudan Sudan Ethiopia Djibouti Eritrea
ALANYA (AD 900–1240) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Russia. Educated by the Alans. The capital is Meuse. Conquered by the Mongols and incorporated into the Golden Horde
Россия, (ЮФО),
ALASIA (1900–1300 BC) State, slaveholding. It originated during the Minoan civilization on the territory. modern Cyprus. Conquered by the Hittites
Cyprus
ALBANIA (AD 1912–1914},{1920–1939},{1944–) capitalist state Republic of Albania; in 1912-1914 - the State of Albania, in 1928-1939 - the Kingdom of Albania, in 1946-1976 - the People's Republic of Albania, in 1976-1991 - the People's Socialist Republic of Albania). (It was formed on the territory of modern Albania as a result of separation from the Ottoman Empire. Occupied by Italy, Austria-Hungary and France}, {Independence was again proclaimed. Occupied by Italy and transformed into Albania (It.), occupied by Germany since 1943}, {Freed from occupation.) Capital - Tirana
Albania
ALBANIA (it.) (AD 1939–1943) Colony (protectorate) of Italy. Educated on the territory modern Albania as a result of the Italian occupation of Albania. Occupied by Germany. Capital - Tirana
Albania Macedonia Serbia Черногория
ALBARRASI EMIRATE (AD 1012-1104) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Albarracin. Conquered by the Almoravid State
Испания
ALEPPO (fr.) (AD 1920–1925) Mandate territory of the League of Nations administered by France (State of Aleppo). Formed on the territory of Syria (zone of British-French occupation). The capital is Aleppo. United with Damascus (FR.), forming a mandated territory of the League of Nations under the control of France Syria (FR.)
Турция Сирия
ALEXANDRETTE (fr.) (AD 1924–1938) French-administered League of Nations mandate (Alexandrette Sanjak). Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Separated from Aleppo (fr.). The capital is Antioch. Transformed into the independent state of Hatay
Турция
ALGERIA (AD 1962–) State, capitalist (People's Democratic Republic of Algiers). Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of the declaration of independence from France by Algeria (fr.). Capital - Algeria
Алжир
ALGERIA (fr.) (AD 1830–1962) Unification of French departments (Algiers, Constantine, Oran). Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of the conquest of Algeria (osm.), In 1848 it was included in France. In 1962, the independent Republic of Algeria was proclaimed
Алжир
ALGIR (Osm.) (AD 1711–1848) State, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of secession from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Algiers. Conquered by France - Algiers (fr.)
Алжир
ALMERIAN EMIRATE (AD 1012-1091) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Almeria. Conquered by the Almoravid State
Испания
ALPUENTSKY EMIRATE (AD 1012-1103) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Alpuente. Conquered by the Almoravid
Испания
AMATUS (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient). The legendary founder of the city is Kinyros, the father of Adonis and the founder of the cult of Aphrodite on the island, who named the city in honor of his late mother Amathus (Amatea)
Cyprus
AMERICAN OCCUPATION ZONE OF GERMANY (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of German territory occupied by the United States as a result of Germany's defeat in World War II. The Federal Republic of Germany was proclaimed on the territory of the British, French and American zones of occupation. The headquarters of the occupation troops is Frankfurt
Germany
AMERICAN SAMOA (AD 1900–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). Formed on the territory. modern American Samoa as a result of the annexation of the United States. Capital - Pago Pago
American Samoa
AMERICAN SECTOR OF THE OCCUPATION OF BERLIN (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of the territory of Berlin occupied by the United States as a result of the defeat of Germany in the 2nd World War. On the territory of the British, French and American sectors of occupation, a special political entity was created - West Berlin
Germany
AMERICAN ZONE OF THE OCCUPATION OF KOREA (AD 1945-1949) Formed on the territory of modern Republic of Korea. Part of Korean territory occupied by the United States as a result of Japan's defeat in World War II. The Republic of Korea was proclaimed on the territory of the zone. The headquarters of the occupation forces is Seoul.
Republic Of Korea
AMIS (630–183 BC) City-state, colony, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Turkey. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus.
Турция
AMMON (1350–732 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. It was located on the territory. modern Jordan. Educated by the Ammonites. The capital is Rabbat-Ammon. Conquered by Assyria
Иордания
ANDORRA (AD 1278–) State, capitalist (Principality of Andorra). Formed on the territory modern Andorra as a result of secession from France. The capital is Andorra la Vella
Andorra
ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN (AD 1899-1956) Joint possession of Great Britain and Egypt, condominium. Formed on the territory of modern Sudan as a result of the suppression of the Mahdist uprising in Egyptian Sudan (formally part of the Ottoman Empire) and its occupation by British-Egyptian troops. The independence of Sudan is proclaimed. Capital - Khartoum">
Sudan South Sudan
ANGOLA (AD 1975–) Capitalist state (Republic of Angola). Formed on the territory of modern Angola as a result of the declaration of independence of the possession of Angola (Port.). Capital - Luanda
Angola
ANGOLA (Port.) (AD 1575-1975) Possession of Portugal, until 1951 the name Portuguese West Africa was also used. Formed on the territory of modern Angola as a result of the conquest by Portugal of the territories of the states of the Kingdom of the Congo, Ndongo, Lunda. The independence of Angola is proclaimed. Capital - Luanda
Angola
ANGUILLA (Brit.) (AD 1980–) British possession, self-governing territory. Formed on the territory of modern Anguilla (Brit.) as a result of the withdrawal from the colony of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (Brit.). Capital - Valley
Anguilla (Brit.)
ANHALT (AD 1863–1871) State, monarchical (Duchy of Anhalt). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification of the duchies of Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Dessau. In 1863–1866 he was a member of the German Confederation, in 1867–1871 he was a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Dessau
Germany
ANHALT-BERNBURG (AD 1806–1863) State, monarchical (Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1803 as a result of the transformation of the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1863 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of the united Duchy of Anhalt. Capital - Bernburg
Germany
ANHALT-DESSAU (AD 1806-1863) State, monarchical (Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau, until 1807 - Principality of Anhalt-Dessau). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1863 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of the united Duchy of Anhalt. Capital - Dessau
Germany
ANHALT-KÖTHEN (AD 1806-1847) State, monarchical (Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen, until 1807 - Principality of Anhalt-Dessau). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the transformation of the Principality of Anhalt-Köthen. In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1847 - a member of the German Confederation. It became part of the Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau. Capital - Köthen
Germany
ANKOLE (AD 1478-1896) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Ankole). Formed on the territory of modern Ugandan Bantu peoples. After the establishment of the British protectorate, it became part of Uganda (Britain). Capital - Mbarara
Uganda
ANNAM (Fr.) (AD 1884-1887) Possession of France, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam as a result of France's establishment of a protectorate over the Vietnamese Nguyen dynasty. It became part of French Indochina. Capital - Hue
Vietnam
ANTIGUA (Brit.) (AD 1632-1671) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Antigua and Barbuda as a result of the British conquest of Antigua. It became part of the British Leeward Islands colony. Capital - Saint Johns
Antigua and Barbuda Монтсеррат (Брит.)
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA (AD 1981–) State capitalistic. Formed on the territory of modern Antigua and Barbuda. as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Antigua and Barbuda (Brit.). Capital - Saint Johns
Antigua and Barbuda
ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA (Brit.) (AD 1962-1981) Possession of Great Britain (since 1967 - a state associated with Great Britain). Formed on the territory of modern Antigua and Barbuda as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.), which included the islands of Antigua and Barbuda. The independent state of Antigua and Barbuda is proclaimed. Capital - Saint Johns
Antigua and Barbuda
ANTIGUA, BARBUDA AND MONTSERRAT (Brit.) (AD 1816-1833) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Antigua and Barbuda, Montserrat (Brit.) as a result of the partition of the British Leeward Islands colony. Entered into the restored British Leeward Isles. Capital - Saint Johns
Antigua and Barbuda Montserrat (Brit.)
APOLLONIA OF ILLYRIAN (588–148 BC) City-state, slaveholding, oligarchic republic, Greek colony. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Albania. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Albania
APOLLONIA PONTIAN (610–71 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical, Greek colony. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Bulgaria. conquered by the Roman Republic. Currently - the city of Sozopol
Bulgaria
APULIA AND CALABRIA (AD 1042–1130) State, feudal, monarchical (Duchy of Apulia and Calabria). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the Byzantine Empire. The capital is Salerno. As a result of the unification of the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria and the County of Sicily, the Kingdom of Apulia and Sicily was formed
Italy
ARAB CALIFATE (AD 632-750) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Saudi Arabia. Formed by Muhammad through the unification of Arab tribes. The capital is Damascus (since 661). Transformed into the Abbasid Caliphate by changing the Umayyad dynasty to the Abbasids
Azerbaijan Armenia Алжир Andorra Afghanistan Bahrain France Gibraltar Georgia Greece Египет Израиль India Иордания Ирак Iran Испания Йемен Казахстан Cyprus Киргизстан Ливан Ливия Марокко ОАЕ Оман Pakistan Португалия Россия, (ЮФО), Саудовская Аравия Сирия Таджикистан Тунис Туркменистан Турция Узбекистан
ARAGON (AD 1035–1516) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Aragon). Originated on the territory modern Spain, as a result of separation from the Kingdom of Navarre, united with Castile and Leon, forming Spain. The capital is Zaragoza
France Испания Italy Монако
ARAM (1100–732 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Syria. Created by the Arameans. The capital is Damascus. Conquered by Assyria
Острова Мидуэй (США)
Archbishopric of Riga (AD 1201–1561) A feudal, theocratic state subordinate to the Pope of Rome (until 1255 it was the Bishopric of Riga, from 1207 it was part of the Principality of Terra Mariana, from 1435 it was part of the Livonian Confederation (part of the Holy Roman Empire)). Educated on the territory modern Latvia as a result of the renaming of the Livonian bishopric. The capital is Riga. Conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Latvia
ARCHDUchy OF AUSTRIA (AD 1156–1251}, {1278–1526) State, feudal, monarchical (until 1453 - Duchy of Austria). (It originated on the territory of modern Austria as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Conquered by the Czech Republic}, {Restored independence. Became part of the Habsburg Empire (as an integral part of the Habsburg Empire, the Austrian Empire and Austria -Hungary existed until 1918. The capital is Vienna
Austria Italy Словакия Словения Croatia
ARENBERG (AD 1806–1810) State, monarchical (Duchy of Arenberg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1645 as a result of the transformation of the Principality of Arenberg). Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. Annexed to France (in 1814 divided between Hanover and Prussia). Capital - Aremberg
Germany
ARGENTINA (AD 1861–) State, capitalistic, republic (Argentine Republic). Formed on the territory of modern Argentina as a result of the renaming of the Argentine Confederation to Argentina. Capital - Buenos Aires
Argentina
ARGENTINE CONFEDERATION (AD 1831-1861) State. It was formed as a result of renaming the United Provinces of South America into the Argentine Confederation. Capital - Buenos Aires (1831-1853), Parana (1853-1861)
Argentina
ARGOS (1100–338 BC},{280–229 BC},{147–146 BC) City-state. (It originated on the territory of modern Greece after the capture of the Peloponnese by the Dorians. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Seceded from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Achaean Union}, {Left the Achaean Union. Became part of the Roman Republic )
Greece
ARIANITI (AD 1432–1444) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Arianiti). Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of secession from Muzaki. Became part of the Lega League. Capital - Berat
Albania
ARMENIA (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Armenia). Originated on the territory modern Armenia as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Yerevan
Armenia
ARUBA (Dutch) (AD 1986–) Possession of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of modern Aruba (Dutch) as a result of the withdrawal from the Netherlands Antilles. Capital - Oranjestad
Aruba (Dutch)
ARVAD (1500–564 BC) Phoenician slave city-state. Was on the territory. modern Syria. Created by the Phoenicians. Conquered by Babylonia
Сирия
ASCHAFENBURG (AD 1806–1810) State, monarchical (Principality of Aschaffenburg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire. Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. It became part of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt. The capital is Aschaffenburg
Germany
ASHANTI (AD 1701-1902) State, early feudal, absolute monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Ghana as a military alliance of the Ashanti people. Conquered by Great Britain, became a part of the Gold Coast colony (British). Capital - Kumasi
Ghana Côte d'Ivoire
ASIR (AD 1910–1934) State, feudal, theocratic, Muslim (Emirate of Asir). Charged on the territory. modern Saudi Arabia as a result of secession from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Es Sabya. Divided between Saudi Arabia and Yemen
Йемен Саудовская Аравия
ASSHUR (1970–1758 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Born on the territory modern Iraq. conquered by Babylon. Since 1400 BC - the capital of Assyria
Ирак
ASSYRIA (1400–605 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Iraq. Separated from Mitanni. The capital is Ashur. Destroyed by a coalition of Babylonia and Media
Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Cyprus Ливан Сирия Турция
ASTI (AD 1140–1372) State, feudal, monarchical. (County of Asti). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Asti. Became part of France
Italy
ASTRAKHAN KHANATE (AD 1460–1556) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Russia in the process of disintegration of the Golden Horde into a number of independent states. Attached to the Russian kingdom. The capital is Hadji Tarkhan
Россия, (ЮФО)
ASTURIA (AD 718–924) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Asturias). Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of secession from the Arab Caliphate. The capital is Oviedo. Renamed Kingdom of Leon
Испания Португалия
ATABEKSTVO AZERBAIJAN (AD 1145–1225) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Iran as a result of separation from the Seljuk state. Conquered by the State of Khorezmshahs. The capitals are Nakhichevan, Tabriz, Ardabil and Hamadan
Azerbaijan Armenia Iran
ATHENS (1050-338 BC}, {280-146 BC) State, slave-owning, aristocratic republic (from 477 BC after the creation of the 1st Athenian Sea Soz, it actually turned into a state). (It originated on the territory of modern Greece after the capture of the Peloponnese by the Dorians. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Seceded from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Roman Republic)
Greece Cyprus
ATROPATENA (328 BC - AD 224) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Iran as a result of separation from the Empire of Alexander the Great. Capitals - Ganzak, Shiz. Became part of the Persian Sassanid Empire
Azerbaijan Iran
ÂU LẠC (258–207 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchy. Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as a result of the conquest of the Văn Lang state by the Auviet mountain tribes. Conquered by the state of Nanyue. Capital - Cổ Loa
Vietnam
AUSTRALIA (AD 1901–) Capitalist State (Commonwealth of Australia). Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of the unification of the British colonies and the creation of a dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia independent of Great Britain. Capital - Canberra
Австралия Papua New Guinea
AUSTRIA (AD 1918–1938},{1945–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Austria). (It originated on the territory of modern Austria as a result of the collapse of Austria-Hungary. Attached to Germany (Anschluss), {Liberated by the Soviet troops and independence restored). Capital - Vienna
Austria Italy
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY (AD 1867–1918) State, monarchical (Austro-Hungarian Empire). Originated on the territory modern Austria as a result of the renaming of the Austrian Empire. The capital is Vienna. Disintegrated (Several new states arose on the territory of the former empire - Czechoslovakia, Poland, the Republic of Austria, Hungary; the remaining regions became part of Romania, Yugoslavia and Italy.)
Austria Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Czech Republic Hungary Italy Poland Россия
Россия (СЗФО) Румыния Serbia Словакия Словения Ukraine Черногория
AUSTRIAN EMPIRE (AD 1804–1867) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Austria as a result of the renaming of the Habsburg Empire. The capital is Vienna. Changed to Austria-Hungary.
Austria Czech Republic Germany Hungary Croatia Italy Poland Румыния Serbia Словакия Словения Ukraine Черногория
AUSTRIAN NETHERLANDS (AD 1713–1794) State, monarchical. possession of the Austrian Empire. Formed on the territory modern Belgium as a result of the transfer of power in the Spanish Netherlands to the Austrian Habsburgs. The capital is Brussels. Annexed to France
Belgium Germany Люксембург Нидерланды
AVA (AD 1365-1555) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Myanmar by the fugitive rulers of the state of Sikain. It became part of the kingdom of Taungoo. Capital - Ava
Myanmar
AVAR KAGANATE (AD 562–623}, {658–796) State, feudal. (It originated on the territory of modern Hungary as a result of the settlement of part of the territory of the Byzantine Empire by the nomadic tribes of the Avars}, {Conquered by the Principality of Samo. Restored as a result of the victory of the Avars over the Principality of Samo. Destroyed by the Frankish State)
Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Czech Republic Hungary Румыния Serbia Словакия Словения Ukraine
AVAR KHANATE (AD 1100–1240) State, feudal theocratic, Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Russia. Educated by the Avars. Conquered by the Mongols and incorporated into the Golden Horde. The capital is Khunzakh
Россия Россия (ЮФО)
AWSAN (750–650 BC) State, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of Yemen. Сonquered by Saba. Capital — Aden
Йемен
AYUTTHAYA (AD 1351–1767) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Ayutthaya). Formed on the territory modern Thailand as a result of secession from Cambujadesh. Destroyed by the kingdom of Thonburi. The capital is Ayutthaya
Laos Myanmar Thailand
AYYUBID STATE (AD 1171–1250) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Egypt as a result of a coup d'état in the Fatimid Caliphate. The capital is Cairo. As a result of the coup d'état, it was transformed into the Mamluk State
Алжир
Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Йемен Ливан Ливия Саудовская Аравия Сирия Турция
AZERBAIJAN (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Azerbaijan). Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Baku
Azerbaijan
AZERBAIJAN SSR (AD 1920–1922, March) State, socialist (Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic). Educated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of the establishment of Soviet power in the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. The capital is Baku. Became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR
Azerbaijan
AZERBAIJANIAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC (AD 1918–1920) Capitalist state. Educated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. The capital is Baku. After the entry of Soviet troops and the proclamation of Soviet power, it was transformed into the Azerbaijan SSR
Azerbaijan
AZTEC EMPIRE (AD 1325-1522) State, slave, monarchical. It was born on the territory of Mexico, through the merger of the Aztec tribes. The capital - Tenochtitlan. It conquered Spain in 1521, became part of New Spain
Мексика

B

Историческая справка

Страна
BABYLONIA (1894–729 BC}, {626–538 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Iraq. (Formed as a result of separation from the state of Isin. Capital - Babylon. Conquered by Assyria}, {separated from Assyria. Included in the Persian Achaemenid Empire by Cyrus II). Most prominent rulers: Hammurabi [1792–1750 BC]; Nebuchadnezzar II[604–562 BC]
Bahrain Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Кувейт Ливан Саудовская Аравия Сирия Турция
BACK (600–218 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
BADAHOS EMIRATE (AD 1022-1094) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Badajoz. Conquered by the Almoravid State
Испания Португалия
BADEN (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy of Baden). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the transformation of the Electorate of Baden. In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Karlsruhe
Germany
BAEKJE (18 BC–AD 660) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Republic of Korea as a result of the unification of tribal unions. Conquered by the State of Silla. Capitals - Palson
Republic Of Korea
BAGHDAD CALIPHATE (AD 1157–1258) State, feudal theocratic Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Iraq as a result of the collapse of the Seljuk state and the restoration of the rule of the Abbasid dynasty. The capital is Baghdad. Conquered by the Hulaguid State
Ирак Iran
BAGIRMI (AD 1522-1900) State, feudal, sultanate. Born on the territory of modern Chad as a state of the people bilala. It became part of Chad (Fr.). Capital - Masenya
Chad Cameroon
BAHMANI SULTANATE (AD 1347–1527) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Delhi Sultanate. Capitals - Gulbarga (1347–1425), Bidar (1425–1527). Split into Deccan sultanates
India
BAHRAIN (AD 1783–1820}, {1971–) State, monarchical (since 2002 - the Kingdom of Bahrain). (It originated on the territory of modern Bahrain as a result of separation from Persia. In 1801–1813 - a vassal of the Diri emirate. Capital is Manama
Bahrain
BAHRAIN (Brit.) (AD 1820–1971) Monarchic state under British protectorate. Charged on the territory. modern Bahrain as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over Bahrain. The capital is Manama. On August 15, 1971, the independent Emirate of Bahrain was proclaimed
Bahrain
BAHRAIN (port.) (AD 1521–1602) Possession of Portugal. Educated on the territory modern Bahrain as a result of the Portuguese conquest of the Bahrain Islands. Conquered by the Persian Safavid Empire
Bahrain
BAKER ISLAND (Brit.) (AD 1886-1935) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Baker Island (USA) as a result of the annexation of the island from the USA by Great Britain. Transferred to the USA
Baker Island (USA)
BAKER ISLAND (USA) (AD 1857–1886}, {1935–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). (Formed on the territory of modern Baker Island (USA) as a result of the annexation of the island by the USA. Annexed by Great Britain}, {Returned to the USA)
Baker Island (USA)
BAKU KHANATE (AD 1747–1806) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Baku
Azerbaijan
BANGLADESH (AD 1971–) State, capitalist, republic (People's Republic of Bangladesh). Formed on the territory of modern Bangladesh as a result of separation from Pakistan. Capital - Dhaka
Bangladesh Pakistan
BARBADOS (AD 1966–) State, capitalistic, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Barbados as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Barbados (Brit.). Capital - Bridgetown
Barbados
BARBADOS (Brit.) (AD 1663-1833}, {1885-1958}, {1962-1966) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Barbados as a result of the conquest of the island of Barbados by Great Britain. Joined the British Windward islands colony}, {Abandoned the British Windward islands colony. Joined the West Indies Federation (Brit.)}, {Abandoned the West Indies Federation (Brit.). The independent state of Barbados is proclaimed). Capital - Bridgetown
Barbados
BARCELONA (AD 988–1152) State, feudal, monarchical (County of Barcelona). Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of secession from France. The capital is Barcelona. Became part of Aragon
France Germany Испания Монако
BASUTOLAND (Brit.) (AD 1868-1871}, {1884-1966) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate (from 1884 - colony). (Formed on the territory of modern Lesotho as a result of Great Britain establishing a protectorate over the Basuto lands. Annexed to the Cape Colony (Brit>)}, {Restored as a British colony. Lesotho's independence proclaimed). Capital - Maseru
Lesotho
BATAV REPUBLIC (AD 1795–1806) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Netherlands as a result of the Napoleonic Wars and the transformation of the Republic of the United Provinces. Changed to Kingdom of Holland. Capital - The Hague
Нидерланды
BAWANDI STATE (AD 665–715) State, feudal Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Persian Sassanid Empire. The capitals are Sari, Amul. Conquered by the Hulaguid State
Iran
BECHUANALAND (Brit.) (AD 1885-1966) Possession of Great Britain, colony and protectorate. Formed on the territory. modern Botswana as a result of the British conquest of the lands of the Tswana people. The independent state of Botswana was proclaimed (in 1910, part of the property (colony) became part of the Union of South Africa). Capital - Mafikeng (1885-1965), Gaborone (1965-1966)
Ботсвана RSA
BELARUS (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Belarus). Originated on the territory modern Belarus as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Minsk
Belarus
BELIZE (AD 1981-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Belize). Formed on the territory of Belize as a result of the proclamation of independence from Britain British Honduras. Capital - Belmopan
Белиз
BENCOOLEN (Brit.) (AD 1685–1824) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia as a result of the acquisition by the British East India Company from local rulers as a trading post. It became part of the Dutch East Indies. Capital: Benculen
Indonesia
BENDER-ABBAS (port.) (AD 1506–1615) Possession of Portugal. It was formed as a result of the conquest by Portugal of part of the territory of the Ak-Koyunlu State. Conquered by the Persian Safavid Empire
Iran
BENEVENTO (AD 774–1081) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Benevento). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the Lombard Kingdom. Annexed to the Papal States. Capital - Benevento
Italy
BENGAL SULTANATE (AD 1352–1576) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Delhi Sultanate. Capitals - Gaur, Pandua, Sonargaon. Conquered by the Mughal Emperor
Bangladesh India Bangladesh Myanmar
BENIN (AD 1975–) Capitalist state (Republic of Benin). Formed on the territory of modern Benin as a result of the renaming of Dahomey. Capital - Porto-Novo
Benin
BERAR SULTANATE (AD 1490–1574) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Bahmani Sultanate. Capital - Ellichpur. Conquered by Ahmadnagar Sultanate
India
BERBICE (Dutch) (AD 1627–1814) The colony of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of Guyana as a result of the base by the river settlement Berbice Dutch West India Company. Transferred to Great Britain. Capitals - Fort Nassau (1627–1785)Fort Sint Andries (1785–1814)
Guyana
BERBIS (Brit.) (AD 1814-1831) Colony of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Guyana as a result of the transfer of the colony of Berbice (Dutch) To Great Britain. Merged with Demerara-Essequibo (Brit.), forming the colony of Guiana (Brit.)
Guyana
BERG (AD 1806–1813) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy of Berg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the annexation of the Duchy of Cleves to the Duchy of Berg. Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. Became part of Prussia. The capital is Düsseldorf
Germany
BERMUDA (Brit.) (AD 1612–) British possession, overseas territory. Formed on the territory of modern Bermuda (Brit.) as a result of the British conquest. Capital - Hamilton
Bermuda (Brit.)
BERNITIA (AD 547–616) State, feudal, monarchical. Founded by the Angles on the territory. modern Great Britain (South East Scotland and North East England). The capital is not defined. Merged with Deira to form Northumbria
Great Britain
BHUTAN (AD 1907–) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Bhutan). Formed on the territory of modern Bhutan as a result of the unification of the country by the Wangchuk Dynasty; in 1907-1947 - actually under the protectorate of Great Britain, 1947-1971 - India. Capitals - Thimphu (from 1955), Punakha (until 1955)
Bhutan
BIBL (2025–564 BC) Phoenician slave city-state. Was on the territory. modern Lebanon. Created by the Phoenicians. Conquered by Babylonia
Ливан
BIDAR SULTANATE (AD 1527–1619) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the conversion of Bahmani Sultanate. Capital - Bidar. Conquered by Bijapur Sultanate
India
BIJAPUR SULTANATE (AD 1490–1686) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Bahmani Sultanate. Capital - Bijapur. Conquered by the Mughal Emperor
India
BIRMA (AD 1948-1989) State, republic (Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma; until 1962 - Union of Burma). Formed on the territory of modern Myanmar as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in Burma (Brit). Renamed to Myanmar. Capital - Rangoon (since 1989 it became known as Yangon)
Myanmar
BIRMA (Brit.) (AD 1937-1942}, {1945-1948) Possession of Great Britain. (Formed on the territory of modern Myanmar as a result of separation from British India. Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation. Independence from Great Britain was proclaimed and an independent state of the Union of Burma was formed). The capital is Rangoon
Myanmar
Bishopric of Courland (AD 1234–1562) State, feudal, theocratic (as part of the Principality of Terra Mariana, in 1435–1561 as part of the Livonian Confederation (as part of the Holy Roman Empire)). Educated on the territory modern Estonia as a result of separation from the Order of the Sword. The capital is Pilten. Transferred to the possession of Denmark
Latvia Estonia
Bishopric of Liege (AD 980–1795) State, theocratic. Originated on the territory modern Belgium within the Holy Roman Empire. Attached to France. The capital is Liege
Belgium Нидерланды
BITHINIA (297–74 BC) Hellenistic slaveholding, monarchical state. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great on the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Nicomedia. It became part of the Roman Republic
Турция
BOEOTIAN UNION (600–457 BC}, {447–394 BC}, {375–338 BC}, {280–245 BC} , {224–146 BC) Federation of ancient Greek cities (polises). (It was formed as an association of 14 cities on the territory of modern Greece (Thebes, Orchomenus, Thespia, etc.). Conquered by Athens}, {Separated from Athens. Broken into separate city-states}, {Recreated. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Withdrew from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Aetolian Union}, {Withdrew from the Aetolian Union. Dissolved, became part of the Roman Republic). Capital of Thebes
Greece
BOLIVIA (AD 1825–) State, capitalist, republic (Plurinational State of Bolivia). Formed on the territory of modern Bolivia as a result of the withdrawal from United Provinces of South America. Capital - Sucre (official), La Paz (actual)
Bolivia
BONAPARTE ISLAND (Fr.) (AD 1801-1810) Possession of France. Formed on the territory of modern Reunion (Fr.) as a result of the renaming of Reunn (Fr.) to Bonaparte Island (Fr.). Renamed Bourbon Island (Fr.). Capital - Saint-Denis
Reunion (Fr.)
BOSNIA (AD 1377–1463) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of secession from Hungary. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. Capital - Visoko
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Serbia Словения Черногория
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (AD 1991–) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory modern Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of secession from Yugoslavia. Capital - Sarajevo
Bosnia and Herzegovina
BOSPORUS KINGDOM (480-108 BC}, {63 BC - AD 370) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the unification of the Greek city-states on the Kerch and Taman Peninsulas. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus} , {Regained independence. destroyed by the Huns). Capital - Panticapaeum
Россия, (ЮФО), Ukraine
BOTSWANA (AD 1966–) State, capitalist (Republic of Botswana). Formed on the territory of modern Botswana as a result of the declaration of independence of Bechuanaland (Brit.). Capital - Gaborone
Ботсвана
BRAKNA (AD 1600-1903) State, emirate. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritania as a traditional confederation of semi-nomadic peoples. Entered into Mauritania (Fr.)
Mauritania
BRANKOVICH REGION (AD 1371–1402) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Serbia as a result of the collapse of the Serbian kingdom. It became part of the Serbian despotism. Capital - Pristina
Albania Macedonia Serbia Черногория
BRAUNSCHWEIG (AD 1815–1871) State, monarchical (Duchy of Brunswick). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of secession from Hanover. Member of the German Union. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Braunschweig
Germany
BRAZIL (AD 1822–) State, capitalistic, republic (Federative Republic of Brazil; before 1889 - Brazilian Empire, 1889–1967 - United States of Brazil). Formed on the territory. modern Brazil as a result of the liquidation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarve and the proclamation of Brazilian independence. Capital - Brasilia (from 1960), Rio de Janeiro (until 1960)
Brazil Colombina Uruguay
BRAZIL (Dutch) (AD 1630-1654) A colony of the Netherlands. Founded on the territory of Brazil, as a result of the occupation of the Dutch West India Company northeastern Brazil (Port.). Reconquer Brazil (Port.). Capital - Mauritsstad
Brazil
BRAZIL (Port.) (AD 1530-1815) A colony of Portugal (Colonial Brazil). Founded on the territory of Brazil, as a result of the development opened in 1500 Pedro Cabral lands and the founding of the first settlement of San Vicente in the coastal part of the modern State of Sao Paulo. It became part of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarve. Capitals - Salvador (1549-1763), Rio de Janeiro (1763-1815)
Brazil
BREMEN (AD 1806–1807},{1814–1871) City-state (Free and Hanseatic city of Bremen). (It was formed on the territory of modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (it was formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1715). Attached to France}, {Recreated. Became part of united Germany). In 1815-1866 he was a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 he was a member of the North German Confederation. Capital - Bremen
Germany
BREMEN-VERDEN (Swedish) (AD 1648–1715) State, monarchical (Duchy of Bremen and Principality of Verden). possession of Sweden. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the Danish-Swedish wars and separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Stade. Became part of the Holy Roman Empire
Germany
BRITISH AMERICA (AD 1607-1783) Territories of Britain (up to 1707 - England, the official name of British America and the British West Indies). Formed on the territory of USA as a result of the settlement of Jamestown foundation laid the foundation of the first English colony in North America Virginia. After independence USA converted to British North America. Capital - London
США Канада Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Fr.)
BRITISH CENTRAL AFRICAN PROTECTORATE (AD 1893-1907) British owned by the British South African Company. Formed on the territory of modern Malawi as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over Marawi. Renamed to Nyasaland (Brit.). Capital - Zomba
Malawi
BRITISH EAST AFRICA(AD 1895-1920) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Kenya as a result of the transfer of Kenya from the Imperial British East African Company of Great Britain. Renamed Kenya (Brit.). Capital - Mombasa (until 1907), Nairobi (from 1907
Kenya Somalia Tanzania
BRITISH HONDURAS (AD 1840-1981) Ownership of the UK (since 1862 - a crown colony). It was born on the territory of Belize as a result of the transition of the English settlements under the authority of the United Kingdom and separation from Guatemala. Capitals - Belize (until 1971), Belmopan (1971). September 21, 1981 proclaimed independent state Belize
Белиз
BRITISH INDIA (AD 1858-1947) Possession UK. Formed on the territory of India as a result of the liquidation of the British East India Company and the transfer of power directly to the UK. Capitals - Calcutta (1858-1911), New Delhi (1911-1947). As a result of the declaration of independence formed state in India, Pakistan and Burma
Bangladesh India Pakistan
BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY (AD 1965–) British possession (overseas territory). Formed on the territory. modern British Indian Ocean Territory as a result of the separation, in fact, of the British occupation of the islands from Mauritius (Chagos archipelago) and Seychelles (Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches islands) into a separate overseas territory; the only residents are British and American military personnel. Capital - Diego Garcia
British Indian Ocean Territory
BRITISH LEEWARD ISLANDS (AD 1671-1816}, {1833-1960) Possession of Great Britain, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Anguilla (Brit.), Montserrat (Brit.), Virgin Islands (Brit.) as a result of the unification of British possessions on the islands of Antigua, Barbuda, Montserrat, Saint Christopher, Nevis, Anguilla and Dominica Divided into the colonies of Antigua, Barbuda and Montserrat (UK) and Saint Christopher, Nevis, Anguilla and the Virgin Islands (Brit.)}, {Recreated. Joined the West Indies Federation ( Brit.)). Capital - Saint Johns
Anguilla (Brit.) Antigua and Barbuda Virgin Islands (Brit.) Dominica Montserrat (Brit.) Saint Kitts and Nevis
BRITISH MILITARY ADMINISTRATION (Borneo) (AD 1945-1946) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of the liberation of Sarawak (Brit.), North Borneo (UK) and Labuan (UK) from Japanese occupation. The colonies of Sarawak (UK) and North Borneo (Brit.) were formed. Capital - Victoria
Malaysia
BRITISH MILITARY ADMINISTRATION (Malaya) (AD 1945-1946) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory. modern Malaysia as a result of the liberation of the British Malay protectorates and colonies from Japanese occupation. Converted to Union of Malay (UK). Capital - Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia
BRITISH NORTH AMERICA (AD 1783-1907) British possession. Formed on the territory of Canada as a result of the transformation of British America. Originally included a colony of Quebec, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, Rupert's Land. Ceased to exist, divided into Canada and Newfoundland. Capital - London
Канада
BRITISH OCCUPATION ZONE OF GERMANY (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of German territory occupied by Great Britain as a result of Germany's defeat in World War II. The Federal Republic of Germany was proclaimed on the territory of the British, French and American zones of occupation. The headquarters of the occupation troops is Bad Oeynhausen
Germany
BRITISH SECTOR OF THE OCCUPATION OF BERLIN (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of the territory of Berlin occupied by Great Britain as a result of the defeat of Germany in the 2nd World War. On the territory of the British, French and American sectors of occupation, a special political entity was created - West Berlin
Germany
BRITISH WINDWARD ISLANDS (AD 1833-1958) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago as a result of the unification of British possessions on the islands of Barbados, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and Tobago. Joined the West Indies Federation (Brit.)). Capital - Bridgetown (1871-1885), St. George's (1885-1958)
Barbados Dominica Grenada Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago
BRITTANY (AD 845-1491) State, feudal, monarchical (Duchy of Brittany, in 851-913 - kingdom). Educated on the territory modern France as a result of separation from the West Frankish kingdom, in 913 the Normans came to power. The capital is Rennes. Became part of France
France Great Britain
BRUNEI (AD 1984–) State, monarchy (State of Brunei Darussalam). Formed on the territory of modern Brunei. as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain Brunei (brit.). Capital - Bandar Seri Begawan
Brunei
BRUNEI (Brit.) (AD 1888-1941}, {1945-1946}, {1946-1984) (Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Brunei as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the Brunei Empire. Occupied by Japan}, { Released from occupation and transferred under the control of the British Military Administration (Borneo)}, {Restored the protectorate of Brunei (Brit.). Declared independence from Great Britain). Capital - Bandar Seri Begawan (until 1970 - it was called Brunei)
Brunei
BRUNEI EMPIRE (AD 1368–1888) State, feudal, monarchical (in 1368–1425 - vassal of Majapahit). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia, as a result of the establishment of the British protectorate, Sarawak (Brit.), North Borneo (Brit.) and Brunei (Brit.) were formed. Capital: Kota Batu, Kampung Ayer, Brunei
Malaysia Indonesia Philippines
BRYCHEINOOG (AD 450–1091) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Brycheiniog). Founded by Irish settlers on the territory. modern Great Britain (in Wales). The capital is Talgart. Conquered by England
Great Britain France
BUGANDA (AD 1300-1890) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Buganda). Formed on the territory of modern Uganda Bantu peoples. Established a protectorate of the Imperial British East African Company. Capital - Mengo
Uganda
BUID STATE (AD 934-1055) State, feudal theocratic Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of secession from the Abbasid Caliphate. The capital is Shiraz. Conquered by the Seljuk state
Ирак Iran Кувейт
BUILT (132 BC–70 BC}, {65– AD 244) State, slaveholding, Arab. (It originated on the territory of modern Turkey. Separated from the Seleucid state. Conquered by Great Armenia}, {Withdrawn from Great Armenia. Conquered by the Persian Sassanid Empire. Capital - Edessa.)
Ирак Сирия Турция
BUKHARA EMIRATE (AD 1785–1868}, {1917–1920) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of the transformation of the Bukhara Khanate. The establishment of the Russian protectorate - the Emirate of Bukhara (Russian)}, {Liberation from the Russian protectorate. Transformed into the Bukhara People's Soviet Republic). Capital - Bukhara
Киргизстан Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
BUKHARA KHANATE (AD 1500–1740}, {1747–1785) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of the collapse of the Timurid Empire and the conquest of Central Asia by the Sheibanids. It was captured by the Presid power of Nadir Shah and the Persian protectorate was established - the Bukhara Khanate (pers.)}, {Liberation from the Persian protectorate. Transformed into the Bukhara emirate)
Afghanistan Iran Казахстан Киргизстан Pakistan Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
BUKHARA KHANATE (pers.) (AD 1740–1747) State, feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Presid state of Nadir Shah. It arose on the territory. modern Uzbekistan as a result of the conquests of the Presidential power of Nadir Shah and the loss of independence of the Bukhara Khanate. The capital is Bukhara. Returned independence
Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
BUKHARA NSR (AD 1920–1924) State, socialist (Bukharan People's Soviet Republic). Educated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of Soviet power in the Emirate of Bukhara. The capital is Bukhara. Became part of the USSR
Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
BULGARIA (AD 1908–) State, capitalist, republic (until 1946 — monarchy) (Republic of Bulgaria; in 1946–1990 — People's Republic of Bulgaria). Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria as a result of secession from the Ottoman Empire (since 1879 - a principality with broad autonomy within the Ottoman Empire). Capital - Sofia
Bulgaria Greece Macedonia Serbia
BUNYORO-KITARA (AD 1400-1896) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara). Formed on the territory. modern Uganda Bantu peoples. After the establishment of the British protectorate, it became part of Uganda (Britain). Capital - Hoima
Uganda
BURGUNDY DUchy (AD 1363-1477) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern France as a result of secession from France. The capital is Dijon. Divided between France and the Holy Roman Empire
Andorra Belgium France Люксембург Нидерланды Switzerland
BURKINA-FASO (AD 1984–) Capitalist state. Formed on the territory of modern Burkina Faso as a result of the renaming of Upper Volta. Capital - Ouagadougou
Burkina Faso
BURMESE KINGDOM (AD 1752–1852) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Myanmar as a result of the accession of the Konbaun dynasty in the state of Taungoo. Conquered by the British East India Company. Capital - Shuebo
Myanmar Thailand
BURUNDI (AD 1962–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Burundi). Formed on the territory of modern Burundi as a result of the declaration of independence of the possession of Ruanda-Urundi (Belg.) and its division into the states of Rwanda and Burundi. Capital - Bujumbura (until 2019), Gitega (from 2019)
Burundi
BYZANTINE EMPIRE (AD 476–1204}, {AD 1261–1453) State, slaveholding, monarchical. (It appeared as a result of the renaming of the Eastern Roman Empire on the territory of modern Turkey. The capital is Constantinople. It was renamed the Byzantine Empire simultaneously with the fall of the Western Roman Empire. After the crusaders conquered the capital and part of the territory and created the Latin Empire, the Nicaean Empire became the legal successor in the remaining territory} {After the liquidation of the Latin Empire, the capital Constantinople and the name of the Byzantine Empire were returned. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire)
Albania Austria Алжир Armenia Bulgaria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia France Greece Ватикан Hungary Gibraltar Georgia Египет Иордания Израиль Ирак Испания Italy Cyprus Ливан Ливия Macedonia Мальта Марокко Португалия Румыния Саудовская Аравия Serbia Сирия Словения Тунис Турция Ukraine Черногория Switzerland
BYZANTIUM (660–74 BC) City-state. Created by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Turkey. Became part of the Roman Empire. Subsequently, it was the capital of the Roman Empire (from AD 330 - Constantinople); Byzantium (from the beginning of the 4th century - Constantinople), the Ottoman Empire (from AD 1453 - Istanbul), Turkey - (from AD 1918 - AD 1923). Istanbul is currently the largest city in Turkey
Турция

