PERSONS

Abrikosov, Alexei Alekseevich (Abrikosov, Alexei) 06/25/1928 Russia (Moscow // USSR) — 03/29/2017 USA (Palo Alto) physicist
Geobiography: 1928–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2008 USA (Chicago); 2009–2017 US (Palo Alto) Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 (for his work in the field of superconductivity and superfluidity)

Abouzaid, Mohammed 1981 Morocco (Rabat) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1981–1998 Morocco (Rabat); 1999–2002 United States (Richmond, Virginia); 2003–2011 USA (Chicago); 2012–2050 USA (New York). Prize "New Horizons of Mathematics" 2017 (for finding coxal bundles of exotic spheres, a collection of complex with Paul Seidel wrapped Fukai category and a number of other works in the field of symplectic topology and mirror collection)

Acemoglu, Daron (Acemoğlu, Daron) 09/3/1967 Türkiye (Istanbul) economist.
Geobiography: 1967–1984 Türkiye (Istanbul); 1985–1989 Veliu. (York); 1990–1992 Great. (London); 1993-2050 USA (Boston). Nobel Prize in Economics 2024 (for research on the formation of institutions and their impact on welfare)

Adelson-Velsky, Georgy Maksimovich (Adelson-Velsky, Georgy) 01/08/1922 Russia (Samara // USSR) — 04/26/2014 Israel (Tel Aviv)
Geobiography: 1922–1939 Russia (Samara // USSR); 1940–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–1991 Russia (Moscow); 1992–2013 Israel (Ashdod); 2014–2014 Israel (Tel Aviv). Together with E. Landis, in 1962 he invented a data structure called the AVL tree

Adiprasito, Karim (Adiprasito, Karim) 1988 Germany (Aachen) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1988–2006 Germany (Aachen); 2007–2010 Germany (Dortmund); 2011–2014 Germany (Berlin); 2015–2018 Israel (Jerusalem); 2019–2050 Denmark (Copenhagen). New Horizons in Mathematics Prize 2019 (for the development (with Eric Katz) of the combinatorial Hodge theory that provides a solution to Rota's logarithmic concavity conjecture)

Agol, Ian 05/13/1970 USA (Los Angeles) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1970–1985 USA (Los Angeles); 1986–1987 USA (Oakland); 1988–1992 USA (San Diego); 1993–2010 USA (Chicago); 2011–2050 USA (Berkeley). Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2016 (for contributions to low-dimensional topology and geometric group theory, including work on the Marden Conjecture, Haken's Virtual Conjecture, and the Virtual Bundle Conjecture

Agostini, Pierre 23.07.1941 Tunis (Tunis // Tunis (Fr.)) physicist.
Geobiography: 1941–1957 Tunisia (Tunisia // Tunisia (Fr.)); 1958–1959 France (La Flèche); 1960–1968 France (Marseille); 1969–2004 France (Paris); 2005–2051 USA (Columbus, Ohio) Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 (for experimental methods generating attosecond pulses of light to study the dynamics of electrons in matter)

Agre, Peter (Peter Agre) 01/30/1949 USA (Northfield // Northfield // -93.1062,44.4512) chemist.
Geobiography: 1949–1966 USA (Northfield); 1967–1970 USA (Minneapolis); 1971–1974 USA (Baltimore); 1975–1977 USA (Cleveland); 1978–1980 USA (Chapel Hill // Chapel Hill // -79.049922,35.907308); 1981–1983 USA (Cleveland); 1984–2004 USA (Baltimore); 2005–2007 USA (Durham); 2008–2020 USA (Baltimore) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003 (for research on ion channels in cell membranes and the water-salt balance in the human body)

Aho, Alfred ( Aho, Alfred ) 08/9/1941 Canada( Timmins // Timmins ) computer science.
Geobiography: 1941–1958 ***Canada (Timmins); 1959–1963 Canada (Toronto); 1964–1966 USA (Princeton); 1967–1994 USA (Murray Hill); 1995–2050 USA (New York) Turing Award 2020 (For shaping the foundations of compilation and algorithms for programming languages)

Akasaki, Isamu (Akasaki, Isamu) 01/30/1929 Japan (Minamikyushu // Minamikyushu // 130.441944,31.377778 ) – 04/1/2021 Japan (Nagoya) physicist
Geobiography: 1929–1946 Japan (Minamikyushu); 1947–1951 Japan (Kyoto); 1952–1958 Japan (Tokyo); 1959–1963 Japan (Nagoya); 1964–1980 Japan (Tokyo); 1981–2021 Japan (Nagoya). Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 (for the discovery of efficient blue optical LEDs, which made it possible to create bright and energy-efficient white light sources)

Alder, Kurt 07/10/1902 Poland (Chorzow //Germany) - 06/20/1958 Germany (Cologne) chemist.
Geobiography: 1902–1907 Poland (Chorzow // Germany); 1908–1917 Poland (Katowice // Katowice // 19.50.25 // Germany); 1918–1918 Germany (Kiel); 1919–1923 Germany (Berlin); 1924–1935 Germany (Kiel); 1936–1939 Germany (Leverkusen); 1940–1958 Germany (Cologne) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 (Discovery and development of the method of diene synthesis)