C

Историческая справка

Страна
CABO VERDE (AD 2013–) State, capitalist (Republic of Cabo Verde). Formed on the territory of modern Cabo Verde as a result of the renaming of the Cape Verde Islands. Capital - Praia
Cabo Verde
CALIPHATE OF CORDOBA (AD 929-1031) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the transformation of the Emirate of Cordoba. The capital is Cordoba. It broke up into separate emirates (taifas).
Gibraltar Испания Марокко Португалия Тунис
CAMBODIA (AD 1953-1975}, {1989-) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Cambodia, in 1970-1975 - the Khmer Republic; in 1989-1993 - the State of Cambodia). Formed on the territory of modern Cambodia as a result of the declaration of independence from France in French Indochina. Renamed to Kampuchea}, {Name of Cambodia restored). Capital - Phnom Penh
Cambodia
CAMBODIA (Fr.) (AD 1863-1887) Possession of France, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Cambodia as a result of the establishment of a French protectorate over the Kingdom of Cambodia (under the rule of Siam). It became part of French Indochina. Capital - Phnom Penh
Cambodia
CAMEROON (AD 1960–) State, capitalist (Republic of Cameroon). Formed on the territory of modern Cameroon as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Cameroon (Fr.). Capital - Yaounde
Cameroon
CAMEROON (Brit.) (AD 1916-1961). British ownership. Formed on the territory of modern Cameroon as a result of the partition of Cameroon (Germ.) and the transfer of the control mandate of the western part of Cameroon to Great Britain. Shared between Cameroon and Nigeria. Capital - Buea
Cameroon Nigeria
CAMEROON (Fr.) (AD 1916-1959). Possession of France. Formed on the territory of modern Cameroon as a result of the partition of Cameroon (Germ.) and the transfer of the mandate to govern the eastern part of Cameroon to France. The independence of Cameroon is proclaimed. Capital - Yaounde
Cameroon
CAMEROON (Germ.) (AD 1884-1916) Possession of Germany, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Cameroon as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over a number of states in North-West Africa. Divided into Cameroon (Brit.) and Cameroon (Fr.). Capital - Yaounde
Cameroon Nigeria Central African Republic Chad
CAMPUCHIA (AD 1975-1989) State, republic (People's Republic of Kmpuchea, in 1975-1979 - Democratic Kampuchea). Formed on the territory of modern Cambodia as a result of the overthrow of the monarchy and the renaming of Cambodia to Kampuchea. The name Cambodia was restored. Capital - Phnom Penh
Cambodia
CANADA (AD 1867-) A state capitalist. Formed on the territory of Canada as a result of the adoption of the Constitutional Act and the declaration of dominion status in Canada (Brit.). Capital - Ottawa
Канада
CANADA (Brit.) (AD 1841-1867) a British colony (as a part of British North America). Founded on the territory. sovr. Canada's merger of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Transformed into the Dominion of Canada. Capital - Kingston (1841-1843), Montreal (1843-1849), Toronto (1849-1852, 1859-1866), Quebec (1852-1856, 1859-1866), Ottawa (1866-1867)
Канада
CANTON AND ENDERBERRY ISLANDS (Brit., USA) (AD 1939-1979) Joint possession of Great Britain and the USA, condominium. Formed on the territory of modern Kiribati as a result of separation from the colony of Gilbert and Ellis Islands (Brit). After the proclamation of independence, Kiribati became a part of it. Capital - Tebaronga
Kiribati
CAPE COLONY (Brit.) (AD 1806-1910) Possession of Great Britain, a colony. Formed on the territory of modern South Africa as a result of the British conquest of the Dutch colony Cape Colony (Dutch). Joined the Union of South Africa. Capital - Cape Town
RSA Lesotho
CAPE COLONY (Dutch) (AD 1652-1795}, {1803-1806) Possession of the Netherlands, a colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the conquest of the Cape of Good Hope by the Dutch West India Company. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Transferred to the Batavian Republic (Netherlands). Conquered by Great Britain with the formation of the Cape Colony (Brit.). Capital - Cape Town
RSA
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS (AD 1975–) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory of modern Cabo Verde as a result of the proclamation of independence of Portugal's possession of Cape Verde (Port). Capital - Praia
Cabo Verde
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS (Port.) (AD 1495-1580}, {1640-1975) Possession of Portugal. (Formed on the territory of modern Cabo Verde as a result of the colonization of the Cape Verde Islands by Portuguese colonists. Passed into the possession of Spain}, {Returned to Portugal. The independence of the Cape Verde Islands was proclaimed). Capital - Praia
Cabo Verde Guinea-Bissau
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS (Sp.) (AD 1580-1640) Possession of Spain. Formed on the territory of modern Cabo Verde as a result of the transfer of the Cape Verde Islands (Port) colony to Spain. Returned to Portugal. Capital - Praia
Cabo Verde Guinea-Bissau
CAPPADOCIA (250 BC - AD 17) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Separated from the Seleucid State. The capital is Mazaka. It became part of the Roman Empire.
Турция
CAPUIA (600–327 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic. In 74 BC, in the city of Capua, Spartacus organized a conspiracy of gladiators.
Italy
CARANTANIA (AD 658–788) State, feudal, Slavic (Principality of Carantania). Originated on the territory modern Austria as a result of the collapse of the Principality of Samo. The capital is Krnski grad. Conquered by the Frankish State
Austria Словения Croatia
CARIBBEAN NETHERLANDS (AD 2010–) Possession of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of modern Caribbean Netherlands (islands Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba) as a result of the termination of the possession of the Netherlands Antilles and its division into Curacao (Dutch), Sint Marten (Dutch) And the Caribbean Netherlands. Capital - Kralendijk
Caribbean Netherlands
CARTHAGE (825–146 BC) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Tunisia Destroyed by the Roman Republic in the 3rd Punic War. The most prominent commander Hannibal (late 247–183 BC).
Алжир France Gibraltar Ливия Испания Italy Мальта Марокко Португалия Тунис
CASTILIA (AD 1035–1037},{1065–1072},{1157–1230) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Castile). (It originated in the territory of modern Spain as a result of secession from the Kingdom of León. Merged with León to form the Kingdom of Castile and León},{Restored as a result of secession from León. Merged with León to form the Kingdom of Castile and León},{Restored as a result of secession from Leon. United with Leon, forming the Kingdom of Castile and Leon). Capitals - Burgos, Toledo.
Испания Португалия
CASTILIA AND LEON (AD 1037-1065}, {1072-1157}, {1230-1516) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Castile and León). (It originated on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the unification of Castile and Leon. Broken up into Castile and Leon},{Restored as a result of the unification of Castile and Leon. Broken up into Castile and Leon},{Restored as a result of the unification of Castile and Leon. Merged with Aragon to form Spain). Capitals - Burgos, Toledo.
Испания Португалия
CAUCASUS ALBANIA (400 BC - AD 461) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan. Made by Albanians. The capital is Gabala. It became part of the Persian Sassanid Empire.
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Россия , (ЮФО)
CAYMAN ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1962–) British possession, overseas territory. Formed on the territory of modern Cayman Islands (Brit.) as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.). Capital - Georgetown
Cayman Islands (Brit.)
CENTRAL AFRICAN EMPIRE (AD 1976-1979) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory of modern Central African Republic as a result of the transformation of the Central African Republic into Central African Empire. Central African Republic was re-established. Capital - Bangui
Central African Republic
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC (AD 1960–1976}, {1979–) State, capitalist. (Formed on the territory of the modern Central African Republic as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Ubangi-Shari (Fr.). Central African Empire was proclaimed.}, {Central African Republic was re-established). Capital - Bangui
Central African Republic
CERE (1000–358 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. He was a member of the Union of 12 city-states of Etruria. Destroyed by the Roman Republic
Italy
CEREDIGION (AD 424–680) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Ceredigion). Originated on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) as a result of the division of Kuneda's possessions between his sons. The capital is not defined. Renamed Seisillug.
Great Britain
CEUTA (port.) (AD 1415–1580) Possession of Portugal. It was formed as a result of the conquest of the city of Ceuta by Portugal from the State of the Marinids. Conquered by Spain (see Ceuta (Spanish)
Марокко
CEUTA (Spanish) (AD 1518–1912}, {1956–) Spanish possession. (Formated on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the conquest of the city of Ceuta (port.) by Spain. It became part of Spanish Morocco}, {Withdrawn from Spanish Morocco, included in Spain, since 1995 - Autonomous city of Ceuta
Испания (Марокко)
CEYLON (AD 1948-1972) State, dominion of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Sri Lanka as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in Ceylon (brit.). Converted to Republic and renamed Sri Lanka. Capital - Colombo
Sri Lanka
CEYLON (Brit.) (AD 1796-1948) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory. modern Sri Lanka as a result of the British conquest of Ceylon (Dutch). Independence from Great Britain is proclaimed and the dominion of Ceylon is formed. Capital - Colombo
Maldives Sri Lanka
CEYLON (Dutch) (AD 1656–1796) Colony of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory modern Sri Lanka as a result of the conquest of Ceylon (Port.) by the Dutch East India Company. Transferred to the UK. Capital - Colombo
Maldives Sri Lanka
CEYLON (Port.) (AD 1597–1658) A colony of Portugal. Formed on the territory modern Sri Lanka as a result of the conquest of the state of Kotte by Portugal. Included in Ceylon (Nid.). Capital - Colombo
Sri Lanka
CHAD (AD 1960–) Capitalist state (Republic of Chad). Formed on the territory of modern Chad as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Chad (Fr.). Capital - N'Djamena
Chad
CHAD (Fr.) (AD 1900-1906}, {1958-1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic (since 1958). (Formed on the territory of present-day Chad as a result of France's establishment of a protectorate over the Baghirmi sultanate. It merged with the Ubangi-Shari (Fr.) colony into the Ubangi-Shari-Chad (Fr.) colony}, {Withdrawn from French Equatorial Africa. Independence proclaimed Chad). Capital - Fort Lamy
Chad
CHAGATAI KHANATE (AD 1225–1370) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of separation from Mongol Empire. The capitals were Almalyk (1225–1266), Samarkand (1266–1370). It ceased to exist as a result of the seizure of power in Timur and formed Timurid Empire
Afghanistan Казахстан Киргизстан PRC (People's Republic Of China) Mongolia Pakistan Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
CHALCIDA (700–338 BC}, {280–146 BC) City-state. (Born on the territory of modern Greece. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Seceded from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Roman Republic)
Greece
CHALUKYA (AD 543-753) The State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India by conquest Kadambas Chalukyas. Capital - Badami. Won state Rashtrakuta dynasty
India
CHAMPA (AD 629–1832) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as a result of the conquest of the state of Lâm Ấp. Conquered by the state of Đại Việt (Nguyen dynasty). Capital - Indrapura (875-978), Vijaya (978-1485), Panduranga (1485-1832)
Vietnam
CHAMPASAK (AD 1713–1904) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Laos as a result of the collapse of Lan Xang. After the establishment of the protectorate of France, it was included in French Indochina. The capital is Champasak
Laos
CHEMBALO (Genoese) (AD 1357–1475) City-state, colony of the Republic of Genoa. Born on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from the Golden Horde. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. The modern district of Sevastopol Balaklava
Ukraine
CHEN (AD 557–589) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC after the change of dynasty in the state of Liang. The Sui Empire was conquered. The capital is Jiankang
PRC (People's Republic Of China) Vietnam
CHENLA (AD 550-802) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Cambodia as a Mon-Khmer state. It became part of Kambujadesh. Capital - Bhavapura (VI c.), Ishanapura (since the 7th c.)
Vietnam Laos Cambodia Myanmar Thailand
CHERA (300 BC-AD 1279) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the beginning of the reign of the Tamil Chera. Capital - Karuvur. Won state Chola
India
Chersonese Taurian (529-108 BC}, {63 BC - AD 370) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical (since the beginning of our era - an oligarchic republic). (Created by the ancient Greeks on the territory of modern Ukraine. Conquered by the Pontic kingdom}, {Restored independence. Destroyed by the Huns). Was on the territory. modern Sevastopol
Ukraine
CHILE (AD 1778-1810) Colony of Spain. Formed on the territory of modern Chile as a result of separation from Peru (Sp.). Chile proclaimed its independence. Capital - Santiago
Chile
CHILE (AD 1810–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Chile). Formed on the territory of modern Chile as a result of the declaration of independence in Chile (Sp.). Capital - Santiago
Chile
CHOLA (300 BC-AD 1279) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the beginning of the reign of the Tamil Chola. Won state Pandya
India Sri Lanka
CHRISTMAS ISLAND (Austr.) (AD 1958–) Possession (Outer Territory) of Australia. Formed on the territory of modern Christmas Island (Austr.) as a result of the transfer of the island by Great Britain to Australia. Capital - Flying Fish Cove
Christmas Island (Austr.)
CHRISTMAS ISLAND (Brit.) (AD 1888-1958) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Christmas Island (Austr.) as a result of the annexation of the island by Great Britain. Transferred to Australia. Capital - Flying Fish Cove
Christmas Island (Austr.)
CILICIAN KINGDOM (AD 1080–1375) State, Armenian feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey on the southern border of the Byzantine Empire during the Seljuk invasion. The capital is Sis. Conquered by the Mamluk State
Сирия Турция
CISALPINE REPUBLIC (AD 1797–1799}, {1801–1802) State, subsidiary republic of France. (Formed on the territory of modern Italy as a result of the unification of the Transpadan and Cisalpine Republics. Attached to the Habsburg Empire}, {Restored as a result of Napoleon's victory. Renamed the Italian Republic). The capital is Milan
Italy
CISPADAN REPUBLIC (AD 1796–1797) State, vassal republic of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of Napoleon's victory. The capital is Bologna. United with the Transpadan Republic to form the Cisalpine Republic
Italy
CLUSIOUS (1000–280 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. It was a member of the Union of 12 city-states of Etruria. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
COCONUT (KEALING) ISLANDS (Austr.) (AD 1955–) Possession (Outer Territory) of Australia. Formed on the territory of modern Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Austr.) as a result of the transfer of the islands by Great Britain to Australia. Capital - West Island
Coconut (Kealing) Islands (Brit.)
COCONUT (KEALING) ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1857-1955) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Austr.) as a result of the annexation of the islands by Great Britain. Transferred to Australia. Capital - West Island
Coconut (Kealing) Islands (Brit.)
COLCHIS (1200–720 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical, legendary. Originated on the territory modern Georgia. It is known from the ancient Greek legend about the Argonauts who sailed to Colchis for the Golden Fleece. Considered the birthplace of the Amazons. Destroyed by the tribes of Cimmerians and Scythians
Georgia
COLCHIS KINGDOM (550–102 BC) Slaveholding, monarchical state. Originated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of the unification of the tribes of the Colchians. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus
Georgia
COLOMBIA (AD 1863-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Colombia, in 1886 the United States of Colombia). Formed on the territory of Colombia,as a result of the conversion of New Granada. Capital - Bogota
Colombina Панама
COLONY OF NATAL (Brit.) (AD 1843-1910) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the British conquest of the Republic of Natal. Joined the Union of South Africa. Capital - Pietermaritzburg
RSA
COMMAGEN (1000–800 BC},{162–83 BC},{65 BC – AD 72) State, slaveholding. (Created in 1000 BC on the territory of modern Turkey. Conquered by Assyria}. {Separated from the State of the Seleucids. Conquered by Great Armenia}, {Separated from Great Armenia. Became part of the Roman Empire). Capital - Samosat (since 162 BC)
Турция
Commonwealth (AD 1569–1795) State, feudal, monarchical, confederation. Originated on the territory modern Poland as a result of the unification of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Divided between Prussia, the Habsburg Empire and the Russian Empire. Capitals - Krakow (until 1596), Warsaw
Belarus Latvia Lithuania Молдавия Poland Россия
(Калининград)
(ЦФО) (СЗФО) Ukraine Estonia
COMORES (FR.) (AD 1886-1914}, {1946-1975) Possession of France, protectorate. (Formed on the territory of modern Comoros as a result of separation from the protectorate of Mayotte (Fr.). It became part of Madagascar (Fr.)}, {Withdrawn from Madagascar (Fr.). The independent state of the Comoros was proclaimed). Capital - Moroni
Comoros Mayotte (Fr.)
COMOROS (AD 1975–) State, capitalist (Union of the Comoros; until 1978 - the Comoros state, until 2002 - the Islamic Federal Republic of the Comoros). Formed on the territory of modern Comoros as a result of the declaration of independence of the possession of the Comoros (Fr.). Capital - Moroni
Comoros
COMPANY RULE IN INDIA (AD 1612-1858) Possession UK. Formed on the territory of India as a result of the gains of the UK India. Capitals - Fort Wiliam, Calcutta. Transferred to the British India
Bangladesh India Malaysia Pakistan
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA (AD 1861-1865) unrecognized states. It was born on the territory of USA on USA 13, following the withdrawal of the southern slave states from the United States. It became part of the United States. Capitals - Montgomery (1861), Richmond (1861-1865), Danville (1865)
США
CONFEDERATION OF PERU AND BOLIVIA (AD 1836-1839) State. Formed on the territory of modern Peru and Bolivia as a result of the unification of Peru and Bolivia. Broken up into Peru and Bolivia. Capital - Tacna
Peru Bolivia Chile
CONGO (Belg.) (AD 1908-1960) Possession of Belgium, colony. Formed on the territory of modern DR Congo as a result of the annexation of the Congo Free State by Belgium. Congo (Kinshasa) independence proclaimed. Capital - Boma (until 1926), Leopoldville (from 1926)
DR Congo
CONGO (Brazzaville) (AD 1960–) State, capitalist (Republic of the Congo; 1970–1991 - People's Republic of the Congo). Formed on the territory of modern Congo (Brazzaville) as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of the Congo (Fr.). Capital - Brazzaville
Congo (Brazzaville)
CONGO (Fr.) (AD 1882-1903}, {1958-1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic (since 1958). (Formed on the territory of the modern Congo (Brazzaville) as a result of France's establishment of a protectorate over the people of Bateke on the northern bank of the Congo River. Renamed to Middle Congo (Fr.)}, {Seceded from French Equatorial Africa. The independence of Republic of the Congo was proclaimed). Capital - Brazzaville
Gabon Congo (Brazzaville) Central African Republic
CONGO (Kinshasa) (AD 1960-1971) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory of modern DR Congo as a result of the declaration of independence of the Congo (Belg.). Renamed to Zaire. Capital - Kinshasa (until 1966 - Leopoldville)
DR Congo
CONGO FREE STATE (AD 1885-1908) State in personal union with the king of Belgium. Formed on the territory of modern DR Congo as a result of colonization of the territory of modern DR Congo by Belgium. Annexed by Belgium. Capital - Boma
DR Congo
COOK ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1888-1901) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Cook Islands (New Zel.) As a result of the annexation of the islands by Great Britain. Transferred to New Zealand. Capital - Avarua
Cook Islands (New Zeal.)
COOK ISLANDS (New Zeal.) (AD 1901–) New Zealand possession, since 1965 loose association with New Zealand. Formed on the territory of modern Cook Islands (New Zeal.) as a result of the transfer of islands from Great Britain to New Zealand. Capital - Avarua
Cook Islands (New Zeal.)
CORINTH (747–338 BC},{280–243 BC},{147–146 BC) City-state. (Born on the territory of modern Greece. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Seceded from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Achaean Union}, {Left the Achaean Union. Became part of the Roman Republic)
Greece
CORNWALL (AD 1014–1066) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Cornwall). Originated on the territory modern Great Britain as a result of separation from England after its conquest by Denmark. The capital is not defined. Attached to England.
Great Britain
COSTA RICA (AD 1838-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Costa Rica). Formed on the territory of Costa Rica, following the withdrawal of the Federal Republic of Central America. Capital - San José
Коста-Рика
CÔTE D'IVOIRE (AD 1985–) State, capitalist (Republic of Côte d'Ivoire). Formed on the territory of modern Côte d'Ivoire as a result of the renaming of the Ivory Coast. Capital - Yamoussoukro
Côte d'Ivoire
COUNTY OF EDESSA (AD 1098–1144) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. Formed by the Crusaders on the territory of the Seljuk State. The capital is Edessa. Conquered by the Zengid Emirate
Сирия Турция
COUNTY OF SICILY (AD 1071-1130) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the Norman conquest of part of the Emirate of Sicily. The capital is Palermo. As a result of the unification of the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria and the County of Sicily, the Kingdom of Apulia and Sicily was formed
Italy Мальта Марокко
CRIMEAN KHANATE (AD 1441–1478}, {1774–1783) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Ukraine in the process of the disintegration of the Golden Horde into a number of independent states. It fell into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire}, {Recreated as an independent khanate. Attached to the Russian Empire) The capital is Bakhchisarai.
Молдавия Россия, (ЦФО), (ЮФО), Ukraine
CRIMEAN KHANATE (Osm.) (AD 1478–1774) State, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. Educated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the Crimean Khanate falling into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Bakhchisarai. Recreated as an independent khanate
Молдавия Россия, (ЦФО), (ЮФО), Ukraine
CROATIA (AD 1991–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Croatia). Formed on the territory modern Croatia as a result of secession from Yugoslavia. Capital - Zagreb
Croatia
CROTON (708–264 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
CUBA (AD 1902–) State, republic (Republic of Cuba). Formed on the territory of modern Cuba as a result of the end of the US occupation. Capital - Havana
Cuba
CUBA (Sp.) (AD 1607-1898) Colony of Spain (captaincy general). Created on the territory of modern Cuba as part of New Spain. It ceased to exist as a result of the Spanish-American War and the US occupation (in 1902 the independent Republic of Cuba was proclaimed). Capital - Havana.
Cuba
CUBA (US Occupied) (AD 1898-1902) US possession (US military government in Cuba). Formed on the territory of modern Cuba as a result of the US occupation of the colony Cuba (Sp.). The occupation ended, the independent Republic of Cuba was proclaimed. Capital - Havana
Cuba
CUBAN KHANATE (AD 1747–1806) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Cuba
Azerbaijan Россия,(ЮФО)
CUE (1000–700 BC) State, slaveholding. monarchical. . Originated on the territory modern Turkey. It became part of Assyria
Турция
CURACAO (Dutch) (AD 2010–) Owned by the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of modern Curacao (Dutch) as a result of the termination of the possession of the Netherlands Antilles and its division into Curacao (Dutch), Sint Marten (Dutch) And the Caribbean Netherlands. Capital - Willemstad
Curacao (Dutch)
CURACAO AND DEPENDENCIES (Dutch) (AD 1792–1807},{1816–1948) Possession of the Netherlands. (Formed on the territory of modern Aruba (Dutch), Curacao (Dutch), Sint Marten (Dutch) and the Caribbean Netherlands as a result of the transfer of the islands from the Dutch West India Company to the Netherlands.Occupied by Great Britain}, {Returned to the Netherlands. Converted to Netherlands Antilles). Converted to the Netherlands Antilles. Capital - Willemstad
Aruba (Dutch) Caribbean Netherlands Curacao (Dutch) Sint Marten (Dutch) Suriname
CYDONIA (900–67 BC) City-state. Born on the territory O. Crete (modern Greece) after the settlement of the island by the Dorians. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Greece
CYPRUS (AD 1960–) State, capitalist (Republic of Cyprus). Educated on the territory modern Cyprus as a result of the declaration of independence in the British colony of Cyprus (Brit.). The capital is Nicosia.
Cyprus
CYPRUS (EMPIRE) (AD 1185–1191) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Cyprus. It was formed as a result of the seizure of power on about. Cyprus, which was part of the Byzantine Empire, by Isaac Komnenos, who proclaimed himself emperor. The capital is Nicosia. Conquered by King Richard I of England the Lionheart during the 3rd Crusade
Cyprus
CYPRUS (UK) (AD 1878–1960) British possession (crown colony since 1925). Formed as a result of the rejection of the territory by Great Britain. modern Cyprus from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Nicosia. On August 16, 1960, the independent Republic of Cyprus was proclaimed
Cyprus
CYRENAIC (It.) (AD 1912–1934) Colony of Italy. It was formed as a result of the occupation by Italy of part of the Ottoman Empire on the territory. modern Libya. The capital is Benghazi. Became part of the colony of Libya (it.)
Ливия
CYRENAICA (UK) (AD 1943–1951) Territory under British administration. Educated on the territory modern Libya as a result of the British occupation of part of the territory of Libya (it.). The capital is Benghazi. It became part of the independent state of Libya proclaimed on December 24, 1951
Ливия
CYRENE (640–305 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Libya. Conquered by Ptolemaic Egypt.
Ливия
CZECH REPUBLIC (AD 1198–1526},{1993–) State, capitalist, republic (Czech Republic). (It originated on the territory of the modern Czech Republic (the Kingdom of the Czech Republic, another name is the Kingdom of Bohemia) as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Became part of the Habsburg Empire}, {Revived as a result of the collapse of Czechoslovakia). Capital - Prague
Austria Czech Republic Germany Italy Poland Словения
CZECHOSLOVAKIA (AD 1918–1939}, {1945–1992) State, socialist (since 1945), republic. (It was formed on the territory of the modern Czech Republic and Slovakia as a result of the collapse of Austria-Hungary (Czechoslovak Republic). It ceased to exist as a result of the occupation of the Czech Republic by Germany (the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was formed in the occupied territory) and the declaration of independence of Slovakia}, {Recreated as a result of liberation from German occupation by Soviet troops; in 1960-1989 - the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. It broke up into the Czech Republic and Slovakia). Capital - Prague
Словакия Poland Ukraine Czech Republic

D

Историческая справка

Страна
DAHOMEY (AD 1960-1974) State, capitalist (Republic of Dahomey). Formed on the territory of modern Benin as a result of the declaration of independence from France Dahomey (Fr.). Renamed to Benin. Capital - Porto-Novo
Benin Cabo Verde
DAHOMEY (Fr.) (AD 1958-1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic. Formed on the territory of modern Benin as a result of the secession from French West Africa. The independence of Dahomey is proclaimed. Capital - Porto-Novo
Benin Cabo Verde
ĐẠI VIỆT (AD 968-1804) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as a result of the liberation of the territory from Chinese dependence. Conquered by the Nguyễn dynasty. Capital - Hoa Ly (968-1010), Tan Long (1010-1398,1428-1789), Fu Xuan (1789-1804)
Vietnam
DAKIAN KINGDOM (82 BC–AD 106) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the unification of the Geto-Dacian tribes. Conquered by the Roman Empire. Capital: Sarmizegetusa
Bulgaria Croatia Молдавия Румыния Serbia Ukraine
DAL RIADA (AD 580–843) State, feudal, monarchical. Founded by the Irish on the territory. modern Great Britain (west coast of Scotland and northern Ireland). The capital is not defined. Merged with the Pictish Kingdom to form Scotland
Great Britain
DAMASCUS (fr.) (AD 1920–1925) French-administered League of Nations mandate (State of Damascus). Formed on the territory of Syria (zone of British-French occupation). The capital is Damascus. It united with Aleppo (fr.), forming the mandated territory of the League of Nations under the control of France, Syria (fr.)
Сирия
DANELAG (AD 870-954) Territory, characterized by special legal and social systems (Area of ​​Danish law), formed as a result of the conquests of the Danish Vikings on the territory. modern Great Britain (in the north-eastern part of England). Annexed to England
Great Britain
DANISH ESTLAND (AD 1219–1227}, {1238–1346) State, monarchical (Duchy of Estonia). Danish possession. (It originated on the territory of modern Estonia as a result of the colonization of Northern Estonia by the Danes. Conquered by the Order of the Swordsman}, {Recreated. Became part of the Teutonic Order). The capital is Revel
Latvia Estonia
DANISH INDIA (AD 1620-1869) Possession of Denmark. Formed on the territory of India as a result of the gains of Denmark. Capital - Fort Dansborg. Became a part of British India
India
DANISH WEST INDIA (AD 1672–1807}, {1815–1917) Possession of Denmark (Formed on the territory of the modern Virgin Islands (USA) in the founding of the colony by the Danish West Indies Company. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Transferred to the USA , named Virgin Islands (USA)). Capital - Charlotte Amalie (1672-1754 and 1871-1917), Christiansted (1754-1871)
Virgin Islands (USA)
DARFUR (AD 1603-1874) State, monarchy (Darfur Sultanate). Formed on the territory of modern Sudan based on the Kordofan Sultanate. He entered the Ottoman Empire. Capital - El Fasher
Sudan
DEHEIBART (AD 920-1197) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) as a result of the union of Dyfed and Seysillug. The capital is Dinevur. Became part of Gwynedd
Great Britain
DEIRA (AD 559-616) State, feudal, monarchical. Founded by the Angles on the territory. modern Great Britain (North East England). The capital is not defined. Merged with Bernicia to form Northumbria
Great Britain
DELHI SULTANATE (1206-1526},{1539-1555) State, feudal, monarchical. (Arose in the territory of India as a result of separation from the State Gurids. Won in Mughal Empire}, {Separated from the Mughal Empire. Won in the Mughal Empire). Capital - Delhi
Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan
DEMERARA (Dutch) (AD 1745-1814) Colony of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory. modern Guyana as a result of separation from the colony of Essequibo (Dutch). Transferred to Great Britain. Capital - Stabruk
Guyana
DEMERARA-ESSEKIBO (Brit.) (AD 1814-1831) Colony of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Guyana as a result of the transfer of the colonies of Essequibo (Dutch) and Demerara (Dutch) To Great Britain and their unification. Merged with Berbys (Brit.) To form the colony of Guiana (Brit.)
Guyana
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA (AD 1918–1920) State, capitalist. Educated on the territory modern Armenia as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. The capital is Yerevan. After the entry of Soviet troops and the proclamation of Soviet power, Armenia was transformed into the SSR
Armenia Турция
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (AD 1997–) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory of modern DR Congo as a result of the renaming of Zaire. Capital - Kinshasa
DR Congo
DENIS EMIRATE (AD 1010-1091) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Denia. Conquered by the Almoravid State
Испания
DENMARK (AD 935–1940},{1945–) Monarchical state (Kingdom of Denmark). (It originated on the territory of modern Denmark as a result of the merger of separate tribal groups into one territorial state. Occupied by Germany}, {Restored as a result of the victory of the anti-Hitler coalition over Germany). Capital - Copenhagen
Finland Germany Great Britain Denmark Iceland Latvia Норвегия Poland Россия (СЗФО) Estonia Швеция
DERBENT EMIRATE (AD 869-1071}, {1157-1240) State, feudal theocratic, Muslim. (It originated on the territory of modern Russia as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. Conquered by the Seljuk State}, {Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Seljuk State. Conquered by the Mongols and included in the Golden Horde). The capital is Derbent
Azerbaijan Россия
DERBENT KHANATE (AD 1747–1806) State, feudal, Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the collapse of the Persian State of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Derbent
Россия, (ЮФО)
DERPT BISHOPHOUSE (AD 1224–1558) State, feudal, theocratic (as part of the Principality of Terra Mariana, from 1435 as part of the Livonian Confederation (as part of the Holy Roman Empire)). Educated on the territory modern Estonia as a result of the conquests of the Order of the Sword. The capital is Dorpat (now Tartu). Conquered by the Russian Empire
Latvia Estonia
DEVA EMPIRE (AD 1230–1300) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result coming to power in Sena Empire Deva dynasty. Capital - Bikrampur. Conquered the Delhi Sultanate
India
DIAOCHA (1118–756 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of the unification of the tribes. Conquered by Urartu. Capital - Zua
Armenia Georgia Турция
DILMUN (2800–605 BC) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Bahrain. Since 729 BC - a vassal of Assyria. Conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire
Bahrain
DIOSCURIAS (500–102 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Miletus on the territory. modern Georgia. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus. Located in the center of present-day Sukhumi
Georgia
DIRI EMIRATE (AD 1744–1818) State, theocratic, Muslim. The first Saudi state, formed on the territory. modern Saudi Arabia by Muhammad ibn Saud. The capital is Ad-Diriya. Destroyed by the Ottoman Empire
Катар ОАЕ Оман Саудовская Аравия
DJIBOUTI (AD 1977–) State, capitalist (Republic of Djibouti). Formed on the territory of modern Djibouti as a result of the declaration of independence of Territory of Afar and Issa (Fr.). Capital - Djibouti
Djibouti
DMITROVSK PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1280–1364) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Vladimir principality (yoke). Attached to the Moscow principality. Capital - Dmitrov
Россия Россия (ЦФО)
DOBRUDZHANSK PRINCIPALITY (AD 1371–1395) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria as a result of the collapse of the Second Bulgarian Kingdom. The capital is Kaliakra. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate
Bulgaria Румыния
DODECANESS (it.) (AD 1912–1947) Colony of Italy. It was formed as a result of the occupation by Italy of part of the islands that belonged to the Ottoman Empire (now the territory of modern Greece). The capital is Rhodes. Became part of Greece
Greece
DOMINICA (AD 1978–) State, capitalistic, republic (Commonwealth of Dominica). Formed on the territory of modern Dominica. As a result of the proclamation of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Dominica (British). Capital - Roseau
Dominica
DOMINICA (Brit.) (AD 1763–1778}, {1784–1833}, {1962–1978) Possession of Great Britain (since 1967 - a state associated with Great Britain). (Formed on the territory of modern Dominica as a result of the occupation of the island by Great Britain. Occupied by France}, {Returned to Great Britain. It became part of the British Leeward Islands, in 1940 - became part of the British Windward Islands}, {After the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Britain), it was recreated as an independent colony. The independent state of Dominica was proclaimed). Capital - Roseau
Dominica
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (AD 1844–1861}, {1865–1916}, {1924–) State, capitalistic, republic. (Formed on the territory of the modern Dominican Republic as a result of secession from Haiti. Occupied by Spain}, {End of the Spanish occupation. Occupied by the USA}, {End of the US occupation). Capital - Santo Domingo
Dominican Republic Haiti
DRV (DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM) (AD 1955-1976) State, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam as a result of the partition of the State of Vietnam. It united with South Vietnam, as a result, the SRV (Socialist Republic of Vietnam) was proclaimed. Capital - Hanoi
Vietnam
DUBROVNICA REPUBLIC (AD 1358–1808) State, feudal, republic. Originated on the territory modern Croatia as a result of secession from the Venetian Republic. Conquered by France. Capital - Dubrovnik
Croatia
DUCH OF SAVOIE (AD 1416–1720) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Turin (until 1653 - Chambéry). Changed to Sardinian Kingdom
Italy Switzerland France
DUCHIES OF ATHENS (AD 1205-1458) State, feudal, monarchical (vassal of the Kingdom of Thessalonica, from 1224 - Principality of Achaea). Originated on the territory modern Greece. It was formed by the crusaders as a result of the 4th crusade on part of the territory of the former Byzantine Empire, separated from the Kingdom of Thessaloniki. The capital is Athens. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
Greece
DUCHTY OF BAVARIA (AD 554–788) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification of the German tribes of the Bavarians. The capital is Regensburg. Conquered by the Frankish State
Austria Germany
DUCHTY OF MILAN (AD 1395–1796) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Milan. Included in the Transpadance of the Republic
Italy Switzerland
DUCHTY OF MODENA (AD 1452–1796}, {1815–1859) State, monarchical (Duchy of Modena and Reggio). (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Entered the Cispadan Republic}, {Restored after the abolition of the Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic). It became part of the United Provinces of Central Italy). Capital -
Italy
DUCHTY OF WARSAW (AD 1807–1815) State, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Poland under the protectorate of Napoleonic France. Divided between Prussia, the Austrian Empire and the Russian Empire. Capital - Warsaw
Belarus Lithuania Poland
DUchy OF FLORENCE (AD 1532–1569) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the establishment of a monarchical system in the Florentine Republic. The capital is Florence. Transformed into Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Italy
DUchy OF NEAPOLITAN (AD 1084-1144) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire (it existed as part of the Byzantine Empire from 840). The capital is Naples. Annexed to the Kingdom of Apulia and Sicily
Italy
DUKAGGINI (AD 1389–1444) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Dukagjini). Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of secession from Zeta. Became part of the Lega League. Capital - Kruya
Albania
DUKETY OF LUCCA (AD 1815–1847) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Italy as a result of the restoration of independence from France in the Principality of Lucca and Piombino. The capital is Lucca. Annexed to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Italy
DUKETY OF SAXONY (AD 555–797) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification of the Saxon tribes. The capital is Marklo. Conquered by the Frankish State
Germany Нидерланды
DUKLA (AD 850–917}, {1018–1170) State, feudal, monarchical (principality, from 1053 - kingdom). (It originated on the territory of modern Montenegro as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire. It became part of the First Bulgarian Kingdom}, {It left the First Bulgarian Kingdom. Conquered by Rashka). Capital - Bar
Albania Черногория
DUKY OF MANTUA (AD 1433-1745}, {1791-1796) State, monarchical (until 1530 - margraviate). (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Attached to the Duchy of Milan}, {Separated from the Duchy of Milan. Entered the Transpadan Republic). The capital is Mantua
Italy
DUKY OF NAXOS (AD 1207–1579) State, feudal, monarchical (vassal of the Latin Empire). Originated on the territory modern Greece. Formed by the Venetian Republic as a result of the 4th crusade in part of the territory of the Latin Empire. The capital is Naxos. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
Greece
DULCADIR (AD 1339–1516) State, feudal. Territory formed. modern Turkey as a result of separation from the state of Eretna. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. Capitals - Marash, Malatya
Турция
DUmnonia (AD 410–710) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Great Britain as a result of the separation of the territory of the Cornwall Peninsula, inhabited by the Celts, from the Western Roman Empire. The capital is Caer Wisk (modern Exeter). Conquered by Wessex
Great Britain
DUNNING (AD 1661–1683 State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Taiwan as a result of the capture of part of the territory of Formosa (Dutch) by supporters of the Ming dynasty. Included in the Chinese Qing Empire. Capital - Dongdu
Taiwan
DURANIAN POWER (AD 1747–1823) State, feudal monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Afghanistan as a result of the collapse of the Presidential power of Nadir Shah. Capitals - Kandahar (1747-1773), Kabul (1774-1823). Changed to Emirate of Afghanistan
Afghanistan India Iran Pakistan Туркменистан
DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY (AD 1605-1800) Possession of Dutch. Formed on the territory of India as a result of the gains of the India. Capital - Cochin. Transferred to the Dutch India
India Indonesia
DUTCH EAST INDIES (AD 1800–1806},{1816–1942},{1945–1949) colony Netherlands. (Formed as a result of the transfer of power in the territory of modern Indonesia from the Dutch East India Company to the Batavian Republic. Came under the control of France, then (since 1811) - under the control of Great Britain}, {Returned to the Netherlands. Occupied by Japan}, {Freed from the Japanese Occupation Transformed into the Republic of Indonesia, proclaimed in 1945, recognized by the Netherlands in 1949) Capital - Batavia
Indonesia
DUTCH INDIA (AD 1798-1825) Possession of Dutch. Formed as a result of warping Dutch colonies in India. Capital - Cochin. Became a part of British East India Company
India
DYVED (AD 410–920) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Dyved). Originated on the territory modern Great Britain as a result of the separation of the territory of South-West Wales, inhabited by the Celts, from the Western Roman Empire. The capital is not defined. Merged with Seisyllug to form Deheubarth
Great Britain
DZHANIK (AD 1292-1393}, {1402-1428) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate)
Турция
DZHARO-BELOKAN JAMAAT (AD 1747–1803) State formation based on consanguinity. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Kingdom of Kakheti (pers.). Became part of the Russian Empire
Azerbaijan
DZUNGAR KHANATE (AD 1635–1755) State, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern China as a result of merger Oirat tribes. Conquered by Qing Empire. The capital was Ghulja
Казахстан Киргизстан Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China) Россия, (СибФО) Таджикистан

E

Историческая справка

Страна
EAST ENGLAND (AD 550–870) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of East Anglia). Founded by the Angles on the territory. modern Great Britain (in England). The capital is not defined. Conquered by the Danish Vikings who formed the Danelaw
Great Britain
EAST FRANKISH KINGDOM (AD 843–919) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Germany partition of the Frankish State. The capital is Regensburg. Renamed to German Kingdom
Austria Belgium Croatia France Hungary Germany Italy Liechtenstein Люксембург Нидерланды Словения Serbia Switzerland
EAST HUNGARIAN KINGDOM (AD 1526–1571) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the conquest of the Kingdom of Hungary by the Ottoman Empire. Changed to the Principality of Transylvania. Capital - undefined
Hungary Румыния Serbia Ukraine
EASTERN CHALUKYAS (AD 624-1189) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of conquest Vishnukundina Chalukyas. Capital - Vengii. Сeased to exist
India
EASTERN KARA-KHANID KHANATE (AD 1040–1212) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of the collapse of Kara-Khanid Khanate. From 1141 - vassal of Qara Khitai. The capital was Balasagun (1040–1134), Kashgar (from 1134). Conquered by Qara Khitai
Казахстан Киргизстан Таджикистан Узбекистан PRC (People's Republic Of China) Mongolia
EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE (AD 395–476) State, slaveholding, monarchist. It was formed as a result of the division of the Roman Empire into the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Constantinople. Renamed to Byzantine Empire at the same time as the fall of the Western Roman Empire
Albania Bulgaria Bosnia and Herzegovina Greece Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Cyprus Ливан Ливия Macedonia Мальта Румыния Саудовская Аравия Serbia Сирия Турция Черногория
EAST TIMOR (AD 1975–1976},{2002–) State, republic (Democratic Republic of East Timor). (It was formed on the territory of modern East Timor as a result of the declaration of independence from Portugal. Occupied by Indonesia, since 1999 transferred under the protectorate of the UN Interim Administration in East Timor}, {Independence restored). The capital is Dili
Eastern Timor Indonesia Japan
EASTERN TIMOR (UN Protectorate) (AD 1999-2002) UN Protectorate under the control of the UN Transitional Administration in East Timor Formed on the territory of modern East Timor as a result of the liberation of East Timor from the occupation of Indonesia and transferring it under the control of the UN Interim Administration. The independence of the Democratic Republic of East Timor was restored. Capital - Dili
Eastern Timor
EASTERN TURKIC KHAGANATE (AD 603–630) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Mongolia as a result of the collapse of Turkic Khaganate. Conquered by Tang dynasty. The capital was Ordu-Baliq
Россия PRC (People's Republic Of China)
Mongolia
EASTERN WEI (AD 534–550) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the division of the state of Northern Wei. Replaced by the state of Northern Qi. Capital - Luoyang (534), Yechen (534-550)
Republic Of Korea
EASTERN ZHOU (770–256 BC) Ancient kingdom. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the replacement of the Western Zhou Dynasty. It broke up into small kingdoms, united in the Qin Empire in 221 BC . Capital - Wangcheng
Republic Of Korea
ECUADOR (AD 1830–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Ecuador). Formed on the territory of modern Ecuador as a result of the withdrawal from Gran Colombia. Capital - Quito
Colombina Ecuador Peru
EDOM (1100–732 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Jordan. Conquered by Assyria
Египет Израиль Иордания
EGRISI (300–562 AD) Slaveholding, monarchical state, vassal of the Roman, then the Eastern Roman and Byzantine Empires. Originated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of secession from the Roman Empire. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire. Capital - Archeopolis
Georgia
EGYPT (AD 1922–1958},{1971–) State, capitalist (AD 1922–1953 — Kingdom of Egypt, AD 1953–1958 — Republic of Egypt). (It was formed on the territory of modern Egypt as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain by the Sultanate of Egypt. United with Syria to form the state of the United Arab Republic (UAR); in 1961, Syria withdrew from the UAR}. {Transformed into the Arab Republic of Egypt). Capital - Cairo
Египет Израиль
EGYPT (ANCIENT) (3000–525 BC},{405–343 BC) State, slave-owning , monarchical. Was in the territory of modern Egypt. (Formed as a result of the merger of Upper Egypt и Lower Egypt. The capital was Memphis. Included in the composition of Achaemenid Empire},{Out of Achaemenid Empire. Conquered by Achaemenid Empire). The most distinguished rulers: Cheops (end of 2800-middle of 2600 BC) and others
Египет Израиль Иордания Cyprus Ливан Ливия Сирия Sudan
EGYPT (Brit.) (AD 1914–1922) State (Sultanate of Egypt) under British protectorate. Educated on the territory modern Egypt as a result of the British occupation of part of the territory of the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Cairo. In 1922, the independent Kingdom of Egypt was proclaimed
Египет
EL SALVADOR (AD 1840-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of El Salvador). Formed on the territory of Nicaragua, following the withdrawal of the Federal Republic of Central America. Capital - San Salvador
Сальвадор
ELAM (2700–539 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Iran. Separated from Mitanni. The capital is Susa. Conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire
Ирак Iran
ELEIA (648–327BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. conquered by Rome. The city became famous for its philosophers: Parmenides and Zeno
Italy
ELMET (AD 460-616) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Great Britain (in Scotland) as a result of separation from Rheged. The capital is not defined. Annexed to Northumbria.
Great Britain
EMIRATE OF ALGERIA (AD 1834–1847) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of detachment from Algeria (osm.). The capital is Maskar. Conquered by France and annexed to Algeria (fr.).
Алжир Ливия
EMIRATE OF BUKHARA (Russian) (AD 1868–1917) State, protectorate of the Russian Empire. Educated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the recognition by the Emirate of Bukhara of dependence on the Russian Empire. The capital is Bukhara. Re-established as an independent Emirate of Bukhara
Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
EMIRATE OF CARMONA (AD 1023-1069) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Carmona. Conquered by the Emirate of Seville
Испания
EMIRATE OF CORDOVA (AD 756-929}, {1031-1070) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. (Formed on the territory of modern Spain as a result of separation from the Abbasid Caliphate. Transformed into the Cordoba Caliphate}, {Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Cordoba Caliphate. Conquered by the Emirate of Seville). The capital is Cordoba.
Andorra France Gibraltar Italy Испания Португалия Gibraltar Испания Марокко Португалия Тунис
EMIRATE OF CRET (AD 826-961) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory O. Crete (modern Greece) as a result of the conquest of the island by the Arabs and its separation from the Byzantine Empire. Conquered by the Normans, who formed the County of Sicily
Greece
EMIRATE OF DANISHMENDIDOV (AD 1071-1157) State, feudal. Formed on the territory. modern Turkey as a result of the transfer to the Turkmen military leader of the Seljukids Danishmend Gazi of the territories conquered from the Byzantine Empire by the Seljuk State. Conquered by the Sultanate of Konya
Турция
EMIRATE OF HUELVA (AD 1023-1051) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Huelva. Conquered by the Emirate of Seville
Испания
EMIRATE OF MALAGA (AD 1010-1057) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Malaga. Divided by the Emirate of Seville and the Emirate of Granada
Gibraltar Испания
EMIRATE OF MALLORCA (AD 1076-1116) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain (Balearic Islands) as a result of separation from the Emirate of Denia. The capital is Palma. Conquered by the Almoravid State
Испания
EMIRATE OF NEJD (AD 1824–1891) State, theocratic, Muslim. The second Saudi state, recreated on the territory. modern Saudi Arabia. The capital is Riyadh. Conquered by Jebel Shammar
Катар Саудовская Аравия
EMIRATE OF NEJD AND KHASA (AD 1902–1921) State, theocratic, Muslim. The third Saudi state. Formed on the territory modern Saudi Arabia as a result of secession from Jebel Shammar. The capital is Riyadh. Became part of the Sultanate of Nejd
Саудовская Аравия
EMIRATE OF SEVILLE (AD 1023-1091) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Seville, from 1070 - Cordoba. Conquered by the Almoravid State
Gibraltar Испания Португалия
EMIRATE OF TOLEDO (AD 1029-1085) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Toledo. Conquered by León and Castile
Испания
EMIRATE OF UNIDOV (AD 1076-1253) State, Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Bahrain as a result of the conquest of the Carmatian State. Conquered by the State of Usfurids.
Bahrain Катар
EMIRATE OF ZARAGOSA (AD 1018-1142) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Zaragoza. Conquered by Aragon
Испания
EMIRATE SILVIS (AD 1023-1063) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Silvish. Conquered by the Emirate of Seville
Испания Португалия
EMIRATE ZENGIDOV (AD 1127–1186) State, feudal. It was formed as a result of the transfer of power by the Sultan of the Seljuk State to the atabek (ruler) of the city of Mosul on the territory. modern Iraq. Conquered by the Ayyubid State
Иордания Ирак Iran Ливан Саудовская Аравия Сирия Турция
EMIRATES OF THE QAYSITS (AD 860-1040) State, Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire.
Турция
EMPIRE OF ALEXANDER THE MACEDONIAN (330–301 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Greece. Created by Alexander the Great, through the Macedonian conquest of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. The capital is Babylon. It broke up into a number of states: the State of the Seleucids, Egypt of the Ptolemies, the State of Lissimachus
Азербайджан Albania Afghanistan Armenia Bahrain Bulgaria Greece Египет Израиль India Иордания Ирак Iran Казахстан Киргизстан Cyprus Кувейт Ливан Ливия Macedonia Pakistan Румыния Serbia Сирия Таджикистан Туркменистан Турция Узбекистан
EMPIRE OF HARSHA (AD 606-647) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of conquests ruler Harsha Kannauj. Capital - Kannauj. Won state Gurjara-Pratihara
Bangladesh India
EMPIRE OF THE HUNS (AD 350–469) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the invasion of Eastern Europe by the Asian tribes of the Huns. The capital moved from the Volga region to Pannonia and back. Disintegrated under the onslaught of the Germanic tribes
Belarus Lithuania Молдавия Россия, (Калининград), (ЦФО), (ЮФО), Румыния Ukraine
EMPIRE OF TRAPEZUNDA (AD 1204–1461) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey by the grandchildren of the Byzantine emperor following the conquest of part of the Byzantine Empire by the crusaders. The capital is Trebizond. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire.
Турция Ukraine
ENGLAND (AD 927–1014}, {1042–1707) Monarchic state (Kingdom of England). (It originated on the territory of modern Great Britain as a result of the unification of seven kingdoms by King Aethelstan of Wessex: Wessex, Sussex, Essex, Kent, Northumbria, East Anglia and Mercia. Conquered by Denmark}, {Recreated. United with Scotland to form Great Britain). Capital London.
Great Britain Ireland Cyprus France
EPIDAMN (627–167 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical, Greek colony. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Albania. Conquered by the Roman Republic (renamed Dyrrachium). Currently - the city of Durres. Cicero lived in exile in Dyrrhachia for a long time.
Albania
EPIR (330–167 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Greece as a result of secession from Macedonia (Ancient). Conquered by the Roman Republic. The capital is Passaron (330-295 BC), Ambracia (295-224 BC), Fenice (224-167 BC). Most prominent ruler: Pyrrhus (king of Epirus in 306–301 and 297–272 BC and Macedonia in 288–284 and 273–272 BC) — "Pyrrhic victory"
Albania Greece
EPIRUS DESPOTATE (AD 1204–1348}, {1371–1479) (State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory of modern Greece as a result of the collapse of the Byzantine Empire after the 4th crusade. Conquered by the Serbian kingdom}, {left the Serbian kingdom. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire). The capital is Arta.
Albania Bulgaria Greece Macedonia Турция
EQUATORIAL GUINEA (AD 1968–) Capitalist state (Republic of Equatorial Guinea). Formed on the territory of modern Equatorial Guinea as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Guinea (Sp.). Capital - Malabo (until 1973 Santa Isabel)
Equatorial Guinea
ERETNA (AD 1335-1398) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of secession from the state of Karaman. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. Capitals - Sivas (1335-1398), Erzincan (1375-1398)
Турция
Eretria (700–338 BC}, {280–146 BC) City-state. (Born on the territory of modern Greece. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Seceded from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Roman Republic)
Greece
ERGING (AD 616–755) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) as a result of secession from Gwent. The capital is Caer Arikon. Included in Gwent.
Great Britain
ERITREA (AD 1993–) State, capitalist, republic (State of Eritrea). Formed on the territory of modern Eritrea as a result of separation from Ethiopia. Capital - Asmara
Eritrea
ERITREA (It.) (AD 1882-1936) Possession of Italy. Formed on the terr of modern Eritrea as a result of the Italian conquest of Eritrea from the Ottoman Empire. Included in the Italian East Africa. Capital - Asmara
Eritrea
ERIVAN KHANATE (AD 1747–1828) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Armenia as a result of separation from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Yerevan.
Armenia Турция
ESHNUNNA (2500–2315 BC}, {2150–1770 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchical. (Born in the territory of modern Iraq. Became part of Sumer and Akkad}, {Left out of Sumer and Akkad. Conquered by Babylonia)
Ирак
ESSEQUIBO (Dutch) (AD 1616–1814) The colony of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of Guyana as a result of the base by the river settlement Essequibo Dutch West India Company. Transferred to Great Britain Capitals - Fort Kyk-Over-Al (1616–1739), Fort Zeelandia (1739–1814)
Guyana
ESSEX (AD 527–825) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Essex). Founded by the Anglo-Saxons in the territory. modern Great Britain (in England). Capital London. Attached to Wessex.
Great Britain
ESTONIA (AD 1919–1940},{1991–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Estonia). (It originated on the territory of modern Estonia as a result of separation from Soviet Russia and the cessation of the existence of the Estonian Labor Commune}, {It became part of the USSR. Withdrew from the USSR). Capital - Tallinn
Estonia
Estonian Labor Commune (AD 1918–1919) State, socialist. Formed as a result of the liberation of the territory of modern. Estonia from German occupation and recognition of independence by Soviet Russia. The capital is Narva. Ceased to exist as a result of the liberation of the territory from the Red Army by the Republic of Estonia
Estonia
ESWATINI (AD 2018–) State, capitalist, monarchy (Kingdom of Eswatini). Formed on the territory of modern Eswatini as a result of the renaming of Swaziland. Capital - Mbabane (official), Lobamba (royal and parliamentary)
Eswatini
ETHIOPIA (AD 1270–1936}, {1944–) State, capitalist, republic (until 1974 - empire) (Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia). (Born on the territory of modern Ethiopia as a result of the proclamation of the Ethiopian Empire. Included in the Italian East Africa}, {Recreated as a result of the end of the British military administration in Ethiopia). Capital - Addis Ababa
Ethiopia Eritrea
ETOLIA UNION (366–338 BC}, {280–146 BC) Federation of ancient Greek cities (polises). (It was formed on the territory of modern Greece. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Withdrawn from Macedonia (Ancient). Dissolved, became part of the Roman Republic)
Greece
Etruria (750–280 BC) A union of 12 city-states. Educated on the territory modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
EZEL-VIK BISHOPHOUSE (AD 1228–1560) State, feudal, theocratic (as part of the Principality of Terra Mariana, since 1435 as part of the Livonian Confederation (as part of the Holy Roman Empire)). Educated on the territory modern Estonia as a result of separation from the Order of the Sword. The capitals are Leal (until 1251), Perona (1251–1265), Gapsal (1265–1381), Ahrensburg (now Kuressaare). Transferred to the possession of Denmark
Estonia

F

Историческая справка

Страна
FALKLAND ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1833–2021) British possession, overseas territory. Formed on the territory. modern Falkland Islands (Brit.) as a result of the occupation of Great Britain. Capital - Stanley
Falkland Islands (Brit.)
FAR EASTERN REPUBLIC (AD 1920–1922, November) Formally independent, democratic capitalist state. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. Became part of Soviet Russia. The capital is Verkhneudinsk; from October 1920 - Chita
Россия, (ДФО), (СибФО)
FASIS (500–102 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Miletus on the territory. modern Georgia. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus
Georgia
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF CENTRAL AMERICA (AD 1823-1840) State, Federal Republic. It was born on the territory of Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador as a result of separation from Mexico. Collapsed. Capital - Guatemala (1823-1834), San Salvador (1834-1840)
Белиз Гватемала Гондурас Коста-Рика Никарагуа Сальвадор
FEDERATED MALAY STATES (Brit.) (AD 1895–1941) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the states of Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak and Selangor. Occupied by Japan. The capital is Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia
FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA (AD 1986–) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Federated States of Micronesia as a result of the withdrawal from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (USA) and the proclamation of independence. Capital - Palikir
Federated States of Micronesia
FEDERATION OF RHODESIA AND NYASALAND (Brit.) (AD 1953-1963) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Zambia, Zimbabwe and Malawi as a result of the unification of the possession of Northern Rhodesia (Brit.), Southern Rhodesia (Brit.) and Nyasaland (Brit.). Declared underdependence and divided into Zambia, Malawi and Rhodesia. Capital - Salisbury
Zambia Zimbabwe Malawi
FEDERATION OF SOUTH ARABIA (UK) (AD 1962–1967) State under British protectorate. Formed on the territory of Yemen as a result of separation from the Aden Protectorate (UK). Capital — Aden. Became part of the People's Republic of South Yemen
Йемен
FERRARA (AD 1471–1598) State, feudal, monarchical (Duchy of Ferrara). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the Duchy of Modena. The capital is Ferrara. Became part of the Papal States
Italy
FESTUS (Dorian) (900–67 BC) City-state. Born on the territory O. Crete (modern Greece) after the settlement of the island by the Dorians. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Greece Турция
FESTUS (Minoan) (1900–1750 BC) City-state. It originated during the Minoan civilization on the territory. O. Crete (modern Greece). Conquered by Knossos
Greece
FEZZAN (fr.) (AD 1943–1951) Territory under British administration. Educated on the territory modern Libya as a result of the occupation by France of part of the territory of Libya (it.). The capital is Sebha. It became part of the independent state of Libya proclaimed on December 24, 1951
Ливия
FEZZAN (it.) (AD 1912–1934) Colony of Italy. It was formed as a result of the occupation by Italy of part of the Ottoman Empire on the territory. modern Libya. The capital is Sebha. Became part of the colony of Libya (it.)
Ливия
FIJI (AD 1970–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Fiji), until 1987 - dominion. Formed on the territory of modern Fiji as a result of Fiji's declaration of independence (UK). Capital - Suva
Fiji
FIJI (Brit.) (AD 1874-1970) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Fiji as a result of the annexation of the Kingdom of Fiji. Independence from Great Britain is proclaimed. Capital - Levuka (1874-1877), Suva (1877-1970)
Fiji
FINLAND (AD 1917–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Finland). Originated on the territory modern Finland as a result of separation from Soviet Russia (independence was proclaimed on December 6, 1917). Capital - Helsinki
Finland Россия (СЗФО)
FIRST BULGARIAN KINGDOM (AD 681–1018) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria as a result of the reconquest by the Proto-Bulgarian tribes led by Khan Asparuh of part of the territory of the Byzantine Empire. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire. Capitals - Pliska (681-893) Preslav (893-972), Skopje (972-992), Ohrid (992-1018)
Bulgaria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Hungary Greece Macedonia Молдавия Румыния Serbia Ukraine Черногория
FIVE DYNASTIES AND TEN KINGDOMS PERIOD IN CHINA (AD 907-960) The era of political upheavals in China on the territory of modern PRC, which began with the overthrow of the Tang dynasty and ended with the establishment of the Song dynasty
PRC (People's Republic Of China) Vietnam
FLORENTINE REPUBLIC (AD 1115–1532) State, feudal, oligarchic republic. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Florence. Transformed into Duchy of Florence
Italy
FORMOSA (Dutch) (AD 1624–1668) Possession of the Netherlands (Dutch East India Company). Educated on the territory modern Taiwan as a result of the construction of forts by the Dutch East India Company. It ceased to exist as a result of the invasion of Taiwan by the Chinese army and the creation of the Kingdom of Tungning. The capital is Zeelandia
Taiwan
FORMOSA (Sp.) (AD 1626–1642) Possession of Spain. Educated on the territory modern Taiwan as a result of the capture of the northern coast by Spain. Conquered by Formosa (Dutch). The capital is San Salvador
Taiwan
FRANCE (AD 987–1940},{1944–) State, capitalist (French Republic). (It was formed on the territory of modern France as a result of the renaming of the West Frankish Kingdom. As a result of the defeat in the 2nd World War, it was occupied by Germany and Italy, the French state was created on part of the territory (Vichy regime), part of the territory was annexed to Germany}, {Restored as a result of the victory of the anti-Hitler coalition over Germany.) The capital is Paris
Albania Andorra Belgium Croatia France Germany Ватикан Great Britain Greece Dominica Испания Italy Люксембург Мальта Монако Нидерланды Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Togo Trinidad and Tobago Switzerland
FRANCE (zone of German occupation) (AD 1940–1944) Territory of modern. France, temporarily occupied by Germany in World War II
France
FRANCE (zone of Italian occupation) (AD 1940–1944) Territory of modern. France, temporarily occupied by Italy in World War II
France
Frankish State (AD 481-843) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Germany in the process of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the conquest of the Roman province of Gaul by the Franks. The capital is Aachen. Divided into three states: West Frankish Kingdom, Middle Kingdom and East Frankish Kingdom
Austria Andorra Belgium Croatia France Germany Great Britain Hungary Испания Italy Liechtenstein Люксембург Монако Нидерланды Словения Croatia Switzerland
FREE CITY OF DANZIG (AD 1920–1939) City-state, republic. Educated on the territory modern Poland as a result of secession from Germany in accordance with the Treaty of Versailles under the protectorate of the League of Nations. Attached to Germany. The capital is Danzig (modern Gdansk)
Польша
FREE CITY OF FRANKFURT (AD 1813–1866) City-state. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the division of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt (it existed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1803–1806). In 1815-1866 he was a member of the German Confederation. Became part of Prussia. Capital - Frankfurt
Germany
FREE TERRITORY OF TRIESTE (AD 1947–1954) modern Italy by UN decision. The capital is Trieste. Divided between Italy and Yugoslavia
Italy Словения Croatia
FRENCH EQUATORIAL AFRICA (AD 1910-1958) Possession of France, federation of colonies. Formed on the territory of modern Gabon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo (Brazzaville) as a result of the unification of the colonies Gabon (Fr.), Ubangi-Shari-Chad (Fr.), Middle Congo (Fr.). It ceased to exist and was divided into the colonies of Ubangi-Shari (Fr.), Chad (Fr.), Congo (Fr.), Gabon (Fr.). Capital - Brazzaville
Central African Republic Chad Республика Конго Gabon Cameroon
FRENCH FLORIDA (AD 1562-1565) French colony. Formed on the territory of USA as a result of the base of the French Huguenots settlements. Spain conquered and became part of Spanish Florida. Capital - Fort Caroline
США
FRENCH INDIA (AD 1668-1956) Possession of France. Formed on the territory of India as a result of the gains of France. Capital - Pondichery. Became a part of India
India
FRENCH INDOCHINA (AD 1887–1940}, {1945–1954) Possession of French (Indochina Union). (Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam and Cambodia as a result of the unification of the French protectorates of Annam, Cambodia and the Cochin Khin colony; in 1889 - Laos (Fr.) was included, in 1898 - Guangzhouwan (Fr.). Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation. Independence from France was proclaimed and the independent states of Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam were formed). Capital - Hanoi
Cambodia Laos Vietnam PRC (People's Republic Of China)
FRENCH LOUISIANA (AD 1682-1762}, {1800-1803) French colony (as part of New France). (Formed on the territory of USA as a result of the colonization of the region by France. Became part of New Spain}, {Returned France. Given to the US). Capitals - Mobil (1702-1720), New Orleans (after 1723
Канада США
FRENCH OCCUPATION ZONE OF GERMANY (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of German territory occupied by France as a result of Germany's defeat in World War II. The Federal Republic of Germany was proclaimed on the territory of the British, French and American zones of occupation. The headquarters of the occupation troops is Baden-Baden
Germany
FRENCH OVERSEAS TERRITORY IN OCEANIA (AD 1880-1957) Possession of France. Formed on the territory of modern French Polynesia as a result of the unification of French possessions in Oceania. Capital - Papeete
French Polynesia
FRENCH POLYNESIA (AD 1957–) Possession of France (since 2004 - overseas community). Formed on the territory ща modern French Polynesia as a result of the renaming of the French possessions in Oceania. Capital - Papeete
French Polynesia
FRENCH SECTOR OF THE OCCUPATION OF BERLIN (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of the territory of Berlin occupied by France as a result of the defeat of Germany in the 2nd World War. A special political entity was created on the territory of the British, French and American sectors of occupation - West Berlin
Germany
FRENCH STATE (Vichy regime) (AD 1940–1944) Formed on the territory. Modern France. The collaborationist regime of France during its occupation by Nazi Germany. Capital - Vichy
France
FRENCH SUDAN (Fr.) (AD 1890-1895) Possession of France, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Mali as a result of the change of the colony of Upper Senegal (Fr.). It became part of French West Africa. Capital - Bamako
Mali Mauritania Niger
FRENCH WEST AFRICA (AD 1895-1958) Possession of France, federation of colonies. Formed on the territory of modern Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali and Senegal as a result of the unification of the colonies of French Sudan, Guinea (Fr.), Ivory Coast (Fr.) and Senegal (Fr.). It ceased to exist and was divided into the colonies of the Ivory Coast (Fr.), Upper Volta (Fr.), Guinea (Fr.), Dahomey (Fr.), Mauritania (Fr.), Niger (Fr.), Senegal (Fr. ), French Sudan. Capitals - St. Louis (1895-1902), Dakar (1902-1958)
Benin Burkina Faso Guinea Cabo Verde Côte d'Ivoire Mauritania Mali Niger Senegal Togo
FUNAN (AD 68-627) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Cambodia as the first Khmer state. Conquered by the state of Chenla. Disintegrated. The capital is Vadhyapura
Cambodia Myanma Thailand Vietnam Laos
FUTA JALLON (AD 1725-1891) Theocratic State (Imamat Futa Jallon). Formed on the territory of modern Guinea as a result of the Fula jihad. As a result of the establishment of the protectorate of France, it became part of Guinea (Fr.). Capital - Timbo
Guinea Guinea-Bissau

G

Историческая справка

Страна
GABON (AD 1960–) State, capitalist (Gabonese Republic). Formed on the territory of modern Gabon as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Gabon (Fr.). Capital - Libreville
Gabon
GABON (Fr.) (AD 1883-1886}, {1903-1910}, {1958-1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic (since 1958). (Formed on the territory of modern Gabon as a result of France's establishment of a protectorate over local tribes. It became part of the Congo colony (Fr.)}, {Withdrawn from the Congo (Fr.). It became part of French Equatorial Africa}, {Withdrawn from French Equatorial Africa. The independence of Gabon is proclaimed). Capital - Libreville
Gabon
GADES (1100–600 BC) City-state, colony, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Phoenicians on the territory. modern Spain Conquered by Carthage. Today in its place is the city of Cadiz
Испания
GALATIA (228–25 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. Originated on the territory modern Turkey (Separated from the Seleucid State). The capital is Ankira (modern Ankara). It became part of the Roman Empire
Турция
GALICIA-VOLYNIA PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1240–1392) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the fall of the Galicia-Volyn principality under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. The capitals are Galich (1240–1245), Lvov (1272–1349), Lutsk (1349–1387), Vladimir-Volynsky (1387–1392). Divided between Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Belarus Poland Ukraine
GALLIC EMPIRE (AD 260-274) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Francimi as a result of secession from the Roman Empire. The capital is Colonia Agrippina. It became part of the Roman Empire
Andorra Belgium France Great Britain Germany Испания Italy Люксембург Нидерланды Португалия Senegal Switzerland
GANDHARA (AD 700–515 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of Pakistan as a result of state formation in the Indian people of Gandhara. Capital — Taxila. Conquered the Achaemenid Persian Empire
Afghanistan India Pakistan
GANJA EMIRATE (AD 951–1071) State, feudal theocratic, Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Salarid State. Conquered by the Seljuk State. The capital is Ganja
Azerbaijan
GANJA KHANATE (AD 1747–1804) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Ganja
Azerbaijan Armenia
GAZNEVID STATE (AD 963–1186) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Afghanistan as a result of secession from the Samanid State. Capitals - Ghazni (963-1151), Lahore (1151-1187). Conquered by the Ghurid State
Afghanistan India Iran Казахстан Киргизстан Pakistan Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
GELA (690–280 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Destroyed by Syracuse
Italy
GELEDI (AD 1700-1889) State, monarchy (Sultanate of Geledi). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia as successor to Imamat Ajuran. It became part of Somalia (It.). Capital - Afgoye
Somalia
GEORGIA (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Georgia). Originated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Tbilisi
Georgia
GEORGIAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC (AD 1918–1921) State, capitalist. Educated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. The capital is Tbilisi. After the entry of Soviet troops and the proclamation of Soviet power, it was transformed into the Georgian SSR
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Турция
GEORGIAN KINGDOM (AD 1008-1245}, {1353-1466) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical. The capital is Tbilisi. (It arose on the territory of modern Georgia as a result of the unification of Georgian lands by Bagrat III on the basis of the Tao-Klardzhet Principality. Conquered by the Mongol Empire}, {Restored independence after the collapse of the Hulaguid State. Saatabago)
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Россия Турция
GEORGIAN SSR (AD 1921–1922, March) State, socialist (Georgian Socialist Soviet Republic). Educated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of the establishment of Soviet power in the Georgian Democratic Republic. The capital is Tbilisi. Became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR
Georgia
GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC (GDR) (AD 1949–1990) State, socialist. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the proclamation of the German Democratic Republic on the territory of the Soviet zone of occupation of Germany and the Soviet sector of the occupation of Berlin. It became part of Germany. Capital - East Berlin
Germany
GERMAN EAST AFRICA (AD 1885-1916) Possession of Germany, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of the colonization of the territory by the German East African Society and the transfer of the colonized lands to the protectorate of Germany. It was occupied by Great Britain and later (from 1919) it was transferred under the mandate control of Great Britain as Tanganyika (Brit.). Capital - Bagamoyo (until 1890), Dar es Salaam (from 1890)
Burundi Rwanda Tanzania
GERMAN NEW GUINEA (AD 1885-1914}, {1919-1919) Possession of Germany, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Papua New Guinea, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands (USA), Palau, Nauru as a result of the annexation of the northeast of New Guinea and other islands by Germany}, {Occupirwana by Australia (northeast of New Guinea Island, Nauru Island) and Japan (the rest of the islands). The occupation regime was terminated, transferred under the mandate control of Australia (New Guinea) and Japan (South Pacific Mandate). Capital - Finshafen (1885-1891), Friedrich-Wilhelm-Hafen (1891-1899), Herbertshohe (1899-1910), Rabaul (1910-1919)
Marshall Islands Nauru Palau Papua - New Guinea Solomon islands Federated States of Micronesia Northern Mariana Islands (USA)
GERMANY (AD 1871–1945}, {1949–) State, capitalist (until 1943 - the German Empire, since 1949 - the Federal Republic of Germany). (It originated on the territory of modern Germany as a result of the unification of the German states around Prussia. Divided into zones of occupation by the countries - winners in the 2nd World War: USSR, USA, Great Britain, France}, {Recreated on the territory of the zones of occupation of the USA, Great Britain and France ). Capitals - Berlin (in 1949-1990 - Bonn)
Austria Albania Belarus Belgium Czech Republic France Great Britain Germany Greece Denmark Latvia Lithuania Люксембург Macedonia Молдавия Нидерланды Норвегия Poland Португалия Россия (Калининград), (ЦФО), (СЗФО), (ЮФО), Serbia Словакия Словения Ukraine Черногория Estonia
GERMIYAN (AD 1300–1390}, {1402–1429) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). The capital is Kutahya
Турция
GERSIK PRINCIPALITY (AD 1190–1209) State, feudal, monarchical, specific principality (vassal of the Principality of Polotsk, from 1209 - Archbishopric of Riga). Originated on the territory modern Latvia as a result of secession from the Principality of Polotsk. The capital is Gertsik. Conquered by the Order of the Sword
Latvia
GHANA (AD 1957–) State, capitalist (Republic of Ghana). Formed on the territory of modern Ghana as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of the Gold Coast (Brit.). Capital - Accra
Ghana
GHANA EMPIRE (AD 300-1240) Ancient state (another name for Wagadu). Formed on the territory of modern Mali by the people of the soninka. Conquered by the Mali Empire. Capital - Kumbi-Sale
Mauritania Mali
GHIROKASTR (AD 1367–1417) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Gjirokastra). Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of secession from the Despotate of Epirus. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. Capital - Gjirokastra
Albania
GHURID SULTANATE (AD 1148–1215) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of Afghanistan as a result of separation from Ghaznavid Empire. Capital - Ghazni, Lahore. Conquered by the Khwarazmian Empire
Afghanistan Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan
GIBRALTAR (Brit.) (AD 1713–) Possession of Great Britain. Educated on the territory modern Gibraltar as a result of the British seizing the territory of Gibraltar from Spain. The capital is Gibraltar
Gibraltar
GILBERT AND ELLIS ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1892-1941}, {1943-1975) Possession of Great Britain, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Kiribati as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the Gilbert and Ellis Islands. Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation. Divided into the colonies of Gilbert Island (Brit.) and Tuvalu (Brit.). Capital - Tarawa
Kiribati Tuvalu Tokelau (New Zeal.)
GILBERT ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1976-1979) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Kiribati as a result of the division of the colony of Gilbert and Ellis Islands (Brit.) into Gilbert Islands (Brit.) and Tuvalu (Brit.). Independence from Great Britain was proclaimed and the Republic of Kiribati was created. Capital - South Tarawa
Kiribati Northern Mariana Islands (USA)
GIMERA (648-408 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Destroyed by Carthage
Italy
GLEAVISING (AD 450–942) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Gleevising). Founded by the Celts on the territory. modern Great Britain (in Wales). The capital is not defined. Merged with Gwent to form Morgannug
Great Britain
GODODIN (AD 470-638) State, feudal, monarchical. Based on the territory modern Great Britain (in the south of Scotland) by the Britons. The capitals are Traprine Low, Dean Eidin (modern Edinburgh). Conquered by Northumbria
Great Britain
GOGURYEO (37 BC–AD 668) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Republic of Korea as a result of the unification of tribal unions. Conquered by the State of Silla. Capitals - Gongne (15-427), Pyongyang (427-668)
PRC (People's Republic Of China) KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Republic Of Korea
GÖKTÜRK KHAGANATE (AD 682–745) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Mongolia as a result of the restoration of the independence of the former Eastern Turkic Khaganate and its separation from the Tang Empire. After the seizure of power by the Uygur tribes, it ceased to exist and was transformed into the Uyghur Khaganate. The capital was Ordu-Baliq
Россия PRC (People's Republic Of China) Mongolia
GOLCONDA SULTANATE (AD 1518–1687) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Bahmani Sultanate. Capital - Golconda. Conquered by the Mughal Emperor
India
GOLD COAST (Brit.) (AD 1821-1957) Possession of Great Britain, a colony. Formed on the territory of modern Ghana as a result of the conquest of part of the territory of the state of Ashanti. The independent state of Ghana is proclaimed. Capital - Accra
Ghana
GOLDEN HORDE (AD 1240–1481) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Russia in the process of the collapse of the Mongol Empire into a number of independent states. The capital was Sarai Batu. Separated into separate khanates
Казахстан Молдавия Россия PRC (People's Republic Of China) Румыния Таджикистан Узбекистан Ukraine
GORKHA (AD 1559–1768) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Gorkha) Originated on the territory of modern Nepal as a confederation of 24 principalities. After unification with other principalities, it was transformed into the Kingdom of Nepal. Capitals - Gorkha
Nepal
GORODENSKY PRINCIPALITY (AD 1101–1241) State, feudal, Slavic, specific principality. Originated on the territory modern Belarus as a result of separation from the Principality of Polotsk. Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Capital - Grodno
Belarus
GORTINA (900–67 BC) City-state. Born on the territory O. Crete (modern Greece) after the settlement of the island by the Dorians. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Greece
GORYEO (AD 918–1392) State, monarchical (in 1259–1368 a vassal of the Mongol Empire and the Mongol Yuan Empire). Originated on the territory modern North Korea and the Republic of Korea as a result of the fall of the state of Silla. As a result of the coming to power of the Joseon Dynasty, it was transformed into the Kingdom of Joseon. Capitals - Gaegyeong (936-1232), Ganghwa (1232-1270), Gaegyeong (1270-1392)
Republic Of Korea KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic)
GRAN COLOMBIA (AD 1819-1831) State Republic. It was born on the territory of Colombia, as a result of the defeat of Spain in the War of Independence and the independence of New Granada. It was divided into three states: New Granada, Venezuela and Ecuador. Capital - Bogota
Панама Colombina Brazil Ecuador Peru
GRANADA EMIRATE (AD 1012-1090}, {1238-1492) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. (It originated on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba (Emirate of the Zirids). Conquered by the Almoravid State}, {Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Almohad State. Conquered by Spain) Capital - Granada
Gibraltar Italy Мальта Марокко
GRAND DUCHTY OF FRANKFURT (AD 1810–1813) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the transformation of the Principality of Aschaffenburg and the accession to it of a number of territories occupied by France. Divided between the Free City of Frankfurt and Bavaria. Capital - Aschaffenburg
Germany
GRAND DUCHTY OF TUSCANY (AD 1569–1801}, {1815–1859) State, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of the renaming of the Florentine Duchy. Transformed into the Kingdom of Etruria}, {Restored after the end of the French occupation. Became part of the United Provinces of Central Italy). Capital - Florence
Italy
GREAT ARMENIA (190 BC - AD 387) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of secession from the Seleucid State. The capitals are Armavir (until the middle of the 2nd century BC), Artaxata (arm. Artashat) (middle of the 2nd century BC - AD 387), Tigranakert (77–56 BC), Vagharshapat (AD 163–330). Divided between the Persian Sassanid Empire and the Roman Empire. Most notable ruler: Tigranes II [95–56 BC]
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia Ирак Iran Ливан Сирия Турция
GREAT BRITAIN (AD 1707–) Capitalist, monarchical state (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland). Formed on the territory modern Great Britain as a result of the union of England with Scotland. Capital London
Aruba (Dutch) Great Britain Caribbean Netherlands Greece Jamaica Guadeloupe (Fr.) Grenada Ireland Martinique (Fr.) Reunion (Fr.) Senegal Saint Barthélemy (Fr.) Saint Lucia Saint Martin (Fr.) Sint Marten (Dutch) Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Fr.) Somalia Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Virgin Islands (USA)
GREAT BULGARIA (AD 632–671) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the unification of the Bolarian tribes. It ceased to exist as a result of the onslaught of the Khazars (the Bulgarian hordes migrated beyond the Danube). Capital - Phanagoria
Россия, (ЮФО), Ukraine
GREAT LEBANON (fr.) (AD 1920–1926) Mandate territory of the League of Nations administered by France (State of Greater Lebanon). Formed on the territory of Syria (zone of British-French occupation). The capital is Beirut. Transformed into a mandated territory of the League of Nations under the administration of France Lebanon (fr.)
Ливан
GREAT MORAVIA (AD 833–906) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Czech Republic as a result of the unification of Slavic tribes. The capital is Mikulchitsy. Disintegrated as a result of defeat from the Hungarian tribes
Austria Croatia Hungary Germany Poland Румыния Serbia Словакия Словения Ukraine CZECH REPUBLIC
GREAT PRINCIPALITY OF LITHUANIA (AD 1236–1569) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Lithuania as a result of the unification of Lithuanian lands by Prince Mindovg. It united with Poland in the confederation of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Capital - Vilnius
Belarus Latvia Lithuania Молдавия Poland Россия
Россия (ЦФО)
Россия (СЗФО) Ukraine Estonia
GREECE (AD 1830–1941}, {1944–) Capitalist state (the Hellenic Republic, until 1973 - the Kingdom of Greece). (It was formed on the territory of modern Greece as a result of separation from the Ottoman Empire. Occupied by Germany, Italy, Bulgaria}, {Freed from occupation.) Capital - Athens
Greece
GREEK-BACTRIAN KINGDOM (256–125 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. Originated on the territory modern Afghanistan as a result of secession from the Seleucid State. The capital is Baktra. Destroyed by the nomadic tribes of the Tokhars, the heirs of the Greco-Bactrian kings founded the Indo-Greek kingdom
Afghanistan India Iran Казахстан Киргизстан Pakistan Таджикистан Туркменистан Узбекистан
GRENADA (AD 1974–) State, capitalistic. Formed on the territory. modern Grenada as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Grenada (Brit.). Capital - Saint Georges
Grenada
GRENADA (Brit.) (AD 1962-1974) Possession of Great Britain (since 1967 - a state associated with Great Britain). Formed on the territory. modern Grenada as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.). The independent state of Grenada is proclaimed. Capital - Saint Georges
Grenada
GRENADA (Fr.) (AD 1649-1762}, {1779-1833) Possession of France, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Grenada as a result of the conquest of the island of Grenada by France. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Became part of the British Windward Isles). Capital - Saint Georges
Grenada
GRIKVALAND EAST (AD 1862-1879) State of Griqua (from 1874 - British possession). Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the relocation of the Griqua group to no man's land. It became part of the Cape Colony (Brit.). Capital - Kokstad
RSA
GRIKVALAND WEST (AD 1870-1871) State of Griqua. Formed on the territory modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the seizure of the territory of the Hoi-Hoi and Bushmen peoples by the Griqua group. It became part of the Cape Colony (Brit.). Capital - Kimberley
RSA
GUADELOUPE (Fr.) (AD 1674-1759}, {1763-1810}, {1814-) Possession of France, overseas department. (Formed on the territory of modern Guadeloupe (Fr.) as a result of the conquest of the island by France. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation). Capital - Bas-Ter
Guadeloupe (Fr.) Saint Barthélemy (Fr.) Saint Martin (Fr.)
GUAM (Sp.) (AD 1668-1898) Possession of Spain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Guam (USA) as a result of the declaration of the island as a Spanish colony. Transferred to the USA
Guam (USA)
GUAM (USA) (AD 1898–1941}, {1944–) Possession of the USA (Territory of Guam). (Formed on the territory of modern Guam (USA) as a result of the transfer of the island of Guam (Spanish) to the USA. Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation. Returned to the USA). Capital - Hagatna
Guam (USA)
GUATEMALA (AD 1840-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Guatemala). Formed on the territory of Nicaragua, following the withdrawal of the Federal Republic of Central America. Capital - Guatemala
Гватемала
GUIANA (Brit.) (AD 1831-1966) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Guyana as a result of the unification of the colonies of Essequibo-Demerara and Berbis (until 1814 - belonged to the Netherlands). The independent state of Guyana is proclaimed. Capital - Georgetown
Guyana
GUIANA (Fr.) (AD 1797–1809}, {1817–) Possession of France, overseas department. (Formed on the territory of modern Guiana (Fr.) as a result of the conquest by France. Occupied by Portugal}, {Returned. France). Capital - Cayenne
Guiana (Fr.)
GUINEA (AD 1958–) State, capitalist (Republic of Guinea). Formed on the territory of modern Guinea as a result of the secession from French West Africa and the declaration of independence from France. Capital - Conakry
Guinea
GUINEA (Fr.) (AD 1891–1895) Possession of France, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Guinea as a result of renaming the colony Rivières du Sud (Fr.) into Guinea (Fr.). It became part of French West Africa. Capital - Conakry
Guinea
GUINEA (Port.) (AD 1879-1973) Possession of Portugal, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Guinea-Bissau as a result of separation from the Cape Verde Island (Port). Capital - Bolama (1879-1942), Bissau (1942-1973)
Guinea-Bissau
GUINEA (Sp.) (AD 1778-1968) Possession of Spain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Equatorial Guinea as a result of the Spanish conquest of the island of Fernando Po. Equatorial Guinea proclaimed its independence. Capital - Santa Isabel
Equatorial Guinea
GUINEA-BISSAU (AD 1973–) Capitalist state (Republic of Guinea-Bissau). Formed on the territory of modern Guinea-Bissau as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Portugal Guinea (Port.). Capital - Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
GUJARAT SULTANATE (AD 1407–1573) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Delhi Sultanate. Capitals - Anhilwad Patan (1407–1411), Ahmedabad (1411–1484, 1535–1573), Muhammadabad (1484–1535). Conquered by the Mughal Emperor
India
GUPTA EMPIRE (AD 320–600) The State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the proclamation of the king representative Gupta Chandragupta I. Capital - Pataliputra. Disintegrated
Bangladesh India Myanmar Nepal Pakistan
GURIAN PRINCIPALITY (AD 1463–1555) State, feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the collapse of the Georgian kingdom. The capital is Ozurgeti. Fell into vassalage from the Ottoman Empire
Georgia
GURJARA-PRATIHARA (AD 647–1036) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of collapse of the Empire of Harsha. Capital - Kannauj. Won Ghaznavid Empire
Bangladesh India Nepal
GUYANA (AD 1966–) State, capitalistic, republic (Cooperative Republic of Guyana). Formed on the territory. modern Guyana as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in Guiana (Brit.). Capital - Georgetown
Guyana
GWENT (AD 500–942) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Gwent). Founded by the Celts on the territory. modern Great Britain (in Wales). The capitals are Cairwent, Portskevet. Merged with Gleevising to form Morgannug
.
Great Britain
Gwynedd (AD 440–1216) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Gwynedd). Based on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) by the leader of the Celtic tribe of Votadins Kuneda. The capitals are Deganui, Aberfrau, Hart-Kälin. Changed to Principality of Wales
Great Britain

H

Историческая справка

Страна
HABSBURG EMPIRE (AD 1526–1804) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Austria as a result of the accession to the Archduchy of Austria of the Czech Republic and Hungary. The capital is Vienna. Transformed into the Austrian Empire
Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Czech Republic Hungary Italy Польша Румыния Сербия Словакия Словения Ukraine Черногория
HADHRAMAUT (750 BC – AD 280) State, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of Yemen. Сonquered by Himyar. Capital — Shabwa
Йемен
HAFSIDI STATE (AD 1237-1574) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Tunisia in part of the territory of the Almohad State. The capital is Tunis. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
HAITI (AD 1804–1915}, {1936–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Haiti; in 1804–1806, 1849–1859 - Empire of Haiti, in 1806–1811 - State of Haiti, 1811–1820 - Kingdom of Haiti). (Formed on the territory of modern Haiti as a result of the proclamation of independence from France in the colony of San Domingo (Fr.). Occupied by the USA}, {Termination of the occupation). Capital - Port-au-Prince
Dominican Republic Haiti
HAMAT (1000–732 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Syria. Educated by the Arameans. The capital is Hamat (modern Hama). Conquered by Assyria "">
HAMBURG (AD 1806–1807},{1814–1871) City-state (Free and Hanseatic city of Hamburg). (It was formed on the territory of modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (it was formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1510). Attached to France}, {Recreated. Became part of united Germany). In 1815-1866 he was a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 he was a member of the North German Confederation. Capital - Hamburg
Germany
HAMID (AD 1300–1390}, {1402–1425) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capital - Egerdir
HAN (206 BC – AD 9}, {AD 24–220) Ancient state (Han Empire). (Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the overthrow of the Qin dynasty. Power transfer to the Xin dynasty}, {Restoration of the Han dynasty (Eastern Han). Broken up into the kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu. Capital - Chang'an, Luoyang
Vietnam PRC (People's Republic Of China) KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Mongolia Republic Of Korea
HANOVER (AD 1814–1866) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Hanover). Formed on the territory modern Germany, as a result of the defeat of Napoleon in the territory of the former Electorate of Hanover (part of the Holy Roman Empire), included part of the territory of Prussia and the regions occupied by France. In 1815-1866 he was a member of the German Confederation. Became part of Prussia. Capital is Hannover
HANTHAWADDY (AD 1287–1552) State, monarchical (other names - Pegu, Ramannadesa). Formed on the territory modern Myanmar as a result of secession from the state of Bagan. It became part of the kingdom of Taungoo. Capital - Tathoun (1287-1369), Pegu (1369-1539)
Myanmar
HARAPPA (2600 –1700 BC) City State Indus Valley Civilization, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of Pakistan. Aryan tribes destroyed
HAWAII (AD 1810-1898) State (until 1984 - the Kingdom of Hawaii, from 1894 - Republic of Hawaii). Formed on the territory of US merger Hawaii King Kamehameha I. Islands became part of the United States (since 1959 - the state). Capital - Laayna (up to 1845), Honolulu (after 1845)
HELVETIC REPUBLIC (AD 1798–1803) State, capitalist. Educated on the territory modern Switzerland as a result of the transformation of Switzerland as a result of the Napoleonic Wars. Changed to Switzerland. Capital - Bern
HEPHTHALITE EMPIRE (AD 420–567) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Afghanistan as a result of the conquest of Hephthalites (White Huns) part of the territory of Sasanian Empire. Conquered by Sasanian Empire
Afghanistan India Iran Казахстан Киргизия PRC (People's Republic Of China) Pakistan Таджикистан Туркмения Узбекистан" "
HERACLEA (550–88 BC) City-state (Heraclea Pontica), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Turkey. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus. Now - the city of Eregli (Türkiye)
HERETI (787–959 AD) State, feudal, monarchical, Georgian. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Abbasid Caliphate. Conquered by the Kakhetian kingdom. Capital - Sheki
HERMONASSA (500–480 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from about. Lesbos on the territory modern Russia. Became part of the Bosporan kingdom
HERZEGOVINA (AD 1448–1482) State, feudal, monarchical (Duchy of Herzegovina). Originated on the territory modern Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of secession from Bosnia. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. Capital - Mostar
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Сербия Черногория" "
HESSEN (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy of Hesse, from 1816 — Grand Duchy of Hesse and on the Rhine). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the transformation of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt. In 1806–1813 he was a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815–1866 he was a member of the German Confederation, in 1867–1871 he was partly a member of the North German Confederation (Upper Hesse). Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Darmstadt
Germany
HESSEN-KASSEL (AD 1813–1866) State, monarchical (Electorate of Hesse-Kassel). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the division of the Kingdom of Westphalia (it existed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1803–1806). In 1815-1866 he was a member of the German Confederation. Became part of Prussia. Capital - Kassel
Germany
HETMANSHINA (AD 1649–1654) State, feudal, Ukrainian; a republic with elements of a monarchy (the official name is the Zaporozhye Host). It arose on the territory. modern Ukraine as a result of an uprising led by Bogdan Khmelnitsky and separation from the Commonwealth. Attached to the Russian kingdom (the Hetmanate existed as part of the Russian Empire until 1764). Capitals - Chigirin, Gadyach, Baturin, Glukhov
Belarus Молдавия Россия (ЦФО) Ukraine " "
HIJAZ (AD 1910–1926) State, feudal, theocratic, Muslim (Kingdom of Hijaz). Charged on the territory. modern Saudi Arabia as a result of secession from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Mecca. Became part of the Kingdom of Nejd and Hijaz
HIMYAR (110 BC – AD 525) State slave, monarchic (Himyarite Kingdom). Arose in the territory of Yemen by combining himyarite tribes. Conquered the Kingdom of Aksum. From 4 century Judaism became the state religion. Capital — Zafar
Hobyo (AD 1878-1889) State, monarchy (Sultanate Hobyo). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia as a result of the conquest of the Sultanate of Majirtin. It became part of Somalia (It.). Capital - Hobyo
Somalia
HOGENZOLLERN-HECHINGEN (AD 1806–1850) State, monarchical (Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1623 as a result of the transformation of the County of Hohenzollern-Hechingen). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1850 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of Prussia. Capital: Hechingen
Germany
HOGENZOLLERN-SIGMARINGEN (AD 1806–1850) State, monarchical (Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1623 as a result of the transformation of the County of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1850 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of Prussia. Capital - Sigmaringen
Germany
HOLSTEIN (AD 1110–1386}, {1474–1863) State, feudal (County (since 1474 duchy) of Holstein). (It originated on the territory of modern Germany as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Merged with the Duchy of Schleswig, forming the County of Schleswig-Holstein},{Recreated as a result of the division of the County of Schleswig-Holstein as the Duchy of Holstein. became part of Prussia). It was repeatedly in vassalage from Denmark or the Holy Roman Empire. Capital is Kiel
Germany
HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE (AD 962–1232/1806) State, feudal, monarchical (Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation). Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the adoption of the title of emperor by the king of the German Kingdom Otto I. As a real state existed until AD 1232, it broke up into separate, virtually independent principalities. Officially liquidated in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars
Austria Belgium Croatia Czech Republic France Germany Italy Lithuania Liechtenstein Люксембург Монако Нидерланды Польша Россия (Калининград обл.) Словения France Швейцария" "
HONDURAS (AD 1838-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Honduras). Formed on the territory of Honduras, following the withdrawal of the Federal Republic of Central America. Capital - Tegucigalpa
HONG KONG (Brit.) (AD 1841-1941}, {1945-1997) Possession of Great Britain. (Formed on the territory of of modern PRC as a result of Britain's secession of Hong Kong Island from the Chinese Qing Empire. Occupied by Japan}, {Returned to Great Britain. Attached to PRC). Capital - Victoria
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
HORMUZ (port.) (AD 1507–1622) Possession of Portugal. Formed as a result of the conquest by Portugal of part of the territory of the Ak-Koyunlu State. Conquered by the Persian Safavid Empire
Iran
HOWLAND ISLAND (Brit.) (AD 1886-1935) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Howland Island (USA) as a result of the annexation of the island from the USA by Great Britain. Transferred to the USA
Howland Island (USA)
HOWLAND ISLAND (USA) (AD 1857–1886}, {1935–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). (Formed on the territory of modern Howland Island (USA) as a result of the annexation of the island by the USA. Annexed by Great Britain}, {Returned to the USA)
Howland Island (USA)
HOYSALA EMPIRE (AD 1026–1343) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of separation from Western Chalukyas. Capital - Halebidu. Won Vijayanagara Empire
India
HULAGUID STATE (AD 1256–1353) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of separation from the Mongol Empire by the grandson of Genghis Khan Hulagu Khan. The capitals are Maragha, Tabriz, Soltaniye. It broke up into several states (the State of the Jalairids, the State of the Mozafferids, etc.
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Bahrain Georgia Ирак Iran Кувейт Pakistan Россия (ЮФО) Таджикистан Туркмения Турция" "
HUNGARY (AD 1000–1526},{1918–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Hungary). (It originated on the territory of modern Hungary as a result of the invasion of Hungarian tribes and the formation of the Kingdom of Hungary. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire, since 1687 as part of the Habsburg Empire}, {Revived as a result of the collapse of Austria-Hungary, in 1949-1989 - the Hungarian People's Republic). Capitals - Esztergom (1000-1242), Buda (1242-1323, 1350-1541), Vysehrad (1323-1350), Budapest (since 1918)
Austria Bulgaria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Czech Republic Hungary Польша Румыния Сербия Словакия Словения Ukraine
HYSTRIA (657–71 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical, Greek colony. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Romania. Conquered by the Roman Republic

I

Историческая справка

Страна
IBERIA (300 BC - AD 580) State, slaveholding, monarchical (Kingdom of Iberia). Originated on the territory modern Georgia. From BC 83 a vassal of the Roman Republic, then the Roman Empire, from AD 387 to the Persian Empire of the Sassanids. Conquered by the Persian Sassanid Empire. Capitals - Armazi, Mtskheta, Tbilisi (from 400)
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Турция" "
ICELAND (AD 930–1262},{1918–) State, capitalist (Icelandic Republic, in 1918-1944 - Kingdom of Iceland). (Founded on the territory of modern Iceland by settlers from Norway. Attached to Norway}, {separated from Denmark as the Kingdom of Iceland in a personal union with Denmark, since 1944 - the Republic of Iceland). Capital is Reykjavik
Iceland
IDALION (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus
IFNI (Spanish) (AD 1860–1969) Possession of Spain. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the conquest by Spain of part of the territory of the Sultanate of Morocco. The capital is Sidi Ifni. Transferred to Morocco
ILION (190–128 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Withdrew from the State of the Seleucids. Became part of the Roman Republic. It was located on the site of ancient Troy.
ILISU SULTANATE (AD 1747–1804) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. Capital - Ilisu
Azerbaijan
Illyrian provinces (fr.) (AD 1809–1813) Autonomous region of France. Educated on the territory modern Slovenia as a result of the cession of part of the territory by the Austrian Empire to France. The capital is Ljubljana. Annexed to the Austrian Empire
Austria Croatia Greece Italy Словения Черногория" "
IMERETIAN KINGDOM (AD 1466–1555) State, feudal, monarchical. The capital is Kutaisi. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the collapse of the Georgian kingdom. Fell into vassalage from the Ottoman Empire
Georgia
IMERETIAN KINGDOM (osm.) (AD 1555–1804) State, feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the falling of the Imeretian kingdom into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Kutaisi. Became part of the Russian Empire
Georgia
IMERINA (AD 1540-1817) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Madagascar as a result of the conquest of the territories of central Madagascar by King Alasora Andriamanelo. As a result of the unification by the King of Imerina of all the states of the island of Madagascar into a single kingdom, the Kingdom of Madagascar was created. Capital - Tananarive
Madagascar
INCA EMPIRE (AD 1438-1533) State, slave, monarchical. It was born on the territory of Peru, through the Kuzko conquest of the nabour lands. The capital - Kuzko. It conquered Spain in 1533, became part of Peru (Sp.)
Argentina Boliviina Colombina Peru Chile Ecuador
INDEPENDENT STATE OF CROATIA (AD 1941–1945) State, republic, satellite of Nazi Germany. Educated on the territory modern Croatia with the support of the countries of the Nazi bloc and their allies after the occupation of the rest of the territory of Yugoslavia. It became part of Yugoslavia. Capital - Bratislava
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Сербия
INDIA (AD 1947 -) State. (Republic of India). Formed on the territory of India as a result of withdrawal from the British India and the declaration of independence from Great Britain (until 1950 - Union of India). Capital - Delhi
India
INDO-GREEK KINGDOM (180 BC – AD 10) State Hellenistic slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of Afghanistan as a result of separation from the Greco-Bactrian kingdom. Capitals — Alexandria in the Caucasus, Sirkap, Sagala, Charsadda. Conquered by the Indo-Scythian kingdom
Afghanistan India Pakistan" "
INDONESIA (AD 1949–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Indonesia). Formed on the territory of modern Indonesia as a result of withdrawal from the declaration of independence from the Netherlands in the Dutch East Indies (proclaimed in 1945, recognized by the Netherlands in 1949). Capital - Jakarta
Eastern Timor Indonesia
INDO-PARTHIAN KINGDOM (20 BC – AD 30) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of Pakistan as a result of separation from Parthia. Capitals — Taxila, Kabul. Conquered by the Kushan Empire
Afghanistan Pakistan" "
INDO-SCYTHIAN KINGDOM (85 BC – AD 400) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of Afghanistan as a result of the conquest of the tribes of Saks Indo-Greek kingdom. Capitals — Sigal, Taxila, Mathura. Conquered by Gupta Empire
Afghanistan India Pakistan" "
INJUID STATE (AD 1335-1357) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Hulaguid State. Conquered by the Muzaffarid State. Capitals - Shiraz, Isfahan
Iran
IONIAN REPUBLIC (Brit.) (AD 1815–1864) Greek state, protectorate of Great Britain. Formed on the territory modern Greece as a result of the liberation of the Ionian Islands from French occupation. The capital is Kerkyra. Became part of Greece
Greece
IRAN (AD 1935–) State, Islamic Republic (Islamic Republic of Iran; until 1979 - monarchy). Originated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the renaming of Persia. Capital - Tehran
Iran
IRAQ (AD 1932–) State, capitalist (AD 1932–1958 — Kingdom of Iraq, since AD ​​1958 — Republic of Iraq). Educated on the territory modern Iraq in the mandated territory of the League of Nations under the British administration of Iraq (brit.). Capital - Baghdad
IRAQ (British Occupation Zone) (AD 1918–1920) Territory occupied by Great Britain. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire on the territory of modern. Iraq. The capital is Baghdad. Converted to Iraq (UK)
IRAQ (British) (AD 1920–1932) British-ruled League of Nations mandate. (since AD ​​1921 - the Kingdom of Iraq). Educated on the territory Iraq in (zone of British occupation). The capital is Baghdad. The independent Syrian Republic was proclaimed in 1932
IRELAND (AD 1919–) State, capitalist (Republic of Ireland). Educated on the territory modern Ireland as a result of secession from Great Britain. The capital is Dublin
Ireland
ISAAC (AD 1750-1884) State, monarchy (Sultanate of Isaac). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia by the Isaac clan. Established a protectorate of Great Britain and became part of Somalia (Britain). Capital - Hargeisa
Somalia
ISENBURG (AD 1806–1814) State, monarchical (Principality of Isenburg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire. Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. Divided between Hesse and Hesse-Kassel. Capital - Isenburg
Germany
ISFENDIAROGULLARY (AD 1292–1393}, {1402–1461) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capital - Kastamonu
ISIN (2017–1794 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Born on the territory modern Iraq. Conquered by Larsa
ISLAND OF BOURBON (Fr.) (AD 1764-1793}, {1815-1848) Possession of France. (Formed on the territory of modern. Reunion (Fr.) as a result of the transfer of the island from the French East India Company of France. Renamed to Reunion (Fr.)}, {Liberated from the occupation of Great Britain, the possession of the Island of Bourbon (Fr.) was restored. Renamed to Reunion (Fr.)). Capital - Saint-Denis
Reunion (Fr.)
ISLE DE FRANCE (Fr.) (AD 1715-1810) Possession of France, colony (until 1767 - under the control of the French East India Company. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritius as a result of French colonization of the island. Conquered by Great Britain with the formation of the colony of Mauritius (Brit.) Capital - Port Louis
Mauritius Seychelles
ISMAILITE STATE (AD 1090–1256) State, theocratic Muslim. Charged on the territory. modern Iran as a result of separation from the Seljuk state. The capital is Alamaut. Conquered by the Hulaguid State
Iran
ISRAEL (AD 1948–) State, capitalist (State of Israel). Educated on the territory modern Israel May 14, 1948 in the mandated territory of the League of Nations under British administration Palestine (brit.). Capital - Jerusalem
ITALIAN EASTERN AFRICA (AD 1936-1941) Possession of Italy. Formed on the terr. modern Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somalia as a result of Italy's occupation of Ethiopia and its unification with the colonies of Eritrea (It.) and Somalia (It.). Occupied by Great Britain. Capital - Addis Ababa
Ethiopia Eritrea Somalia
ITALY (AD 1861–) State, capitalist. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the unification of the Italian states around the Sardinian Kingdom. The capital is Rome
Albania Croatia France Greece Ватикан Italy France Сербия Словения Черногория)" "
IVORY COAST (AD 1960-1985) Capitalist state (Republic of Ivory Coast). Formed on the territory of modern Côte d'Ivoire as a result of the declaration of independence from France by the Ivory Coast (Fr.). Renamed Cote d'Ivoire. Capital - Abidjan (until 1983), Yamoussoukro (from 1983)
Côte d'Ivoire
IVORY COAST (Fr.) (AD 1889-1895}, {1958-1959) Possession of France, colony and protectorate. (Formed on the territory of modern. Côte d'Ivoire as a result of separation from the colony of Riviere du Sud (Fr.). It became part of French West Africa}, {Withdrawn from French West Africa. Independence of the Ivory Coast was proclaimed) Capital - Abidjan
Burkina Faso Côte d'Ivoire