Alferov, Zhores Ivanovich (Alferov, Zhores) 03/25/1930 Belarus (Vitebsk) physicist
Geobiography: 1930–1933 Belarus (Vitebsk); 1934–1934 Russia (Volgograd // USSR); 1935–1936 Russia (Novosibirsk // USSR); 1937–1938 Russia (Barnaul // Barnaul // USSR); 1939–1940 Russia (Syasstroy // Syasstroy // USSR); 1941–1944 Russia (Turinsk // Turinsk // USSR); 1945–1947 Belarus (Minsk // Minsk // USSR // 27.6047,53.9049); 1948–1990 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1991–2018 Russia (Saint Petersburg) Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 (For the discovery of semiconductor heterostructures)

Alfors, Lars (Ahlfors, Lars) 04/18/1907 Finland (Helsinki // Russian Empire) - 10/11/1996 USA (Pittsfield) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1907–1916 Finland (Helsinki // Russian Empire); 1917–1944 Finland (Helsinki); 1945–1945 Switzerland (Zurich); 1946–1995 USA (Boston); 1996–1996 USA (Pittsfield). Fields Prize in Mathematics 1936 (Development of the theory of Riemann surfaces and development of the theory of quasiconformal mappings). The 1981 Wolf Prize in Mathematics "for productive discoveries and the creation of new powerful methods in the geometric theory of functions"

Alfven, Hannes 05/30/1908 Sweden (Norrkoping) - 04/2/1995 Sweden (Stockholm) physicist.
Geobiography: 1908–1925 Sweden ( Norrköping ); 1926–1936 Sweden (Uppsala); 1937–1953 Sweden (Stockholm); 1954–1955 US (College Park); 1956–1966 Sweden (Stockholm); 1967–1990 USA (San Diego); 1991–1995 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Physics 1970 (Fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydrodynamics and its applications in various fields of physics)

Allais, Maurice (Allais, Maurice) 05/31/1911 France (Paris) - 9/10/2010 France (Paris) economist.
Geobiography: 1911–1966 France (Paris); 1967–1969 Switzerland (Geneva); 1970–2010 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Economics 1988 (For his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and the efficient use of resources)

Allen, Frances ( Allen, Frances ) 08/4/1932 USA ( Peru // Peru // ) - August 4, 2020 USA (Schenectady, New York,) informatics
Geobiography: 1932–1949 USA ( Peru ) ; 1950–1953 USA (Albany); 1954–1956 USA (Ann Arbor); 1957–2018 USA (New York); 2019–2020 US (Schenectady). Turing Award 2006 (For pioneering contributions to the theory and practice of computer program optimization, which served as the basis for modern optimizing compilers and automatic program parallelization). First woman to win the Turing Award

Altman, Sidney (Sidney Altman) 05/7/1939 Canada (Montreal) — 5.04.2022 US (NewHaven) chemist.
Geobiography: 1939-1956 Canada (Montreal); 1957–1960 USA (Boston); 1961–1961 USA (New York); 1962–1967 USA (Boulder); 1968–1970 USA (Boston); 1971–2022 US (NewHaven) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1989 (Discovery of the enzymatic activity of ribonucleic acids)

Anderson, Carl 09/3/1905 USA (New York) - 01/11/1991 USA (Pasadena) physicist.
Geobiography: 1905–1910 USA (New York); 1911–1923 US (Los Angeles); 1924–1991 USA (Pasadena) Nobel Prize in Physics 1936 (Discovery of the positron in cosmic rays)

Anderson, Philip (Anderson, Philip) 12/13/1923 USA (Indianapolis) - 03/29/2020 USA (Princeton) physicist
Geobiography: 1923–1925 USA (Indianapolis); 1926–1939 USA (Champaign); 1940–1942 USA (Boston); 1943–1944 USA (Washington); 1945–1948 USA (Boston); 1949–1952 US (Murray Hill); 1953–1954 Japan (Tokyo); 1955–1966 US (Murray Hill); 1967–1968 Great. (Cambridge); 1969–1970 US (Murray Hill); 1971–1972 Great. (Cambridge); 1973–1974 US (Murray Hill); 1975–1984 US (Murray Hill); 1985–2020 USA (Princeton). Nobel Prize in Physics 1977 (Fundamental research in the field of electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems)

Anfinsen, Christian (Anfinsen, Christian) 03/26/1916 USA (Pittsburgh) - 05/14/1995 USA (Baltimore) chemist.
Geobiography: 1916–1924 USA (Pittsburgh); 1925–1938 USA (Philadelphia); 1939–1939 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1940–1947 USA (Boston); 1948–1957 US (Bethesda); 1958–1959 Israel (Rehovot // Rehovot // 34.808122,31.897964); 1960–1961 US (Bethesda); 1962–1981 USA (Boston); 1982–1995 USA (Baltimore) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1972 (Study of the molecular structure of the enzyme ribonuclease and its relation to catalytic activity)

Angrist, Joshua (Angrist, Joshua) 09/18/1960 USA (Columbus, Ohio) economist.
Geobiography: 1960–1966 USA (Columbus); 1967–1977 USA (Pittsburgh); 1978–1981 USA (Oberlin, Ohio); 1982–1988 USA (Princeton); 1989–1990 USA (Boston); 1991–1995 Israel (Jerusalem); 1996–2050 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for methodological contributions to the analysis of cause and effect relationships)