J

Историческая справка

Страна
JABEL SHAMMAR (AD 1836–1921) State, theocratic, Muslim (Emirate of Jabal Shammar). Originated on the territory modern Saudi Arabia as a result of secession from the Emirate of Najd. The capital is Ha'il. Became part of the Sultanate of Nejd
JAFFNA (AD 1215–1619) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Jaffna). Originated on the territory modern Sri Lanka as a result of secession from the state of Pandya. Entered Ceylon (Port.). The capital is Nallur
Sri Lanka
JALAIRID STATE (AD 1335–1432) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Hulaguid State. Conquered by the Kara Koyunlu State
Azerbaijan Ирак Иран Турция" "
JAMAICA (AD 1962–) State capitalistic. Formed on the territory of modern Jamaica as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.) and the proclamation of the independent state of Jamaica. Capital - Kingston
Jamaica
JAMAICA (Brit.) (AD 1670-1958) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Jamaica as a result of Spain's transfer of the island of Jamaica to Great Britain. Joined the West Indies Federation (Brit.). Capital - Kingston
Jamaica Cayman Islands (Brit.) Turks and Caicos Islands (Brit.)
JAPAN (660 BC –) State monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Japan the legendary Emperor Jimmu. The capital is Tokyo (from 1869)
Federated States of Micronesia Japan Guam (USA) Kiribati Marshall Islands Nauru Northern Mariana Islands (USA) Palau Solomon Islands Tuvalu Wake Island (USA)
JARVIS ISLAND (Brit.) (AD 1889-1935) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Jarvis Island (USA) as a result of the annexation of the island from the USA by Great Britain. Transferred to the USA
Jarvis Island (USA)
JARVIS ISLAND (USA) (AD 1858–1889}, {1935–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). (Formed on the territory of modern Jarvis Island (USA) as a result of the annexation of the island by the USA. Annexed by Great Britain}, {Returned to the USA)
Jarvis Island (USA)
JAUNPUR SULTANATE (AD 1399–1479) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Delhi Sultanate. Capital - Jaunpur. Won Delhi Sultanate
India
JEBEL DRUZE (fr.) (AD 1921–1922}, {1927–1936) Mandate territory of the League of Nations under the control of France (AD 1921–1922 - Jebel Druz Region, AD 1927–1936 - State of Jebel Druz). (Formed on the territory of modern Syria. Separated from Damascus (fr.). Renamed Suwayda (fr.)}. {Formed as a result of renaming from Suwayda (fr.). Became part of Syria (fr.)). The capital is Es-Suwayda
JIN (AD 266-420) Ancient state, empire. Formed on the territory. modern PRC, founded by the military leader Sima Yan. After the transfer of power to Liu Yu, the state of Liu Song was formed in the south, and the state of Northern Wei was formed in the north. Capitals - Luoyang, Jiankang
КНР Vietnam Mongolia
JIN EMPIRE (AD 1115–1234) State, monarchy. Educated on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the conquest of the northern part of the Song Empire by the Jurchens. Conquered by the Mongol Empire. Capitals - Huiningfu (1122-1153), Zhongdu (1153-1214), Kaifeng (1214-1233)
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
JOHNSTON ATOLL (USA) (AD 1858––) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). Formed on the territory of modern Johnston Atoll (USA) as a result of the annexation of the USA
Johnston Atoll (USA)
JOHOR (AD 1511–1914) State, feudal (Sultanate of Johor). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of its founding by the son of the Sultan of the Malacca Sultanate, conquered by Portugal. Included in the protectorate of the Unfederated Malay States (Brit.). Capital - Panchor (1700-1708), Pekan (1788-1795), Singapore (1819-1824)
Indonesia Malaysia Singapore
JORDAN (AD 1946–) State, capitalist (Jordanian Hashemite Kingdom). Educated on the territory modern Jordan May 25, 1946 in the mandated territory of the League of Nations under British administration Palestine (brit.). Capital is Amman
JOSEON (AD 1392–1897) State, monarchical (State of Great Joseon). Originated on the territory modern North Korea and the Republic of Korea as a result of the coming to power of the Joseon Dynasty in the state Goryeo. As a result of the proclamation of the empire by the king of the kingdom of Joseon, it was transformed into the Korean Empire. Capital - Seoul
KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Republic Of Korea

K

Историческая справка

Страна
KADAMBA (AD 345-543) The State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territoryof India as a result of separation from Pallava Empire. Capital - Banavasi. State won Chalukya
India
KAFFA (Genoese) (AD 1266–1475) City-state, colony of the Republic of Genoa. Born on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from the Golden Horde. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. The modern city of Feodosia
KAFFRARIA (Brit.) (AD 1835-1866) Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the British conquest of the territory of the Kos tribes. Annexed to the Cape Colony (Brit.). Capital - King Williams Town
RSA
KAKATIYA (AD 1083–1323) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of separation from Eastern and Western Chalukyas Capital - Orugallu. Сeased to exist
India
KAKHETI KINGDOM (AD 637–1106}, {1466–1555) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Georgia as a result of separation from the Persian Sassanid Empire. Attached to the Kingdom of Georgia}, {Restored independence as a result of the collapse of the Kingdom of Georgia. Fell into vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids). Capitals - Gremi, Telavi
Azerbaijan gs_748"> Cambodia Georgia Laos Vietnam PRC (People's Republic Of China)
KAKHETI KINGDOM (osm.) (AD 1590–1612}, {AD 1724–1735) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. (It arose on the territory of modern Georgia as a result of the Kakhetian kingdom (Persian) falling into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. It passed into vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids},{It passed into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. It passed into vassal dependence on the Persian state Safavids). The capitals are Gremi, Telavi
Azerbaijan Georgia
KAKHETI KINGDOM (pers.) (AD 1555–1590}, {AD 1612–1724}, {1735–1762) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Persian state of the Safavids. (It arose on the territory of modern Georgia as a result of the Kingdom of Kakheti falling into vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids. It became vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire}, {It became vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids. It became vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire}, { Passed into vassalage from the Persian state of the Safavids, united with the Kakhetian kingdom (Persian), forming the Kartli-Kakhetian kingdom). The capitals are Gremi, Telavi
Armenia Azerbaijan Georgia
KALIBANGAN (2600 –1700 BC) City State Indus Valley Civilization, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India. Aryan tribes destroyed
India
KALINGA (700–260 BC},{220 BC–AD 600) State, a slave, a monarchist. (Arose in the territory of India. Conquered the Maurya Empire},{Separated from the Mauryan Empire. Fell into disrepair)
India
KAMARUPA (AD 350-1140) The State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territoryof India. Сeased to exist
Bhutan India
KANDY (AD 1469–1581},{1593–1815) State, monarchical (Kandy Kingdom) (Born in the territory of modern Sri Lanka as a result of separation from the state of Kotte. Conquered by the Kingdom of Sitawaka},{Recreated as a result of the transfer of power in the Kingdom Sitawaka became part of Ceylon (Brit.)). Capital is Kandy
Sri Lanka
KANEM-BORNU (AD 700-1893) State, feudal, monarchy. Born on the territory of modern Nigeria around Lake Chad. Broken up. Capital - Ngazargami
Nigeria Chad Cameroon
KANVA DYNASTY (755-30 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the seizure of power in the Sunga dynasty Kanva. Capitals - Paliputra, Vidisha. Won Satavahana Empire
Bangladesh India Myanmar Nepal
KARABAKH KHANATE (AD 1747–1805) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capitals are Bayat (1747-1751), Shahbulag (1751), Shusha (since 1751)
Azerbaijan Armenia
KARA-KHANID KHANATE (AD 840–1040) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the collapse of Uyghur Khaganate, formed by Turkic tribes, yagma and chigili. The capitals were Balasagun, Kashgar. It was split into Western Kara-Khanid Khanate and Estern Kara-Khanid Khanate
Казахстан Киргизия Таджикистан Узбекистан PRC (People's Republic Of China) Mongolia
KARAMAN (AD 1307–1390},{1403–1419},{1421–1483) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of the collapse of the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate},{Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Mamluk State},{Withdrawn from the Mamluk State. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire). Capitals - Karaman (1256-1483), Alaiye (Alanya) (1293-1471)
KARLUK KHANATE (AD 960–1222) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed in the territory of modern Kazakhstan as a result of separation from Kara-Khanid Khanate. Vassal Kara-Khanid Khanate (up to 1130), Qara Khitai (1130–1200). The capitals were Koilik (960–1222), Almalyk (1200–1222). Conquered by Mongol Empire
Казахстан PRC (People's Republic Of China)
KARLUK YABGHU (AD 756–940) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the seizure of power by the tribes of Karluks in the Turgesh Kaganate. The capitals were Suyab, Balasagun. Has become a part of Kara-Khanid Khanate
Казахстан Киргизия Таджикистан Узбекистан PRC (People's Republic Of China)
KASTRIOTI (AD 1389–1444) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Kastrioti). Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of secession from Zeta. Became part of the Lega League. Capital - Kruya
Albania
KATANA (729–241 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Conquered by the Roman Republic. Currently - the city of Catania
Italy
KAZAKH KHANATE (AD 1465–1847) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Kazakhstan as a result of secession from Moghulistan. Became part of the Russian Empire. Capitals - Chingi-Tura, Orda-Bazar (1465–1469, 1511–1521), Sygnak (1469–1511, 1521–1599), Turkestan (1599–1847)
KAZAKH SULTANATE (AD 1747–1801) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Kazakh
Azerbaijan Armenia
KAZAKHSTAN (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Kazakhstan). Originated in the territory of modern Kazakhstan as a result of the collapse of USSR. The capitals were Almaty (up to 1997), Astana (from 1997; from March 2019 to September 2022 was called Nur-Sultan)
Kazan Khanate (AD 1438–1552) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Russia in the process of disintegration of the Golden Horde into a number of independent states. Attached to the Russian kingdom. Capital - Kazan
KEDAH (AD 1136–1821) State, feudal (Sultanate of Kedah). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of the conversion to Islam of the inhabitants of Kedah. conquered by Siam. Capital: Alor Setar
Malaysia
KEDIRI (AD 1045–1221) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia as a result of the collapse of the state of Mataram. It became part of the state of Singasari. Capital - Kediri
Indonesia
KELANTAN (AD 1411–1499}, {1511–1781) State, feudal. (It was formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of separation from the Malacca Sultanate. It became part of the Malacca Sultanate}, {It left the Malacca Sultanate. It was conquered by Siam). The capital is Kota Bharu
Malaysia
KENT (AD 450–871) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Kent). Founded by the Jutes on the territory. modern Great Britain (in southeast England). The capital is Canterbury. Attached to Wessex
Great Britain
KENYA (AD 1963–) State, republic (Republic of Kenya; until 1964 - dominion). Formed on the territory of modern Kenya as a result of Kenya's independence (Brit.). Capital - Nairobi
Kenya
KENYA (Brit.) (AD 1920-1963) British possession, colony and protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Kenya as a result of the renaming of British East Africa. The independence of Kenya is proclaimed. Capital - Nairobi
Kenya Somalia
KERASY (AD 1300–1349) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. Capitals - Bergam, Balıkesir
KHANATE OF KHIVA (AD 1512–1740},{1747–1873},{1917–1920) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of the capture of Khorezm by nomadic Uzbek tribes and its separation from the Bukhara Khanate. It was captured by the Presid power of Nadir Shah and the Persian protectorate was established - the Khiva Khanate (pers.)}, {Liberation from the Persian protectorate. Establishment of the Russian protectorate - Khanate of Khiva (Russian)}, {Liberation from the Russian protectorate. Transformed into the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic). Capital - Khiva
KHANATE OF KHIVA (pers.) (AD 1740–1747) State, feudal, monarchical, vassal of Nadir Shah's Presid state. It arose on the territory. modern Uzbekistan as a result of the conquests of the Presid state of Nadir Shah and the loss of independence of the Khiva Khanate. The capital is Khiva. Returned independence
KHANATE OF KHIVA (Russian) (AD 1873–1917) State, protectorate of the Russian Empire. Educated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the Khiva Khanate's recognition of dependence on the Russian Empire. The capital is Khiva. Restored as independent Khanate of Khiva
KHANDESH SULTANATE (AD 1399–1601) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Delhi Sultanate. Capital - Talner. Conquered by the Mughal Emperor
India
KHARAKENA (127 BC - AD 224) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Vassal of the Parthian kingdom. Originated on the territory modern Iraq. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Seleucid State. The capital is Spasinu Charax. Conquered by the Persian Sassanid Empire
Bahrain Ирак Iran Кувейт" "
KHATAI (AD 1938–1939) State, capitalist (Republic of Hatay). Educated on the territory modern Turkey by declaring the independence of Alexandretta (fr.). The capital is Antioch. Became part of Turkey
KHAZAR KAGANATE (AD 650–969) State, slaveholding, monarchical, ruling religion — Judaism. Created on the territory modern Russia by the Khazar tribes, who separated from the Western Turkic Khaganate. It ceased to exist independently as a result of the defeat in the war with Kievan Rus. Capitals - Semender, Itil
KHMER EMPIRE (AD 802–1431) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Cambodia as a result of the decomposition of tribal relations among the Khmer tribes. Disintegrated. The capital is Yashodharapura
Laos Vietnam Cambodia Myanmar Thailand
KHORESM (700–550 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical (Kingdom of Khorezm). Originated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the formation of the state among the Khorezmians. Conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire
KHOREZM NSR (AD 1920–1924) State, socialist (Khorezm People's Soviet Republic). Educated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of Soviet power in the Khiva Khanate. The capital is Khiva. Became part of the USSR
KIEV PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1240–1362) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the final collapse of Kievan Rus (it existed as part of Kievan Rus since 1132) and the fall of the Kyiv principality under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. It became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (it existed as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1471). Capital - Kyiv
KIEVAN Rus' (AD 862–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the unification of the East Slavic tribes under the rule of the princes of the Rurik dynasty. Broken up into separate kingdoms
Belarus Estonia Hungary Latvia Lithuania Молдавия Польша Россия (ПФО) Россия (СЗФО) Россия (ЦФО) Россия (ЮФО) Румыния Ukraine Эстония" "
KIMEK CONFEDERATION (AD 750–1035) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kazakhstan as a result of the formation of the state among the nomadic Turkic Kimek tribes. The capitals were Khagan-Kimek, Imekia. Has ceased to exist under the onslaught of the Kipchak tribes
Казахстан PRC (People's Republic Of China)
KINGDOM OF ANIA (AD 885–1045) State, Armenian feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Turkey as a result of the overthrow of the power of the Abbasid Caliphate by the princely family of Bagratids in most of the Armenian lands. Capitals - Kars (until 961), Ani. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire
Azerbaijan Armenia Иран Georgia Турция" "
KINGDOM OF BAVARIA (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the transformation of the Electorate of Bavaria. In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. The capital is Munich
GermanyAustria
KINGDOM OF BURGUNDA (AD 933-1032) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern France as a result of the unification of Lower Burgundy and Upper Burgundy. The capital is Arles. Became part of the Holy Roman Empire
France Монако Швейцария" "
KINGDOM OF BURGUNDS (AD 443-533) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Switzerland as a result of secession from the Western Roman Empire. The capital is Geneva. Conquered by the Frankish state
France Italy France Швейцария" "
KINGDOM OF BURUNDI (AD 1680-1885) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Burundi Bantu peoples. After the establishment of the protectorate of Germany, it became part of German East Africa. Capital - Gitega
Burundi
KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA (AD 1431–1863) State, monarchical (vassal of Siam, Vietnam). Formed on the territory modern Cambodia as a result of the collapse of Cambujadesh. It was conquered by France and the protectorate of Cambodia (Fr.) was created. Capital - Srey Sorchhor (1431–1434), Chaktomuk (1434–1525), Longwek (1525–1603), Lwea Em (1603–1620), Oudong (1620–1863)
Cambodia Vietnam
KINGDOM OF CONGO (AD 1390-1885) State, early feudal, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Angola as a state of the Bakongo people. Conquered by Portugal and included in Angola (Port.). Capital - Mbanza Congo
Angola Congo (Brazzaville) DR Congo Gabon
KINGDOM OF CROATIA (AD 845–1102) State, feudal, monarchical (principality of Croatia until 925). Originated on the territory modern Croatia as a result of secession from the Byzantine Empire. United with Hungary. Capital - Biograd-na-Moru
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Словения
KINGDOM OF CYPRUS (AD 1292–1489) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed by the crusaders on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of receiving a gift of the island by the King of the Kingdom of Jerusalem Guy de Lusignan from the King of England Richard I the Lionheart. The capital is Nicosia. Became part of the Venetian Republic
Cyprus
KINGDOM OF DAHOMEY (AD 1620-1895) State, early feudal, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Benin as a state of the people background. As a result of the establishment of the protectorate of France, it became part of French West Africa (Fr.). Capital - Abomey
Benin
Cabo Verde
KINGDOM OF ETRURIA (AD 1801–1807) State, subsidiary kingdom of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the transformation of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The capital is Florence. Annexed to France
Italy
KINGDOM OF FIJI (AD 1871-1874) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Fiji as a result of the unification of small states that existed in the Fiji archipelago. Annexed by Great Britain with the establishment of the colony of Fiji (Brit.). Capital - Levuka
Fiji
KINGDOM OF GERMANY (AD 919–962) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the renaming of the East Frankish Kingdom. The capital is Regensburg. Converted to Holy Roman Empire
Austria Belgium Croatia Czech Republic France Germany Italy Liechtenstein Люксембург Нидерланды Словения Швейцария" "
KINGDOM OF HOLLAND (AD 1806–1810) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Netherlands as a result of the transformation of the Batavian Republic. Attached to France. Capital - Amsterdam
Germany Нидерланды" "
KINGDOM OF IRELAND (AD 1541–1801) State, feudal, monarchical (head of state was the King of England). Based on the territory modern Ireland as a result of the proclamation of the English Lordship of Ireland as a kingdom. The capital is Dublin. Merged with UK
Ireland Great Britain
KINGDOM OF ISRAEL (928–722 BC) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Israel. It was formed after the collapse of the Israeli-Jewish Kingdom. The capital, Samaria, was built in AD 9 c. (the former - Shechem, Tirtsa). Conquered by Assmria
KINGDOM OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH (1020–928 ​​BC) State, slaveholding. It originated on the territory of modern. Israel. Formed by the ancient Israelite tribes. Capital - Jerusalem Broken into the kingdoms of Israel and Judah
KINGDOM OF ITALY (AD 875–961) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the East Frankish Kingdom. The capital is Pavia. Became part of the German Kingdom
France Italy Словения France Швейцария" "
KINGDOM OF ITALY (NAPOLEON) (AD 1805–1815) State, subsidiary kingdom of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the transformation of the Italian Republic (Napoleon). Eliminated by the Austrian Empire as a result of the defeat of Napoleon. In its place, the Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom and other states were formed. The capital is Milan
Austria Italy Словения Черногория" "
KINGDOM OF JERUSALEM (AD 1099–1291) State, feudal, monarchical. It was formed by the crusaders on the territory of the Seljuk state (the territory of modern Lebanon). The capital is Jerusalem. Conquered by the Mamluk State
KINGDOM OF JUDAH (928–587 BC},{141 BC–AD 6},{AD 66–73) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Israel. (Formed after the collapse of the Israelite-Jewish Kingdom. Capital - Jerusalem. Destroyed by Babylonia}, {Separated from the Seleucid State. Conquered by the Roman Republic}, {Separated from the Roman Empire. Conquered by the Roman Empire)
KINGDOM OF KARS (AD 963–1064) State, Armenian feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Turkey. Distinguished from the Anian Kingdom. The capital is Kars. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire
KINGDOM OF KATLIA (AD 1466–1555) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the collapse of the Georgian kingdom. The capital is Tbilisi. Fell into vassalage from the Persian state of the Safavids
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia
KINGDOM OF KATLIA (Osm.) (AD 1590–1612}, {AD 1724–1735) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. (It arose on the territory of modern Georgia as a result of the Kingdom of Kartli (Persian) falling into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. It passed into vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids}, {Moved into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. Passed into vassal dependence on the Persian state Safavids). The capital is Tbilisi.
Armenia Georgia
KINGDOM OF KATLIA (pers.) (AD 1555–1590}, {AD 1612–1724}, {1735–1762) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Persian state of the Safavids. (It arose on the territory of modern Georgia as a result of the Kingdom of Kartli falling into vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids. It became vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire}, {It became vassal dependence on the Persian state of the Safavids. It became vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire},{ Passed into vassalage from the Persian state of the Safavids, united with the Kakhetian kingdom (Persian), forming the Kartli-Kakhetian kingdom). The capital is Tbilisi
Armenia Georgia" "
KINGDOM OF MADAGASCAR (AD 1817-1896) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory. modern Madagascar as a result of the unification by the King of Imerina of all states of the island of Madagascar into a single kingdom. Establishment of the protectorate of France. Capital - Tananarive
Madagascar
KINGDOM OF MALLORCA (AD 1262-1342) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Spain (Balearic Islands) as a result of secession from Aragon. The capital is Palma. Belonged to Aragon
France Испания
KINGDOM OF MONTENEGRO (AD 1852–1918) State, capitalist, monarchy (principality until 1910). It was formed as a result of separation from the Ottoman Empire on the territory of modern. Montenegro. It became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Capital - Cetinje
Сербия Черногория" "
KINGDOM OF NEAPOLITAN (AD 1282–1799, Jan.}, {1799, July–1816) State, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of separation from the Kingdom of Apulia and Sicily. Transformed into the Parthenopian Republic}, {Restored. United with the Kingdom of Sicily, forming the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies). The capital is Naples
Albania Greece Italy
KINGDOM OF PERGAMEN (283–133 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. It was formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great on the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Pergamon. Incorporated into the Roman Republic
Greece Турция" "
KINGDOM OF PRILEPSK (AD 1371–1395) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Macedonia as a result of the collapse of the Serbian kingdom. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. The capital is Prilep
Albania Greece Македония Сербия" "
KINGDOM OF QIN (771–221 BC) Ancient state. Formed on the territory of modern PRC in the Zhou era, until 256 BC was part of the Eastern Zhou. As a result of the unification of small appanage principalities by the ruler of the Kingdom of Qin Shi Huang, the Qin Empire was created. Capital - Xianyang
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
KINGDOM OF RWANDA (AD 1400-1885) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Rwanda Tutsi peoples. After the establishment of the protectorate of Germany, it became part of German East Africa. Capital - Nyanza
Rwanda
KINGDOM OF SARDINIA (AD 1720–1861) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the transformation of the Duchy of Savoy and the accession to it by Fr. Sardinia. The capital is Turin (de jure Cagliari). Became part of a united Italy
France Italy
KINGDOM OF SAXONY (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the transformation of the Electorate of Saxony. In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Dresden
Germany Польша" "
KINGDOM OF SERBIA (AD 1878–1918) State, capitalist, monarchy (principality until 1882; existed as part of the Ottoman Empire since 1817). It was formed as a result of separation from the Ottoman Empire on the territory of modern. Serbia. It became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Capital - Belgrade
KINGDOM OF SERBS, CROATS AND SLOVENES (AD 1918–1929) State, capitalist, monarchy. It was formed as a result of the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire on the territory of modern. Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Renamed Yugoslavia. Capital - Belgrade
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Македония Сербия Словения Croatia Черногория" "
KINGDOM OF SICILY (AD 1282–1816) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the renaming of the Kingdom of Apulia and Sicily after the separation of the Kingdom of Naples from it. (In 1302–1416 the Kingdom of Trinacria was also called). The capital is Palermo. Merged with the Kingdom of Naples to form the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Italy Мальта" "
KINGDOM OF SINGAPORE (AD 1299–1399) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Singapore as a result of the collapse of the state of Srivijaya. Conquered by the Malacca Sultanate. Capital - Singapore
Singapore
KINGDOM OF THE ISLANDS (AD 1079–1266) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Great Britain as a result of separation from Scotland about. Maine, Hebrides, Shetland and Orkney. The capital is not defined. Annexed to Scotland
Great Britain
KINGDOM OF THE OSTGOTHS (AD 493–553) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy during the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The capital is Ravenna. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire
Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia France Hungary Italy Ватикан Italy Монако Сербия Словения Черногория Швейцария" "
KINGDOM OF THE PICTS (AD 580-843) State, feudal, monarchical. Founded by the Picts on the territory. modern Great Britain (in Scotland). The capital is not defined. Merged with Dal Riad to Scotland
Great Britain
KINGDOM OF THE TWO SICILES (AD 1816–1861) State, monarchical. It was formed on the territory. modern Italy as a result of the unification of the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily. The capital is Naples. Became part of a united Italy
Italy
KINGDOM OF THESSALONICS (AD 1204–1224) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Greece. It was formed by the crusaders as a result of the 4th crusade on part of the territory of the Byzantine Empire. The capital is Thessaloniki. Conquered by the Despotate of Epirus
Bulgaria Greece
KINGDOM OF THURINGIA (AD 450–531) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification of the Germanic tribes of Tyurins. Capital - not set. Conquered by the Frankish State
Germany
KINGDOM OF TOLEDO (AD 580–711) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the transformation of the Visigothic Kingdom (moving the capital to Toledo). The capital is Toledo. Conquered by the Arab Caliphate
Andorra France Gibraltar Испания Португалия
KINGDOM OF TONGA (AD 1875-1900) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Tonga, 1875). Formed on the territory of modern Tonga as a result of the unification of the small states that existed on the islands of Tonga. Annexed by Great Britain to create the Tongan Protectorate (Brit.). Capital - Nuku'alofa
Tonga
KINGDOM OF VANDALS AND ALANS (AD 439–534) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Tunisia during the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The capital is Carthage. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire
France Алжир Italy Ливия Мальта Марокко Тунис France" "
KINGMAN REEF (USA) (AD 1922–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). Formed on the territory of modern Kingman Reef (USA) as a result of the annexation of the USA
Kingman Reef (USA)
KINOPOL (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slave-owning, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Upper Egypt
KIRIBATI (AD 1979–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Kiribati). Formed on the territory of modern Kiribati as a result of the proclamation of independence in the possessions of Great Britain Gilbert Islands (Brit.) and Canton and Enderbury Islands (Brit.). Capital - South Tarawa
Kiribati
Kition (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek-Phoenician. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus
KIZIK (756–334 BC},{188–128 BC) City-state. (Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory of modern Turkey. Conquered by Macedonia}. {He left the Seleucid State. Became part of the Roman Republic)
KLAIPĖDA REGION (AD 1919–1923) Territory under the control of the League of Nations. Created in accordance with the Versailles Peace Treaty on the territory. modern Lithuania after the defeat of Germany in the 1st World War. Attached to Lithuania. Capital - Klaipeda
Lithuania
KLEIN VRYSTAAT (AD 1886-1891) State of the Boers. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the transfer of land to the Boers in lease by the Swazi leader. It became part of South African Republic (Transvaal). Capital - Pit Retif
RSA
KNOSS (Dorian) (900–67 BC) City-state. Born on the territory O. Crete (modern Greece) after the settlement of the island by the Dorians. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Greece
KNOSS (Minoan) (1900–1450 BC) City-state. It originated during the Minoan civilization on the territory. O. Crete (modern Greece). Destroyed by the Achaeans
Greece
KOKAND KHANATE (AD 1709–1876) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of separation from the Bukhara Khanate. Attached to the Russian Empire. Capitals - Eski-Kurgan (1709-1732), Kokand (1732-1876)
KOKHINKHINA (Fr.) (AD 1867-1887) Possession of France. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnamese as a result of the conquest of the state of Dainam by France. It became part of French Indochina. Capital - Saigon
Vietnam
KONG (AD 1710-1889) State, Islamic empire. Formed on the territory of modern Cote d'Ivoire by immigrants from Mali. As a result of the establishment of the protectorate of France, it became part of the Ivory Coast (Fr.). Capital - Kong
Burkina Faso Côte d'Ivoire
KONIAN SULTANATE (AD 1077–1307) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Seljuk State. The capital is Konya. Broke up into small principalities. One of them, the principality of Osman, was the core of the early. 14th c. Ottoman State
KOREA (Jap.) (AD 1910-1945) Possession of Japan (General Government). Formed on the territory of modern North Korea and the Republic of Korea as a result of the annexation of the Korean Empire by Japan. As a result of Japan's defeat in World War II, the USSR and the USA were occupied. Capital - Seoul
KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Republic Of Korea
KOREAN EMPIRE (AD 1897–1910) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern North Korea and the Republic of Korea as a result of the proclamation of the empire by the king of the kingdom of Joseon. Annexed by Japan and turned into the possession of Korea (Yp.). Capital - Seoul
KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Republic Of Korea
KORKYRA (650–342 BC) City-state, Greek colony. Born on the territory O. Kerkyra (modern Greece). Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)
Greece
KOSALA (1100–300 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India. Conquered Magadha
India Nepal
KOSOVO (AD 2008–) Partially recognized state, capitalist (Republic of Kosovo). Formed on the territory modern Serbia as a result of secession from Serbia. The capital is Pristina
KOTIORA (630-183 BC) City-state, colony, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Turkey. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus
Турция
KOTTE (AD 1412–1597) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Sri Lanka. Conquered by Portugal and created the possession of Ceylon (Port.). Capital - Kotte
Sri Lanka
KOURION (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus
KPDR (KOREAN PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC) (AD 1948–) State, socialist republic. Formed on the territory of modern North Korea as a result of the proclamation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea on the territory of the Soviet zone of occupation of Korea. Capital - Pyongyang
KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic)
KRAKOV REPUBLIC (AD 1815–1846) State, republic. Educated on the territory modern Poland under the direct patronage of the Russian Empire, the Austrian Empire and Prussia after the division of the Duchy of Warsaw. Annexed to the Austrian Empire. Capital - Krakow
KUBAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC (AD 1918, January - 1920, March) Non-Soviet state. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. Became part of Soviet Russia. The capital is Yekaterinodar
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KUKEYNOS PRINCIPALITY (AD 1180–1207) State, feudal, monarchical, specific principality (vassal of the Polotsk principality). Founded by the Slavs on the territory. modern Latvia. The capital is Kukeynos. Conquered by the Order of the Sword
Latvia
KUMY (750–327 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
KURU (1200–800 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of state formation in the Indian people of Kshatriya. Conquered Panchala
India
KUSH (1070–550 BC) State, slave-owning, monarchical (Kingdom of Kush). Born on the the terr of modern Sudan as successor to the kingdom of Kerma. Destroyed by Egypt (Ancient). Capitals - Napata, Meroe
Sudan
KUSHAN EMPIRE (AD 30–375) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of the formation of the state among the Indo-Iranian Tocharians. The capital was Bactra. Conquered by Sasanian Empire и Gupta Empire
Afghanistan India Киргизия PRC (People's Republic Of China) Pakistan Таджикистан Туркмения Узбекистан" "
KUWAIT (AD 1961–1990},{1991–) State, monarchical (Emirate of Kuwait). (Zarded on the territory of modern Kuwait as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain. Occupied by Iraq}, {During the military operation "Desert Storm" liberated from occupation). The capital is Kuwait City
KUWAIT (Brit.) (AD 1899–1961) State, feudal, monarchical (Sheikhdom of Kuwait), under the protectorate of Great Britain. Charged on the territory. modern Kuwait as a result of the transition of the protectorate from the Ottoman Empire to Great Britain. The capital is Kuwait City. On June 19, 1961, the independent Emirate of Kuwait was proclaimed
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KUWAIT (osm.) (AD 1752–1899) State, feudal, theocratic, Muslim (Sheikhdom of Kuwait), under the protectorate of the Ottoman Empire. Charged on the territory. modern Kuwait as a result of secession from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Kuwait City. Passed under the protectorate of Great Britain.
KYPCHAK KHANATE (AD 1035–1219) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Kazakhstan as a result of the transfer of power in the Kimak Khaganate to the Kkypchak tribes. The capital is Sygnak. Conquered by the Mongol Empire
KYRGYZSTAN (AD 1991–) State, republic (Kyrgyz Republic). Originated on the territory modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Bishkek
KYTRA (669–570 BC) Greek city-state. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus

L

Историческая справка

Страна
LABOIN (Brit.) (AD 1848-1941) Possession of Great Britain, crown colony. Formed on the territory. modern Malaysia as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the skeleton of Labuan (part of the Brunei Empire). Occupied by Japan, after liberation, it passed under the control of the British Military Administration (Borneo), then became part of North Borneo (Brit.). Capital - Victoria
Malaysia
LAGASH (2500–2315 BC}, {2150–2110 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchical. (Born in the territory of modern Iraq. Became part of Sumer and Akkad}, {Left out of Sumer and Akkad. Conquered by Ur)
LAGOS (Brit.) (AD 1862-1906) Possession of Great Britain, colony and protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over the Yoruba peoples. Entered into South Nigeria (Brit.). Capital - Lagos
Nigeria
LAHEJ (AD 1728–1869) State, theocratic, Muslim (Sultanate Lahej). Arose in the the territory of Yemen as a result of separation from Yemen. Capital — Lahij. Became part of the Aden Protectorate (UK)
Йемен
LAMPSAK (196–188 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Withdrew from the State of the Seleucids. Became part of the Pergamon kingdom. The city of Lampsacus is the birthplace of the philosopher Epicurus (341–270 BC)
LAN NA (AD 1292–1578) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Thailand as a result of secession from Cambujadesh. Conquered by the kingdom of Tanggu (in 1775 the territory came under the control of Thonburi). Capital - Chiang Rai (1262-1275), Fang (1275-1281), Wiang Kum Kam (1281-1296), Chiang Mai (1296-1578)
Thailand
LAN XANG (AD 1353–1707) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Laos as a result of secession from Cambujadesh. It broke up into three kingdoms - Luang Prabang, Vientiane and Champasak. Capital: Luang Prabang, Vientiane
Laos Thailand
LANGOBARD KINGDOM (AD 568–774) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the conquest of the regions of the Byzantine Empire by the Lombards. The capital is Pavia (later Milan, Monza). Conquered by the Frankish State
Croatia France Italy Ватикан Словения France Croatia Швейцария" "
LAOS (AD 1953–) State, republic (Lao People's Democratic Republic, until 1975 - monarchy, Kingdom of Laos). Formed on the territory of modern Laos as a result of the declaration of independence from France in French Indochina. Capital - Vientiane
Laos
LAPETHOS (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek-Phoenician. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus
LARSA (2025–1763 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Founded on the territory modern Iraqi Amorites. Conquered by Babylonia
LATAKIA (fr.) (AD 1930–1936) French-administered League of Nations mandate (Sanjak of Latakia). Educated on the territory modern Syria as a result of the renaming of the Alawite State (fr.). The capital is Latakia. Became part of Syria
LATINSKAYA IMPERIYA (AD 1204–1261) Gosudarstvo, feodal'noye, monarkhicheskoye. Obrazovano na terr. sovr. Turtsii krestonostsami v rezul'tate zavoyevaniya chasti Vizantiyskoy Imperii. Stolitsa — Konstantinopol'. Likvidirovana Nikeyskoy Imperiyey. LATIN EMPIRE (AD 1204–1261) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey by the crusaders as a result of the conquest of part of the Byzantine Empire. The capital is Constantinople. Eliminated by the Nicaean Empire
Bulgaria Greece Турция" "
LATVIA (AD 1920–1940},{1991–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Latvia). (It originated on the territory of modern Latvia as a result of separation from Soviet Russia (independence was proclaimed on November 18, 1918) and the cessation of the existence of the Latvian SSR}, {It became part of the USSR. Withdrew from the USSR). Capital - Riga
LATVIAN SSR (AD 1918–1920) State, socialist. (Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic). Formed as a result of the liberation of the territory of modern. Latvia from German occupation and recognition of independence by Soviet Russia. The capital is Riga. It ceased to exist as a result of the liberation of the territory from the Red Army by the Republic of Latvia (independence was proclaimed on November 18, 1918)
Latvia
LEBANON (AD 1943–) State, capitalist (Lebanese Republic). Educated on the territory modern Lebanon in the mandated territory of the League of Nations under the control of France Lebanon (fr.). The capital is Beirut
LEBANON (FR) (AD 1926–1943) French-administered League of Nations mandate (Republic of Lebanon). Educated on the territory modern Lebanon as a result of the transformation of Greater Lebanon (fr.). The capital is Beirut. 22 November 1943 independent Lebanese Republic proclaimed
LEDRA (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus
LEGA LEAGUE (AD 1444–1479) Confederation of Albanian Principalities. Created on the territory modern Albania as a result of the unification of Arianiti, Dukajini, Kastrioti, the Principality of Albania, Muzaki. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. Capital - Lezha
Albania
LEON (AD 924–1037},{1065–1072},{1157–1230) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of León). (It originated on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the renaming of the Kingdom of Asturias. United with Castile, forming the Kingdom of Castile and León}, {Restored as a result of separation from Castile. United with Castile, forming the Kingdom of Castile and León}, Restored as a result of separation from Castile .United with Castile to form the Kingdom of Castile and León). The capital is Leon
LEPTIS-MAGNA (1100-600 BC) City-state, colony, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Phoenicians on the territory. modern Libya Conquered by Carthage
LESOTHO (AD 1966–) State, capitalist, monarchy (Kingdom of Lesotho). Formed on the territory of modern Lesotho as a result of the declaration of independence of Basutoland (Brit). Capital - Maseru
Lesotho
LETOPOL (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slaveholding, monarchical. Was in Egypt. Created by the ancient Egyptians. Became part of Lower Egypt
LEYEN (AD 1806–1814) State, monarchical (Principality of Leyen). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire. Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. Became part of the Austrian Empire. The capital is Hohengeroldsack
Germany
LIANG (AD 502–557) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC after the change of dynasty in the state of Southern Qi. After the change of the dynasty, the state of Chen was formed. Capital - Jiankang
PRC (People's Republic Of China) Vietnam
LIAO (AD 907–1124) State, monarchy (Liao Empire). Educated on the territory modern PRC nomadic Khitan tribes. Transformed into the Kara-Khitay Khanate. Capital is Shangjing
PRC (People's Republic Of China) Mongolia KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Россия" "
LIBERIA (AD 1822-1847) Possession of the USA, colony (from 1839 - Commonwealth of Liberia). Formed on the territory. modern Liberia as a result of the resettlement from the United States of African Americans by the American Colonization Society. The independent Republic of Liberia is proclaimed. Capital - Monrovia
Liberia
LIBERIA (AD 1847–) State, capitalist (Republic of Liberia). Formed on the territory of modern Liberia as a result of the proclamation of the independent state of Liberia by free African American settlers from the United States. Capital - Monrovia
Liberia
LIBYA (AD 1951–) State, capitalist (AD 1951–1963 — United Kingdom of Libya, AD 1963–1969 — Kingdom of Libya, AD 1969–1977 — Libyan Arab Republic, since 1977 — People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya). Educated on the territory modern Libya as a result of the unification of Tripolitania (British), Cyrenaica (British) and Fezzan (French). The capital is Tripoli
LIBYA (it.) (AD 1934–1943) Colony of Italy. Educated on the territory modern Libya as a result of the unification of Tripolitania (It.), Cyrenaica (It.) and Fezzan (It.). The capital is Tripoli. Became part of the colony of Libya (it.)
LIECHTENSTEIN (AD 1791–) Monarchic state (Principality of Liechtenstein). Originated on the territory modern Liechtenstein as a result of the unification of the counties of Vaduz and Schellenberg and their separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Capital - Vaduz
Liechtenstein
LIGURIAN REPUBLIC (AD 1797–1805) State, subsidiary republic of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the transformation of the Republic of Genoa. The capital is Genoa. Annexed to France
Italy
LINYI (AD 192–629) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as a Cham state. Conquered by the Champa state. The capital is Simhapura
Vietnam
LIPPE-DETMOLD (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Principality of Lippe-Detmold). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1789 as a result of the transformation of the County of Lippe-Detmold). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Detmold
Germany
LITHUANIA (AD 1919–1940},{1991–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Lithuania). (It originated on the territory of modern Lithuania as a result of separation from Soviet Russia (independence was proclaimed on February 16, 1918) and the cessation of the existence of the Lithuanian-Belarusian SSR}, {It became part of the USSR. Withdrew from the USSR). Capitals - Kaunas (until 1940), Vilnius (since 1991)
LITHUANIA SSR (AD 1918–1919, February) State, socialist. (Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic). Formed as a result of the liberation of most of the territory of modern. Lithuania from German occupation and recognition of independence by Soviet Russia. The capital is Vilnius. United with SSR Belarus to form the Lithuanian-Belarusian SSR
Belarus Lithuania
LITHUANIAN-BELARUSIAN SSR (AD 1919, February–1919, August) State, socialist. (Lithuanian-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic). Educated on the territory modern Lithuania and Belarus as a result of the unification of the Lithuanian SSR and the SSR Belarus. The capitals are Vilnius (until April), Minsk (from April). Divided between Lithuania, Poland and SSR Belarus
Belarus Литва" "
LITTLE ARMENIA (322–107 BC) Hellenistic slaveholding state, monarchy form of government. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great on the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Ani-Kamakh. It became part of the Pontic kingdom
LIU SONG (AD 420–479) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the transfer of power to Liu Yu in the Jin Empire. After the change of the dynasty, the state of Southern Qi was formed. Capital - Jiankang
PRC (People's Republic Of China) Vietnam
LIVONIAN ORDER (AD 1435–1561) State, feudal, theocratic. Originated on the territory modern Latvia as a result of separation from the Teutonic Order. It was part of the Livonian Confederation (created in 1435). Conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The capital is Valk
Estonia Latvia
LIVONSKY BISHOPHOUSE (AD 1186-1201) The state, feudal, theocratic, submitted to the Pope. Founded by the crusaders on the territory. modern Latvia. The capital is Ikskile. Renamed to Riga Bishopric
Latvia
LOANGO (AD 1550-1882) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Loango). Formed on the territory of modern Congo (Brazzaville) as a result of secession from the Kingdom of the Congo. It became part of the Congo (Fr.). Capital - Boiley
Congo (Brazzaville) Gabon
LOCR (680–264 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
LOMBARDO-VENETIAN KINGDOM (Austrian) (AD 1815–1866) Possession of the Austrian Empire. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the defeat of Napoleon and the liquidation of the Kingdom of Italy (Napoleon). The capital is Milan (since 1859 - Venice). Annexed to the Austrian Empire
Italy
LORI KINGDOM (AD 979–1118) State, Armenian feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Armenia as a result of secession from the kingdom of Ani. Became part of the Georgian kingdom. Capitals - Samshvilde, Lori fortress (since 1065), Matsnaberd
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia
Lorraine (AD 855–870}, {895–911) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Lorraine). (It originated on the territory of modern Germany as a result of the division of the Middle Frankish Kingdom. Divided between the West-Frankish Kingdom and the East-Frankish Kingdom}, {Recreated. Attached to the West-Frankish Kingdom). The capital is Nancy.
Belgium France Germany Люксембург Нидерланды Швейцария" "
LOTHAL (2600 –1700 BC) City State Indus Valley Civilization, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India. Aryan tribes destroyed
India
LOWER BURGUNDY (AD 879–933) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Lower Burgundy). Originated on the territory modern France as a result of the renaming of the Kingdom of Provence. The capital is Arles. United with Upper Burgundy into a single state - the Kingdom of Burgundy (Arelat)
France"Монако Швейцария" "
LOWER CANADA (Brit.) (AD 1791-1841) a British colony (as a part of British North America). Founded on the territor of Canada as a result of partition of Quebec (Brit). Incorporated in Canada (Brit.). Capital - Quebec
LOWER EGYPT (3500–3000 BC.) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Educated on the territory modern Egypt as a result of the unification of 16 primitive states (nomes). The capital is Buto. Included in Ancient Egypt
LUANG PRABANG (AD 1707–1893) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Laos as a result of the collapse of Lan Xang. After the establishment of the protectorate of France, it was included in French Indochina. The capital is Luang Prabang
Vietnam Laos
LUBA (AD 1585-1885) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Luba). Formed on the territory of modern DR Congo as a result of the unification of the tribes of the Ulemba lowlands. It became part of the Free State of the Congo. Capital - Mwibele
DR Congo
LUBEK (AD 1806–1807},{1814–1871) City-state (Free and Hanseatic city of Lübeck). (It was formed on the territory of modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (it was formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1226). Attached to France}, {Recreated. Became part of united Germany). In 1815-1866 he was a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 he was a member of the North German Confederation. Capital - Lübeck
Germany
Lucca and Piombino (AD 1805–1815) State, subsidiary Principality of France (Principality of Lucca and Piombino). Formed on the territory modern Italy as a result of the transformation of the Republic of Lucca. The capital is Lucca. Transformed into Duchy of Lucca
Italy
LUKCA (AD 1160–1342}, {1369–1805) State, feudal, oligarchic republic (Republic of Lucca). (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Attached to the Pisan Republic}, {Separated from the Pisan Republic. Transformed into the Principality of Lucca and Piombino). The capital is Lucca
Italy
LUNDA (AD 1600-1885) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Lunda). Formed on the territory of modern Angola as a state of the Lunda people. Conquered by Portugal and included in Angola (Port.)
Angola DR Congo Zambia
LUXEMBOURG (AD 1384–1443},{1477–1581},{1866–1914},{1918–1940},{1944–) State, capitalist. (It originated on the territory of modern Luxembourg as part of the Holy Roman Empire as a result of the transformation of the County of Luxembourg (founded in 963) into a duchy. Attached to the Duchy of Burgundy},{Recreated. Incorporated into the Spanish Netherlands},{Separated from the Netherlands (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , existed as part of the Netherlands since 1815. Occupied by Germany}, {Restored. Occupied by Germany (since 1941 included in Germany)}, {Restored). Capital - Luxembourg
Belgium Люксембург" "
LYCIA (168 BC - AD 43) Association (League) of 23 city-states (Xanthos, Patara, Pinara, Olympos, Mira, Thios, etc.), slaveholding. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Attached to Rome. The capital is Patara
LYDIA (700–546 BC) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. Withdrew from Phrygia. The capital is Sardis. Captured by the Achaemenid state

M

MAGADHA (1200–345 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India. Capital — Rajagriha. Transformed into Nanda Empire

Историческая справка

Страна
MACAO (port) (AD 1557-1999) Possession of Portugal. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the lease of Macau from the Chinese Ming Empire. Attached to PRC). Capital - Macau
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
MACEDONIA (AD 1991–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Macedonia). Formed in the territory of modern Macedonia as a result of the withdrawal from Yugoslavia. Renamed North Macedonia (Republic of North Macedonia) in 2019. The capital is Skopje
MACEDONIA (ancient) (495–330 BC}, {281–148 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Greece. (It was formed as a result of separation from the Persian Empire of the Achaemenids. It became part of the Empire of Alexander the Great}. {It left the State of Lysimachus. It was conquered by the Roman Republic). The capital is Pella. The most prominent rulers: Philip II [382–336], Alexander the Great [356–323]
Albania Bulgaria Greece Македония Сербия Турция" "
MADAGASCAR (AD 1975–) State, capitalist (Republic of Madagascar). Formed on the territory of modern Madagascar as a result of the renaming of the Malagasy Republic. Capital - Antananarivo
Madagascar
MADAGASCAR (Fr.) (AD 1896-1960) Possession of France (since 1958 - the autonomous Republic of Malagasy). Formed on the territory of modern Madagascar as a result of the establishment of a French protectorate over Kingdom of Madagascar. The independent Republic of Malagasy is proclaimed. Capital - Tananarive
Comoros Mayotte (Fr.) Madagascar
MADURAI SULTANATE (AD 1334–1378) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of conquest Pandya. Capital - Madurai. Won Vijayanagara Empire
India
India Nepal
MA'IN (750–100 BC) State, slave, monarchical (Kingdom of Ma'in). Arose in the territory of Yemen. Сonquered by Saba. Capitals — Yathill, Qarnawu
Йемен
MAJAPAHIT (AD 1293–1520) State, feudal, monarchical. It was created on the territory modern Indonesian Prince of the State of Singasari. Disintegrated. Capital is Majapahit
Indonesia
MAJIRTIN (AD 1650-1878) State, monarchy (Sultanate of Majirtin). Formed on the territory of modern Somalis by immigrants from the Somali clans Majirtin and Darod. Conquered by the Sultanate of Hobio. Capital - Ras Khafun
Somalia
MALACCA (Dutch) (AD 1641–1795}, {1818–1825) Colony of the Netherlands. (Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of the conquest of the Dutch West India Company of Malacca (Port.). Occupied by Great Britain}, {Returned to the Netherlands. Transferred to Great Britain and included in the Straits Settlements (brit.)). Capital - Malacca
Malaysia
MALACCA (Port.) (AD 1511–1641) A colony of Portugal. Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of the conquest of the Malacca Sultanate by Portugal. Conquered by the Dutch West India Company and formed the colony of Malacca (Dutch). Capital - Malacca
Malaysia
MALACCA SULTANATE (AD 1400–1511) State, feudal. Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of the conquest of the Kingdom of Singapore. Conquered by Portugal and formed the colony of Malacca (Port.). Capital - Malacca
Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Thailand
MALAGASY REPUBLIC (AD 1960-1975) Capitalist state. Formed on the territory of modern Madagascar as a result of the proclamation of independence of the possession of Madagascar (Fr.). Capital - Tananarive
Madagascar
MALAWI (AD 1964–) State, capitalist (Republic of Malawi). Formed on the territory. modern Malawi as a result of the proclamation of independence, the possession of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (Brit.) and its partition into Zambia, Malawi and Rhodesia. Capital - Zomba (until 1975), Lilongwe (from 1975)
Malawi
MALAY FEDERATION (AD 1957-1963) State, federal monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia. as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain by the Malay Federation (UK). Merged with Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo. Capital - Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia
MALAY FEDERATION (Brit.) (AD 1948-1957) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of the transformation of the Malay Union (UK) into the Federation of Malay (UK). Independence from Great Britain was proclaimed and the independent state of the Malay Federation was formed. Capital - Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia
MALAYSIA (AD 1963–) State, federal monarchy (State of Malaysia). Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of the unification of the Federation of Malay, Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo. Capital - Kuala Lumpur
MALDIV ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1887-1965) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Maldives as a result of the British conquest of the Maldiv islands. Independence from Great Britain is proclaimed and the Republic of Maldives is formed. Capital - Male
Maldives
MALDIVES (AD 1965–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Maldives). Formed on the territory of modern Maldives as a result of the proclamation of the Maldives' independence from Great Britain. Capital - Male
Maldives
MALETH (1000–480 BC) City-state, slave-owning, monarchical Phoenician colony. Founded by the Phoenicians on about. Malta. Conquered by Carthage. The modern city of Mdina
MALI (AD 1960–) Capitalist state (Republic of Mali). Formed on the territory of modern Mali as a result of the disintegration of the Federation of Mali (Fr.) and the declaration of independence of Mali. Capital - Bamako
Mali
MALI EMPIRE (AD 1240-1545) The ancient state of the Malinke people. Formed on the territory of modern Mali as a result of its breakaway from the Ghana Empire. Conquered by the Songhai Empire. Capital - Kangaba
Mali Mauritania Niger Senegal Guinea The Gambia Burkina Faso
MALI FEDERATION (Fr.) (AD 1959-1960) Possession of France, federation. Formed on the territory of modern Mali and Senegal as a result of the unification of the Sudanese Republic (Fr.) and Senegal (Fr.). Disbanded after the declaration of independence of Senegal and Mali. Capital - Dakar
Mali Senegal
MALIA (1900–1750 BC) City-state. It originated during the Minoan civilization on the territory. O. Crete (modern Greece). Conquered by Knossos. (Malia is the modern name of the city-state, the real name is unknown)
Greece
MALTA (AD 1964–) State, capitalist (Republic of Malta since 1974). Educated on the territory modern Malta as a result of the declaration of independence in the British colony of Malta (Brit.). The capital is Valletta
MALTA (British) (AD 1800–1964) British possession (crown colony since 1814). Educated on the territory modern Malta as a result of the British conquest of the islands from France. The capital is Valletta. proclaimed independent from Great Britain
Мальта "
MALTESE ORDER (AD 1308–1522}, {1530–1798) State, feudal, theocratic (Sovereign military hospitable order of St. John, Jerusalem, Rhodes and Malta). (How the state originated on the island of Rhodes (the territory of modern Greece) as a result of the conquest of the island of Rhodes by the knights of the Order of Malta (founded in 1048). The island of Rhodes was conquered by the Ottoman Empire, the knights of the Order of Malta were expelled from the island). (The state was recreated on the island of Malta. Island of Malta was conquered by France, the knights of the Order of Malta were expelled from the island. After the expulsion from Malta and the refusal of the Russian Emperor Alexander I from patronage over the Order, only the territory of the embassy in Rome remained in his sovereign possession)
Greece Мальта" "
MALWA SULTANATE (AD 1401–1531}, {1537–1542}, {1555–1562) The state, feudal, monarchical. (Arose in the territory of India as a result separation from Delhi Sultanate. Conquered Gujarat Sultanate}, {separated from the Gujarat Sultanate. Delhi Sultanate}, {Division of Delhi Sultanate. Conquered by Mughal Emperor). Capital - Dhar, Mandu
India
MAMLUK SULTANATE OF EGYPT (AD 1250–1517) State, feudal. Formed in the territory of modern Egypt аs a result of the state overturn in Ayyubid Sultanate. The capital was Cairo. Conquered by Ottoman Empire
Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Ливия Саудовская Аравия Сирия Турция Sudan
MANA (843–800 BC}, {714–585 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Appeared on the territory. modern Iran. (Established by the Manneans. Capital - Zirta. Conquered by Urartu}. {Withdrawn from Urartu. Conquered by Media)
Azerbaijan Armenia Ирак Iran Турция" "
MANCHUKUO (AD 1932-1945) Puppet state (in 1932-34 - the State of Manchuria; in 1935-45 -Empire of Great Manchuria), Formed on the territory. modern PRC by the Japanese military administration in the Japanese-occupied territory of Manchuria. Became part of the Republic of China. Capital is Xinjing
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
MANTUA (600–218 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
MARATHA EMPIRE (AD 1674-1818) State, feudal, monarchical, Hindu. Arose in the territory of India as a result of separation from the Mughal Empire. Capital - Raigad, Pune. Britain conquered and incorporated into the possessions of the British East India Company
India Pakistan" "
MARAVI (AD 1680-1893) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Maravi). Formed on the territory of modern Malawi. It became part of the British Central African Protectorate. Capital - Mantimba
Mozambique Malawi Zambia
MARI (2400–2315 BC}, {2150–1758 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Was on the territory. modern Syria. (Educated by the Sumerians. The capital is Mari. Became part of Sumer and Akkad}, {Left Sumer and Akkad. Became part of Babylonia)
MARIANA ISLANDS (Sp.) (AD 1668-1899) Possession of Spain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Northern Mariana Islands (USA) as a result of the declaration of the archipelago by the Spanish colony. Sold to Germany and incorporated into German New Guinea
Northern Mariana Islands (USA)
MARINID STATE (AD 1269-1420) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the collapse of the Almohad State. The capital is Fes. As a result of a coup d'état, it was transformed into the Wattasid State
MARION (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
Cyprus
MARSHALL ISLANDS (AD 1986–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of the Marshall Islands). Formed on the territory of modern Marshall Islands as a result of the withdrawal from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (USA) and the declaration of independence. Capital - Majuro
Marshall Islands
MARSHALL ISLANDS (Germ.) (AD 1885-1906) Possession of Germany, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Marshall Islands as a result of the annexation of the archipelago by Germany. Included in German New Guinea. Capital - Majuro
Marshall Islands
MARTINIQUE (Fr.) (AD 1674-1762}, {1763-1794}, {1805-1809}, {1816-) Possession France, overseas department. (Formed on the territory of modern Martinique (Fr.) as a result of the conquest of the island by France. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation). Capital - Fort-de-France
Martinique (Fr.)
MASSILIA (600–49 BC) City-state, colony, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern France. Conquered by the Roman Republic. Today in its place is the city of Marseille
France
MATARAM (AD 716–1016) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia as a result of its foundation by the feudal lord - Shaivite Sanjaya on the island of Java. Conquered by the state of Kediri. The capital is Mamratipura
Indonesia
MAURETANIA (110 BC - AD 40) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Algeria. Conquered by the Roman Empire
MAURITANIA (AD 1960–) Capitalist State (Islamic Republic of Mauritania). Formed on the territory of modern Mauritania as a result of the declaration of independence from France Mauritania (Fr.). Capital - Nouakchott
Mauritania
MAURITANIA (Fr.) (AD 1903-1904}, {1958-1960) Possession of France, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Mauritania as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over the emirates of Adrar, Trarza, Brakna and Tagant}, {became part of French West Africa}, {seceded from French West Africa. Mauritania proclaimed independence). Capitals - Nouakchott
Mauritania
MAURITIUS (AD 1968–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Mauritius). Formed on the territory of modern Mauritius as a result of Mauritius (Brit.) proclamation of independence from Great Britain. Capital - Port Louis
Mauritius
MAURITIUS (Brit.) (AD 1887-1968) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritius as a result of the British conquest of the French colony Ile-de-France. Independence from Great Britain was proclaimed and the Republic of Mauritius was formed. Capital - Port Louis
British Indian Ocean Territory Mauritius Seychelles
MAURITIUS (Dutch) (AD 1638-1710) Possession of the Netherlands under the control of the Dutch East India Company. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritius as a result of the Dutch colonization of the island of Mauritius. Dutch settlers left the island. Capital - Port de Warwick
Mauritius
MAURYA EMPIRE (322–185 BC) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern India as a result of the seizure of power in Nanda Empire by the Maurya dynasty. The capital was Pataliputra. Destroyed as a result of the seizure of power by the Shunga dynasty and the formation of Shunga Empire
Afghanistan Bangladesh India Iran Nepal Pakistan
MAYA CIVILIZATION (AD 250–1697) One of the oldest civilizations, formed on the territory of Guatemala to 250 AD, and is a series of independent city-states. Conquered Spain (the last city-state Tayasal conquered in 1697), it became part of New Spain.
MAYOTTA (Fr.) (AD 1843–1896}, {1899–1914}, {1975–) Possession of France, overseas department. (Formed on the territory of modern Mayotte (Fr.) as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over the island of Mayotte. It became part of Madagascar (Fr.)}, {Withdrew from Madagascar (Fr.). Was a part of Madagascar (Fr.)}, {Withdrew from the Comoros (Fr.)). Capital - Dzaudzi (until 1977), Mamudzu (from 1977)
Comoros Mayotte (Fr.)
Mecklenburg-Schwerin (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy (until 1815 - Duchy) of Mecklenburg-Schwerin). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1348). In 1808-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Schwerin
Germany
Mecklenburg-Strelitz (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy (until 1815 - Duchy) of Mecklenburg-Strelitz). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1701). In 1808-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Neustrelitz
Germany
MEDIA (670–550 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Iran. Withdrew from Assyria. The capital is Ecbatana. It ceased to exist as a result of the seizure of power by the ancient Persian Achaemenid dynasty, which created the Persian Achaemenid Empire.
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Georgia Ирак Iran Pakistan Сирия Туркмения Турция" "
MEGARA (650–338 VS}, {307–243 VS) City-state. (Born on the territory of modern Greece. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Seceded from Macedonia (Ancient). Became part of the Achaean Union)
MEGRELIA (AD 1491–1555) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Megrelia). It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of separation from the Imereti kingdom. The capital is Zugdidi. Fell into vassalage from the Ottoman Empire
Georgia
MEGRELIA (osm.) (AD 1555–1803) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Megrelia), vassal of the Ottoman Empire. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of Mingrelia falling into vassalage from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Zugdidi. Became part of the Russian Empire
MELILLA (Spanish) (AD 1497–1912}, {1956–) Spanish possession. (It was formed on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the conquest of the city of Melilla from the State of the Marinids by Spain. It became part of Spanish Morocco}, {Withdrawn from Spanish Morocco, included in Spain, since 1995 - Autonomous city of Melilla
MEMPHIS (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Lower Egypt
MENORCA (Brit.) (AD 1708–1782}, {1798–1802) Possession of Great Britain. (It was formed on the territory of modern Spain as a result of Great Britain seizing the island of Menorca from Spain. Returned to Spain}, {Teared away from Spain. Returned to Spain). The capital is Mahon
MENTESHE (AD 1282–1391}, {1402–1425) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capitals - Milas, Menteshe
MERCIA (AD 527–918) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Mercia). Founded by the Anglo-Saxons in the territory. modern Great Britain (England). The capitals are Repton, Tamworth. Attached to Wessex
Great Britain
MERCIA (AD 527–918) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Mercia). Founded by the Anglo-Saxons in the territory. modern Great Britain (England). The capitals are Repton, Tamworth. Attached to Wessex
Bulgaria
Messana (493–241 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Italy (O. Sicily) as a result of the renaming of the city-state of Zancla. Conquered by the Roman Republic. Currently - the city of Messina
Italy
METAPONT (600–272 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
MEXICO (AD 1821-) state (up to 1824 - an empire since 1824 - Republic). It was born on the territory of Mexico as a result of the defeat of Spain in the War of Independence of Mexico. Capital - Mexico City
MIDDLE CONGO (Fr.) (AD 1903-1910). Possession of France. Formed on the territory of modern Congo (Brazzaville) as a result of the renaming of the Congo (Fr.). Became part of French Equatorial Africa. Capital - Brazzaville
Congo (Brazzaville)
MIDDLE FRANKISH KINGDOM (AD 843–855) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the division of the Frankish State. The capital is Aachen. Divided between West Frankish Kingdom, East Frankish Kingdom and Lorraine
Belgium Croatia France Germany Italy Люксембург Монако Нидерланды Словения France Швейцария" "
MIDWAY ISLANDS (USA) (AD 1867–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). Formed on the territory of modern Midway Islands (USA) as a result of the annexation of the USA
Midway Islands (USA)
MILETA (1500–334 BC) City-state. Created by ancient Greek tribes on the territory. modern Turkey. Destroyed by Macedonia.
MILETA (700–480 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical Greek colony. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Malta. Conquered by Carthage
MING EMPIRE (AD 1368–1644) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern PRC as a result of the overthrow of the power of the Mongol Yuan Empire in Chinese lands. As a result of the transfer of power to the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Empire of China was formed. Capitals - Nanjing (1368-1421), Beijing (1421-1644)
KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Myanmar PRC (People's Republic Of China)
MINSK PRINCIPALITY (AD 1101–1326) State, feudal, Slavic, specific principality. Originated on the territory modern Belarus as a result of separation from the Principality of Polotsk. Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Capital - Minsk
Belarus
MITANNI (1520–1267 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Iraq. Educated by the Khurites. The capital is Washshukkanni. conquered by Assyria
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Ирак Iran Сирия Турция" "
MOAB (1100–860 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. It was located on the territory. modern Jordan. Educated by the Moabites. Conquered by Israel
MOGADISHO (AD 1150-1250) State, monarchy (Sultanate of Mogadishu). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia. It became part of the state of Ajuran. Capital - Mogadishu
Somalia
MOGHULISTAN (AD 1347–1570) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Uzbekistan as a result of separation from Chagatai Khanate. In 1390-1416 - the vassal of Timurid Empire. The capitals were Almalyk (1346–1380, 1419–1570), Turpan (1380–1419). Conquered by Yarkent Khanate
Казахстан Киргизия PRC (People's Republic Of China) Таджикистан Узбекистан" "
MOHENJO-DARO (2600 –1700 BC) City State Indus Valley Civilization, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of Pakistan. Aryan tribes destroyed
MOLDAVIA (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Moldova). Originated on the territory modern Moldova as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Chisinau
MOLDAVIA (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Moldova). Originated on the territory modern Moldova as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Chisinau
MOLDOVA (Russian) (AD 1829–1856) State, protectorate of the Russian Empire. Educated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the liberation of Moldova (osm.) from Ottoman dependence and the establishment of a protectorate of the Russian Empire. The capital is Iasi. Restored as an independent Principality of Moldova
MONACO (AD 1297–1793}, {1814–) Monarchical state (Principality of Monaco). Originated on the territory modern Monaco as a result of secession from the Republic of Genoa. Attached to France.},{Separated from France). Capital - Monaco
MONFERRAT (AD 1232-1708) State, feudal, monarchical. (Margravate of Montferrat, from 1574 - Duchy of Montferrat). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Casale Monferrato. Attached to the Duchy of Savoy
Italy
MONGOL EMPIRE (AD 1206–1271) State, feudal. Formed in the territory of modern Mongolia as a result of the seizure of northern China by Genghis Khan. It ceased to exist as a result of the uprising of the Red Bandages and the transformation into the Great Ming Empire
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Georgia Iran Казахстан Киргизия PRC (People's Republic Of China) KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Mongolia Pakistan Россия Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан" "
MONGOLIA (AD 1911–1919}, {1921–) State, republic. (Formed on the territory of modern. Mongolia (monarchical State of Mongolia) as a result of separation from the Chinese Qing Empire. Occupied by Republic of China}, {Separated from the Republic of China). In 1924-1992 - Mongolian People's Republic. Capital - Ulan Bator (until 1924 it was called Urga)
Mongolia
MONTENEGRO (AD 2006–) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory modern Montenegro as a result of the collapse of Serbia and Montenegro. Capital - Podgorica
MONTSERRAT (Brit.) (AD 1962–) British possession, overseas territory. Formed on the territory modern Montserrat (Brit.) as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.), which included the island of Montserrat. Capital - Plymouth (de jure), Brades (de facto)
Montserrat (Brit.)
MORAVIAN SERBIA (AD 1371–1402) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Serbia as a result of the collapse of the Serbian kingdom. It became part of the Serbian despotism. Capital - Krusevac
MOREAN DESPOTATE (AD 1453–1460) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Greece. It was formed as a result of the fall of the Byzantine Empire (as part of the Byzantine Empire, it existed as a province since 1308). The capital is Mistra. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
Greece
MORGANNUG (AD 942-1091) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) as a result of the merger of Gwent and Gleevising. The capital is not defined. Conquered by England
Great Britain
MOROCCO (AD 1956–) State, capitalist (Kingdom of Morocco). Formed on the territory of modern Morocco as a result of the declaration of independence from France Morocco (fr.) March 2, 1956 Capital - Rabat
MOROCCO (fr.) (AD 1912–1956) Possession of France. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the division of the territory of the Sultanate of Morocco between France and Spain. The capital is Rabat. Incorporated into independent Morocco
MOSCOW PRINCIPALITY (AD 1480–1547) State, feudal, monarchical (Grand Duchy of Moscow). Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of getting rid of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. It was transformed into the Tsardom of Russia as a result of the coronation of the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan IV the Terrible as Tsar. Moscow the capital
Finland Ukraine Россия " "
MOSCOW PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1263–1480) State, feudal, monarchical (since 1363 - the Grand Duchy of Moscow). Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Vladimir principality (yoke). Got rid of the Tatar-Mongol yoke, becoming an independent Moscow principality. Moscow the capital
Россия Finland " "
MOSQUITO KINGDOM (UK) (AD 1638–1787) State under British protectorate. Formed on the territory of Nicaragua as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the Miskito Indians. Capital — Sandy Bay. Became a part of New Spain
MOTIA (900–305 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Phoenicians on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Conquered by Carthage
Italy
MOZAMBIQUE (AD 1975–) Capitalist state (Republic of Mozambique). Formed on the territory of modern Mozambique as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Mozambique (Port.). Capital - Maputo
Mozambique
MOZAMBIQUE (Port.) (AD 1505-1975) Possession of Portugal, also called Portuguese East Africa. Formed on the territory of modern Mozambique as a result of the Portuguese conquest of the territories of the Sultanate of Kilva, the kingdoms of Monomotapa, Maravi. The independence of Mozambique is proclaimed. Capital - Laurence Markish (from 1897)
Mozambique
MRAUK U (AD 1429–1785) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Myanmar in the historical region of Arakan. Conquered by the Kingdom of Burma. Capital - Launggyet (1429-1433), Mrauk U (1433-1785)
Myanmar
Mughal Empire">
Афганистан India Iran Pakistan Bangladesh Myanmar
MURCIA EMIRATE (AD 1031-1078}, {1223-1243) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. (It originated on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. Conquered by the Emirate of Seville}, {Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Almohad State. Conquered by Aragon) Capital - Murcia
MUSASIR (900–800 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. Conquered by Urartu.
MUSCAT AND OMAN (UK) (AD 1820–1970) State, monarchical (Sultanate of Muscat and Oman). Arose in the territory of Oman. 1891 — Establishing a British protectorate. Capital — Muscat. 1970 proclaimed the independent Sultanate Oman
Kenya Оман Tanzania
MUZAKI (AD 1371–1444) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Muzaki). Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of the collapse of the Serbian kingdom. Became part of the Lega League. Capital - Berat
Albania
MYANMAR (AD 1989–) State, republic (Republic of the Union of Myanmar). Formed on the territory of modern Myanmar as a result of the renaming of Burma. Capitals - Naypyidaw (from 2005; to 2005 - Yangon)
Myanmar
MYCENE (1700-1200 BC) City-state. It originated during the Mycenaean civilization on the territory. modern Greece. Destroyed by nomads called "peoples of the sea
Greece
MYINSAING (AD 1297–1313) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Myanmar on the site of the Pagan kingdom by the Shan leaders. Destroyed as a result of Mongol raids. Capital is Myinsaing
Myanmar

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Страна
NABATEAN KINGDOM (169 BC - AD 106) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Jordan. Formed by the Nabataeans on the territory of the states: Egypt of the Ptolemies and the State of the Seleucids. The capital is Petra. Conquered by the Roman Empire
NAGORNO-KARABAKH REPUBLIC (AD 1992–) Self-proclaimed, state, republic. Formed on parts of the territory. modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from Azerbaijan. Capital - Stepanakert
Azerbaijan
NAKHICHEVAN KHANATE (AD 1747–1828) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Nakhichevan
Armenia Azerbaijan
NAMIBIA (AD 1990–) State, capitalist (Republic of Namibia). Formed on the territory of modern Namibia as a result of the declaration of independence in the Trust Territory of South West Africa (RSA) and the formation of the Republic of Namibia. Capital - Windhoek
Namibia
NANDA EMPIRE (345–321 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India outbreak of the Nanda dynasty in Magadha. Capital - Pataliputra
India Bangladesh Nepal
NANYUE (207–111 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchy. Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as a result of the Qin Empire's destruction of the Au Lac state. Destroyed by the state of Han. The capital is Panyu
Vietnam PRC (People's Republic Of China)
NAPLES (700–327 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic
Italy
NASSAU (AD 1806–1866) State, monarchical (Duchy of Nassau). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the unification of the principalities of Nassau-Usingen and Nassau-Weilburg. In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of Prussia. Capitals - Weilburg, Wiesbaden (since 1816)
Germany
NATALIA REPUBLIC (AD 1839-1843) State of the Boers. Formed on the territory modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the Boers' conquest of part of the Zulu Kingdom. Conquered by Great Britain to form the Colony of Natal (Brit.). Capital - Pietermaritzburg
RSA
NAURU (AD 1968–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Nauru). Formed on the territory of modern Nauru as a result of the declaration of independence in the Nauru Trust Territory (Great Britain, Australian and New Zealand). Capital - Yaren
Nauru
NAURU (Brit., Austral. and New Zeal.) (AD 1920-1942}, {1947-1968) Trust Territory ruled by Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand. (Formed on the territory of modern of Nauru as a result of the composition of German New Guinea and the transfer of the mandate for the administration of Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand. Occupied by Japan}, {Released from occupation. Independence proclaimed). Capital - Yaren
Laos Nauru
NAVARRA (AD 1004–1076}, {1134–1512) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Navarre). (It was formed on the territory of modern Spain as a result of the renaming of Pamplona. Attached to the Kingdom of Aragon}, {Separated from the Kingdom of Aragon. Divided between France and Aragon). The capital is Pamplona
FranceИспания
NAXOS (735–403 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Destroyed by Syracuse. First Greek colony in Sicily
Italy
NDONGO (AD 1556-1626) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Ndongo). Formed on the territory of modern Angola as a result of secession from the Kingdom of the Congo. Conquered by Portugal and included in Angola (Port.). Capital - Cabaça
Angola
NEGERI SEMBILAN (AD 1773–1895) State, feudal (Sultanate of Negeri Sembilan). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of secession from the Sultanate of Johor. It became part of the protectorate of the Federated Malay States (Brit.). Capital - Seremban
Malaysia
NEJD AND HIJAZ (AD 1926–1932) State, theocratic, Muslim (Kingdom of Nejd and Hijaz). Formed on the territory modern Saudi Arabia as a result of the unification of the Sultanate of Najd and the Kingdom of Hejaz. The capital is Riyadh. Changed to Saudi Arabia
NEKHEN (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Upper Egypt
NEPAL (AD 1768–) State, republic (Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal). Formed on the territory of modern Nepal as a result of the unification of several dozen small principalities; in 1768-2008 - the monarchy (Kingdom of Nepal): in 1816-1923 - actually under the protectorate of Great Britain. Capital - Kathmandu
Nepal
NERETVLYANSK PRINCIPALITY (AD 850–917) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire. It became part of the Croatian kingdom. Capital - undefined
Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia
NETHERLANDS (AD 1815–1940},{1944–) State, capitalist (Kingdom of the Netherlands). (It originated on the territory of the modern Netherlands as a result of the liberation of the Low Countries (approximately consisting of present-day Belgium and the Netherlands) from French occupation. Occupied by Germany}, {Restored as a result of the victory of the anti-Hitler coalition over Germany). Capital - Amsterdam
Belgium Люксембург Нидерланды " "
NETHERLANDS ANTILLES (AD 1948–2010) Possession of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory. modern Aruba (Dutch), Curacao (Dutch), Sint Marten (Dutch) and Caribbean Netherlands as a result of the transformation of the possession of Curacao and Dependencies territories into the Netherlands Antilles. It was divided into the possessions of Curacao (Dutch), Sint Maarten (Dutch) and Caribbean Netherlands. Capital - Willemstad
Aruba (Dutch) Curacao (Dutch) Sint Marten (Dutch) Caribbean Netherlands
NEUCHATEL (AD 1648–1707}, {1806–1815) State, monarchical (Principality of Neuchâtel). (It was formed on the territory of modern Switzerland as a result of separation from Switzerland. It became part of Prussia}, {As a result of the victory of the Napoleonic troops, it regained independence. It became part of Switzerland). The capital is Neuchâtel
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NEW CALEDONIA (Fr.) (AD 1853–) Possession of France (overseas department). Formed on the territory of modern New Caledonia (Fr.) as a result of the annexation of the island of New Caledonia by France. Capital - Noumea
New Caledonia (Fr.)
NEW FRANCE (AD 1534-1763) French colony. Formed on the territory of Canada as a result of travel J.Cartier ads open land ownership France. Britain conquered and became part of British America. Capital - Quebec
NEW GRANADA (AD 1831-1863) State Republic (until 1858 the Republic of New Granada, Granada Confederation from 1858). It was born on the territory of Colombia, as a result of the collapse of Gran Colombia. Converted to Colombia. Capital - Bogota
Brazil Colombina Панама
NEW GRANADA (Sp.) (AD 1717-1723}, {1739-1819) Colony of Spain (Viceroyalty). (Formed on the territory of modern Colombia as a result of separation from Peru (Sp.). Joined Peru (Sp.)}, {Recreated. It ceased to exist as a result of defeat in the War of Independence of the Spanish colonies and the declaration of independence of Great Colombia). Capital - Bogota
Guyana Venezuela Colombina Trinidad and Tobago Панама Ecuador
NEW GUINEA (Austral.) (AD 1914-1949) Possession of Australia, Mandatory Territory. Formed on the territory of modern Papua New Guinea as a result of the transfer of the colony of German New Guinea under the mandate administration of Australia and Japan. As a result of the merger with the Austral. colony of Papua (Austral.), the Trust Territory of the United Nations Papua New Guinea (Austral.) was formed. Capital - Rabaul (1921-1937), Lae (1937-1942), Wow (1942-1949)
Papua New Guinea
NEW GUINEA (Neth.) (AD 1949-1962) Colony of the Netherlands. (Formed on the territory of modern. Indonesia as a result of separation from the Dutch East Indies. Joined Indonesia. Сapital - Hollandia
Indonesia
NEW HEBRIDES (Fr., Brit) (AD 1906-1980) Joint possession of France and Great Britain, condominium. Formed on the territory of modern Vanuatu as a result of the transformation of the disputed territory, under the control of the joint Anglo-French interim naval administration, into the New Hebrides (Fr., Brit.) condominium. The independent Republic of Vanuatu is proclaimed. Capital - Port Vila
Vanuatu
NEW NETHERLAND (AD 1614-1664}, {1673-1674) colony of the Netherlands. (Due to open on the territory of USA expedition Dutch East India Company of Manhattan Island and its inclusion in the Republic of the United Provinces. Transferred England}, {Reclaimed from England. Given to England). Capital - New Amsterdam (now New York)
NEW SOUTH WALES (Brit.) (AD 1829-1833) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of the founding of the first british settlement in Australia. It became part of the dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia. Capital - Sydney
New Zealand Norfolk Island (Brit.)
NEW SPAIN (AD 1522-1821) A colony of Spain (from 1535 - Vice-Kingdom). Formed on the territory оf Mexico as a result of campaigns Hernán Cortés and conquest of the Aztec Empire and the state of the Maya. Ceased to exist defeat in the War of Independence of Mexico. Capital - Mexico City
NEW SWEDEN (AD 1638-1655) Colonia Sweden. Formed on the territory of USA as a result of selection New Netherland territory Swedish settlements. Moved to New Netherland. Capital - Fort Christina
NEW ZEALAND (AD 1907–) Capitalist state. Formed on the territory of modern New Zealand as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain and obtaining the status of dominion. Capital - Wellington
New Zealand Samoa
NEW ZEALAND (Brit. (AD 1841-1907) Possession of Great Britain (colony). Formed on the territory of modern New Zealand as a result of separation from the colony of New South Wales (British). Independence was proclaimed and dominion status granted. Capitals - Old Rassal (1841), Auckland (1841-1865), Wellington (from 1865)
New Zealand
NEWFOUNDLAND (Brit.) (AD 1610-1949) a British colony (1907 - Dominion). Formed on the territory of Canada as a result of the base of English settlement on the island of Newfoundland. Included in Canada.Capital - St. John's.
NEWSLAND (Brit.) (AD 1907-1953) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Malawi as a result of the renaming of the British Central African Protectorate. It became part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (Brit.). Capital - Zomba
Malawi
NGUYỄN (AD 1802–1883) State, monarchical (Nguyễn Dynasty). Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as a result of the transfer of power to the Nguyen dynasty in the state of Đại Việt. A protectorate of France was established and the state was divided into the protectorates of Cochinchina (Fr.), Annam (Fr.) and Tonkin (Fr.). The dynasty existed until 1945.Capital - Hue
Vietnam
NICARAGUA (AD 1838-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Nicaragua). Formed on the territory of Nicaragua, following the withdrawal of the Federal Republic of Central America. Capital - Managua
NICENE EMPIRE (AD 1204–1261) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Assignee of the Byzantine Empire in the territory left after the formation of the Latin Empire. The capital is Nicaea. After the liquidation of the Latin Empire, the capital Constantinople and the name of the Byzantine Empire were returned
Albania Bulgaria Greece Македония Сербия Турция" "
NICOBAR ISLANDS (Austr.) (AD 1778-1783) Possession of Habsburg Empire. Formed as a result of the transition from the Danish Nicobar Islands of India to the Habsburg Empire. Transferred Danish India
India
NIEUWE REPUBLIEK (AD 1884-1888) State of the Boers. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the transfer of land to the Boers by the leader of the Zulu. It became part of South African Republic (Transvaal). Capital - Freyheid
RSA
NIGER (AD 1960–) State, capitalist (Republic of Niger). Formed on the territory of modern Niger as a result of the declaration of independence from France in Niger (Fr.). Capital - Niamey
Niger
NIGER (Fr.) (AD 1958-1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic. Formed on the territory of modern Niger as a result of secession from French West Africa. The independence of Niger is proclaimed. Capital - Niamey
Niger
NIGER COAST PROTECTORATE (Brit.) (AD 1893-1900) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria by renaming the Oil Rivers Protectorate (Brit.) to Niger Coast Protectorate (Brit.). It became part of Southern Nigeria (Brit.). Capital - Calabar
Nigeria
NIGERIA (AD 1960–) Capitalist state (Federal Republic of Nigeria). Formed on the territory fo modern Nigeria as a result of the proclamation of independence of the possession of Nigeria (Britain). Capital - Lagos (until 1991), Abuja (from 1991)
Nigeria
NIGERIA (Brit.) (AD 1914-1960) Possession of Great Britain, colony and protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria as a result of the unification of the possessions of Northern Nigeria (Brit.) and Southern Nigeria (Brit.). Capital - Lagos
Nigeria
NIUE (Brit.) (AD 1900-1901) British possession. Formed on the territory of modern Niue (New Zeal.) As a result of the annexation of the islands by Great Britain. Transferred to New Zealand. Capital - Alofi
Niue (New Zeal.)
NIUE (New Zel.) (AD 1901–) Possession of New Zealand, since 1974 - free association with New Zealand. Formed on the territory of modern Niue (New Zeal.) as a result of the transfer of islands from Great Britain to New Zealand. Capital - Alofi
Niue (New Zeal.)
NIZHNY NOVGOROD-SUZDAL PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1341–1425) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Vladimir principality (yoke). Attached to the Moscow principality. Capital - Nizhny Novgorod
NOGAI HORDE (AD 1440–1555) State, feudal, monarchical, nomadic. Originated on the territory modern Russia in the process of disintegration of the Golden Horde into a number of independent states. It fell into vassal dependence on the Russian kingdom. Capital - Saraichik
NOGAI HORDE (Russian) (AD 1555–1634) State, vassal of the Russian kingdom. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the Nogai Horde falling into vassal dependence on the Russian kingdom. Attached to the Russian kingdom. Capital - Saraichik
NORA (700–535 BC) City-state, slave, monarchist. Founded by the Phoenicians on the territory. modern Italy (about. Sardinia). Conquered by Carthage
Italy
NORFOLK ISLAND (Austr.) (AD 1914–) Possession (Outer Territory) of Australia. Formed on the territory of modern Norfolk Islands (Austr.) as a result of separation from the colony of Tasmania (Brit.). Transferred to Australia. Capital - Kingston
Norfolk Island (Brit.)
NORFOLK ISLAND (Brit.) (AD 1788-1914) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Norfolk Island (Austr.) as a result of the annexation of the island by Great Britain. Transferred to Australia. Capital - Kingston
Norfolk Island (Brit.)
NORTH BORNEO (Brit.) (AD1888–1941},{1945–1946},{1946–1963) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate (since 1946 - crown colony). (It was formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over North Borneo (part of the Brunei Empire). Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation and transferred under the control of the British military administration (Borneo)}, {The colony of North Borneo was formed (Brit. After the declaration of independence from Great Britain became part of Malaysia).). Capital - Kudat (1881-1884), Sandakan (1884-1945), Jesselton (from 1946)
Malaysia
NORTH CAUCASIAN EMIRATE (AD 1919, September - 1920, March) The state, monarchical, Muslim under the protectorate of the Ottoman Empire. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. Became part of Soviet Russia. The capital is Vedeno
NORTH CAUCASIAN IMAMAT (AD 1829–1859) State, theocratic, Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the unification of the mountain peoples of Chechnya and Dagestan during the Caucasian War. Conquered by the Russian Empire. The capitals are Akhulgo, Dargo, Vedeno
NORTHERN MARIAN ISLANDS (USA) (AD 1986–) United States unincorporated organized territory (Commonwealth Northern Mariana Islands). Formed on the territory of modern Northern Mariana Islands (USA) as a result of the withdrawal from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (USA). Capital - Saipan
Northern Mariana Islands (USA)
NORTHERN NIGERIA (Brit.) (AD 1900-1914) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over the states of Sokoto and Bornu. Merged with Southern Nigeria (Brit.) to Nigeria (Brit.). Capital - Zungeru
Nigeria
NORTHERN QI (AD 550–577) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of a coup in the state of Eastern Wei. Conquered by the state of Northern Zhou. Capital - Yechen
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
NORTHERN RHODESIA (Brit.) (AD 1924-1953) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Zambia as a result of the division of Rhodesia (Brit.) into Northern Rhodesia (Brit.) and Southern Rhodesia (Brit.). Joined the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (Brit.). Capital - Lusaka
Zambia
NORTHERN WEI (AD 386-535) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the unification of small states after the collapse of the Jin Empire. Broken up into Western Wei and Eastern Wei. Capital - Pingcheng
Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China)
NORTHERN YUAN (AD 1368–1691) State, monarchical (Northern Yuan Mongolian Khaganate). Originated on the territory modern Mongolia as a result of secession from the Mongol Yuan Empire. It became part of the Chinese Qing Empire. Capitals - Shangdu (1368–69), Yingchang (1369–70), Karakoram (1371–88)
Россия Mongolia
NORTHERN ZHOU (AD 557–581) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of a coup in the state of Western Wei. Destroyed by the Sui Dynasty and the Sui Empire formed. Capital is Chang'an
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
NORTUMBRIA (AD 616–878) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Great Britain (South East Scotland and North East England) as a result of the unification of Bernicia and Deira. The capitals are Bamburk, York. Attached to England
Great Britain
NORWAY (AD 872–1028},{1035–1319},{1363–1397},{1905–1940},{1945–) Monarchical state (Kingdom of Norway). (It originated on the territory of modern Norway as a result of the unification of separate Norwegian regions into a single state. Conquered by Denmark},{Recreated. United with Sweden},{Separated from Sweden. United with Denmark},{Recreated. Occupied by Germany},{Restored in result of the victory of the anti-Hitler coalition over Germany). Capital - Oslo
Great Britain Iceland Норвегия Швеция" "
NOVA COLONIA DEL SACRAMENTO (Port.) (AD 1680-1705}, {1716-1776) Colony of Portugal. (Formed on the territory of modern Uruguay as a result of the founding of a colony on the banks of La Plata}, {Conquered by Spain, became part of Peru (Sp.)}, {Returned to Portugal. Joined the Rio de la Plata (Sp.)). Capital - Colonia del Sacramento
Uruguay
NOVGOROD REPUBLIC (AD 1136–1259) State, feudal, republic. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from Kievan Rus. It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capital - Novgorod
Finland Россия
NOVGOROD REPUBLIC (yoke) (AD 1259–1478) State, feudal, republic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the Novgorod Republic falling under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Pirconnected to the Moscow principality (yoke). Capital - Novgorod
Россия Finland" "
NOVGOROD-SEVERSK PRINCIPALITY (AD 1097–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of secession from Kievan Rus. It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capital - Novgorod-Seversky
Ukraine Россия
NOVGOROD-SEVERSK PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1240–1362) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the Novgorod-Seversky principality falling under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Capital - Novgorod-Seversky
Россия Ukraine" "
NUMIDIA (201–46 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Algeria by uniting the Numidian tribes. The capitals are Zithra and Bulla Regia. Conquered by the Roman Republic

O

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Страна
ODRIS KINGDOM (460-341 BC}, {171 BC-AD 46) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria. (Formed as a result of the unification of the Thracian tribes. Capitals - Apollonia and Kypsela. Conquered by Macedonia}, {Separated from Macedonia. Became part of the Roman Empire).
Bulgaria Греции Турция" "
OGUZ STATE (AD 756–1055) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Kazakhstan as a result of the formation of the state among the Oghuz. The capital is Yangikent. It ceased to exist under the onslaught of the Kipchak tribes and became part of the Kipchak Khanate
OH (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nom), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Lower Egypt
OIL RIVERS PROTECTORATE (Brit.) (AD 1884-1893) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over local tribes. Renamed Niger Coast Protectorate (Brit.). Capital - Calabar
Nigeria
OLBIA (647-108 BC}, {63 BC - AD 370) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. (Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Miletus on the territory of modern Ukraine. Conquered by the Pontic kingdom}, {Restored independence. Destroyed by the Huns)
OLDENBURG (AD 1806–1810}, {1814–1871) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy (until 1829 - Duchy) of Oldenburg). (It was formed on the territory of modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (it was formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1773). Attached to France}, {Recreated. Became part of united Germany). In 1808-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Capital - Oldenburg
Germany
OLMEC CIVILIZATION (1500-500 BC) The first major civilization originated on the territory of Mexico. disappeared
OMAN (AD 1970–) State, monarchical (Sultanate Oman). Arose in the territory of Oman as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in Sultanate of Muscat and Oman. Capital — Muscat
OMAN (Port.) (AD 1508–1650) Possession of Portugal. Arose in the territory of Oman as a result of the conquest of its coastline of Portugal. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
ORAN (Spanish) (AD 1509–1708) Possession of Spain. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of the Spanish conquest of the fortress of Oran from the State of the Abdalwalids. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
ORANGE (AD 1530–1713) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Orange). Originated on the territory modern France (as a county within France existed since 1163) as a result of separation from the Papal States and the transition under the rule of the Nassau dynasty. It was part of the Holy Roman Empire. The capital is Orange. Annexed to France
France
ORANGE FREE STATE (AD 1854-1902) State of the Boers. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the recognition by Great Britain of the independence of the possession of Great Britain Orange River Sovereignty (Brit.). Conquered by Great Britain to form the Orange River Colony (Brit.). Capital - Bloemfontein
RSA
ORANGE RIVER COLONY (Brit.) (AD 1902-1910) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the British conquest of the Orange Free State. Joined the Union of South Africa. Capital - Bloemfontein
RSA
ORANGE RIVER SOVEREIGNTY (Brit.) (AD 1848-1854) State of the Boers. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the British conquest of the Orange River region. Great Britain recognized independence with the formation of the Orange Free State. Capital - Bloemfontein
RSA
ORDER OF THE Sword (AD 1207–1237) State, feudal, theocratic. Originated on the territory modern Latvia as a result of the conquest of part of the Latvian during the Northern Crusades by the knights of the Order of the Sword (founded in 1202). It was part of the Principality of Terra Mariana (part of the Holy Roman Empire). It became part of the Teutonic Order (under the name of the Livonian Order). The capital is Riga
Estonia Latvia
OTTOMAN EMIRATE (AD 1281–1452) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey by the Ottoman Turks on the territory allocated by the Konya Sultanate. An independent sultanate since 1299. The capital is Bursa. Transformed into the Ottoman Empire through conquests in Asia, Europe and Africa
Albania Bulgaria Greece Greece Македония Румыния Сербия Турция" "
OTTOMAN EMPIRE (AD 1453–1918) State, feudal. Formed in the territory of modern Turkey from Ottoman Beylik as a result of gains in Asia, Europe and Africa. The capital was Istanbul. Disintegrated as a result of defeat in World War I and occupied by the victorious states (Great Britain and France)
Azerbaijan Armenia Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Greece Hungary Greece Georgia Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Йемен Катар Cyprus Кувейт Ливан Ливия Македония Молдавия ОАЭ Россия (ЮФО) Румыния Саудовская Аравия Сербия Сирия Словакия Sudan Тунис Турция Ukraine Черногория South Sudan
OWNERSHIP OF A DUTCH WEST INDIAN COMPANY (AD 1634-1792) Possessions of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory. modern Curacao (Durch) as a result of the transfer of the rights of the West India Company to manage the island of Curacao. Transferred to the Netherlands
Aruba (Dutch) Curacao (Dutch) Sint Marten (Dutch) Caribbean Netherlands
OWNERSHIP OF IMPERIAL BRITISH EASTERN AFRICA COMPANY (AD 1888–1895) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Kenya as a result of the granting of the right to manage British holdings in East Africa. Transferred to Great Britain and renamed British East Africa. Capital - Mombasa
Kenya Uganda