Adrian, Edgar Douglas 11/30/1889 Great. (London) - 08/04/1977 Great. (Cambridge) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1889–1908 Great. (London); 1909–1914 Great. (Cambridge); 1915–1924 Great. (London); 1925–1977 Great. (Cambridge); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932 (Discovery of the functions of neurons)

Alon, Noga (Alon, Noga) 02/17/1956 Israel (Haifa) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1956–1978 Israel (Haifa); 1979–1980 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1981–1983 Israel (Jerusalem); 1984–1984 US (Boston); 1985–2050 Israel (Tel Aviv). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2024 (for fundamental contributions to combinatorics and theoretical computer science)

Appleton, Edward 09/6/1892 Great. (Bradford) - 04/21/1962 Great. (Edinburgh) physicist.
Geobiography: 1892–1910 Great. (Bradford); 1911–1923 Velik (Cambridge); 1924–1935 Velik (London); 1936–1938 Velik (Cambridge); 1939–1948 Velik (London); 1949–1962 Velik (Edinburgh) Nobel Prize in Physics 1947 (Research into the physics of the upper atmosphere, discovery of the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves (Appleton layer)

Arkani-Hamed, Nima (Arkani-Hamed, Nima) 04/5/1972 USA (Houston) physicist.
Geobiography: 1972–1975 USA (Houston); 1976–1980 Iran (Tehran); 1981–1993 Canada (Toronto); 1994–1997 USA (Berkeley); 1998–1998 USA (Stanford); 1999–2001 USA (Berkeley); 2002–2007 USA (Boston); 2008–2050 USA (Princeton) Prize in Fundamental Physics 2012 (For the development of original approaches to solving a number of problems in elementary particle physics, including hypotheses about extra dimensions, the nature of the Higgs boson, supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, theories of dark matter, and the development of a mathematical apparatus for scattering amplitudes in gauge invariance)

Arnold, Vladimir Igorevich 06/12/1937 Ukraine (Odessa // USSR) - 06/3/2010 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1937–1940 Ukraine (Odessa // USSR); 1941–1944 Russia (Magnitogorsk // USSR); 1945–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2009 Russia (Moscow); 2010–2010 France (Paris). N. I. Lobachevsky Prize 1992. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2001 for his profound work that influenced the development of many areas of mathematics, including dynamical systems, differential equations and singularity theory

Arrhenius, Svante (Arrhenius, Svante) 02/19/1859 Sweden (Uppsala) - 10/2/1927 Sweden (Stockholm) chemist.
Geobiography: 1859–1880 Sweden (Uppsala); 1881–1883 ​​Sweden (Stockholm); 1884–1884 Sweden (Uppsala); 1885–1885 Latvia (Riga // Russian Empire); 1886–1886 Germany (Würzburg); 1887–1887 Austria (Graz // Austria-Hungary); 1 –1890 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1891–1927 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1903 (Theory of Electrolytic Dissociation)

Arthur, James (Arthur, James) 05/18/1944 Canada (Hamilton) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1944-1961 Canada (Hamilton); 1962–1966 Canada (Toronto); 1967–1975 USA (New Haven); 1976–1977 USA (Durham); 1978–2020 Canada (Toronto) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2015 for fundamental contributions to the theory of automorphic representations of reductive groups

Artin, Michael (Artin, Michael) 06/28/1934 Germany (Hamburg) mathematician. Film Geobiography: 1934–1936 Germany (Hamburg); 1937–1937 USA (Notre Dame // Notre Dame // ); 1938–1945 USA (Bloomington); 1946–1954 USA (Princeton); 1955–1962 USA (Boston); 1963–1965 France (Paris); 1966–2020 USA (Boston); Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2013 for fundamental contributions to algebraic geometry, mathematical achievements noted as amazing in their depth and scope

Aston, Francis (Aston, Francis) 09/1/1877 Great. (Birmingen) - 11/20/1945 Great. (Cambridge) chemist.
Geobiography: 1877–1887 Great. (Birmingham); 1 –1892 Great. (Malvern); 1893–1908 Great. (Birmingham); 1909–1945 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1922 (Invention of the mass spectrograph and the discovery with its help of isotopes of a large number of non-radioactive elements, formulation of the rule of integers)

Avila, Artur (Artur Avila) 06/23/1979 Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1979–2000 Brazil (Rio de Janeiro); 2001–2020 France (Paris) Fields Prize in Mathematics 2014 (for profound contributions to the theory of dynamical systems, which changed the face of this direction through the idea of ​​using the concept of renormalization as a unifying principle

Aumann, Robert (Aumann, Robert) 06/8/1930 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) economist.
Geobiography: 1930–1937 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1938–1947 USA (New York); 1948–1955 USA (Boston); 1956–2030 Israel (Jerusalem). Nobel Prize in Economics 2005 (For advancing our understanding of conflict and cooperation through the analysis of game theory)

Bernien, Hannes 1986 Germany (Hannover) physicist
Geobiography: 1986–2005 Germany (Hannover); 2006–2007 China (Beijing); 2008–2008 Germany (Hannover); 2009–2009 Republic of Korea (Seoul); 2010–2014 Netherlands (Delft); 2015–2018 USA (Boston); 2019–2050 USA (Chicago). New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For the development of optical tweezer arrays to implement single-atom control for applications in quantum information science, metrology and molecular physics)

Bauerschmidt, Roland 1990 Switzerland (Zurich) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1990–2007 Switzerland (Zurich); 2008–2012 Canada (Winnipeg); 2013–2017 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 2018–2018 USA (Boston); 2019–2019 USA (Princeton); 2020–2050 USA (New York). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2024. For multiple contributions to analytical theory. For outstanding contributions to probability theory and the development of renormalization group methods.