P

Историческая справка

Страна
PACIFIC ISLANDS (US Trusteeship) (AD 1947-1994) US Trust Territory. Formed on the territory of modern Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands (USA) and Palau as a result of the transfer of the South Pacific Mandate (Jap.) to US control. Capital - Saipan
Marshall Islands Federated States of Micronesia Northern Mariana Islands (USA) Palau
PAFLAGONIA (281–107 BC) Hellenistic slaveholding state, form of government monarchy. It was formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great on the territory. modern Turkey. Included in the Pontic kingdom.
PAGAN (AD 1044–1297) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Pagan). Formed on the territory modern Myanmar as a result of the unification of disparate principalities by the king of Anoratha. Destroyed as a result of Mongol raids. Capital - Pagan
Myanmar
PAHANG (AD 1770–1895) State, feudal (Sultanate of Pahang). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of secession from the Sultanate of Johor. It became part of the protectorate of the Federated Malay States (Brit.). Capital - Pecan
Malaysia
PAKISTAN (AD 1947 -) State Muslim. (Islamic Republic of Pakistan). Formed on the territory of Pakistan as a result of withdrawal from the British India and the declaration of independence from Great Britain (until 1956 - Dominion). Capitals - Karachi (1947-1958), Rawalpindi (1958-1962), Islamabad (1962)
PALA EMPIRE (AD 750-1174) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result coming to power in Bengal Pala dynasty. Empire conquered Sena
India Bangladesh Nepal Bangladesh Myanmar
PALAU (AD 1994–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Palau). Formed on the territory of modern Palau as a result of the withdrawal from the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (USA) and the declaration of independence. Capital - Ngerulmud (from 2006), Koror (until 2006)
Palau
PALESTINE (Brit.) (AD 1922–1948) League of Nations Mandate under British administration. Educated on the territory modern Israel as a result of accession to the territory of Palestine (a zone of British occupation) of the southwestern part of Syria. The capital is Jerusalem. Ceased to exist as a result of the declaration of independence by the State of Israel (May 14, 1948)
PALESTINE (zone of British occupation) (AD 1918–1922) Territory occupied by one of the victorious states in the 1st World War (Great Britain). Formed as a result of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Jerusalem. Transferred by the League of Nations under the mandate of Great Britain (Palestine (Brit.))
PALLAVA EMPIRE (AD 315–898) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the collapse of the Satavahan Empire. Capital - Kanchi. Won state Chola
India
PALMIRA ATOLL (USA) (AD 1900–) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). Formed on the territory of modern Palmyra Atoll (USA) as a result of the annexation of the United States
PAMPLONA (AD 824–1004) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Pamplona). Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of separation from the Frankish State. The capital is Pamplona. Renamed to Navarre
PANAMA (AD 1903-) A state capitalist, republic (Republic of Panama). Formed on the territory of Panama as a result of separation from Colombia. Capital - Panama
PANAMA CANAL ZONE (USA) (AD 1903-1979) Possession of the United States. Founded on the territoryof Panama as a result of the transition area around the Panama Canal under the control of the United States. Attached to Panama. Capital - Balboa
PANCHALA (1100–600 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India. Fell into disrepair
India
PANDYA (300 BC-AD 1334) State, slave, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the beginning of the reign kind Pandya. Capital - Madurai. Won Madurai Sultanate
PANTICAPOY (600-480 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Miletus on the territory. modern Ukraine. It became part of the Bosporus kingdom, becoming its capital. Was on the territory. modern Kerch
PAPES (AD 752-1798}, {1799-1809}, {1815-1870) Monarchic, theocratic state. (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of separation from the Lombard Kingdom. Transformed into the Roman Republic}, {Restored. Divided between France and the Italian Kingdom}, {Restored. Attached to Italy). Capital - Rome
Italy France Ватикан
PAPHOS (669–570 BC) Greek city-state. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient). According to mythology, the city of Paphos is the birthplace of the Greek goddess of love, Aphrodite
Cyprus
PAPUA - NEW GUINEA (AD 1975–) State, capitalist (Independent State of Papua New Guinea). Formed on the territory of modern Papua New Guinea as a result of the declaration of independence from Australia in the UN Trust Territory Papua New Guinea (Austral.). Capital - Port Moresby
Papua New Guinea
PAPUA - NEW GUINEA (Austral.) (AD 1919-1949) Possession of Australia (Trust Territory of the United Nations Territory of Papua New Guinea). Formed on the territory of modern Papua New Guinea as a result of the unification of the Austral. colony of Papua (Austral.) and the Mandatory Territory of New Guinea (Austral.). Capital - Port Moresby
Papua New Guinea
PAPUA (Austral.) (AD 1902-1949) Possession of Australia, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Papua New Guinea as a result of the transfer of the colony of New Guinea (Britain) under the control of Australia. As a result of the unification with the Mandatory Territory of New Guinea (Australia), the Trust Territory of the United Nations Papua New Guinea (Australia) was formed. Capital - Port Moresby
Papua New Guinea
PAPUA (Brit.) (AD 1883-1902) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Papua New Guinea as a result of the annexation of the territory by Great Britain. Transferred under the control of Australia .. Capital - Port Moresby
Papua New Guinea
PARAGUAY (AD 1811–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Paraguay). Formed on the territory of modern Paraguay as a result of the withdrawal from the Rio de la Plata (Sp.) and the proclamation of the independence of the Republic of Paraguay. Capital - Asuncion
Paraguay Brazil
PARMA DUchy (AD 1545–1801}, {1815–1859) State, monarchical (Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla). (It originated on the territory of modern Italy as a result of separation from the Duchy of Milan. It became part of the Cisalpine Republic}, {Restored after the end of the French occupation. It became part of the United Provinces of Central Italy). Capital - Parma
Italy
PARTENOPEAN REPUBLIC (AD 1799, January–1799, July) State, subsidiary republic of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the overthrow of the monarchy in the Kingdom of Naples. Eliminated as a result of the restoration of the monarchy in the Kingdom of Naples. The capital is Naples
Italy
PARTHIAN KINGDOM (250 BC - AD 224) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. Originated on the territory modern Iran. It was torn away from the State of the Seleucids by the Saka tribe of Parns. The capital is Hecatompylae. Ceased to exist as a result of the seizure of power by the ancient Persian Sassanid dynasty (Persian Sassanid Empire)
Afghanistan Bahrain Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Кувейт Ливан Pakistan Сирия Туркмения Турция " "
PASAI (AD 1267–1521) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia as a result of separation from the state of Srivijaya. Became part of the Aceh Sultanate. Capital - Pasai
Indonesia
PELUSSIUM (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Lower Egypt
PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF YEMEN (AD 1970–1990) State socialist. Formed on the territory of Yemen as a result of renaming the People's Republic of South Yemen. Capital — Aden. Became part of Yemen
Йемен
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF SOUTH YEMEN (AD 1967–1970) State socialist. Arose in the territory of Yemen as a result of the declaration of independence from the UK Federation of South Arabia (UK) and the Protectorate of South Arabia (UK). Capital — Aden. Renamed the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen
Йемен
PERAK (AD 1528–1895) State, feudal (Sultanate of Perak). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia after the collapse of the Malacca Sultanate in 1511. It became part of the protectorate of the Federated Malay States (Brit.). Capital - Ipoh
Malaysia
PEREYASLAV PRINCIPALITY (AD 1054–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of secession from Kievan Rus. Conquered by the Golden Horde. Capital - Pereyaslavl
PERSIA (AD 1750–1935) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Persian State of Nadir Shah and the coming to power of the Zend dynasty. The capital is Tehran. Renamed to Iran
Bahrain Iran Туркмения Турция" "
PERSIAN EMPIRE OF THE AKHEMENIDS (550–330 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Iran. It was formed as a result of the seizure of power in Media by the ancient Persian Achaemenid dynasty. The capital is Persepolis (main). Became part of the Empire of Alexander the Great. Most prominent ruler Cyrus II [550–530 BC]
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Bahrain Bulgaria Georgia Greece Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Казахстан Cyprus Киргизия Кувейт Ливан Ливия Pakistan Румыния Сирия Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан" "
PERSIAN POWER OF NADIR SHAH (AD 1736–1750) State, feudal. Formed as a result on the territory. modern Iranian coup d'état in the Persian Safavid state by Nadir Khan Afshar. The capital is Mashhad. Disintegrated, the Zend dynasty came to power, forming Persia
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Bahrain Iran Pakistan Россия (ЮФО) Туркмения Турция" "
PERSIAN SASANID EMPIRE (AD 224-651) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Iran. It was formed on the site of the Parthian kingdom as a result of the seizure of power by the Sassanid dynasty. The capital is Ctesiphon. Conquered by the Arab Caliphate
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Bahrain Georgia Ирак Iran Йемен Казахстан Катар Киргизия Кувейт Cyprus ОАЭ Оман Pakistan Россия (ЮФО) Саудовская Аравия Сирия Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан
PERSIAN STATE OF THE SAFEVIDS (AD 1502–1736) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the seizure of power in the capital of the State of Ak-Koyunlu Tabriz, on the territory. modern Iran by the Safavid dynasty. As a result of the coup d'état, it was transformed into the Persian State of Nadir Shah
Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Bahrain Ирак Iran Кувейт Pakistan Россия (ЮФО) Сирия Туркмения Турция" "
PERU (AD 1824–1836}, {1839–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Peru). (It was born on the territory of modern Peru as a result of the defeat of Spain in the War of Independence and the proclamation of independence in Peru (Sp.)}, {It became a member of the Confederation of Peru and Bolivia. It seceded from the Confederation of Peru and Bolivia). Capital - Lima
Boliviina Chile Peru Эквадор
PERU (Sp.) (AD 1533-1824) A colony of Spain (from 1535 - Vice-Kingdom). Formed on the territory оf Peru as a result of campaigns F. Pissaro and conquest of the Inca Empire. Ceased to exist defeat in the War of Independence. Capitals - Kusko, Lima
Argentina Boliviina Brazil Chile Colombina Ecuador Панама Peru Guyana Suriname Paraguay Uruguay
PERVANE (AD 1292–1393}, {1402–1461) State, feudal. (Formed on the territory of modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capital - Sinop
PHANAGORIA (543–480 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Teos on the territory. modern Russia. Became part of the Bosporan kingdom
PHILIPPINES (AD 1946–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of the Philippines). Formed on the territory of modern Philippines as a result of the declaration of independence from the United States. Capital - Manila
Philippines
PHILIPPINES (Sp.) (AD 1565–1898) Colony of Spain (captainship general). Created on the territory modern Philippines as part of New Spain. It ceased to exist as a result of the Spanish-American War and the occupation of the United States and the transformation into the possession of the United States. Capitals - Cebu (1565-1571), Manila (1571-1898)
Philippines
PHILIPPINES (USA) (AD 1898-1941}, {1945-1946) Possession of the USA. (Formed on the territory of the present-day Philippines as a result of the transfer of the Philippines (Spanish) to the USA. Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation. The independent state of the Philippine Republic is proclaimed). Capital - Manila
Philippines
PHOENICIA (2025–564 BC) Conglomerate of city-states, Phoenician slave. Born on the territory modern Lebanon. Created by the Phoenicians. Conquered by Babylonia
Phrygia (1200–550 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Formed by the Phrygians on the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Gordion. Conquered by Lydia
PINYA (AD 1313–1365) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Myanmar as a result of a coup in the state of Myinsaing. Disintegrated, in its place the state of Ava was formed. Capital - Pinya
Myanmar
PIOMBINO (AD 1399-1801) State, feudal, monarchical (since 1594 - the Principality of Piombino). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Pisan Republic (formally part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Piombino. Annexed to the Kingdom of Etruria
Italy
PISA REPUBLIC (AD 1003–1406) State, feudal, oligarchic republic. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Pisa. Conquered by the Florentine Republic
France Italy Испания
PITCARNE ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1838–) British possession, overseas territory. Formed on the territory. modern Pitcairn Islands (Brit.) as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over Pitcairn Island. Capital - Adamstown
Острова Питкэрн (Брит.)
PITIUNTE (500–102 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Georgia. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus. Located on the site of the current Pitsunda
Georgia
POLAND (AD 960–1569},{1916–1939},{1945–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Poland). (It originated on the territory of modern Poland as a result of the unification of Polish tribes and the formation of the Polish principality, from 1025 - the Kingdom of Poland. United with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania into the Commonwealth confederation}, {Revived as a result of the recognition by Germany and Austria-Hungary of the independent Kingdom of Poland, with 1919 - Republic of Poland. Liquidated by Germany as a result of occupation, the General Government was created on the territory of Poland},{Recreated as a result of liberation from German occupation by Soviet troops; in 1945-1989 - the Polish People's Republic). Capitals - Gniezno (until 1320), Krakow (1320–1569), Warsaw
Belarus Czech Republic Germany Hungary Germany Lithuania Польша Словакия Ukraine
POMERUN (Dutch) (AD 1650-1689) Colony of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory. modern Guyana as a result of the founding of the Dutch West India Company settlement on the banks of the Pomeroon River. Destroyed by France, the territory became part of Essequibo (Dutch). Capital - New Middelburg
Guyana
PONTIAN KINGDOM (301–63 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning state, form of government monarchy. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great on the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Amasya. Incorporated into the Roman Republic
Georgia Россия (ЮФО) Турция Ukraine" "
PORTUGAL (AD 1143–1581},{1640–) State, capitalist (Portuguese Republic). (It was formed on the territory of modern Portugal as a result of separation from the Kingdom of Castile and Leon. Became part of Spain}, {Separated from Spain). Capitals - Coimbra (until 1256), Lisbon
Guiana (Fr.) Uruguay Португалия "
PORTUGUESE INDIA (AD 1505-1961) Possession of Portugal. Formed as a result of warping Portuguese colonies in India. Capital - Cochin, Goa (1530). Became a part of India
India
POSSESSION HAMDANIDS (AD 905-1003) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Iraq as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. The capital is Mosul. Conquered by the Fatimid Caliphate
Powys (AD 410–854) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Powys). Originated on the territory modern Great Britain as a result of the separation of the territory of eastern Wales, inhabited by cornovii, from the Western Roman Empire. The capitals are Pengvern, Matarwal. Became part of Gwynedd
Great Britain
PRC (PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA) (AD 1949–) State, socialist republic. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the victory in the civil war over the army of the Republic of China and the proclamation of the People's Republic of China on the territory of mainland China (Republic of China relocated to Taiwan, which is now a partially recognized state). Capital - Beijing
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
PRINCIPALITY OF ALBANIA (AD 1368–1444) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of secession from the Kingdom of Naples. Became part of the Lega League. Capital - Durres
Albania
PRINCIPALITY OF ANTIOCHE (AD 1098–1268) State, feudal, monarchical. It was formed by the crusaders on the territory of the Seljuk State (the territory of modern Syria). The capital is Antioch. Conquered by the Mamluk State
PRINCIPALITY OF ARBERIA (AD 1190–1254) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of secession from the Byzantine Empire. It became part of the Despotate of Epirus. Capital - Kruya
Albania
PRINCIPALITY OF CAPUIA (AD 862–1130) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Capua). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the Principality of Salerno. Annexed to the Kingdom of Apulia and Sicily. Capital - Capua
Italy
PRINCIPALITY OF CHERNIGOV (AD 1097–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from Kievan Rus (it existed as part of Kievan Rus since 1024). It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capital - Chernihiv
Belarus Россия Ukraine" "
PRINCIPALITY OF CHERNIGOV (yoke) (AD 1240–1356) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of falling of the Chernihiv principality under the Tatar-Mongolian yoke. It became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Chernigov Principality existed as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1401). Capital - Chernihiv
Belarus Ukraine Россия (ЦФО)" "
PRINCIPALITY OF GALICIA (AD 1140–1199) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from Kievan Rus (it existed as part of Kievan Rus since 1084). United with the Volyn principality in the Galicia-Volyn principality. Capital - Galich
PRINCIPALITY OF GALICIA-VOLYNIA (AD 1199–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the unification of the Galician and Volyn principalities. It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capitals - Vladimir-Volynsky (1199-1205), Galich (1238-1240)
Belarus Польша Ukraine" "
PRINCIPALITY OF GURI (osm.) (AD 1555–1804) State, feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the entry of the Gurian principality into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Ozurgeti. Became part of the Russian Empire
PRINCIPALITY OF MOLDOVA (AD 1359–1456}, {1856–1859) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Romania as a result of separation from Hungary. It fell into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire}, {Recreated as an independent principality. Merged with the Principality of Wallachia into the United Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia). Capitals - Siret (1359-1385), Suceava (from 1385-1456), Iasi (from 1856)
PRINCIPALITY OF NITRA (AD 796–833) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Slovakia after the destruction of the Avar Khaganate by the Frankish state. It became part of Great Moravia. Capital - Nitra
Hungary Словакия" "
PRINCIPALITY OF POLOCK (AD 1044–1307) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Belarus as a result of separation from Kievan Rus (it existed as part of Kievan Rus since 981). Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Capital - Polotsk
Belarus Latvia Lithuania Польша Россия (ЦФО)" "
PRINCIPALITY OF PRAGUE (AD 895–950) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Czech Republic as a result of separation from Great Moravia. Became part of the German kingdom. Capital - Prague
Czech Republic
PRINCIPALITY OF SMOLENSK (AD 1127–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from Kievan Rus (it existed as part of Kievan Rus since 1010). It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capital - Smolensk
Belarus Россия (ЦФО)" "
PRINCIPALITY OF SMOLENSK (yoke) (AD 1240–1404) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the Smolensk principality falling under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Capital - Smolensk
PRINCIPALITY OF WALACHIA (AD 1330–1415}, {1856–1859) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Romania as a result of separation from Hungary. It fell into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Emirate}, {Recreated as an independent principality. Merged with the Principality of Moldova into the United Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia). The capitals are Campulung, Curtea de Arges, Bucharest
PROTECTORATE ADEN (UK) (AD 1869–1962) State under British protectorate. Formed on the territory of Yemen as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the sultanates and sheikhdoms South Arabia. Capital — Aden. Сonverted Protectorate of South Arabia (UK)
Йемен
PROTECTORATE OF SOUTH ARABIA (UK) (AD 1963–1967) State under British protectorate. Formed on the territory of Yemen as a result of сonverted Aden Protectorate (UK). Became part of the People's Republic of South Yemen
Йемен
PROVENCE (AD 855–879) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Provence). Originated on the territory modern France as a result of the division of the Middle Frankish Kingdom. The capital is Arles. Renamed Kingdom of Lower Burgundy
France Italy Монако Швейцария" "
PRUSSIA (AD 1701–1871) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Prussia). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the transformation of the Electorate of Brandenburg-Prussia, which was part of the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Became part of a united Germany. The capital is Berlin
Белоруссия Denmark Germany Lithuania Польша Россия (Калининград обл.) Швейцария" "
PSKOV REPUBLIC (AD 1348–1510) State, feudal, republic. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Novgorod Republic (yoke). Attached to the Moscow principality. Capital - Pskov
Россия (СЗФО) "
PTOLEMAI EGYPT (305–30 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. Originated on the territory modern Egypt. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great. Incorporated into the Roman Republic. The most prominent rulers: Ptolemy I [305–283 BC], former commander and bodyguard of Alexander the Great, Cleopatra [69–30 BC] and others
Greece Египет Израиль Иордания Cyprus Ливан Ливия Сирия Турция" "
PUERTO RICO (Sp.) (AD 1580-1898) Colony of Spain (captaincy general). Created on the territory of modern Puerto Rico (USA) as part of New Spain. It ceased to exist as a result of the Spanish-American War and the US occupation. Capital - San Juan
Puerto Rico (USA)
PUERTO RICO (USA) (AD 1898–) US possession, unincorporated organized territory; a state associated with the United States. Formed on the territory of modern Puerto Rico (USA) as a result of the US occupation of the Colony of Puerto Rico (Sp.). Capital - San Juan
Puerto Rico (USA)
PYLOS (1700–1200 BC) City-state. It originated during the Mycenaean civilization on the territory. modern Greece. Destroyed by nomads called "peoples of the sea
Greece

Q

Историческая справка

Страна
QARA KHITAI (AD 1124–1218) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern China as a result of the fall of the Liao Empire. Originated Khitan prince Ye-lu Dashi. The capital was Balasagun (from 1134). Conquered by Mongol Empire
Казахстан Киргизия PRC (People's Republic Of China) Россия Mongolia Таджикистан Узбекистан" "
QATABAN (750–25 BC},{AD 100–160) State, slave, monarchical. (Arose in the territory of Yemen. Сonquered by Himyar}, {Separated from Himyar.Сonquered by Hadramaut). Capital — Timna
Йемен
QATAR (AD 1850–1868},{1971–) State, monarchical (from 1971 — State of Qatar). (Arose in the territory of Qatar as a result of separation from the Emirate of Nejd. Establishing a British protectorate — Qatar (UK). In 1871–1914 — in the Ottoman Empire}, {Declaration of independence from Great Britain). Capital — Doha
QATAR (Port.) (AD 1517–1538) Possession of Portugal. Arose in the territory of Qatar as a result of his conquest of Portugal. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire
QATAR (UK) (AD 1868–1871},{1914–1971) State, monarchical under British protectorate. (Arose in the territory of Qatar as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over Qatar. Occupied by the Ottoman Empire}, {Restored British protectorate. September 3, 1971 proclaimed the independent State of Qatar). Capital — Doha
QIN EMPIRE (221–206 BC) Ancient state . Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the unification of small appanage principalities by the ruler of the kingdom of Qin Shi Huangdi. As a result of the uprising, a new Han dynasty came to power. Capital - Xianyang
PRC (People's Republic Of China)
QING EMPIRE (AD 1636–1912) State, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern China as a result of the separation of Northeast China (Manchuria) from the Great Ming Empire. As a result of the revolution, the Republic of China was proclaimed. The capitals were Shengjing (1636–1644), Peking (1644–1912)
Казахстан Киргизия Россия (СибФО) Россия (ДФО) PRC (People's Republic Of China) Mongolia
QUEBEC (Brit.) (AD 1763-1791) a British colony (since 1783 as part of the British North America). Formed on the territory of Canada as a result of the transfer of New France territory UK. Divided between Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Capital - Quebec
QUEENSLAND (Brit.) (AD 1859-1901) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of separation from the colony of New South Wales (Brit.). It became part of the dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia. Capital - Brisbane

R

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Страна
RAI EMPIRE (AD 489–651) The State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of Pakistan as a result of separation from the Gupta Empire. Capital - Al-Rohr. Conquered by the Arab Caliphate
RASHKA (AD 825–917}, {1170–1346) State, feudal, monarchical (principality until 1217, kingdom from 1217). (It originated on the territory of modern Serbia as a result of separation from the First Bulgarian Kingdom. It became part of the First Bulgarian Kingdom}, {Separated from the Byzantine Empire. Became part of the Serbian Kingdom). Capital - Stari Ras
Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Македония Сербия Черногория" "
RASHTRAKUTA EMPIRE (AD 753–982) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of conquest Chalukya Rashtrakuta dynasty. Chalukyas. Capital - Manyakheta. Won West Chalukya
India
REDDI KINGDOM (AD 1325–1448) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India after the collapse of the Kakatiya. Capital - Addanki. Won Vijayanagara Empire
India
REGED (AD 450–638) State, feudal, monarchical. Founded by the Britons on the territory. modern Great Britain (in Scotland). The capital is Carlisle. Conquered by Northumbria
REPUBLIC OF CHINA (AD 1912–1949) State, republic. Originated in the territory of modern PRC as a result of the overthrow of the monarchical system in the Qing Empire. After the defeat in the civil war, it relocated to the island of Taiwan (in the now partially recognized state – Taiwan), in the territory of mainland China in 1949 the People's Republic of China was proclaimed. Capital – Beijing
Россия (СибФО) PRC (People's Republic Of China)
REPUBLIC OF GENOA (AD 1005–1797) State, feudal, oligarchic republic. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Genoa. Incorporated by Napoleon into the Ligurian Republic
France Greece Italy Монако
REPUBLIC OF ITALY (NAPOLEON) (AD 1802–1805) State, subsidiary kingdom of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the renaming of the Cisalpine Republic. Transformed into the Kingdom of Italy (Napoleon). The capital is Milan
Italy
REPUBLIC OF KOREA (AD 1948–) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of Korea as a result of the proclamation of the Republic of Korea within the American Occupation Zone of Korea. Capital - Seoul
Republic Of Korea
REPUBLIC OF RIFA (AD 1921–1926) State, capitalist (Confederate Republic of the Tribes of Rif). Educated on the territory modern Morocco, as a result of the declaration of independence of the tribes of Rif, is led by Abd al-Krim in the territory of Spanish Morocco. Incorporated into Spanish Morocco
REPUBLIC OF SEVEN ISLANDS (AD 1800–1807) Greek state, protectorate of the Ottoman Empire (actually a protectorate of the Russian Empire). Formed on the territory modern Greece as a result of the liberation of the Ionian Islands by the Russian squadron. The capital is not. Became part of France, since 1809 - part of the Illyrian provinces (fr.))
REPUBLIC OF SIENNA (AD 1143–1555) State, feudal, oligarchic republic. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Siena. Became part of the Duchy of Florence
Italy
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA (RSA) (AD 1961–) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the transformation of the Union of South Africa into Republic of South Africa. Capitals - Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)
RSA
REPUBLIC OF THE UNITED PROVINCES (AD 1581–1795) State, republican. Formed on the territory modern Netherlands as a result of the victory of the Dutch bourgeois revolution and separation from the Holy Roman Empire. Transformed into the Batavian Republic as a result of the Napoleonic Wars. The capital is The Hague
Germany Нидерланды" "
REPUBLIC OF VENICE (AD 697–1797) State, feudal, oligarchic republic. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire. The capital is Venice. Divided between the Austrian Empire, the Cisalpine Republic and France
Albania Croatia Greece Italy Cyprus Словения Черногория" "
REUNION (Fr.) (AD 1793–1801}, {1848–) Possession of France, overseas department. (Formed on the territory of modern Reunion (Fr.) as a result of renaming the island of Bourbon (Fr.). Renamed to Bonaparte Island (Fr.)}, {Island of Bourbon (Fr.) renamed to Reunion (Fr.)). Capital - Saint-Denis
Reunion (Fr.)
REUSS (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Principality of Reuss). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (consisted of four parts: the Principality of Reuss-Ebersdorf, Reuss-Greutz, Reiss-Lobenstein, Reuss-Schleutz; in 1848 they were transformed into two principalities: Reuss of the junior line and Reuss of the senior line). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany). Capital - Gera
Germany
RHODES (408-340 BC}, {190 BC - AD 44) State, slaveholding. (It was formed on the territory of modern Greece as a result of the unification of the cities of the island of Rhodes. It was conquered by the Persian Empire of the Achaemenids}. {It left the Seleucid State. It became part of the Roman Empire). The capital is Rhodes
Greece Турция" "
RHODESIA (Brit.) (AD 1895-1924) A British holding run by the British South African Company. Formed on the territory of modern Zambia and Zimbpbwe as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over Barotseland. Divided into Northern Rhodesia (Brit.) and Southern Rhodesia (Brit.). Capital - Salisbury
Zambia Zimbabwe
RIAU-LINGGA (AD 1824–1911) State, feudal (Sultanate of Riau-Lingga). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of secession from the Sultanate of Johor. It became part of the Dutch East Indies. Capital - Dyke
Indonesia Singapore
RIO DE LA PLATA (Sp.) (AD 1776-1814) Colony of Spain (Viceroyalty). Formed on the territory of modern Argentina as a result of separation from Peru (Sp.). It broke up into the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata, Paraguay and Bolivia (ceded to Peru (Sp.)). Capital - Buenos Aires
Argentina Boliviina Brazil Paraguay Uruguay Бразилия" "
RIVIÈRES DU SUD (Fr.) (AD 1882-1891} Possession of France, a colony. Formed on the territory of modern Guinea as a result of the unification of the coastal Guinean territories occupied by France into the colony of Rivières du Sud (Fr.). Renamed into Guinea (Fr.). Capital - Conakry
Guinea Côte d'Ivoire
RODESIA (AD 1964-1979) An unrecognized state (since 1970 - the Republic of Rhodesia; in 1979 - Zimbabwe-Rhodesia). Formed on the territory of modern Zimbabwe as a result of the collapse of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (Brit.). British possession of Southern Rhodesia (Brit.) is re-established. Capital - Salisbury
Zimbabwe
ROMAN REPUBLIC (509–27 BC) State, slaveholding, form of government republic. Originated on the territory modern Italy. Founded as a result of the overthrow of the king in Rome (ancient). The capital is Rome. Transformed into a monarchy - the Roman Empire
Austria Albania Алжир Andorra Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia France Germany Gibraltar Ватикан Great Britain Georgia Greece Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Испания Italy Cyprus Ливан Ливия Лихтенштейн Люксембург Мальта Македония Марокко Монако Нидерланды Португалия Румыния Сан-Марино Сербия Сирия Словения Тунис Турция Черногория Швейцария" "
ROMAN REPUBLIC (NAPOLEON) (AD 1798–1799) State, subsidiary republic of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of the liquidation of the Papal States by Napoleon. Eliminated as a result of the restoration of the Papal States. The capital is Rome
Italy Ватикан
ROMANIA (AD 1862–) State, capitalist, republic (until 1947 - monarchy, Kingdom (until 1881 - Principality) of Romania) (Republic of Romania; in 1946-1989 - the Socialist Republic of Romania, until 1965 - the Romanian People's Republic). Originated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the transformation of the United Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia into the Kingdom of Romania. Capital - Bucharest
Bulgaria Молдавия Румыния Ukraine" "
ROME (754–509 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Latins on the territory. modern Italy. Transformed into the Roman Republic. Legendary founder and ruler - Romulus {754–716}
Italy
ROSTOV PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1364–1474) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Vladimir principality (yoke). Attached to the Moscow principality. Capital - Rostov
ROURAN KHAGANATE (AD 402–552) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Mongolia as a result of merger Mongolian nomadic tribes. Converted in Turkic Khaganate as a result of the conquest by the Turks
Казахстан Киргизия Россия (СибФО) Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China)
RUANDA-URUNDI (Belg.)( (AD 1916-1962) Possession of Belgium, mandate (trust) territory. Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of the occupation of part of the territory of German East Africa by Belgium and later (since 1922) transferring it under the mandate control of Belgium. Independence was proclaimed and divided into the states of Rwanda and Burundi. Capital - Usumbura
Rwanda Burundi
RUSSIA (AD 1991–) State, republic (Russian Federation). Formed as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Moscow the capital
RUSSIAN AMERICA (AD 1799-1867) Ownership of the Russian Empire. The resulting base of the Russian-American Company of colonies on the territory of present-day Alaska, USA. Capital - Archangel. Sold USA
RUSSIAN EMPIRE (AD 1721–1917) State, monarchical. It developed on the territory. modern Russia was the basis of the Russian kingdom, which Peter I declared an empire. The capital is St. Petersburg. As a result of the February Revolution, the Russian Republic was proclaimed
Azerbaijan Armenia Belarus Estonia Finland Georgia Iran Latvia Lithuania Казахстан Киргизия Молдавия Норвегия Польша Россия (ПФО) Россия (СЗФО) Россия (УФО) Россия (ЦФО) Россия (ЮФО) Россия (СибФО) Россия (ДФО) Румыния Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан Ukraine " "
RUSSIAN REPUBLIC (AD 1917, February–1917, October) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory modern Russia as a result of the liquidation of the monarchy in the Russian Empire during the February Revolution. Transformed into Soviet Russia (RSFSR) as a result of a coup d'état (October Revolution). Capital - Petrograd
Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Belarus Estonia Finland Latvia Lithuania Казахстан Киргизия Молдавия Польша Россия (ПФО) Россия (СЗФО) Россия (УФО) Россия (ЦФО) Россия (ЮФО) Россия (СибФО) Россия (ДФО) Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан Ukraine
RUSSIAN Tsardom (AD 1547–1721) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Russia's transformation resulted from the coronation of the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan IV the Terrible as tsar. Transformed into the Russian Empire by Peter I. Capital - Moscow
Finland Казахстан Россия (ПФО) Россия (СЗФО) Россия (УФО) Россия (ЦФО) Россия (ЮФО) Россия (СибФО) Россия (ДФО) Ukraine Эстония" "
RUSTAMID STATE (AD 761–909) State, feudal theocratic (Kharijite) Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of the unification of the Berber tribes. The capital is Tahart. Conquered by the Fatimid Caliphate.
RWANDA (AD 1962–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Rwanda). Formed on the territory of modern Rwanda as a result of the declaration of independence of the possession of Ruanda-Urundi (Belg.) and its division into the states of Rwanda and Burundi. Capital - Kigali
Rwanda
RYAZAN PRINCIPALITY (AD 1129–1240}, {AD 1480–1521) State, feudal, Slavic (Ryazan principality, Muromo-Ryazan principality, Ryazan grand principality). (It originated on the territory of modern Russia as a result of separation from the Chernigov principality. It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke}, {Returned independence. Attached to the Moscow principality). Capitals - Ryazan, Pereyaslavl-Ryazan
RYAZAN PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1240–1480) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the Ryazan principality falling under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Returned independence. Capital - Chernihiv
RYUKYU (AD 1429-1879) State, feudal, monarchical (Ryukyu Korodevstvo). Formed on the territory of modern Japan on the Ryukyu Islands as a result of the unification of separate principalities. Attached to Japan. Capital - Shuri
  • Japan