Balasubramanian, Shankar 30.09.1966 India (Madras) physician.
Geobiography: 1966–1966 India (Madras); 1967–1972 Gr. Britain (Runcorn); 1973–1983 Gr. Britain (Warrington); 1984–1990 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 1991–1993 USA (Philadelphia); 1994–2050 Gr. Britain (Cambridge). 2022 Medical Breakthrough Award (for developing a reliable and affordable method for DNA sequencing on a mass scale that has changed the practice of science and medicine)

Banerjee, Abhijit (Banerjee, Abhijit ) 02/21/1961 India (Bombay) economist. Geobiography: 1961-1968 India ( Bombay ); 1969-1981 India ( Calcutta ); 1982-1983 India ( Delhi ); 1984-1990 USA ( Boston ); 1991-1993 USA ( Princeton ); 1994-2030 USA ( Boston ). Nobel Prize in Economics 2019 (For an experimental approach to combating global poverty)

Bardeen, John (05/23/1908 USA (Madison) - 01/30/1991 USA (Boston) physicist.
Geobiography: 1908–1932 USA (Madison); 1933–1935 US (Princeton); 1936–1938 US (Boston); 1939–1944 US (Princeton); 1945–1950 USA (Summit // Summit // -74.364684,40.715622); 1951–1990 US (Champaign); 1991–1991 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 (Research on semiconductors and discovery of the transistor effect) and 1972 (Creation of the microscopic (quantum) theory of superconductivity)

Barkla, Charles (Barkla, Charles) 06/7/1877 Great. ( Widnes // Widnes // -2.728,53.363 ) - 10/23/1944 Great. (Edinburgh) physicist.
Geobiography: 1877–1887 Great. (Widnes); 1 –1897 Great. (Liverpool); 1898–1901 Great. (Cambridge); 1902–1908 Great. (Liverpool); 1909–1912 Great. (London); 1913–1944 Great. (Edinburgh). Nobel Prize in Physics 1917 (Discovery of the characteristic X-ray radiation of elements)

Bennett, Charles 7.04.1943 USA (New York) physicist.
Geobiography: 1943–1960 USA (New York); 1961–1964 US (Waltham); 1965–1970 US (Boston); 1971–1970 US (Chicago); 1972–2050 USA (New York) Fundamental Physics Prize 2023 (For fundamental work in the field of quantum information)

Banting, Frederick 11/14/1891 Canada (Toronto) - 02/21/1941 Canada (Gander // Newfoundland (brit.)) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1891–1915 Canada (Toronto); 1916–1918 France (Cambrai); 1919–1919 Canada (Toronto); 1920–1921 Canada (London); 1922–1940 Canada (Toronto); 1941–1941 Canada (Gander // Newfoundland (brit.)). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923 (Discovery of insulin)

Barany, Robert (Barany, Robert) 06/22/1876 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary) - 04/08/1936 Sweden (Uppsala) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1876–1877 Austria ( Rechnitz // Austria-Hungary ); 1878–1899 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1900–1900 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1901–1901 Germany (Heidelberg); 1902–1913 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1914–1914 Poland (Przemysl // Austria-Hungary); 1915–1915 Turkmenistan (Mary // Russian Empire // Mary); 1916–1916 Russia (Kazan // Russian Empire); 1917–1936 Sweden (Uppsala) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1914 (Works on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus)

Barre-Sinoussi, Françoise (Françoise Barré-Sinoussi) 07/30/1947 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1947–2020 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008 (Discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus)

Barsotti, Lisa (Barsotti, Lisa) 1977 Italy (Pisa) physicist.
Geobiography: 1977–2006 Italy (Pisa); 2007–2050 USA (Boston) New Horizons Physics Award 2019 (for research on current and future ground-based gravitational wave detectors)

Barton, Derek (Barton, Derek) 09/08/1918 Great. (London) - 03/16/1998 USA (College Station // College Station // -96.2596,30.5841) chemist.
Geobiography: 1918–1943 Great. (London); 1944–1945 Great (Birmingham); 1946–1948 Great (London); 1949–1950 USA (Boston); 1951–1954 Great (London); 1955–1956 Great (Glasgow); 1957–1976 Great (London); 1977–1985 France (Paris); 1986–1998 US (College Station). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1969 (Contribution to the development of conformational analysis and its application in organic chemistry)

Basov, Nikolay Gennadiyevich (Basov Nikolay Gennadiyevich) 12/14/1922 Russia (Usman / Usman //USSR 39.733333,52.05) - 1.07.2001 Russia (Moscow); physicist.
Geobiography: 1922–1926 Russia (Usman); 1927–1940 Russia (Voronezh / Voronezh // 39.210556,51.671667); 1941–1943 Russia (Samara / Samara / USSR / 50.140833,53.202778); 1944–1945 Ukraine (Kyiv/USSR); 1946–1991 Russia (Moscow/USSR); 1992–2001 Russia (Moscow); - Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 (Works in the field of quantum electronics, which led to the creation of generators and amplifiers based on the principle of a maser-laser)

Bawend, Moungi 15.03.1961 France (Paris) chemist.
Geobiography: 1961–1970 France (Paris); 1971–1978 US (Lafayette); 1979–1981 USA (Boston); 1982–1995 USA (Chicago); 1996–2051 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023 (for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots)

Bayer, Adolf von 10/31/1835 Germany (Berlin // Prussia) - 08/20/1917 Germany (Munich) chemist. 1835–1856 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1857–1857 Germany (Heidelberg // Baden); 1858–1859 Belgium(Ghent); 1860–1870 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1871–1871 Germany (Berlin); 1872–1874 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1875–1917 Germany (Munich). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1905 (Synthesis of supplies of dyes, hydroaromatic compounds)

Beadle, George (Beadle, George) 10/22/1903 USA (Wahu) - 06/9/1989 USA (Pomona) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1903–1921 USA (Wahoo); 1922–1926 USA (Lincoln); 1927–1930 USA (Ithaca); 1931–1934 USA (Pasadena); 1935–1935 France (Paris); 1936–1936 USA (Boston); 1937–1946 USA (Stanford); 1947–1960 USA (Pasadena); 1961–1981 USA (Chicago); 1982–1989 US (Pomona) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 (Discovery of the regulation of biochemical reactions by genes)

Becquerel, Henri (Becquerel, Henri) 12/15/1852 France (Paris) - 08/25/1908 France (Le Croisic) physicist.
Geobiography: 1852-1907 France( Paris ); 1908–1908 France (Le Croisic). Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 (Discovery of natural radioactivity)

Bednorz, Johannes (Johannes Bednorz) 05/16/1950 Germany (Neuenkirchen // Neuenkirchen // 7.4235,52.2349) physicist.
Geobiography: 1950–1956 Germany ( Neuenkirchen / Germany ); 1957–1968 Germany (Emsdetten // Emsdetten // 7.5893,52.1668); 1968–1976 Germany (Munster); 1977–2020 Switzerland (Zurich) Nobel Prize in Physics 1987 (Discovery of new (high temperature) superconducting materials)

Behring, Emil von 03/15/1854 Poland (Ilawa // Prussia) - 03/31/1917 Germany (Marburg) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1854–1863 Poland (Ilawa // Prussia); 1864–1870 Poland (Olsztynek // Prussia); 1871–1872 Poland (Olsztynek // Germany); 1873–1873 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1874–1880 Germany (Berlin); 1881–1886 Poland (Poznan // Germany); 1887–1887 Germany (Bonn); 1 –1893 Germany (Berlin); 1894–1894 Germany (Halle); 1895–1917 Germany (Marburg) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901 (Discovery of the medicinal properties of blood serum and its use in the fight against diphtheria)

Beilinson, Alexander Alexandrovich (Beilinson, Alexander) 07/13/1957 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1957–1991 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1992–1997 Russia (Moscow); 1998–2020 USA (Chicago) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2018 for work that has made significant progress at the intersection of geometry and mathematical physics

Beisert, Niklas (Beisert, Niklas) 1977 Germany (Hamburg) physicist. Film Geobiography: 1977–1995 Germany (Hamburg); 1996–2001 Germany (Munich); 2002–2003 Germany (Potsdam); 2004–2004 Germany (Berlin); 2005–2005 USA (Princeton); 2006–2010 Germany (Potsdam); 2011–2050 Switzerland (Zurich). New Horizons Physics Prize 2013 (For the development of precise methods for describing gauge fields and their connection with string theory)

Bekesy, György von ( Békésy, Georg von ) 06/3/1899 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary) — 06/13/1972 USA (Honolulu) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1899–1903 Hungary (Budapest); 1904–1909 Germany (Munich); 1910–1912 Turkey (Istanbul // Istanbul // Ottoman Empire); 1913–1916 Switzerland (Zurich); 1917–1922 Switzerland (Bern); 1923–1924 Hungary (Budapest); 1925–1926 Germany (Berlin); 1927–1945 Hungary (Budapest); 1946–1946 Sweden (Stockholm); 1947–1965 USA (Boston); 1966–1972 US (Honolulu) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961 (Research on the functions of the inner ear)

Benabi, Alim Louis (Benabid, Alim Louis) 05/2/1942 France (Grenoble) medic.
Geobiography: 1942–1945 France (Grenoble); 1946–1955 Algiers (Algiers); 1956–1979 France (Grenoble); 1979–1980 USA (San Diego); 1981–2050 France (Grenoble) 2015 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery and pioneering research in the development of high-frequency deep brain stimulation, which has revolutionized the treatment of Parkinson's disease)