    • S

    Историческая справка

    Страна
    SAADIAN EMPIRE (AD 1509–1659) State, the feudal theocratic Arab-muslim. Formed in the territory of modern Morocco as a result of separation from Wattasid sultanate. The capital was Marrakesh. as a result of the collapse of Formed by Alawite dynasty
    Алжир Марокко Mauritania Mali Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
    SAAR (AD 1920–1935) Territory administered by the League of Nations. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of separation from Germany after the defeat of Germany in the 1st World War. Became part of Germany. Capital: Saarbrücken
    SAAR (fr.) (AD 1945–1956) Protectorate of France. Formed on the territory. modern Germany as a result of the occupation of the territory by France as a result of the defeat of Germany in the 2nd World War. Became part of Germany. Capital: Saarbrücken
    Germany
    SABA (1200–25 BC},{AD 100–270) State, slave, monarchical (Sabaean Kingdom). (Arose in the territory of Yemen as a result of the relocation of tribes Sabeans from northwestern Arabia. Сonquered by Himyar}, {Separated from Himyar.Сonquered by Himyar). Capitals — Marib, Sanaa. Visit ruler Sabaean kingdom Bilqis (Queen of Saba) to King Solomon described in the Bible
    Йемен
    SAGAING (AD 1315-1365) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Myanmar after the destruction of the state of Pagan. Transformed into the State of Ava. Capital - Sagaing
    Myanmar
    SAHRAWI ARAB DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC (SADR) (AD 1976–) Partially recognized state. Formed on the territory of modern Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic as a result of the declaration of independence in the possession of Spanish Sahara, most of the country is occupied by Morocco. Capital - Tifariti (actual)
    Марокко Mauritania Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
    SAINT BARTHÉLEMY (Fr.) (AD 2007–) Possession of France, overseas community. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Barthélemy (Fr.) as a result of separation from the possession of Guadeloupe (Fr.). Capital - Gustavia
    Saint Barthélemy (Fr.)
    SAINT BARTHÉLEMY (Sw.) (AD 1784–1801}, {1802–1878) Possession of Sweden, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Saint Barthélemy (Fr.) as a result of the purchase of an island from France by Sweden. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Liberated from occupation. Returned to France, became part of the possession of Guadeloupe (Fr.)). Capital - Gustavia
    Saint Barthélemy (Fr.)
    SAINT CHRISTOPHER-NEVIS-ANGUILLA (Brit.) (AD 1962-1983) Possession of Great Britain (since 1967 - a state associated with Great Britain) .Formed on the territory of modern Saint Kitts and Nevis as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (British). The independent state of Saint Kitts and Nevis is proclaimed. Capital - Basseterre
    Saint Kitts and Nevis Anguilla (Brit.)
    SAINT HELENA (Brit.) (AD 1657-2009) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory. modern Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Brit.) as a result of the British conquest of Saint Helena. Renamed Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Brit.). Capital - Jamestown
    Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Brit.)
    SAINT HELENA, ASCENSION AND TRISTAN DA CUNHA (Brit.) (AD 2009–) British possession. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Brit.) as a result of the renaming of Saint Helena (Brit.). Capital - Jamestown
    Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Brit.)
    SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS (AD 1983–) State capitalistic (Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis). Formed on the territory of modern Saint Kitts and Nevis as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (Brit.). Capital - Basseterre
    Saint Kitts and Nevis
    SAINT LUCIA (AD 1979–) State capitalistic. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Lucia as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Saint Lucia (Brit.). Capital - Castries
    Saint Lucia
    SAINT LUCIA (Fr.) (AD 1643-1762}, {1763-1778}, {1794-1795}, {1796-1802}, {1803-1803) Possession of France, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Lucia as a result of the conquest of the island of Saint Lucia by France. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Conquered by Great Britain). Capital - Castries
    Saint Lucia
    SAINT MARTIN (Fr.) (AD 2007–) Possession of France, overseas community. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Martin (Fr.) as a result of separation from the possession of Guadeloupe (Fr.). Capital - Marigot
    Saint Martin (Fr.)
    SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON (Fr.) (AD 1763–1778},{1783–1793},{1816–) Possession of France, overseas community. (Formed on the territory of modern Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Fr.) as a result of the transfer of the islands from Great Britain to France. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Returned to France. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Returned to France)Capital - Saint-Pierre
    Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Fr.)
    SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES (AD 1979–) State capitalistic. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (Brit.). Capital - Kingstown
    Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES (Brit.) (AD 1776-1779}, {1784-1833}, {1962-1979) Possession of Great Britain, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as a result of the British conquest of the island of Saint Vincent. Occupied by France}, {Liberated from occupation. It became part of the British Windward Islands colony}, {Withdrew from the West Indies Federation (Brit.} The independent state of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is proclaimed). Capital - Kingstown
    Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    SAINT. LUCIA (Brit.) (AD 1803-1838}, {1962-1979) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Lucia as a result of the British conquest of the French colony Saint Lucia (Fr.). Joined the British Windward Isles colony}, {Separated from the West Indies Federation (Brit.). The independent state of Saint Lucia is proclaimed). Capital - Castries
    Saint Lucia
    SAINT-DOMINGUE (Fr.) (AD 1625-1804) Colony of France. Created on the territory of modern Haiti as a result of the conquest of the island of Tortuga from Spain. The independent empire of Haiti is proclaimed. Capital - Cap-France (until 1770), Port-au-Prince (from 1770)
    Dominican Republic Haiti
    SAIS (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nom), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Lower Egypt
    SAJID STATE (AD 889–941) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. The capitals are Maragha, Ardabil. Transformed into the Salarid State as a result of the conquest of power by the Salarid dynasty
    Azerbaijan Iran
    SALAMINUS (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient). According to Greek tradition, the city was founded after the Trojan War by the son of Telamon, the archer Tevkrom
    Cyprus
    SALERNO (AD 849–1078) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Salerno). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the Principality of Benevento. Annexed to the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria. Capital - Salerno
    Italy
    SALM (AD 1806–1810) State, monarchical (Principality of Salm). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1802). Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. Attached to France (in 1814 attached to Prussia). Capital - Bocholt
    Germany
    SALUZZO (AD 1142-1548) State, feudal, monarchical. (Margraviate of Saluzzo). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Saluzzo. Conquered by France
    Italy
    SALZBURG (AD 1278–1805) State, theocratic (Principality of Salzburg or Archbishopric of Salzburg, from 1803 - Grand Duchy of Salzburg). Originated on the territory modern Austria as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Annexed to the Austrian Empire. Capital - Salzburg
    Austria Germany
    SAMAL (900–720 BC) State, slaveholding, form of government monarchy. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. The capital is Samal. Made a province of Assyria
    SAMO (AD 623–658) State, feudal, Slavic (Principality of Samo). Originated on the territory modern Czech Republic as a result of the conquest of the Avar Kaganate by the Slavs (Wends). Disintegrated as a result of defeat from the Avars
    Austria Croatia Czech Republic Germany Hungary Польша Словакия Словения
    SAMOA (AD 1997–) State, capitalist, monarchy (Independent State of Samoa). Formed on the territory of modern Samoa as a result of the renaming of Western Samoa to Samoa. Capital - Apia
    Samoa
    SAMOA (Germ.) (AD 1900-1914}, {1920-1920) Possession of Germany, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Samoa as a result of the annexation of parts of the islands of the Samoa archipelago. Occupation by New Zealand}, {Occupation ended. Transferred to New Zealand Mandate). Capital - Apia
    Samoa
    SAMOS (700–520 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Greece (Samos island). Conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire. The city of Samos still exists today.
    SAMTSKHE-SAATABAGO (AD 1466–1555) State (principality), Georgian feudal, monarchical. The capital is Akhaltsikhe. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the collapse of the Georgian kingdom. It was divided into two possessions, falling into vassal dependence on the Ottoman Empire and the Persian state of the Safavids
    Georgia
    SAMTSKHE-SAATABAGO (osm.) (AD 1555–1590) State (principality), Georgian feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Akhaltsikhe. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the division of Samtskhe-Saatabago into two possessions. Became part of the Ottoman Empire
    Georgia Турция" "
    SAMTSKHE-SAATABAGO (Pers.) (AD 1555–1590) State (principality), Georgian feudal, monarchical, vassal of the Persian state of the Safavids. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the division of Samtskhe-Saatabago into two possessions. The capital is Akhaltsikhe. Became part of the Ottoman Empire
    Georgia Турция" "
    SAN MARINO (AD 301–) State, capitalist (Republic of San Marino). Formed on the territory modern San Marino to Saint Marino, who fled from Dalmatia (in modern Croatia) from religious persecution, calved from the Roman Empire. Capital - San Marino
    SAN TOME AND PRINCIPE (AD 1975–) State, capitalist (Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe). Formed on the territory of modern Sao Tome and Principe as a result of the proclamation of the independence of the possession of Sao Tome and Principe (Port.). Capital - Sao Tome
    Sao Tome and Principe
    SAN TOME AND PRINCIPI (Port.) (AD 1485–1580}, {1640–1641}, {1649–1975} Possession of Portugal. (Formed on the territory of modern Sao Tome and Principe as a result of the conquest of the islands by Portugal. into the possession of Spain}, {Returned to Portugal. Occupied by the Spanish Netherlands. Returned to Portugal}, {Proclaimed the independence of Sao Tome and Principe). Capital - Sao Tome
    Sao Tome and Principe
    SANTO DOMINGO (Sp.) (AD 1493-1795) Colony of Spain (captaincy general). Created on the territory of modern Dominican Republic as part of New Spain. It ceased to exist as a result of the conquest by France. Capital - Santo Domingo
    Aruba (Dutch) Brazil Cuba Curacao (Dutch) Guyana Dominican Republic Jamaica Haiti Trinidad and Tobago Venezuela
    SAO TOME AND PRINCIPI (Sp.) (AD 1580-1640) Possession of Spain. Formed on the territory of modern Sao Tome and Principe as a result of the transfer of islands from Portugal to Spain. The islands were returned to Portugal. Capital - Sao Tome
    Sao Tome and Principe
    SARAVAK (Brit.) (AD 1888-1941}, {1945-1946}, {1946-1963) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate (since 1946 - crown colony). (Formed on the territory of modernMalaysia as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the Brunei Empire. Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation and transferred under the control of the British military administration (Borneo)}, {The colony of Sarawak (Brit.) was formed. After the declaration of independence from Great Britain became part of Malaysia). Capital - Kuching
    Malaysia
    SARUKHAN (AD 1300–1390}, {1402–1405) State, feudal. (Formed as a result of separation from the Sultanate of Konya. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate}, {Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capitals - Magnesia, Manisa
    SATAVAHANA EMPIRE (230 BC-AD 220) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the beginning of the collapse of the Mauryan Empire Capital - Amaravati. Disintegrated
    India
    SAUDI ARABIA (AD 1932–) State, theocratic, Muslim (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia). Formed on the territory modern Saudi Arabia as a result of the transformation of the Kingdom of Najd and Hijaz. Capital - Riyadh
    SAXE-COBURG AND GOHA (AD 1826–1871) State, monarchical (Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification of the duchies of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. In 1826–1866 he was a member of the German Confederation, in 1867–1871 he was a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capitals - Coburg, Gotha
    Germany
    SAXE-MEININGEN (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1680). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital: Meiningen
    Germany
    SAXEN-COBURG-SAAALFELD (AD 1806–1826) State, monarchical (Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1699). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1826 - a member of the German Confederation. Merged with the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg to form the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Capital - Coburg
    Germany
    SAXEN-GOTHA-ALTEBURG (AD 1806–1826) State, monarchical (Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1680). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1826 - a member of the German Confederation. Merged with the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld to form the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Capital - Gotha
    Germany
    SAXEN-HILDBURGHAUSEN (AD 1806–1826) State, monarchical (Duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1680). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1826 - a member of the German Confederation. Annexed to the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen. Capital: Hildburghausen
    Germany
    SAXE-WEIMAR (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Duchy of Saxe-Weimar; until 1809 it was divided into two duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1572). In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Weimar
    Germany
    SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe; until 1807 - County of Schaumburg-Lippe). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1643). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Bückeburg
    Germany
    SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN (AD 1386–1474) State, feudal (County of Schleswig-Holstein). Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification with the Duchy of Schleswig and the County of Holstein. It was repeatedly in vassalage from Denmark or the Holy Roman Empire. Capital is Kiel
    Denmark Germany
    SCHLEZWIG (AD 1058-1386},{1474-1863) State, feudal (Duchy of Schleswig). (It originated on the territory of modern Germany as a result of secession from Denmark. Merged with the county of Holstein, forming the county of Schleswig-Holstein}, {Recreated as a result of the division of the county of Schleswig-Holstein. Became part of Prussia). It was repeatedly in vassalage from Denmark or the Holy Roman Empire. Capital - not set
    Denmark Germany
    SCHWARZBURG-RUDOLSTADT (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1710 as a result of the transformation of the County of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Rudolstadt
    Germany
    SCHWARZBURG-SONDERSHAUSEN (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (as part of the Holy Roman Empire, it was formed in 1699 as a result of the transformation of the County of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Sondershausen
    Germany
    SCOTLAND (AD 843–1296}, {1328–1707) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Scotland). (It originated on the territory of modern Great Britain as a result of the unification of the Kingdom of the Picts and Dal Riada. Attached to England}, {Separated from England. United with England to form Great Britain). Capitals - Skoon (until 1492), Edinburgh (since 1492)
    Great Britain
    SCYTHIAN KINGDOM (585-108 BC}, {63 BC - AD 250) State, slaveholding, monarchical. (Formed by Scythian tribes on the territory of modern Ukraine. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus}, {Restored independence. Destroyed by the Goths). Capital - Scythian Naples (since 130 BC)
    SEBENNIT (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Lower Egypt
    SEISILLUG (AD 680-920) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) as a result of the renaming of Ceredigion. Capital undefined. Merged with Dyved to form Deheubarth
    Great Britain
    SELANGOR (AD 1766–1895) State, feudal (Sultanate of Selangor). Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of secession from the Sultanate of Johor. It became part of the protectorate of the Federated Malay States (Brit.). Capital - Shah Alam
    Malaysia
    SELINUNTE (628-409 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Destroyed by Carthage
    Italy
    SELJUK STATE (AD 1038–1157) State, feudal. It was formed by the nomadic tribes of the Oghuz-Seljuks as a result of the capture of the north-west. parts of the Ghaznavid State (the territory of modern Iran). Capitals - Rey (until 1072), Isfahan (since 1072). It ceased to exist as a result of the raids of the nomadic Oghuz tribes and the conquest of most of the territory by the State of Khorezmshahs
    Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Georgia Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Казахстан Киргизия Ливан Pakistan Россия (ЮФО) Сирия Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан" "
    SENA EMPIRE (AD 1070–1230) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of separation from Pala Empire. Capital - Nabadwip. Won Deva dynasty
    Индия Bangladesh Nepal
    SENEGAL (AD 1960–) Capitalist state (Republic of Senegal). Formed on the territory of modern Senegal as a result of the disintegration of the Federation of Mali (Fr.) and the declaration of independence of Senegal. Capital - Dakar
    Guinea Senegal
    SENEGAL (Fr.) (AD 1626-1758}, {1779-1809}, {1817-1895}, {1958-1959) Possession of France, since 1958 - an autonomous republic. (Formed on the territory of modern Senegal as a result of the establishment of a French protectorate over the tribes of Senegal. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Released from occupation. Became part of French West Africa}, {Withdrawn from French West Africa Merged with the Republic of Sudan (Fr.) into the Federation of Mali (Fr.) Capital - Dakar
    Senegal The Gambia
    SENNAR (AD 1504-1821) State, monarchy (Darfur Sultanate of Sennar). Formed on the territory of modern Sudan by the Fung people. It became part of the Ottoman Empire. Capital - Sennar
    SudanСудан South Sudan
    SERBIA (AD 2006–) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory modern Serbia as a result of the collapse of Serbia and Montenegro. Capital - Belgrade
    SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO (AD 2003–2006) State, capitalist, republic. Formed on the territory modern Serbia and Montenegro as a result of the renaming of Yugoslavia. Broken up into Serbia and Montenegro. Capital - Belgrade
    Serbian Despotate (AD 1402–1459) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Serbia as a result of the unification of Morvian Serbia, the Region of Branković and Zeta. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. Capitals - Smederevo, Belgrade
    Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Сербия Черногория" "
    SERBIAN KINGDOM (AD 1346–1371) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Serbia as a result of the unification of the Serbian principalities around the Kingdom of Raska. The capitals are Skopje and Prizren. Broken up into a number of states, including Moravian Serbia
    Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Greece Македония Сербия Черногория" "
    SEYCHELLES (AD 1976–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Seychelles). Formed on the territory of modern Seychelles as a result of the proclamation of Seychelles (Brit.) independence from Great Britain. Capital - Victoria
    Seychelles
    SEYCHELLES (Brit.) (AD 1903-1976) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Seychelles as a result of separation from Mauritius (Brit.). Independence from Great Britain was proclaimed and the Republic of Seychelles was formed. Capital - Victoria
    British Indian Ocean Territory Seychelles
    SHAMSHADI SULTANATE (AD 1747–1801) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Shamkir
    Azerbaijan Armenia
    SHANG (1600-1046 BC) Ancient kingdom (other names are Yin, Shang-Yin). Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the replacement of the Xia dynasty. Overthrown by the Zhou Dynasty. Capital - Yin
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    SHEKI (AD 1353–1551) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of the collapse of the Khulaguid State. Conquered by the Persian Safavid Empire. Capital - Sheki
    Azerbaijan
    SHEKI KHANATE (AD 1747–1805) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Sheki
    Azerbaijan
    SHIRVAN KHANATE (AD 1747–1805) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Shemakha.
    Azerbaijan
    SHU (AD 221–263) The ancient kingdom of the era of the Three Kingdoms. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the collapse of the Han Empire. It became part of the Wei State. Capital - Chengdu
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    SIAM (AD 1782-1939) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Siam or Kingdom of Rattanakosin). Formed on the territory of modern Thailand as a result of the coup in the Kingdom of Thonburi and the accession of the Chakri dynasty. Renamed Kingdom of Thailand. Capital - Bangkok
    Thailand Cambodia Myanmar Laos Malaysia
    SIBERIAN KHANATE (AD 1495–1555}, {1572–1598) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Russia as a result of the transformation of the Tyumen Khanate. It fell into vassal dependence on the Russian kingdom.}, {Restored independence. Conquered by the Russian kingdom). Capital - Kashlyk
    SIBERIAN KHANATE (rus.) (AD 1555–1572) State, vassal of the Russian kingdom. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the Siberian falling into vassal dependence on the Russian kingdom. Restored independence. Capital - Kashlyk
    SICILIAN EMIRATE (AD 965-1091) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of secession from the Fatimid Caliphate. The capital is Palermo. Conquered by the Normans, who formed the County of Sicily
    Italy Мальта" "
    SIDE (168 BC - AD 36) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Withdrew from Rhodes. conquered by the Roman Empire
    SIDON (2000–564 BC) Phoenician slave city-state. Was on the territory. modern Lebanon. Created by the Phoenicians. Conquered by Babylonia
    SIERRA LEONE (AD 1973–) Capitalist state (Republic of Sierra Leone). Formed on the territory of modern Sierra Leone as a result of the proclamation of independence of the possession of Sierra Leone (Brit.). Capital - Freetown
    Sierra Leone
    SIERRA LEONE (Brit.) (AD 1787-1961) Possession of Great Britain, colony (from 1808) and protectorate (from 1896). Formed on the territory of modern Sierra Leone as a result of the coastal conquest and the founding of the settlement of Freetown. Capital - Freetown
    Sierra Leone
    SIKH EMPIRE (AD 1799-1849) State, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of conversion of Sikh Confederation. Capitals - Gujranwala, Lahore. Britain conquered and incorporated into the possessions of the British East India Company
    India Pakistan" "
    SILLA (57 BC–AD 935) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Republic of Korea as a result of the unification of tribal unions. As a result of the fall of the state of Silla, the state of Goryeo was formed. Capitals - Gyeongju
    KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Republic Of Korea
    SINGAPORE (AD 1965–) State, republic (Republic of Singapore). Formed on the territory of modern Singapore as a result of separation from Malaysia. Capital - Singapore
    Malaysia Singapore
    SINGAPORE (Brit.) (AD 1819-1826) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Singapore as a result of the purchase of the island from the local owner. It became part of the British colony Straits Settlements. Capital - Singapore
    Malaysia Singapore
    SINGASARI (AD 1222–1292) State, feudal, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia as a result of the conquest of the state of Kediri. Transformed into the state of Majapahit. Capital - Malang
    Indonesia
    SINOPA (630–183 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Turkey. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus
    SINT MARTEN (Dutch) (AD 2010–) Possession of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of modern Sint Marten (Dutch) as a result of the termination of the possession of the Netherlands Antilles and its division into Curacao (Dutch), Sint Marten (Dutch) And the Caribbean Netherlands. Capital - Philipsburg
    Sint Marten (Dutch)
    SITAWAKA (AD 1521–1593) State, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Sri Lanka as a result of secession from the state of Kotte. It became part of the Kingdom of Kandy. The capital is Sitawaka
    Sri Lanka
    SIUT (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nom), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Upper Egypt
    SLOVAK REPUBLIC (FIRST) (AD 1939–1945) State, republic, satellite of Nazi Germany. Educated on the territory modern Slovakia as a result of the division of Czechoslovakia. It became part of Czechoslovakia. Capital - Bratislava
    SLOVAKIA (AD 1993–) State, capitalist, republic (Slovak Republic). Formed on the territory modern Slovakia as a result of the collapse of Czechoslovakia. Capital - Bratislava
    SLOVENIA (AD 1991–) State, capitalist, republic (Republic of Slovenia). Formed on the territory modern Slovenia as a result of secession from Yugoslavia. Capital - Ljubljana
    SMIRNA (190–133 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Withdrew from the State of the Seleucids. Conquered by the Roman Republic. As the city exists until our time, the modern Turkish name is Izmir
    SOCOTRA (Port.) (AD 1506–1511) Possession of Portugal. Arose in the territory of Yemen as a result of the conquest Socotra by Portugal. Portugal left the island. Capital — Suk
    Йемен
    SOGD (AD 700–550 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Originated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the formation of the state among the Sogdians. The capital is Maracanda. Conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire
    Afghanistan Казахстан Киргизия Таджикистан Узбекистан" "
    SOISSONS KINGDOM (AD 476-486) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern France as a result of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The capital is Soissons. Conquered by the Frankish state.
    France
    SOKOTO (AD 1804-1900) Islamic State, monarchy (Sokoto Caliphate). Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria as a result of the Fulani jihad. It became part of Northern Nigeria (Brit.). Capital - Sokoto
    Nigeria
    SOLDAYA (Genoese) (AD 1365–1475) City-state, colony of the Republic of Genoa. Born on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from the Golden Horde. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. The modern city of Sudak
    SOLOMON ISLANDS (AD 1978–) Capitalist state. Formed on the territory of modern Solomon Islands as a result of the independence of the Solomon Islands (Brit.). Capital - Honiara
    Solomon Islands
    SOLOMON ISLANDS (British) (AD 1893-1942}, {1943-1978) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. (Formed on the territory of the present-day Solomon Islands as a result of the annexation of the southern and central parts of the Solomon Islands by Great Britain. Occupied by Japan}, {Liberated from occupation. The independent state of Solomon Islands was proclaimed). Capital - Tulagi (until 1952), Honiara
    Solomon Islands
    SOLS (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
    Cyprus
    SOMALIA (AD 1960-) Capitalist state (Federal Republic of Somalia). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia as a result of the declaration of independence in the colonies of Somaliland (Brit.) and Somalia (It.) and their unification. Capital - Mogadishu
    Somalia
    SOMALIA (It.) (AD 1889-1936}, {1947-1960) Possession of Italy. (Formed on the territory of modern Somalia as a result of the establishment of Italian protectorate over a number of Somali sultanates. Including in Italian East Africa}, {Recreated as a result of the end of the British military administration in Somalia. Independence was proclaimed and incorporated into Somalia). Capital - Mogadishu
    Somalia
    SOMALILAND (Brit.) (AD 1884-1940}, {1941-1960) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. (Formed on the territory of modern of Somalia as a result of the establishment of a Great Britain protectorate over the Somali sulanates. Occupied by Italy and included in Italian East Africa}, {Liberated from occupation. Independence proclaimed and incorporated into Somalia). Capital - Hargeisa
    Somalia
    SOMALILAND (Fr.) (AD 1896-1967) Possession of France (French coast of Somalia), overseas territory. Formed on the territory of modern Djibouti as a result of the transformation of the Obock Territory (Fr.). Renamed to Territory of Afar and Issa (Fr.). Capital - Djibouti
    Djibouti
    SONG (AD 960–1279) State, monarchy (Song Empire). Educated on the territory of modern PRC after the end of the Age of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. Conquered by the Mongol Yuan Empire. Capitals — Bianjing, Lin'an
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    SONGHAI (AD 1464-1591) The ancient state of the Songhai people. Formed on the territory. modern Mali as successor to the state of Gao. Destroyed by the Saadite State. Capital - Gao
    Burkina Faso Guinea The Gambia Mauritania Mali Niger Nigeria Senegal
    SOOMRA DYNASTY (AD 1026-1351) State, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of Pakistan resulting from the separation of Sindh from the Ghaznavid Empire and the establishment ismaillit Soomra dynasty. Capital - Thatta. Won in the Delhi Sultanate
    India Pakistan" "
    SOPHENA (190–94 BC) State, Armenian slaveholding. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Separated from the Seleucid State. Included in the Greater Armenia
    SOUTH AFRICAN REPUBLIC (TRANSVAAL) (AD 1856-1877}, {1881-1902) State of the Boers. (Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the unification of several small Boer states. Conquered by Great Britain, Transvaal Colony (Brit.) established}, {Recreated. As a result of the victory of Great Britain in the second Boer War, it was conquered and turned into the Transvaal Colony (Brit.)). Capital - Pretoria
    RSA
    SOUTH AUSTRALIA (Brit.) (AD 1836-1901) Possession of Great Britain, a colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of separation from the colony of New South Wales (Brit.). It became part of the dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia. Capital - Adelaide
    SOUTH GEORGE AND SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1985–2021) British possession, overseas territory. Formed on the territory of modern South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Brit.) as a result of secession from the Falkland Islands (Brit.). Capital - King Edward Point
    Falkland Islands (Brit.) South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Brit.)
    SOUTH NIGERIA (Brit.) (AD 1900-1914) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Nigeria as a result of the unification of the possessions of Great Britain Protectorate of Niger Coast Protectorate (Brit.) and the Colony of Lagos (Brit.). Merged with Northern Nigeria (Brit.) to Nigeria (Brit.). Capital - Lagos (from 1906)
    Nigeria
    SOUTH OSSETIA (AD 1992–) Self-proclaimed, partially recognized state, republic (Republic of South Ossetia). Formed on parts of the territory. modern Georgia as a result of secession from Georgia. After the Russian-Georgian war in 2008, Russia recognized the independence of South Ossetia. Capital - Tskhinvali
    SOUTH SEAS MANDATE (Jap.) (AD 1919-1947) Mandatory territory under Japanese rule. Formed on the territory of modern Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands (USA) and Palau as a result of the secession from German New Guinea and the transfer of the islands to Japanese control (formally in 1919). Capital - Koror
    Marshall Islands Federated States of Micronesia Northern Mariana Islands (USA) Palau
    SOUTH SUDAN (AD 2011–) Capitalist state (Republic of South Sudan). Formed on the territory of modern Sudan as a result of separation from Sudan. Capital - Juba
    South Sudan
    SOUTH VIETNAM (REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM) (AD 1955-1976) State, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam as a result of the partition of the State of Vietnam. It merged with the DRV, as a result, the SRV (Socialist Republic of Vietnam) was proclaimed, the capital - Saigon
    Vietnam
    SOUTHERN QI (AD 479-502) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC after the change of dynasty in the state of Liu Song. After the change of the dynasty, the state of Liang was formed. Capital - Jiankang
    Vietnam PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    SOUTHERN RHODESIA (Brit.) (AD 1923-1953)}, {1979-1980) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. (Formed on the territory of modern Zimbabwe as a result of the division of Rhodesia (Brit.) into Northern Rhodesia (Brit.) and Southern Rhodesia (Brit.). It became part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (British)}, {Reconstructed the possession of Great Britain in Southern Rhodesia (Brit.) The independence of Zimbabwe is proclaimed). Capital - Salisbury
    Zimbabwe
    SOUTHERN TERRITORIES (fr.) (AD 1902–1957) Territory administered by France. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of the separation of the Saharan oases from the French departments in Algiers (fr.). Became part of Algeria (fr.)
    SOUTH-WEST AFRICA (Germ.) (AD 1884-1915) Possession of Germany, a colony. Formed on the territory of modern Namibia as a result of the conquest of lands in South West Africa by Germany. Occupied by the Union of South Africa and placed under imperative control. Capital - Windhoek
    Namibia
    SOUTH-WEST AFRICA (RSA) (AD 1915-1990) Possession of the Republic of South Africa. Formed on the territory of modern Namibia as a result of the occupation of South-West Africa (Germ.) by the Union of South Africa and the transfer of the colony under mandate management. The independent republic of Namibia is proclaimed. Capital - Windhoek
    Namibia
    SOVIET RUSSIA (RSFSR) (AD 1917, October–1922) State, socialist. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of a coup d'état (October Revolution) in the Russian Republic. Moscow the capital. On December 30, 1922, it was transformed into the USSR by combining the RSFSR, the Ukrainian SSR (Ukraine), the BSSR (Belarus) and the ZSFSR (the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Capitals - Petrograd (until 1918), Moscow
    Azerbaijan Armenia Belarus Georgia Estonia Finland Latvia Lithuania Казахстан Киргизия Молдавия Польша Россия (ДФО)(СибФО)(СЗФО) (ПФО)(ЮФО)(УФО)(ЦФО) Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан Ukraine Эстония" "
    SOVIET SECTOR OF THE OCCUPATION OF BERLIN (AD 1945-1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of the territory of Berlin, occupied by the USSR as a result of the defeat of Germany in the 2nd World War. Became part of the German Democratic Republic
    Germany
    SOVIET ZONE OF OCCUPATION OF GERMANY (AD 1945–1949) Formed on the territory. modern Germany. Part of the territory of Germany, occupied by the USSR as a result of the defeat of Germany in the 2nd World War. The German Democratic Republic was proclaimed on the territory of the zone. The headquarters of the occupation troops - Berlin
    Germany
    SOVIET ZONE OF THE OCCUPATION OF KOREA (AD 1945-1948) Formed on the territory of modern DPRK. Part of Korean territory occupied by the USSR as a result of Japan's defeat in World War II. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea was proclaimed on the territory of the zone. The headquarters of the occupation forces is Pyongyang
    KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic)
    SPAIN (AD 1516–) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory modern Spain as a result of the unification of the Kingdom of Castile and León and the Kingdom of Aragon. Capital - Madrid
    Dominican Republic France Haiti Gibraltar Испания Italy Португалия France" "
    SPANISH FLORIDA (AD 1513-1763}, {1783-1821) A colony of Spain (from 1535 was part of New Spain). (Formed on the territory of USA as a result of the discovery of Florida H. Ponce de Leon and the announcement of its possession of Crown of Castile. Sold the UK and became part of British America}, {Returned Spain. Given to the USA). Capital - San Agustin
    SPANISH MOROCCO (AD 1912–1956) Spanish possession. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the division of the territory of the Sultanate of Morocco between France and Spain. The capital is Tetuan. Incorporated into independent Morocco
    SPANISH NETHERLANDS (AD 1581–1713) State, monarchical. possession of Spain. Originated on the territory modern Belgium as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Brussels. Converted to Austrian Netherlands
    Belgium France Germany Люксембург Нидерланды
    SPARTA (1050-331 BC}, {280-195 BC}, {147-146 BC) City-state, slave-owning aristocratic republic (from 884 BC it actually turned into a state). (It originated on the territory of modern Greece after the capture of the Peloponnese peninsula by the Dorians. Conquered by Macedonia (Ancient)}, {Withdrawn from Macedonia (Ancient). Republic)
    Greece
    SRI LANKA (AD 1972–) State, republic (Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka). Formed on the territory of modern Sri Lanka as a result of the renaming of Ceylon. Capitals - Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte (from 1982; to 1982 - Colombo)
    Sri Lanka
    SRIVIJAYA (AD 650–1275) State, feudal, Malay, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Indonesia on the island of Sumatra. Conquered by the state of Singasari. Capital is Palembang
    Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Thailand
    SSR ARMENIA (AD 1920–1922, March) State, socialist (Socialist Soviet Republic of Armenia). Educated on the territory modern Armenia as a result of the establishment of Soviet power in the Republic of Armenia. The capital is Yerevan. Became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR
    Armenia Турция" "
    SSR BELARUS (AD 1919, January -1919, February}, {1919, August - 1922) State, socialist. (Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus). (It was formed on the territory of modern Belarus as a result of liberation from German occupation and recognition of independence by Soviet Russia. United with the SSR of Belarus into the Lithuanian-Belarusian SSR}. {Recreated. Became part of the USSR). The capital is Minsk.
    Belarus
    ST. CHRISTOPHER, NEVIS, ANGUILLA AND VIRGIN ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1816-1833) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Saint Kitts and Nevis, Anguilla (Brit.), Montserrat (Brit.) as a result of the partition of the British Leeward Islands colony. Entered into the restored British Leeward Isles. Capital - Basseterre
    Saint Kitts and Nevis Anguilla (Brit.) Virgin Islands (Brit.)
    STATE OF ABDALWALIDS (AD 1235-1556) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of secession from the Almohad State. The capital is Tlemcen. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire.
    STATE OF AGHLABIDS (AD 800-909) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Tunisia as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. The capital is Kairouan. As a result of a coup d'etat, it was transformed into the Fatimid Caliphate
    Алжир Italy Ливия Мальта Марокко Тунис" "
    STATE OF AK-KOYUNLU (AD 1468-1508) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the victory of nomadic Turkmen tribes over the State of Kara-Koyunlu. The capital is Tabriz. Defeated by the Persian Safavid state
    Azerbaijan Armenia Ирак Iran Сирия Турция" "
    STATE OF ALAUITS (AD 1659-1666) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the collapse of the Saadian State. The capital is Marrakesh. Transformed into Sultanate of Morocco
    STATE OF ALAWITS (fr.) (AD 1920–1930) Mandate territory of the League of Nations under the control of France (AD 1920–1925 - Territory of Alawites, AD 1925–1930 - State of Alawites). Formed on the territory of Syria (zone of British-French occupation). The capital is Latakia. Renamed Latakia (fr.)
    STATE OF ALIDS (AD 864–900}, {914–928) State, feudal Muslim. (Formed on the territory of modern Iran as a result of separation from the State of the Tahirids. Conquered by the State of the Samanids}, {Separated from the State of the Samanids. Conquered by the State of the Ziyarids). The capital is Amul
    Iran
    STATE OF ALMOHADS (AD 1121-1269) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco on part of the territory of the State of the Almoravids. The capitals are Marrakech, Seville. As a result of the collapse, the Marinid State was formed
    Алжир Gibraltar r Испания Ливия Марокко Португалия Тунис "
    STATE OF ALMORAVIDES (AD 1040–1147) State, the feudal theocratic Arab-muslim. Formed in the territory of modern Mauritania as a result of the unification of the Berber tribes. The capitals were Aghmat (1040-1062), Marrakesh (1062-1147). Conquered by Almohad Caliphate.
    Алжир Gibraltar Испания Марокко Португалия Mauritania Mali Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
    STATE OF CHOBANIDS (AD 1335–1357) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Hulaguid State. Conquered by the Jalairid State. Capital - Tabriz
    Azerbaijanн Iran
    STATE OF DANUNITES (1000–700 BC) State, slaveholding. Formed by Danunites on the territory. modern Turkey. Conquered by Assyria.
    STATE OF HAMMADIDS (AD 1044-1152) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Algeria as a result of secession from the Fatimid Caliphate. The capitals are Cala Beni Hammad, Bejaia. Conquered by the Almohad State
    STATE OF KARA-KOYUNLU (AD 1375–1468) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the unification of nomadic Turkmen tribes in the territory of modern. Iran. The capital is Tabriz. Conquered by the Aq Qoyunlu State
    Azerbaijan Armenia Ирак Iran Сирия Турция" "
    STATE OF KHOREZMSHAKH (AD 1097–1231) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of separation from the Seljuk state. Conquered by the Mongol Empire. Capitals - Gurganj (1097-1220), Samarkand (1212-1220), Ghazni (1220-1221), Delhi (1221-1225), Tabriz (1225-1231)
    Afghanistan Azerbaijan Iran Казахстан Киргизия Pakistan Таджикистан Туркмения Узбекистан" "
    STATE OF LYSIMACH (301–281 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. Formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great. The capital is Lysimachia. Incorporated into the Roman Republic. Most prominent rulers: Lysimachus [361–281 BC], former bodyguard of Alexander the Great
    Albania Bulgaria Greece Македония Румыния Сербия Турция" "
    STATE OF MUSAFFARIDS (AD 1335–1393) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Hulaguid State. Conquered by the Timurid Empire
    Afghanistan Iran Pakistan" "
    STATE OF ODOACRA (AD 476-493) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Italy as a result of the seizure of power in the Western Roman Empire by the leader of the Germans Odoacer and his proclamation as king of Italy (formally became part of the Byzantine Empire). The capital is Rome. Conquered by the Kingdom of the Ostrogoths
    Albania Austria Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia France Germany Ватикан Italy Сербия Словения France Черногория Швейцария" "
    STATE OF ORTUKID (AD 1098–1232) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Seljuk State. The capital is Diyarbakir. Conquered by the Ayyubid State
    STATE OF RAVVADIDS (AD 955–1071) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. The capital is Tabriz. Conquered by the Seljuk State
    Azerbaijan Iran
    STATE OF SAFFARIDS (AD 873-900) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Afghanistan as a result of the seizure of power by the Saffarid dynasty in the State of Tahirids (formally, an emirate within the Abbasid Caliphate). The capitals are Zaranj, Nishapur. Conquered by the Samanid State.
    Afghanistan Iran Pakistan Туркмения" "
    STATE OF SERBEDARS (AD 1337–1381) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of secession from the Hulaguid State. The capital is Sebzevar. Conquered by the Timurid Empire
    Iran Туркмения" "
    STATE OF SHAKHARMEN (AD 1100–1207) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of separation from the Seljuk State. The capital is Ahlat. Conquered by the Ayyubid State
    STATE OF THE SALARID (AD 941-982) State, feudal. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of the conquest of power by the Salarid dynasty in the Sajid State. The capital is Ardabil. Conquered by the Ravvadid State.
    Azerbaijan Iran
    STATE OF THE SAMANIDS (AD 819–999) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of separation from the Abbasid Caliphate (formally, until 875 - an emirate as part of the Abbasid Caliphate. Capitals - Samarkand, Bukhara. Conquered by the Karakhanid state.
    Afghanistan Iran Казахстан Киргизия Pakistan Таджикистан Туркмения Узбекистан" "
    STATE OF THE SELEUCIDS (312–83 BC}, {69–64 BC) Hellenistic slave-owning, monarchical state. (It originated on the territory of modern Iraq. It was formed as a result of the collapse of the Empire of Alexander the Great. The capitals are Seleucia, Antioch. Conquered by Great Armenia}, {Withdrawn from Great Armenia. Included in the Roman Republic). Most notable rulers: Seleucus I Nicator [356–280 BC], former general of Alexander the Great.
    Azerbaijan Armenia Afghanistan Bahrain Greece Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Iran Казахстан Cyprus Киргизия Кувейт Ливан Pakistan Сирия Таджикистан Туркмения Турция Узбекистан" "
    STATE OF VIETNAM (AD 1954-1955) State. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam as a result of the declaration of independence from France in French Indochina. Divided into DRV and South Vietnam. Capital - Saigon
    Vietnam
    STATE OF WATTASIDS (AD 1420-1549) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of a coup d'état in the Marinid State. The capital is Fes. Conquered by the Saadian State
    STATE OF ZIYARIDS (AD 928–1043) State, feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Iran as a result of secession from the Samanid State. The capital is Gorgan. Conquered by the Seljuk state
    Iran Туркмения" "
    STELLALAND (AD 1882-1885) State of the Boers. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the conquest of the Grikwa and Tswanwa lands. It became part of the colony of Bechuanaland (Brit.). Capital - Freiburg
    RSA
    STRATES SETLEMENTS (Brit.) (AD 1826-1941) Possession of Great Britain, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia and Singapore as a result of the unification of British possessions in Malaya. Occupied by Japan, after liberation passed under the control of the British Military Administration (Malaya), then became part of the Malay Union. Capital - Singapore
    Malaysia Singapore
    Strathclyde (AD 410-889) State, feudal, monarchical. Based on the territory modern Great Britain (in the south of Scotland) by the leader of the British tribe Keretik. The capital is Dun Britann. Became part of Scotland
    Great Britain
    SUDAN (AD 1956–) Capitalist state (Republic of Sudan). Formed on the territory of modern Sudan as a result of the declaration of independence of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Capital - Khartoum
    SudanСудан South Sudan
    SUDANESE REPUBLIC (Fr.) (AD 1958-1959) Possession of France, autonomous republic. Formed on the territory of modern Mali as a result of the secession from French West Africa by the French Sudan under the name of the Sudanese Republic (Fr.). Merged with Senegal (Fr.) into the Federation of Mali (Fr.) Capital - Bamako
    Mali
    SUEVAN KINGDOM (AD 409–585) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Portugal during the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The capitals are Braga, Porto, Merida. Conquered by the Kingdom of Toledo.
    SUI (AD 581–618) State, monarchy (Sui Empire). Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the unification of the country after a long period of unrest. As a result of the coup, the Tang Empire was founded. Capital is Chang'an
    PRC (People's Republic Of China) Vietnam
    SUKHOTHAI (AD 1238–1438) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Sukhothai). Formed on the territory modern Thailand as a result of secession from Cambujadesh. Conquered by the kings of Ayutthaya. Capital - Sukhothai (1238-1347), Song Khwa (1347-1438)
    Thailand
    SULTANATE OF MOROCCO (AD 1666-1912) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the transformation of the Alaouite State. The capitals are Fes, Rabat. As a result of wars with France and Spain, it is divided into Morocco (French), Spanish Morocco and Tangier (international zone)
    SULTANATE OF NEDJD (AD 1921–1926) State, theocratic, Muslim. Formed on the territory modern Saudi Arabia as a result of the unification of the Emirate of Najd and Khas and Jebel Shammar. The capital is Riyadh. Became part of the Kingdom of Nejd and Hijaz
    SULU (AD 1405–1915) State, feudal, monarchical (sultaenate). Formed on the territory modern Philippines as a result of secession from the Brunei Empire. It became part of the Philippines (USA). Capital - Jolo
    Malaysia Indonesia Philippines
    SUMER AND AKKAD (2315–2150 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. It originated in the territory of modern Iraq. Formed as a result of the unification of city-states: Mari, Eshnunna, Umma, Lagash, Uruk, Ur. The capital is Akkad. Destroyed by the Guteis, split into separate city-states The most prominent ruler: Sargon (2316-2261 BC) - the founder of the state
    Iran Кувейт Сирия" "
    SUNGA (185-75 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the seizure of power in the Mauryan dynasty Sunga. Capitals - Paliputra, Vidisha. Destroyed as a result of the seizure of power and the formation of a dynasty Kanva Kanva States
    India Bangladesh Nepal Myanmar
    SURINAM (AD 1975–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Suriname). Formed on the territory of modern Suriname as a result of the declaration of independence from the Netherlands in Suriname (Dutch). Capital - Paramaribo
    Suriname
    SURINAM (Dutch) (AD 1667–1799}, {1802–1804}, {1816–1828}, {1845–1975) Possession of the Netherlands (since 1954 - part of the Netherlands; another name Guiana (Dutch)). (Formed on the territory of modern Suriname as a result of the capture of the Dutch colony by the Dutch. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Liberated from occupation. Occupied by Great Britain}, {Liberated from occupation. Joined Curacao and dependent territories (Dutch)}, {Withdrew from Curacao and Dependent Territories (Dutch). The independence of Suriname is proclaimed). Capital - Paramaribo
    Suriname
    SURINAME (Brit.) (AD 1652-1668) a British colony. Founded on the territory of Suriname, as a result of British colonization. Transmitted by the Netherlands in exchange for New Amsterdam (now New York)
    Suriname
    SUSSEX (AD 477–825) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Sussex). Founded by the Saxons on the territory. modern Great Britain (in southeast England). The capital is Selsey. Attached to Wessex
    Great Britain
    SUWEIDA (fr.) (AD 1922–1927) French-administered League of Nations mandate (State of Suwayda). Educated on the territory modern Syria as a result of the renaming of Jebel Druz (fr.). The capital is Es-Suwayda. Renamed Jebel Druz
    SVANETIA (AD 1491–1858) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Svaneti). It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of separation from the Imereti kingdom. Became part of the Russian Empire
    Georgia
    SWAN RIVER (Brit.) (AD 1829-1833) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of the founding of a settlement at the mouth of the Swan River. Renamed Western Australia (Brit.). Capital - Fremantle
    SWAZILAND (AD 1968–2018) State, capitalist, monarchy (Kingdom of Swaziland). Formed on the territory of modern Eswatini as a result of the declaration of independence of Swaziland (Brit.). Changed to Eswatini. Capital - Mbabane (official), Lobamba (royal and parliamentary)
    Eswatini
    SWAZILAND (Brit.) (AD 1902-1968) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory. modern Eswatini as a result of the transfer of a protectorate over Swaziland from South African Republic (Transvaal) of Great Britain. Swaziland proclaimed its independence. Capital - Mbabane
    Eswatini
    SWAZILAND (SAR) (AD 1894-1902) Possession of the South African Republic (Transvaal), protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Eswatini as a result of the establishment of a protectorate by Swaziland. Transfer of the protectorate to Great Britain. Capital - Mbabane
    Eswatini
    SWEDEN {AD 970–1397},{1523–) Monarchic state (Kingdom of Sweden). (It originated on the territory of modern Sweden as a result of the unification of the tribes of the Svei and Getae by the Ynglings. United with Denmark.}, {Withdrawn from Denmark). Capital - Uppsala (until 1634), Stockholm (since 1634)
    Denmark Finland Норвегия Россия (СЗФО) Швеция" "
    SWEDEN ESTLAND (AD 1561–1721) State, monarchical (Duchy of Estonia). possession of Sweden. Originated on the territory modern Estonia as a result of the conquest by the Swedes of part of the lands of the Livonian Order. Conquered by the Russian Empire. The capital is Revel
    Estonia Россия (СЗФО)
    SWEDEN POMERANIA (AD 1630–1815) State, monarchical. possession of Sweden. Originated on the territory modern Germany as a result of the Swedish-Polish wars and separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). The capital is Stettin (until 1720), Greifswald (since 1720). Became part of Prussia
    SWEDISH LIVONIA (AD 1629–1721) State, monarchical. possession of Sweden. Originated on the territory modern Latvia as a result of the conquest by the Swedes of part of the territory of the Commonwealth. Conquered by the Russian Empire. The capital is Riga
    Estonia Latvia
    SWITZERLAND (AD 1291–1798}, {1803–) State, capitalist (Swiss Confederation, until 1848 - Swiss Union). (It originated on the territory of modern Switzerland as a result of the unification of three cantons: Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden as part of the Holy Roman Empire (independence was proclaimed in 1648). Transformed into the Helvetic Republic as a result of the Napoleonic Wars}, {Recreated). Capital
    France Italy Швейцария" "
    SYBARIS (720–510 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Destroyed by Croton. The nominal meaning of the word "sybarite" arose from the legend about the love of the inhabitants of the colony for luxury
    Italy
    SYRACUSE (733–241 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Conquered by the Roman Republic. Home of Archimedes {287–212 BC}
    Italy
    SYRIA (AD 1946–1958},{1961–) State, capitalist (AD 1946–1958 — the Syrian Republic, from AD 1961 — the Syrian Arab Republic). (Formed on the territory of modern Syria in the mandated territory of the League of Nations under the control of France Syria (fr.) April 17, 1946 United with Egypt, forming the state of the United Arab Republic (UAR)}. {withdrew from the UAR). The capital is Damascus.
    SYRIA (fr.) (AD 1925–1946) Mandate of the League of Nations under French administration (AD 1925–1932, 1939–1941 - State of Syria; AD 1932–1939, 1941–1946 - Syrian Republic). Educated on the territory modern Syria as a result of the unification of the states of Aleppo (fr.), Damascus (fr.). The capital is Damascus. April 17, 1946 independent Syrian Republic proclaimed
    SYRIA (zone of British-French occupation) (AD 1918–1920) The territory occupied by the victorious states in the 1st World War (Great Britain and France). Formed as a result of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Damascus. Divided into the states of Aleppo (fr.), Damascus (fr.) and the State of Alawites (fr.)
    SYUNIK KINGDOM (AD 987–1170) State, Armenian feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Armenia as a result of secession from the kingdom of Ani. Conquered by Atabekstvo Azerbaijan. Capital - Kapan
    Azerbaijan Armenia