Benacerraf, Baruj (Benacerraf, Baruj) 10/29/1920 Venezuela (Caracas) - 08/2/2011 USA (Boston) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1920-1924 Venezuela (Caracas); 1925–1938 France (Paris); 1939–1939 Venezuela (Caracas); 1940–1941 USA (New York); 1942–1945 USA (Richmond); 1946–1947 France (Nancy); 1948–1949 USA (New York); 1950–1955 France (Paris); 1956–1967 USA (New York); 1968–1969 US (Bethesda); 1970–2011 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 (Discovery of genetically controlled structures on the surface of cells that regulate the body's immunological responses)

Bengio, Yoshua 03/5/1964 France (Paris) computer science.
Geobiography: 1964–1975 France (Paris); 1976–1990 Canada (Montreal); 1991–1991 USA (Boston); 1992–1992 US (Murray Hill); 1993–2020 Canada (Montreal). Turing Award in Computer Science 2018 (For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a cornerstone component in computing)

Bennett, Charles 7.04.1943 USA (New York) physicist.
Geobiography: 1943–1960 USA (New York); 1961–1964 US (Waltham); 1965–1970 US (Boston); 1971–1970 US (Chicago); 1972–2050 USA (New York) Fundamental Physics Prize 2023 (For fundamental work in the field of quantum information)

Berg, Paul (Berg, Paul) 06/30/1926 USA (New York)– 15.02.2023 USA (Stanford) chemist
Geobiography: 1926–1942 USA (New York); 1943–1947 USA (Philadelphia); 1948–1951 USA (Cleveland); 1952–1953 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1954–1958 USA (St. Louis); 1959–2023 USA (Stanford). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980 (Research on molecular hybridization of nucleic acids (recombinant DNA)

Berger, Marcel (Berger, Marcel) 04/14/1927 France (Paris) - 10/15/2016 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1927-1955 France (Paris); 1956–1956 USA (Boston); 1957–1961 France (Strasbourg); 1962–1963 USA (Berkeley); 1964–1965 France (Nice); 1966–2016 France (Paris) Organizer of the Arthur Besse group. Member of the French Academy of Sciences since November 29, 1982

Bergius, Friedrich 11.10.1884 Poland (Wroclaw //Germany) -31.03.1949 Argentina (Buenos Aires // Buenos Aires // -58.381944-34.599722 / ) chemist
Geobiography: 1884-1906 Poland (Breslau //Germany); 1907-1907 Germany (Leipzig); 1908-1908 Germany (Berlin); 1909-1913 Germany (Hanover); 1914-1919 Germany (Essen); 1920-1932 Germany ( Heidelberg ); 1933-1944 Germany (Berlin); 1945-1947 Austria (Bad Gastein // 13.016667,47.1 /); 1948-1948 Spain (Madrid); 1949-1949 Argentina (Buenos Aires /). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1931 (Creation and application of high pressure methods in chemistry)

Bernevig, Andrei 1978 Romania (Bucharsest) physicist.
Geobiography: 1978–1997 Romania (Bucharsest); 1998–2004 USA (Stanford); 2005–2017 US (Princeton); 2018–2050 Germany (Halle). New Horizons Physics Award 2016 (For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially the use of topology to understand new states of matter)

Bergström, Sune (Bergström, Sune) 01/10/1916 Sweden (Stockholm) - 08/15/2004 Sweden (Stockholm) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1916–1937 Sweden (Stockholm); 1938–1938 Great (London); 1939–1939 Sweden (Stockholm); 1940–1941 USA (New York); 1942–1945 Sweden (Stockholm); 1946–1946 Switzerland (Bern); 1947–1957 Sweden (Lund); 1958–2004 Sweden (Stockholm); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1982 (Discoveries in the field of prostaglandins and related biologically active substances)

Bethe, Hans 07/2/1906 France (Strasbourg // Germany) - 03/06/2005 USA (Ithaca) physicist.
Geobiography: 1906–1911 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1912–1914 Germany (Kiel); 1915–1915 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1916–1917 Germany (Bad Kreuznach); 1918–1921 Germany (Heppenheim); 1922–1925 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1926–1928 Germany (Munich); 1929–1929 Germany (Stuttgart); 1930–1930 Great (Cambridge); 1931–1931 Italy (Rome); 1932–1932 Germany (Tübingen); 1933–1933 Great (Manchester); 1934–1934 Great (Bristol); 1935–1942 USA (Ithaca); 1943–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–2005 USA (Ithaca) Nobel Prize in Physics 1967 (Contribution to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially for discoveries concerning the energy sources of stars)

Bhatt, Bhargav (Bhatt, Bhargav ) 12.09.1983 India (Delhi) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1983-2000 India ( Delhi ); 2001-2005 USA ( New York); 2006-2009 USA ( Princeton); 2010-2011 USA ( Ann Arbor ); 2012-2013 USA ( Princeton); 2014-2050 USA ( Ann Arbor). New Horizons of Mathematics Award 2021 (For outstanding work in the field of commutative algebra and arithmetic algebraic geometry, in particular, for the development of p-adic cohomology theories)

Binnig, Gerd (Gerd Binnig) 07/20/1947 Germany (Frankfurt am Main / Germany (fr.) physic.: Geobiography: 1947–1963 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1964–1965 Germany (Offenbach am -Main // Offenbach am Main // 8.8217,50.0937); 1966–1977 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1978–1984 Switzerland (Zurich); 1985–1987 USA (San Jose); 1988–2020 Germany (Munich ); Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 (Creation of the scanning tunneling microscope)

Birkar, Kausher ( Caucher Birkar ) 1.07.1978 Iran ( Merivan // Marivan // 46.1761,35.5188 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1978–1995 Iran (Merivan); 1996–2000 Iran (Tehran/Tehran/51.423056,35.696111); 2001–2003 Great (Nottingham); 2004–2020 Great (Cambridge). Fields Medal in Mathematics 2018

Birnstiel, Tilman 1985 Germany (Wurzburg) physicist
Geobiography: 1985–2005 Germany (Wurzburg); 2006–2006 USA (Albany); 2007–2010 Germany (Heidelberg); 2011–2012 Germany (Munich); 2013–2014 USA (Boston); 2015–2016 Germany (Heidelberg); 2017–2050 Germany (Munich) New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For the prediction, discovery and modeling of dust traps in young circumstellar disks, solving the long-standing problem of planet formation)

Bishop J. M. (Bishop John Michael) 02/22/1936 USA (York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1936–1954 USA (York); 1955–1957 USA (Gettysburg); 1958–1964 USA (Boston); 1965–1966 USA (Bethesde); 1967–1967 USA (Hamburg); 1968–2050 USA (San Francisco) Nobel Prize in Physiology for 1989. (Research on cellular mechanisms of oncogenesis).

Blackburn, Elizabeth (Elizabeth Blackburn) 11/26/1948 Australia (Hobart // Hobart // 147.3716,-42.8904) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1948–1951 Australia (Hobart); 1952–1963 Australia (Launceston // Launceston // 147.1928,-41.4519); 1964–1971 Australia (Melbourne); 1972–1974 Great (Cambridge); 1975–1977 USA (New Haven); 1978–1989 USA (Berkeley); 1990–1999 USA (San Francisco); 2000–2020 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009 (for the discovery of the mechanisms of protection of chromosomes by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase)

Blackett, Patrick 11/18/1897 Great. (London) - 07/13/1974 Great. (London) physicist.
Geobiography: 1897–1909 Great. (London); 1910–1911 Great (East Cowes); 1912–1913 Great. (Dartmouth); 1914–1918 Great (Scapa Flow); 1919–1923 Great (Cambridge); 1924–1925 Germany (Göttingen); 1926–1932 Great (Cambridge); 1933–1936 Great (London); 1937–1939 Great (Manchester); 1940–1944 Great (London); 1945–1952 Great (Manchester); 1953–1974 Great (London). Nobel Prize in Physics 1948 (Improvement of the cloud chamber method and discoveries made in connection with this in the field of nuclear physics and cosmic ray physics)

Blobel Günter (Blobel Günter) 05/21/1936 Poland (Negoslavice / Niegosławice geo: 15.713056,51.588056 // Germany) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1936–1945 Germany (Negoslavice); 1946–1954 Germany (Freiberg); 1955–1960 Germany (Tübingen); 1961–1967 USA (Madison); 1968–1985 USA (New York); 1986–2010 USA (Chevy Chase /-77.076111.38.989167//Chevy Chase); 2011–2050 USA (New York) 1999 Nobel Prize in Physiology

Bloch, Felix (Bloch, Felix) 05/23/1905 Switzerland (Zurich) - 09/10/1983 Switzerland (Zurich) physicist.
Geobiography: 1905–1927 Switzerland (Zurich); 1928–1933 Germany (Leipzig); 1934–1942 US (Stanford); 1943–1944 US (Los Alamos); 1945–1945 US (Boston); 1946–1953 US (Stanford); 1954–1955 Switzerland (Geneva); 1956–1970 US (Stanford); 1971–1983 Switzerland (Zurich) Nobel Prize in Physics 1952 (Development of new methods for accurately measuring the magnetic moments of atomic nuclei and related discoveries)

Bloembergen (Bloembergen, Nicolaas), Nicholas 03/11/1920 Netherlands (Dordrecht / Dordrecht) American physicist and Nobel Prize winner in 1981 Geobiography: 03/11/1920 - 12/31/1937 Netherlands (Dordrecht); 1.1.1938 - 31.12.1947 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1.1.1948 - 31.12.2000 USA (Boston); 1.1.2001 - 31.12.2020 USA (Tucson)

Borcherds, Richard ( Richard Borcherds ) 11/29/1959 South Africa ( Cape Town // SA ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1959–1959 South Africa (Cape Town // South Africa); 1960–1976 Great (Birmingham); 1977–1986 Great (Cambridge); 1987–1987 USA (Berkeley); 1988–1992 Great (Cambridge); 1993–1995 USA (Berkeley); 1996–1998 Great (Cambridge); 1999–2020 USA (Berkeley) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1998 (for contributions to algebra, the theory of automorphic forms and mathematical physics)

Bohr, Aage Niels 06/19/1922 Denmark (Copenhagen) - 09/8/2009 Denmark (Copenhagen) - physicist.
Geobiography: 1922–1942 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1943–1943 Great (London); 1944–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1948 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1949–1949 USA (Princeton); 1950–1950 USA (New York); 1951–2009 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physics 1975 (Development of the so-called generalized model of the atomic nucleus)