    T

    Историческая справка

    Страна
    TABAL (1180–800 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Formed by the Hittites on the territory. modern Turkey. It became part of Assyria.
    TAGANIT (AD 1580-1903) State, emirate. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritania as a traditional confederation of semi-nomadic peoples. Entered into Mauritania (Fr.)
    Mauritania
    Tahirid Emirate">
    Afghanistan Iran Pakistan Туркмения" "
    TAIWAN (AD 1949–) Partially recognized state (Republic of China). Educated on the territory of modern Taiwan as a result of relocation to the island of Taiwan of the Republic of China after the proclamation of the People's Republic of China in mainland China. Capital - Taipei
    TAIWAN (Jap.) (AD 1895-1945) Possession of Japan (General Government). Formed on the territory of modern Republic of China as a result of the transfer of the island of Taiwan by the Qing Empire to Japan after the defeat in the Sino-Japanese War. Transferred to Republic of China after Japan's defeat in World War II. Capital - Taipei.
    TAJIKISTAN (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Tajikistan). Originated on the territory modern Tajikistan as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Dushanbe
    TALISH KHANATE (AD 1747–1813) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Azerbaijan as a result of secession from the Persian state of Nadir Shah. Became part of the Russian Empire. The capital is Lankaran.
    Azerbaijan
    TAMASSOS (669–570 BC) City-state, Greek. Formed on the territory. modern Cyprus as a result of declaring independence from Assyria. Conquered by Egypt (Ancient)
    Cyprus
    TANG EMPIRE (AD 618–907) State, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern China as a result of the change of dynasty in the Sui Empire. It fell apart into ten kingdoms. The capitals were Chang'an (618–904), Luoyang (904–907)
    Vietnam PRC (People's Republic Of China) Russia (SibFO)
    TANGANYIKA (AD 1961-1964) Capitalist state, republic (Republic of Tanganyika). Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of the declaration of independence of Tanganyika (Brit.). Capital - Dar es Salaam
    Tanzania
    TANGANYIKA (Brit.) (AD 1916-1961) Possession of Great Britain, mandate (trust) territory. Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of the occupation of German East Africa by Great Britain and later (since 1919) transferring it under the mandate control of Great Britain. The independence of Tanganyika is proclaimed. Capital - Dar es Salaam
    Tanzania
    TANGIER (English) (AD 1662–1684) Possession of England. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the transfer of Tangier (port.) England by Portugal. Transferred to the Sultanate of Morocco
    TANGIER (international zone) (AD 1912–1940},{1945–1956) Zone under international administration. (Formed on the territory of modern Morocco as a result of the division of the Sultanate of Morocco. Included in Spanish Morocco}, {Separated from Spanish Morocco. Included in independent Morocco)
    TANGIER (port.) (AD 1471–1662) Possession of Portugal. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of the conquest by Portugal of part of the territory of the Wattasid State. Transferred to England (see Tangier (English)
    TANZANIA (AD 1964–) Capitalist state (United Republic of Tanzania). Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of unification with Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Capital - Dar es Salaam (until 1996), Dodoma (from 1996)
    Tanzania
    TAO-KLARJET PRINCIPALITY (AD 813-1008) State, Georgian feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Turkey as a result of the overthrow of the Abbasid Caliphate by Ashot I Bagrtioni in most of the Georgian lands. The capital is Artanuji. Transformed into the Georgian kingdom
    Georgia Турция" "
    TARCQUINIUS (1000–280 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. He was a member of the Union of 12 city-states of Etruria. Conquered by the Roman Republic
    Italy
    TARENT (706–264 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy. Conquered by the Roman Republic. Currently - the city of Taranta
    Italy
    TARON (AD 830–968) State (principality), Armenian feudal, monarchical. Educated on the territory modern Turkey. Separated from the Abbasid Caliphate. The capital is Mush. It became part of the Vaspurakan Kingdom.
    TARTESS (1100-600 BC) State, slaveholding. Originated on the territory modern Spain. Conquered by Carthage.
    Gibraltar Испания
    TASMANIA (Brit.) (AD 1856-1901) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of the renaming of the colony Van Diemen's Land (Brit.). It became part of the dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia. Capital - Hobart
    TAUNGOO (AD 1510–1752) State, monarchical (Toungoo Kingdoms). Formed on the territory modern Myanmar as a result of the unification of the Burmese states by the Taungoo dynasty. With the advent of the Konbaung dynasty, it was transformed into the Kingdom of Burma. Capital - Taungoo (1486-1539), Pegu (1539-1599), Ava (1599-1752)
    Myanmar Thailand
    TBILISI EMIRATE (736–1122 AD) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Georgia as a result of separation from the Arab Caliphate. Became part of the Georgian kingdom. Capital - Tbilisi
    Armenia Georgia
    TEKKE (AD 1321–1390}, {1402–1427) State, feudal. (Formed as a result of separation from Hamid. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate},{Restored by the State of Tamerlane. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate). Capital - Antalya
    TERENGGANU (AD 1725–1781) State, feudal. Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of secession from Johor. conquered by Siam. The capital is Kuala Terengganu
    Malaysia
    TERRITORY OF AFAR AND ISSA (Fr.) (AD 1967-1977) Possession of France, overseas territory. Formed on the territory of modern Djibouti as a result of the renaming of Somalia (Fr.). Djibouti proclaimed its independence. Capital - Djibouti
    Djibouti
    TERRITORY OF OBOCK (Fr.) (AD 1862-1896) Possession of France. Formed on the territory of modern Djibouti as a result of the establishment of a protectorate over the Obock territory. Converted to Somalia (Fr.). Capital - Obock
    Djibouti
    TEUTON ORDER (AD 1224–1525) State, feudal, theocratic. How the state was born on the territory. modern Poland as a result of the conquest of part of the Polish lands by the knights of the Teutonic Order (founded in 1190). Transformed into the Duchy of Prussia within the Holy Roman Empire. Capitals - Marienburg, from 1466 - Königsberg
    Estonia Latvia Lithuania Польша Россия (Калининград обл.)
    TEXAS (AD 1836-1845) State (Republic of Texas). It was born on the territory USA as a result of separation from Mexico. It became part of the United States. Capital - Washington-on-Brazos
    THAILAND (AD 1939–) State, monarchy (Thailand). Formed on the territory of modern Thailand as a result of the renaming of the Kingdom of Siam to the Kingdom of Thailand. Capital - Bangkok
    Thailand
    THE BAHAMAS (AD 1973–) State capitalistic (Commonwealth of the Bahamas). Formed on the territory of modern Bahamas as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in the possession of the Bahamas (Brit.). Capital - Nassau
    The Bahamas
    THE BAHAMAS (Brit.) (AD 1718-1973) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory. modern The Bahamas as a result of the British conquest of the islands. The Bahamas was proclaimed an independent state. Capital - Nassau
    The Bahamas Turks and Caicos Islands (Brit.)
    THE CARMATIAN STATE (AD 899–1076) A theocratic Muslim state. Formed by the religious sect of the Karmatians on the territory. modern Bahrain as a result of secession from the Abbasid Caliphate. Conquered by the Uyunid Emirate.
    Bahrain Катар" "
    THE FATIMID CALIPHATE (AD 909–1171) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Tunisia as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. The capitals are Kairouan (until 921), Mahdia (921–973), Cairo (since 973). As a result of the coup d'état, it was transformed into the Ayyubid State
    Алжир Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Italy Ливан Ливия Мальта Марокко Саудовская Аравия Сирия Тунис Турция " "
    THE GAMBIA (AD 1965–) Capitalist state (Republic of the Gambia). Formed on the territory of modern Gambia as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain Gambia (Brit.). Capital - Banjul (until 1973 - Bathurst)
    The Gambia
    THE GAMBIA (Brit.) (AD 1766-1779}, {1809-1965) Possession of Great Britain, colony and protectorate. (Formed on the territory of modern. Gambia as a result of the establishment of British rule. Occupied by France, became part of Senegal (Fr.)}, {Returned to Great Britain, founded a colony and protectorate of Gambia (Brit.) (in 1816)). The independence of the Gambia is proclaimed). Capital - Bathurst
    The Gambia
    THE HITTITE KINGDOM (1790-1200 BC) The state, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. Formed by the Hittites. The capitals are Kussar (1790–1650 BC) and Hattusas (1650–1200 BC). Destroyed by the Sea Peoples
    Greece Cyprus Сирия Турция" "
    THE IDRISID STATE (AD 788–916) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of secession from the Abbasid Caliphate. The capital is Fes. Conquered by the Fatimid Caliphate.
    THE ITURAN KINGDOM (100–64 BC) Slaveholding, Arab-Aramaic Hellenized state. Originated on the territory modern Lebanon. Created by the Arab tribe of Itureans. Conquered by the Roman Republic
    THE KINGDOM OF KARTLI-KAKHETI (Persian) (AD 1762–1783) State, feudal, monarchical. Vassal of Persia. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the unification of the Kingdom of Kartli (Persian) and the Kingdom of Kakheti (Persian). The capitals are Telavi, Tbilisi. Passed under the protectorate of the Russian Empire
    Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia
    THE KINGDOM OF KARTLI-KAKHETI (Russian) (AD 1783–1801) State, feudal, monarchical. Protectorate of the Russian Empire. It arose on the territory. modern Georgia as a result of the transition of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti (Persian) under the protectorate of the Russian Empire after the conclusion of the Treaty of St. George. The capitals are Telavi, Tbilisi. Annexed to the Russian Empire
    Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia
    THE MAGRAVID STATE (AD 976–1070) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Morocco as a result of secession from the Fatimid State. The capital is Fes. Conquered by the Almoravid State.
    THE PRINCIPALITY OF BLATHEN (AD 839–876) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Hungary as a result of separation from the Frankish state. It became part of Great Moravia. Capital - Blatnograd
    Croatia Hungary Словения
    THE SECOND BULGARIAN KINGDOM (AD 1185–1371) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria as a result of secession from the Byzantine Empire. The capital is Tarnovo. It broke up into the Vidin, Tarnovo kingdoms and the Dobrudzhan principality
    Albania Bulgaria Greece Македония Румыния Сербия Турция" "
    THE STATE OF SHIRVANSHAHS (AD 869–1071},{1157–1231},{1353–1538) State, feudal, monarchical. (It originated on the territory of modern Azerbaijan as a result of the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate. Conquered by the Seljuk State},{Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Seljuk State. Conquered by the Mongol Empire},{Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Hulaguid State. Conquered by the Persian Safavid state). The capital is Shemakha
    Azerbaijan Россия (ЮФО)" "
    THE STATE OF THE KURTS (AD 1335–1381) A feudal monarchical state. Educated on the territory modern Afghanistan as a result of secession from the Hulaguid State. The capital is Herat. Conquered by the Timurid Empire
    Afghanistan Iran Pakistan Таджикистан Туркмения" "
    THE STATE OF THE USFURIDS (AD 1253–1320) A Muslim state. Originated on the territory modern Bahrain as a result of the conquest of the Uyunid Emirate. Conquered by the Hulaguid State
    Bahrain Катар" "
    THE VISGOTHOTIC KINGDOM (AD 418–580) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern France during the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. The capital is Toulouse. Changed to Kingdom of Toledo
    Andorra France Gibraltar Испания Португалия France" "
    THEBES (394–375 BC) City-state. Formed on the territory. modern Greece after the dissolution of the Boeotian Union. Became part of the Boeotian Union
    Greece
    THEBES (4000–3500 BC) City-state (nome), slaveholding, monarchical. Created by the ancient Egyptians on the territory. modern Egypt. Became part of Upper Egypt
    THEODORO (AD 1204–1240}, {1441–1475) State, feudal, Christian, monarchical (Principality of Theodoro). (It originated on the territory of modern Ukraine as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire. Conquered by the Golden Horde}, {Recreated as a result of the collapse of the Golden Horde. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire). The capital is Mangup (Theodoro)
    THEODOSIA (550–355 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Miletus on the territory. modern Ukraine. Became part of the Bosporan kingdom
    THONBURI (AD 1767–1782) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Thonburi). Formed on the territory modern Thailand as a result of the destruction of the kingdom of Ayutthaya. As a result of the coup and the accession of the Chakri dynasty, the kingdom of Siam was founded. The capital is Thonburi
    Laos Thailand
    TIBET (AD 1912-1951) State, theocratic, headed by the Dalai Lama. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the collapse of the Chinese Qing Empire. Attached to the PRC. Capital - Lhasa
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    TIMOR (port.) (AD 1702–1942},{1945–1975) Possession of Portugal. (Formed on the territory of modern East Timor as a result of the Portuguese conquest of the eastern part of the island of Timor. Occupied by Japan}, { Released from occupation. Independence from Portugal is proclaimed and the Democratic Republic of East Timor is formed). Capital - Dili
    Eastern Timor
    TIMURID EMPIRE (AD 1370–1526) State, feudal. Originated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the seizure of power in the Chagatai Ulus by Timur. Transformed into the Mughal Empire. Capitals - Samarkand, Herat
    Азербайджан Afghanistan India Iran Казахстан Киргизия Пакистаг Таджикистана Туркмения Узбекистан" "
    TIR (1400–564 BC) Phoenician slave city-state. Was on the territory. modern Lebanon. Created by the Phoenicians. conquered by Babylon. Today in its place is the city of Sur (Lebanon)
    TIRYNTH (1700–1200 BC) City-state. It originated during the Mycenaean civilization on the territory. modern Greece. Destroyed by nomads called "peoples of the sea"
    Greece
    TIWANAKU (AD 300-1000) State, slave, monarchical. It was born on the territory of Bolivia. Capital - Tiwanaku. Destroyed
    Boliviina Chile Peru
    TOGO (AD 1960–) State, capitalist (Togolese Republic). Formed on the territory of modern Togo as a result of the declaration of independence from France in Togo (Fr.). Capital - Lome
    Togo
    TOGO (Brit.) (AD 1916-1956) British possession, Mandatory Territory. Formed on the territory. modern Ghana as a result of the joint British-French occupation (in 1914) of the possession of Togoland (Germ.) and its division into Togo (Brit.) and Togo (Fr.). It became part of the Gold Coast (Brit.). Capital - Ho
    Ghana
    TOGO (Fr.) (AD 1916-1919}, {1937-1960) Possession of France, mandated territory. (Formed on the territory of modern Togo as a result of the joint British-French occupation (in 1914) of the possession of Togoland (Germ.) and its division into Togo (Brit.) and Togo (Fr.). It became part of French West Africa}, {It seceded from the French West Africa. The independence of Togo was proclaimed). Capital - Lome
    Togo
    TOGOLAND (Germ.) (AD 1884-1916) Possession of Germany, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Togo as a result of the conquest of territory by Germany. It was occupied (in 1914) by Great Britain and France, and the mandated territories of Togo (Brit.) and Togo (Fr.) were formed. Capitals - Bagida (1884–87), Zebeab (1887–97), Lome (1897–1916)
    Togo Ghana
    TOKELAU (New Zeal.) (AD 1976–) New Zealand possession, dependent territory. Formed on the territory of modern Tokelau (New Zeal.) As a result of renaming the Osrovs of Tokelau (New Zeal.)
    Tokelau (New Zeal.)
    TOKELAU ISLANDS (New Zeal.) (AD 1946-1976) Possession of New Zealand, dependent territory. Formed on the territory of modern Tokelau (New Zeal.) As a result of the renaming of Union islands (New Zeal.). Renamed Tokelau (New Zeal.)
    Tokelau (New Zeal.)
    TOLTEC STATE (AD 800-1150) State, slave, monarchical. It was born on the territory Mexico invasion from the north of the Toltec tribe. Capitals - Cerro de la Estrella, then Tollan (Tula modern). Destroyed by the invasion of other tribes
    TONGA (AD 1970–) State, capitalistic, monarchy (Kingdom of Tonga, 1970). Formed on the territory of modern Tonga as a result of the declaration of independence in the possession of Great Britain Tonga (Brit.). Capital - Nuku'alofa
    Tonga
    TONGA (Brit.) (AD 1900-1970) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Tonga as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the Kingdom of Tonga. Independence from Great Britain is proclaimed. Capital - Nuku'alofa
    Tonga
    TONKIN (Fr.) (AD 1884-1887) Possession of France, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam as a result of France's establishment of a protectorate over the Vietnamese Nguyen dynasty. It became part of French Indochina. Capital - Hanoi
    Vietnam
    TOORO (AD 1830-1896) State, monarchy (Kingdom of Tooro ). Formed on the territory of modern Uganda Bantu peoples. After the establishment of the British protectorate, it became part of Uganda (Britain). Capital - Fort Portal
    Uganda
    TRANSCAUCASIAN SFSR (AD 1922, March–1922, December) State, federal, socialist (Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (ZSFSR)). It was formed as a result of the unification of the Azerbaijan SSR, the Armenian SSR and the Georgian SSR. The capital is Tbilisi. Became part of the USSR
    Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia
    TRANSJORDANIA (brit.) (AD 1921–1923) Autonomous region (Emirate of Transjordan). Formed on the territory of Palestine (zone of British occupation) on the territory. modern Jordan. The capital is Amman. Became part of the Mandatory Territory of Palestine
    TRANSNISTRIA (AD 1991–) Self-proclaimed unrecognized state, republic (Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic). Formed on parts of the territory. modern Moldova. Capital - Tiraspol
    TRANSPADAN REPUBLIC (AD 1796–1797) State, vassal republic of France. Educated on the territory modern Italy as a result of Napoleon's victory. The capital is Milan. United with the Cispadan Republic to form the Cisalpine Republic
    Italy
    TRANSVAAL COLONY (Brit.) (AD 1877-1881}, {1902-1910) Possession of Great Britain, colony. (Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the British conquest of the South African Republic (Transvaal). As a result of the victory in the first Boer War, an independent South African Republic (Transvaal) was recreated}, {As a result of the British victory in the second Boer War reconstituted. Became a part of the Union of South Africa). Capital - Pretoria
    RSA
    TRANSYLVANIA (AD 1571–1699) State, feudal, vassal of the Ottoman Empire (Principality of Transylvania). Originated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the transformation of the East Hungarian kingdom. Attached to the Habsburg Empire. Capitals - Alba Iulia (1571-1692), Sibiu (1692-1711)
    Hungary Румыния Сербия Ukraine" "
    TRAPEZUNT (600–183 BC) City-state, colony, slaveholding, monarchy. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Turkey. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus.
    TRARZA (AD 1740-1903) State, emirate. Formed on the territory of modern Mauritania as a traditional confederation of semi-nomadic peoples. Entered into Mauritania (Fr.)
    Mauritania
    TRAVUNIA (AD 850–917) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Montenegro as a result of secession from the Byzantine Empire. It became part of the First Bulgarian Kingdom. Capital - Trebinje
    Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Черногория
    TRENTO (AD 1027–1803) State, feudal, theocratic (Bishopric of Trento). Originated on the territory modern Italy as a result of separation from the Holy Roman Empire (formally remained part of the Holy Roman Empire). Annexed to the Austrian Empire. Capital - Trento
    Italy Швейцария" "
    TRINIDAD (Brit.) (AD 1802–1889) British possession, colony. Formed on the territory modern Trinidad and Tobago as a result of Spain transferring the island of Trinidad to Great Britain. United with the island of Tobago, forming the colony of Trinidad and Tobago (Brit.). Capital - Port of Spain
    Trinidad and Tobago
    TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO (AD 1962–) State, capitalistic, republic (Republic of Trinidad and Tobago). Formed on the territory of modern Trinidad and Tobago as a result of the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.) and the proclamation of the independent state of Trinidad and Tobago. Capital - Port of Spain
    Trinidad and Tobago
    TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO (Brit.) (AD 1889-1958) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory. modern Trinidad and Tobago as a result of the annexation of the island of Tobago to the colony of Trinidad (Brit.). Joined the West Indies Federation (Brit.). Capital - Port of Spain
    Trinidad and Tobago
    TRIPOL (AD 1109–1291) State (county), feudal, monarchical. It was formed by the crusaders on the territory of the Seljuk state (the territory of modern Lebanon). The capital is Tripoli. Conquered by the Mamluk State.
    TRIPOLITANIA (Brit.) (AD 1943–1951) Territory under British administration. Educated on the territory modern Libya as a result of the British occupation of part of the territory of Libya (it.). The capital is Tripoli. It became part of the independent state of Libya proclaimed on December 24, 1951
    TRIPOLITANIA (It.) (AD 1911–1934) Colony of Italy. It was formed as a result of the occupation by Italy of part of the Ottoman Empire on the territory. modern Libya. The capital is Tripoli. Became part of the colony of Libya (it.)
    TROY (3000–1260 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Formed by the Trojans on the territory. modern Turkey. The capital is Troy. Destroyed by the ancient Greeks
    TRUCIAL STATES (UK) (AD 1820–1971) State, monarchical under British protectorate. Arose in the territory of United Arab Emirates as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over 6 Sheikhdoms. December 2, 1971 proclaimed the independent United Arab Emirates
    TUNISIA (AD 1956–) State, capitalist (AD 1956–1957 — Kingdom of Tunisia, since 1957 — Republic of Tunisia). Educated on the territory modern Tunisia as a result of the declaration of independence from France by Tunisia (fr.) March 20, 1956 Capital - Tunisia
    TUNISIA (fr.) (AD 1705–1956) State under the protectorate of France. Educated on the territory modern Tunisia as a result of the establishment by France of a protectorate over Tunisia (osm.). The capital is Tunis. 20 March 1956 independent Kingdom of Tunisia proclaimed
    TUNISIA (Osm.) (AD 1705–1881) State, vassal of the Ottoman Empire. Educated on the territory modern Tunisia as a result of secession from the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Tunis. Passed under the protectorate of France - Tunisia (fr.)
    TURGESH KHAGANATE (AD 704–756) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the seizure of power by the tribes of the Turgesh in the Western Turkic Khaganate. The capital was Suyab. After the seizure of power by the tribes of Karluks ceased to exist and transformed into the Karluk yabghu
    TURKEY (zone of British-French occupation) (AD 1918–1923) The territory occupied by the victorious states in the 1st World War (Great Britain and France). Educated on the territory modern Turkey as a result of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The capital is Istanbul. On October 23, 1923, an independent Republic of Turkey was proclaimed
    TURKIC KHAGANATE (AD 552–603) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan Tribes of the Turks as a result of the conquest of power in the Rouran Khaganate. Broke up into Western Turkic Khaganate and Eastern Turkic Khaganate. The capital was Suyab
    Mongolia Россия (ПФО) Россия (ЮФО) Россия (СибФО) Туркмения Узбекистан" "
    TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS (AD 1974–) Self-proclaimed state (recognized only by Turkey), capitalist (until 1983 - the Turkish Federative State of Cyprus). Formed on parts of the territory. modern Cyprus, occupied by Turkey. The capital is Lefkosia (Turkish sector of Nicosia)
    Cyprus
    Türkiye (AD 1923–) State, capitalist (Republic of Turkey). Educated on the territory modern Turkey (zone of British-French occupation) October 23, 1923 Capital - Ankara
    TURKMENIA (AD 1991–) State, republic (Turkmenistan). Originated on the territory modern Turkmenistan as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Ashgabat
    TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1848-1874}, {1962-) British possession, overseas territory. (Formed on the territory of modern Turks and Caicos Islands (Brit.) as a result of separation from the colony of the Bahamas (Brit.). It entered the colony of Jamaica (Brit.)}, {Recreated after the dissolution of the West Indies Federation (Brit.)) . Capital - Cockburn Town
    Turks and Caicos Islands (Brit.)
    TURNOVO KINGDOM (AD 1371–1393) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria as a result of the collapse of the Second Bulgarian Kingdom. The capital is Tarnovo. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate
    Bulgaria Румыния Сербия" "
    TUROV-PINSKY PRINCIPALITY (AD 1162–1240) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from Kievan Rus (as part of Kievan Rus existed since 980). It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capital - Turov
    Belarus Ukraine " "
    TUROV-PINSKY PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1240–1330) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the Turov-Pinsk principality falling under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Capital - Turov
    Belarus Ukraine " "
    TUVA PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC (AD 1921–1944) State, republic. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from Soviet Russia (in 1921-1926 it was called Tannu-Tuva). Became part of the USSR. Capital - Kyzyl
    TUVALU (AD 1978–) State, capitalistic. Formed on the territory of modern Tuvalu as a result of the declaration of independence in the British colony Tuvalu (British). Capital - Funafuti
    Tuvalu
    TUVALU (Brit.) (AD 1976-1978) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory. modern Tuvalu as a result of the division of the colony of Gilbert and Ellis Islands (Brit.) into Gilbert Islands (Brit.) and Tuvalu (Brit.). Independence from Great Britain was proclaimed and the state of Tuvalu was created. Capital - Funafuti
    Tuvalu
    TVER PRINCIPALITY (AD 1480–1485) State, feudal, Slavic (Grand Duchy of Tver). Originated on the territory modern Russia to get rid of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Attached to the Moscow principality. Capital - Tver
    TVER PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1247–1480) State, feudal, Slavic (Grand Duchy of Tver). Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Vladimir principality (yoke). Got rid of the Tatar-Mongol yoke, becoming an independent principality of Tver. Capital - Tver
    TYRA (600-108 BC}, {63 BC - AD 275) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the ancient Greeks, immigrants from Miletus on the territory. modern Ukraine. Conquered by the Kingdom of Pontus} , {Restored independence. Destroyed by the Goths). Was on the territory. modern city ​​of Belgorod-Dnestrovsky
    TYUMEN KHANATE (AD 1468–1495) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Russia in the process of disintegration of the Golden Horde into a number of independent states. Transformed into the Siberian Khanate. Capital - Chingi-Tura

    U

    Историческая справка

    Страна
    UBANGI-SHARI (Fr.) (AD 1903-1906}, {1958-1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic (since 1958). (Formed on the territory of the modern Central African Republic as a result of secession from Congo (Fr.). It became part of French Equatorial Africa}, {Seceded from French Equatorial Africa. The independence of Central African Republic was proclaimed). Capital - Bangui
    Central African Republic
    UBANGI-SHARI-CHAD (Fr.) (AD 1906-1910) Possession of France. Formed on the territory. modern Chad and the Central African Republic as a result of the unification of the Ubangi Shari (Fr.) and Chad (Fr.) colonies. It became part of the French Equatorial Africa. Capital - Bangui
    Chad Central African Republic
    UGANDA (AD 1962–) State, republic (Republic of Uganda; until 1963 - dominion). Formed on the territory of modern Uganda as a result of Uganda's independence (Brit.). Capital - Kampala
    Uganda
    UGANDA (Brit.) (AD 1894-1962) Possession of Great Britain, colony and protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Uganda as a result of the handover of Uganda from the Imperial British East African Company of Great Britain. The independence of Uganda is proclaimed. Capital - Entebbe
    Kenya Uganda
    UKRAINE (AD 1991–) State, republic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Kyiv
    UKRAINIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC (AD 1918, January - 1918, March}, {1918, November - 1920) State. (It was formed on the territory of modern Ukrina as a result of separation from Soviet Russia (it was formed as part of the Russian Republic in June 1917). Occupied by Germany}, {Liberated from occupation. Became part of the Ukrainian SSR). The capital is Kyiv
    UKRAINIAN SSR (AD 1919, March - 1922) State, socialist. (Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic). Educated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of secession from Soviet Russia. The capital is Kharkov. Joined the USSR
    UMMA (2400–2315 BC},{2150–2000 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchical. (Born in the territory of modern Iraq. Became part of Sumer and Akkad}, {Left out of Sumer and Akkad. Conquered by Larsa)
    UNFEDERATED MALAY STATES (Brit.) (AD 1826–1941) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory modern Malaysia as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu (Johor was annexed in 1914). Occupied by Japan
    Malaysia
    UNION ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1899-1916) British possession, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Tokelau (New Zeal.) as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over the islands. We entered the composition. Colonies of Gilbert and Ellis Islands (Brit.)
    Tokelau (New Zeal.)
    UNION ISLANDS (New Zeal.) (AD 1926-1946) Possession of New Zealand, dependent territory. Formed on the territory of modern Tokelau (New Zeal.) as a result of the separation of the islands from the colony of Gilbert and Ellis Islands (Brit.) from their transfer to New Zealand
    Tokelau (New Zeal.)
    UNION OF MALAYS (Brit.) (AD 1946-1948) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Malaysia as a result of the unification of the British protectorate the Federated Malay States, the unfederated Malay states (UK) and the Colony of Straits Settlements (Brit.), which were under the control of the British Military Administration (Malaya). Converted to Federation of Malay (Brit.). Capital - Kuala Lumpur
    Malaysia
    UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA (AD 1910-1961) State, capitalist. Formed on the territory of modern Republic of South Africa as a result of the unification of the British colonies Cape Colony, Colony of Natal, Orange River Colony, Transvaal Colony, , part of Bechuanaland (Brit.) and the creation of the Union of South Africa dominion independent from Great Britain. Converted to South Africa. Capitals - Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial)
    RSA
    UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS (USSR) (1922–1991) State, socialist. Educated on the territory modern Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan through the unification of the RSFSR, Ukrainian SSR (Ukraine), BSSR (Belarus) and ZSFSR (Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic). Broke up into 15 independent states. Moscow the capital
    Azerbaijan Armenia Belarus Georgia Estonia Казахстан Киргизия Latvia Lithuania Молдавия Польша Россия (Калининград обл.) Россия (ПФО) Россия (СЗФО) Россия (УФО) Россия (ЦФО) Россия (ЮФО) Россия (СибФО) Россия (ДФО) Таджикистан Туркмения Узбекистан Ukraine
    UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (AD 1971–) State, monarchical. A federation of 6 emirates. Arose in the territory of United Arab Emirates as a result of the declaration of independence from Great Britain in Trucial States. Capital — Abu Dhabi
    UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC (UAR) (AD 1958–1971) State, capitalist. Educated on the territory modern Egypt and Syria as a result of the unification of Egypt and Syria. The capital is Cairo. In 1961, Syria withdrew from the (UAR), and in 1971. (UAR) was renamed Egypt
    UNITED KINGDOM OF PORTUGAL, BRAZIL AND ALGARVE (AD 1815-1822) State. Formed on the territory of modern Portugal and Brazil as a result of the unification of Portugal, Brazil (Port.) and other Portuguese colonies. Liquidated after the proclamation of Brazilian independence. Capital - Rio de Janeiro
    Brazil Португалия
    UNITED PROVINCES OF CENTRAL ITALY (AD 1859–1860) Public entity administered by the Kingdom of Sardinia. Formed on the territory modern Italy as a result of the unification of the Duchies of Modena, Parma, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and part of the territory of the Papal States. The capital was not. Became part of the Kingdom of Sardinia
    Italy
    UNITED PROVINCES OF RIO DE LA PLATA (AD 1810-1816) State. It was formed on the territory of modern Argentina as a result of the declaration of independence from Spain in the Rio de la Plata (Sp.). Renamed United Provinces of South America. Capital - Buenos Aires
    Argentina Boliviina Uruguay Бразилия
    UNITED PROVINCES OF SOUTH AMERICA (AD 1816-1831) State. It was formed as a result of the renaming of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata into the United Provinces of South America. Capital - Buenos Aires
    Argentina Boliviina Uruguay Бразилия
    UNITED STATES (AD 1783-) State capitalist (United States of America). Formed on the territory of United States as a result of the declaration of independence of the thirteen colonies of Great Britain (Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4 1776). Capital - Washington
    Dominican Republic Haiti Канада США" "
    UPPER BURGUNDY (AD 888–933) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Upper Burgundy). Originated on the territory modern Switzerland as a result of secession from the East Frankish Kingdom. The capital is Besançon. United with Lower Burgundy into a single state - the Kingdom of Burgundy (Arelat)
    France Швейцария" "
    UPPER CANADA (Brit.) (AD 1791-1841) a British colony (as a part of British North America). Founded on the territor of Canada as a result of partition of Quebec (Brit). Incorporated in Canada (Brit.). Capital - Newark (1791-1797), New York (1797-1841) (renamed the Toronto 1834)
    UPPER EGYPT (3500–3000 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Educated on the territory modern Egypt as a result of the unification of 22 primitive states (nomes). The capital is Hierakonopol. Included in Ancient Egypt
    UPPER SENEGAL (Fr.) (AD 1880-1890) Possession of France, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Mali as a result of the conquests of the states of Vassulu, Tijania, Kenedugu, Mosi. Renamed to French Sudan Capital - Bamako
    Mali Mauritania Niger
    UPPER VOLTA (AD 1960-1984) Capitalist state (Republic of Upper Volta). Formed on the territory of modern Burkina Faso as a result of the declaration of independence from France by Upper Volta (Fr.). Renamed Burkina Faso. Capital - Ouagadougou
    Burkina Faso
    UPPER VOLTA (Fr.) (AD 1958–1960) Possession of France, autonomous republic. Formed on the territory of modern Burkina Faso as a result of the secession from French West Africa. The independence of Upper Volta is proclaimed. Capital - Ouagadougou
    Burkina Faso
    UR (2500–2315 BC},{2150–2000 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchical. (It was born on the territory of modern Iraq. It became part of Sumer and Akkad}, {It left Sumer and Akkad. It was conquered by Larsa). Mentioned in the Old Testament as "Ur of the Chaldees", the birthplace of the prophet Abraham
    URARTU (860–585 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Turkey. The capital is Tushpa. Conquered by Medes
    Azerbaijan Армения Georgia Ирак Iran Турция" "
    URUGUAY (AD 1828–) State, capitalistic, republic (Eastern Republic of Uruguay). Formed on the territory. modern Uruguay as a result of the withdrawal from the United Provinces of South America. Capital - Montevideo
    Uruguay
    URUK (2800–2315 BC},{2150–2110 BC) Sumerian city-state, slaveholding, monarchical. (Born in the territory of modern Iraq. Became part of Sumer and Akkad}, {Left out of Sumer and Akkad. Conquered by Ur)
    UTICA (1100–825 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Phoenicians on the territory. modern Tunisia Conquered by Carthage. "">
    Казахстан Киргизия Россия (СибФО) Россия (ДФО) КНР Mongolia
    UZBEK KHANATE (AD 1428–1480) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Kazakhstan as a result of the collapse of the Golden Horde. Conquered by the Kazakh Khanate. Capitals - Chingi-Tura, Orda-Bazaar (1428-1446), Sygnak (1446-1468), Kazhy-Tarkhan (1468-1480)
    UZBEKISTAN (AD 1991–) State, republic (Republic of Uzbekistan). Originated on the territory modern Uzbekistan as a result of the collapse of the USSR. Capital - Tashkent

    V

    Историческая справка

    Страна
    VAKATAKA EMPIRE (AD 220–500) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the collapse of the Satavahan Empire. Capital - Vatsagulma. Won Vishnukundina Empire
    India
    VALENCIA EMIRATE (AD 1021-1102) State, feudal theocratic Arab-Muslim. Originated on the territory modern Spain as a result of the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba. The capital is Valencia. Conquered by the Almoravid State
    VALONA (AD 1367–1417) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Valona and Kanina). Originated on the territory modern Albania as a result of separation from the Serbian kingdom. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. Capital - Vlora
    Albania
    VAN DIEMAN'S LAND (Brit.) (AD 1825-1856) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of separation from the colony of New South Wales (Brit.). Renamed Tasmania (Brit.). Capital - Hobart
    Norfolk Island (Brit.)
    VĂN LANG (2524–258 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Vietnam as the first state of the Viet. Conquered by the state of Aulak. Capital - Phong Châu">
    Vietnam
    VANUATU (AD 1980–) State, republic (Republic of Vanuatu). Formed on the territory of modern Vanuatu as a result of the declaration of independence in the condominium of Great Britain and France and the New Hebrides (Fr., Brit.) and the formation of the Republic of Vanuatu. Capital - Port Vila
    Vanuatu
    VASPURAKAN KINGDOM (AD 908–1021) State, Armenian feudal, monarchical. It arose on the territory. modern Turkey. Distinguished from the Anian Kingdom. Conquered by the Byzantine Empire
    Iran Турция" "
    VATICAN (AD 1929–) Monarchist, theocratic state. Originated on the territory modern Vatican as a result of secession from Italy. Capital - legally absent, in fact the Vatican
    VELBYZHDSKOYE PRINCIPALITY (AD 1371–1395) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Macedonia as a result of the collapse of the Serbian kingdom. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate. Capital - Velbyzhd (now - Kyustendil)
    Bulgaria Greece Македония Сербия" "
    VENEZUELA (AD 1830–) State, capitalistic, republic (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela). Formed on the territory. modern Venezuela as a result of declaration of independence in Venezuela (Sp.). Capital - Caracas
    Guyana Venezuela
    VENEZUELA (Sp.) (AD 1777-1830) Colony of Spain (captaincy general). Created on the territory of modern Venezuela as a result of separation from New Granada (Sp.). The independence of Venezuela is proclaimed. Capital - Caracas
    Brazil Guyana Trinidad and Tobago Venezuela
    VICTORIA (Brit.) (AD 1851-1901) Possession of Great Britain, colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of separation from the colony of New South Wales (Brit.). It became part of the dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia. Capital - Melbourne
    VIDEHA (850–500 BC) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India. Fell into disrepair
    India Nepal
    VIDINA KINGDOM (AD 1371–1396) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Bulgaria as a result of the collapse of the Second Bulgarian Kingdom. The capital is Vidin. Conquered by the Ottoman Emirate
    Bulgaria Сербия" "
    VIENTIANE (AD 1707–1828) State, monarchical. Formed on the territory modern Laos as a result of the collapse of Lan Xang. Annexed by Siam. The capital is Vientiane
    Laos
    VIETNAM (SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM) (AD 1976–) State, republic. Formed on the territory of modern Vietnam as a result of the unification of the DRV and South Vietnam. Capital - Hanoi
    Vietnam
    VIJAYANAGARA EMPIRE (AD 1336–1646) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the fight with the Indians of the Delhi Sultanate. Capital - Vijayanagara. Сeased to exist
    India
    VIRGIN ISLANDS (Brit.) (AD 1960–) British possession, self-governing territory. Formed on the territory of modern Virgin Islands (Brit.) as a result of the dissolution of the British Leeward Islands colony. Capital - Road Town
    Virgin Islands (Brit.)
    VIRGIN ISLANDS (Dutch) (AD 1960–) Ownership of the Netherlands. Formed on the territory of modern Virgin Islands (Brit.) as a result of the establishment of settlements on the islands of Tortola and Virgin Gorda. Transferred to Great Britain and incorporated into the British Leeward Islands
    Virgin Islands (Brit.)
    VIRGIN ISLANDS (USA) (AD 1917–) US possession, unincorporated organized territory. Formed on the territory of modern Virgin Islands (USA) as a result of the transfer of the Danish West Indies from Denmark to the US. Capital - Charlotte Amalie
    Virgin Islands (USA)
    VISHNUKUNDINA (AD 420-624) The State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the of India as a result of separation from Vakataka/ Capitals - Eluru, Amaravati. Won the Eastern Chalukya
    India
    VITEBSK PRINCIPALITY (AD 1101–1320) State, feudal, Slavic, specific principality. Originated on the territory modern Belarus as a result of separation from the Principality of Polotsk. It became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (in which it existed until 1508). Capital - Vitebsk
    Belarus Россия (ЦФО)" "
    VLADIMIR PRINCIPALITY (AD 1157–1240) State, feudal, Slavic (Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal, Grand Duchy of Vladimir). Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from Kievan Rus. It fell under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Capital - Vladimir
    VLADIMIR PRINCIPALITY (yoke) (AD 1240–1364) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Educated on the territory modern Russia as a result of the Vladimir principality falling under the Tatar-Mongol yoke. Attached to the Moscow principality (yoke). Capital - Vladimir
    VOLGA BULGARIA (AD 800–1240) State, feudal, monarchical, Muslim. Educated on the territory modern Russia by the Bulgar tribes who came from Great Bulgaria. Conquered by the Golden Horde. Capital - Great Bulgar
    VOLSINIA (1000–280 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. He was a member of the Union of 12 city-states of Etruria. Destroyed by the Roman Republic
    Italy
    VOLYN PRINCIPALITY (AD 1154–1199) State, feudal, Slavic. Originated on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from Kievan Rus (it existed as part of Kievan Rus since 988). Merged with the Principality of Galicia into the Principality of Galicia-Volyn. Capital - Vladimir-Volynsky
    Belarus Польша Ukraine" "
    VOSPORO (Genoese) (AD 1318–1475) City-state, colony of the Republic of Genoa. Born on the territory modern Ukraine as a result of separation from the Golden Horde. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire. The modern city of Kerch

    W

    Историческая справка

    Страна
    WADAI (AD 1635-1900) State, feudal, sultanate. Born on the territory. modern Chad as a state of the Maba people. It became part of Chad (Fr.). Capital - Abeche
    Chad
    WAKE ISLAND (USA) (AD 1899-1941}, {1945-) US possession (unincorporated unorganized territory). (Formed on the territory of modern of Wake Islands (USA) as a result of joining the USA. Occupied by Japan}, {Released from occupation)
    Wake Island (USA)
    WALACHIA (Russian) (AD 1829–1856) State, protectorate of the Russian Empire. Educated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the liberation of Wallachia (osm.) from Ottoman dependence and the establishment of a protectorate of the Russian Empire. The capital is Bucharest. Restored as independent Principality of Wallachia
    WALDEC (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Principality of Waldeck). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1712). In 1807-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation, in 1867-1871 - a member of the North German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Arolsen
    Germany "
    WALES (AD 1216–1542) State, feudal, monarchical (Principalities of Gwynedd). Based on the territory modern Great Britain (in Wales) as a result of the transformation of the Kingdom of Gwynedd. The capitals are Deganui, Aberfrau, Hart-Kälin. Changed to Principality of Wales
    Great Britain
    WALFISH BAY (RSA) (AD 1910-1994) Possession of the Republic of South Africa. Formed on the territory of modern Namibia as a result of the transfer of British ownership to the South African Union. Transferred to Namibia. Capital - Walvis Bay
    Namibia
    WALLAHIA (osm.) (AD 1415–1829) State, vassal of the Ottoman Empire (until 1453 - the Ottoman Emirate). Educated on the territory modern Romania as a result of falling of the Principality of Wallachia into vassalage from the Ottoman Emirate. The capitals are Curtea de Arges, Targovishte (1430–1660), Bucharest (since 1660). Transformed into Wallachia (Russian) - protectorate of the Russian Empire
    WALLAHIA AND MOLDOVA (AD 1859–1862) State, capitalist, monarchy (United Principality of Wallachia and Moldavia, until 1878 a vassal of the Ottoman Empire). Originated on the territory modern Romania as a result of the unification of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldova. Changed to Principality of Romania. Capital - Iasi
    "Молдавия Румыния Ukraine
    WALLIS AND FUTUNA (Fr.) (AD 1887–) Possession of France (since 1961 - overseas territory, since 2003 - overseas community). Formed on the territory of modern Wallis and Futuna (Fr.) as a result of the establishment of a French protectorate over the islands of Wallis and Futuna. Capital - Mata-Utu
    Wallis and Futuna (Fr.)
    WALVIS BAY (British) (AD 1868-1910) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate. Formed on the territory of modern Namibia as a result of the establishment of a British protectorate over Walvis Bay. Capital - Walvis Bay
    Namibia
    WARI (AD 500-1000) State, slave, monarchical. It was born on the territory of Bolivia. Capital - Wari. Destroyed
    Peru
    WEI (AD 220-266) The ancient kingdom of the era of the Three Kingdoms. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the collapse of the Han Empire. It became part of the Jin state. Capital - Luoyang
    KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China) Vietnam
    WESSEX (AD 519–927) State, feudal, monarchical (Kingdom of Wessex). Founded by the Saxons on the territory. modern Great Britain (in England). The capital is Winchester. After the final unification of the seven kingdoms by King Æthelstan of Wessex: Wessex, Sussex, Essex, Kent, Northumbria, East Anglia and Mercia were transformed into England
    Great Britain
    WEST BERLIN (AD 1949–1990) Special political entity. Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the unification of the British, French and American sectors of the occupation of Berlin. Became part of Germany "">
    Germany
    WEST FRANKISH KINGDOM (AD 843–987) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern France as a result of the division of the Frankish State. The capital is Paris. Renamed to France
    Andorra Belgium France Germany Great Britain Испания Люксембург Нидерланды
    WEST INDIAN FEDERATION ( Brit.) (AD 1958-1962) Possession of Great Britain. Formed on the territory of modern Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Dominica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Anguilla (Brit.), Montserrat (Brit.), Cayman Islands (Brit.) , Turks and Caicos (Brit.) as a result of the unification of the British possessions Barbados (UK), Trinidad and Tobago (UK), Jamaica (UK), British Leeward Islands and British Windward Islands. Broken up. Capital - Port of Spain
    Antigua and Barbuda Barbados Grenada Dominica Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago Jamaica Anguilla (Brit.) Montserrat (Brit.) Cayman Islands (Brit.) Turks and Caicos Islands (Brit.)
    WESTERN AUSTRALIA (Brit.) (AD 1833-1901) Possession of Great Britain, a colony. Formed on the territory of modern Australia as a result of the renaming of the Swan River Colony (Brit.). It became part of the dominion of the Commonwealth of Australia. Capital - Perth
    WESTERN CHALUKYAS (AD 973–1189) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India as a result of separation from Rashtrakuta Empire. Capitals - Manyakheta, Basavakalyan. Сeased to exist
    India
    WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE (AD 395-476) State, slaveholding, monarchist. Formed on the territory modern Italy as a result of the division of the Roman Empire. The capital is Rome. It ceased to exist as a result of the seizure of power by the leader of the Germans Odoacer, who created on the territory. modern Italy State of Odoacer
    Austria Алжир Andorra Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia France Germany Gibraltar Great Britain Hungary Ватикан Испания Italy Ливия Liechtenstein Люксембург Мальта Марокко Монако Нидерланды Португалия Сербия Словения Тунис Черногория Швейцария" "
    WESTERN SAHARA (Sp.) (AD 1845-1975) Colony of Spain (since 1958 - a province of Spain). Formed on the territory of modern Sahara Arab Democratic Republic as a result of the Spanish occupation of the coastal regions of Western Sahara. Divided between Morocco and Mauritania. Capital - Villa Cisneros (until 1958), El Aaiun (from 1958)
    Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
    WESTERN SAMOA (AD 1962-1997) State, capitalistic, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern Samoa as a result of the declaration of independence in the Trust Territory of New Zealand Western Samoa (New Zeal.). Capital - Apia
    Samoa
    WESTERN SAMOA (New Zeal.) (AD 1920-1962) Possession of New Zealand, Trust Territory. Formed on the territory of modern Samoa as a result of the transfer of Samoa (DE) to New Zealand's mandate. Independence proclaimed, capital - Apia
    Samoa
    WESTERN SATRAPS (AD 35–405) State, a slave, a monarchist. Arose in the territory of India as a result of the separation of the Indo-Scythian kingdom. Capitals - Ujjain, Bharakuccha. Won Gupta Empire Gupta
    India
    WESTERN THACE (AD 1947–1954) The territory under the control of the Entente countries, created on the territory. modern Greece. Obrazovna as a result of the separation of part of the historical and geographical region of Western Thrace from Bulgaria by decision of the Treaty of Neuilly. Transferred to Greece
    Greece
    WESTERN TURKIC KHAGANATE (AD 603–704) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the collapse of Turkic Khaganate. After the seizure of power by the tribes of the Türgesh, it ceased to exist and was transformed into the Türgesh Khaganate. The capital was Suyab
    Казахстан Киргизия Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China) Россия (ПФО)(СибФО)(УФО)(ЮФО) Туркмения Узбекистан" "
    WESTERN UKRAINIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC (AD 1918, November - 1919, January) State, self-proclaimed. Educated on the territory modern Ukriny as a result of the collapse of Austria-Hungary. It became part of the Ukrainian People's Republic. The capital is Kyiv.
    WESTERN WEI (AD 535–557) State, monarchy. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the division of the state of Northern Wei. Was replaced by the state of Northern Zhou. Capital - Pingcheng
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    WESTERN ZHOU (1045–771 BC) Ancient kingdom. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the overthrow of the Shang dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou era. Replaced by the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Capital - Fenghao
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    WESTERN-KARAKHANID KHANATE (AD 1040–1212) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated on the territory modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the collapse of the Karakhanid state. From 1089 - vassal of the Seljuk state. The capital is Samarkand. Conquered by the State of Khorezmshakho.
    WESTPHALIA (AD 1807–1813) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Westphalia). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of secession from Prussia. Member of the Confederation of the Rhine. Divided between Prussia and the Electorate of Hesse-Kassel. Capital - Kassel
    WEYI (1000–396 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchical. Founded by the Etruscans on the territory. modern Italy. He was a member of the Union of 12 city-states of Etruria. Destroyed by the Roman Republic
    Italy
    WOGODOGO (AD 1182-1895) State, kingdom. Formed on the territory of modern Burkina Faso by the Mossi people. As a result of the establishment of the protectorate of France, it became part of French West Africa (Fr.). Capital - Ouagadougou
    Burkina Faso
    WU (AD 222-280) Ancient kingdom of the era of the Three Kingdoms. Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of separation from the Wei kingdom. It became part of the Jin state. Capital - Wuhang
    КНР Vietnam
    Württemberg (AD 1806–1871) State, monarchical (Kingdom of Württemberg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire and the transformation of the Electorate of Württemberg. In 1806-1813 - a member of the Confederation of the Rhine, in 1815-1866 - a member of the German Confederation. Became part of a united Germany. Capital - Stuttgart
    Germany
    WURZBURG (AD 1806–1814) State, monarchical (Grand Duchy of Würzburg). Formed on the territory modern Germany as a result of the liquidation of the Holy Roman Empire (formed as part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1805). In 1806-1813 he was a member of the Confederation of the Rhine. It became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Capital - Würzburg
    Germany
    WUSUN (177–7 BC) State, slave-owning, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Kyrgyzstan as a result of the resettlement of the nomadic Wusun tribe from Xinjiang (Eastern China) to Semirechie. It ceased to exist as a result of the resettlement of Wusun in the Aral Sea area. Capital - Chugucheng
    Казахстан Киргизия PRC (People's Republic Of China)

    X

    Историческая справка

    Страна
    XI XIA (AD 1038–1227) State, monarchy (Xi Xia Empire). Educated on the territory of modern PRC as a Tangut state. Conquered by the Mongol Empire. Capital - Yinchuan
    Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    XIA (2070-1600 BC) Legendary dynasty (state). Formed on the territory of modern PRC and ruled in ancient China. Power passed to the Shang dynasty Capital - Yangcheng
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    XIN (AD 9-23) Ancient state (Xin Empire). Formed on the territory of modern PRC as a result of the transfer of power from the Han dynasty. Power returned to the Han dynasty (Eastern Han. Capital - Chang'an
    PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    YADAVAS (AD 1189–1317) The state, feudal, monarchical. Arose in the territory of India after the collapse of the Western Chalukyas. Capital - Devagiri. Conquered the Delhi Sultanate
    India
    YAMHAD (1800–1280 BC) State, slaveholding, monarchist. It was located on the territory. modern Syria. Educated by the Amorites. The capital is Halab (modern Aleppo). Destroyed by the Hittites
    Yaroslavl principality (yoke) (AD 1364–1463) State, feudal, Slavic. Vassal of the Golden Horde. Originated on the territory modern Russia as a result of separation from the Vladimir principality (yoke). Attached to the Moscow principality. Capital - Yaroslavl
    YEMEN (AD 897–1173},{AD 1229–1546},{AD 1635–1872},{1918–) State Muslim (until 1962 Imamate, then the kingdom, republic since 1962). (Arose in the territory of Yemen as a result of separation from the Abbasid Caliphate. Conquered by State of Ayyubid},{Restore the independence. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire},{Restore the independence. Conquered by the Ottoman Empire},{Restore the independence). Capital — Sana
    Йемен
    YIFAT (AD 1285-1415) State, monarchy (Sultanate of Yifat). Formed on the territory of modern Somalia on the Harar plateau. Conquered by the Adal Sultanate. Capital - Saila">
    Somalia
    YUAN DYNASTY (AD 1271–1368) State, monarchical. Originated in the territory of modern Mongolia as a result of the establishment in Mongol Empire of power grandson of Genghis Khan Khan Khubilai. Converted to the Great Ming Empire as a result of the uprising of the Red Bandages. The capital was Khanbaliq
    Россия (ДФО)(СибФО) KPDR (Korean People's Democratic Republic) Mongolia PRC (People's Republic Of China)
    YUGOSLAVIA (AD 1929–1941}, {1945–2003) State, socialist (since 1945), republic (since 1945). (It was formed on the territory of modern Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of the renaming of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (until 1941 - the Kingdom of Yugoslavia). It ceased to exist as a result of the occupation by Germany and Italy and the proclamation on the territory of modern. Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina of the Independent State of Croatia},{Recreated as a result of liberation from German and Italian occupation (from 1945 - Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, from 1946 - Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (FPRY), from 1963 - Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), since 1992 - the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY. Renamed to Serbia and Montenegro). Capital - Belgrade
    Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Македония Сербия Словения Черногория" "
    ZAIRE (AD 1971-1997) The state, capitalist. Formed on the territory of modern DR Congo as a result of renaming Congo (Kinshasa). Capital - Kinshasa
    DR Congo
    ZAKHUMIE (AD 850–917) State, feudal, monarchical (principality). Originated on the territory modern Bosnia and Herzegovina as a result of separation from the Byzantine Empire. It became part of the First Bulgarian Kingdom. Capital - undefined
    Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia
    ZAKROS (1900–1750 BC) City-state. It originated during the Minoan civilization on the territory. O. Crete (modern Greece). Conquered by Knossos. (Zakros is the modern name of the city-state, the real name is unknown)
    Greece
    ZAMBIA (AD 1964–) Capitalist state (Republic of Zambia). Formed on the territory of modern Zambia as a result of the proclamation of independence, the possession of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland (Brit.) and its partition into Zambia, Malawi and Rhodesia. Capital - Lusaka
    Zambia
    ZANKLA (730–493 BC) City-state, slaveholding, monarchist. Founded by the ancient Greeks on the territory. modern Italy (O. Sicily). Renamed to Messana
    ZANZIBAR (AD 1963– 1964) State (until January 1964 - Sultanate of Zanzibar; from January to April 1964 People's Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba). Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of Zanzibar's independence (Brit.). It merged with Tanganyika to form Tanzania. Capital - Zanzibar
    Tanzania
    ZANZIBAR (Brit.) (AD 1861-1963) Possession of Great Britain, protectorate (Sultanate of Zanzibar). Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of separation from the colony of Muscat and Oman (Brit.). The independence of Zanzibar is proclaimed. Capital - Zanzibar
    Kenya Tanzania
    ZANZIBAR (Oman) (AD 1698-1820) Possession of the Sultanate of Oman. Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of the conquest of the island of Zanzibar by the Sultanate of Oman. It became part of the colony of Muscat and Oman (Brit.). Capital - Zanzibar
    Kenya Tanzania
    ZANZIBAR (Port.) (AD 1505-1698) Possession of Portugal. Formed on the territory of modern Tanzania as a result of the Portuguese conquest of the island of Zanzibar. Conquered by the Sultanate of Oman. Capital - Zanzibar
    Mozambique Tanzania
    ZAPOTEC CIVILIZATION (700 BC - AD 1522) One of the oldest civilizations that arose on the territory of Mexico. Conquered Spain, it was a part of New Spain. Capitals - Monte Albán (700 BC - AD 700), Mitla (AD 700-1400), Zaachila-Yoo (AD 1400-1522)
    ZETA (AD 1356–1402) State, feudal, monarchical (Principality of Zeta). Originated on the territory modern Montenegro as a result of separation from the Serbian kingdom. It became part of the Serbian despotism. Capital - Podgorica
    Albania Черногория" "
    ZIMBABWE (AD 1980–) Capitalist state (Republic of Zimbabwe). Formed on the territory of modern Zimbabwe as a result of the declaration of independence of Southern Rhodesia (Brit.). Capital - Harare
    Zimbabwe
    APULIA AND SICILY (AD 1130–1282) State, feudal, monarchical. Originated in the territory. modern Italy as a result of the unification of the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria and the County of Sicily. The capital is Palermo. After the separation of the Kingdom of Naples, it was renamed the Kingdom of Sicily
    Albania Greece Italy Мальта" "
    BELGIUM (AD 1830-1914},{1918-1940},{1944–) A capitalist state (the Kingdom of Belgium). (Originated on Terra. modern Belgium as a result of separation from the Netherlands. Occupied by Germany},{Restored. Occupied by Germany},{Restored). The capital is Brussels
    Belgium
    ROMAN EMPIRE (27 BC – AD 395) State, slaveholding, monarchical. Formed in the territory modern Italy as a result of the establishment of the monarchy in the Roman Republic. The capital is Rome. Divided into the Western Roman Empire and the Eastern Roman Empire.
    Albania Алжир Andorra Austria Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia France Germany Gibraltar Ватикан Great Britain Hungary Greece Georgia Египет Израиль Иордания Ирак Испания Italy Cyprus Ливан Ливия Liechtenstein Люксембург Македония Мальта Марокко Монако Нидерланды Португалия Румыния Сан-Марино Саудовская Аравия Сирия Словения Тунис Турция Швейцария" "