Bohr, Niels 11/7/1885 Denmark (Copenhagen) - 11/18/1962 Denmark (Copenhagen) physicist.
Geobiography: 1885–1910 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1911–1911 Great (Cambridge); 1912–1912 Great (Manchester); 1913–1942 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1943-1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1962 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physics 1922. Services in the field of studying the structure of the atom and the radiation emitted by it

Boyer, Paul (Boyer, Paul) 07/31/1918 USA (Provo) chemist.
Geobiography: 1918–1939 USA ( Provo ); 1940–1942 USA (Madison); 1943–1944 USA (Stanford); 1945–1946 USA (Saint Paul); 1947–1954 USA (Minneapolis); 1955–1955 Sweden (Stockholm); 1956–1962 USA (Minneapolis); 1963–2018 USA (Los Angeles); Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 (for elucidating the enzymatic mechanism for the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Bombieri, Enrico ( Enrico Bombieri ) 11/26/1940 Italy ( Milan ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1940-1962 Italy (Milan); 1963–1963 Great (Cambridge); 1964–1965 Italy (Cagliari); 1966–1976 Italy (Pisa); 1977–2020 USA (Princeton); Fields Medal in Mathematics 1974

Bordet, Jules (Bordet, Jules) 06/13/1870 Belgium (Soigny) - 04/6/1961 Belgium (Brussels) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1870–1886 Belgium ( Soigny ); 1887–1893 Belgium (Brussels); 1894–1900 France (Paris); 1901–1961 Belgium (Brussels). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1919 (Discoveries in the field of immunity)

Born, Max (Born, Max) 12/11/1882 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany) - 01/5/1970 Germany (Göttingen) physicist.
Geobiography: 1882–1901 Poland (Breslau //Germany); 1902–1902 Germany (Heidelberg); 1903–1903 Switzerland (Zurich); 1904–1905 Germany (Göttingen); 1907–1907 Great (Cambridge); 1908–1908 Poland (Wroclaw //Germany); 1909–1913 Germany (Göttingen); 1914–1918 Germany (Berlin); 1919–1920 Germany (Freiburg am Main); 1921–1924 Germany (Göttingen); 1925–1926 USA (Boston); 1927–1932 Germany (Göttingen); 1933–1934 Great (Cambridge); 1935–1935 India (Bangalore); 1936–1952 Great (Edinburgh); 1953–1970 Germany (Göttingen). Nobel Prize in Physics 1954 (for fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for the statistical interpretation of the wave function)

Bosch, Carl 08/27/1874 Germany ( Cologne ) - 04/26/1940 Germany ( Heidelberg ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1874–1893 Germany (Cologne); 1894–1895 Germany (Berlin); 1896–1898 Germany (Leipzig); 1899–1922 Germany (Ludwigshafen am Rhein); 1923–1940 Germany (Heidelberg); Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1931 (Creation and application of high pressure methods in chemistry)

Bothe, Walther ( Bothe, Walther ) 01/08/1891 Germany ( Oranienburg ) - 02/08/1957 Germany ( Heidelberg ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1891–1907 Germany (Oranienburg); 1908–1914 Germany (Berlin); 1915–1916 Russia (Chita // Russian Empire); 1917–1918 Russia (Chita/RSFSR); 1919–1920 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR); 1920–1928 Germany (Berlin); 1929–1931 Germany (Giessen); 1932–1957 Germany (Heidelberg) Nobel Prize in Physics 1954 (Development of a method for registering coincidences (the act of emitting a radiation quantum and an electron during scattering of an X-ray quantum on hydrogen)

Bott, Raoul (Bott, Raoul) 09/24/1923 Hungary (Budapest) - 12/20/2005 USA (San Diego) mathematician. Film Geobiography: 1923–1924 Hungary (Budapest); 1925–1937 Slovakia (Bratislava // Czechoslovakia); 1938–1938 Great (London); 1939–1944 Canada (Montreal); 1945–1948 USA (Pittsburgh); 1949–1950 USA (Princeton); 1951–1954 USA (Ann Arbor); 1955–1956 USA (Princeton); 1957–1958 USA (Ann Arbor); 1959–2004 USA (Boston); 2005–2005 USA (San Diego) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2000 for deep research in topology and differential geometry, and for their applications to Lie groups, differential operators, and in mathematical physics

Bovet, Daniele (Bovet, Daniel) 03/23/1907 Switzerland (Neuchatel) - 04/08/1992 Italy (Rome) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1907–1924 Switzerland (Neuchâtel); 1925–1928 Switzerland (Geneva); 1929–1946 France (Paris); 1947–1992 Italy (Rome). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957 (Synthesis and elucidation of the mechanism of action of pharmacological drugs, including nerve agents)

Bourgain, Jean (Jean Bourgain) 2/28/1954 Belgium (Ostende ) - 12/22/2018 Belgium (Bonheiden) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1954–1971 Belgium ( Ostend ); 1972–1976 Belgium (Brussels); 1977–1984 USA (Champaign); 1985–1993 France (Paris); 1994–2017 US (Princeton); Belgium ( Bonheiden // Bonheiden ). Fields Prize in Mathematics 1994 (for achievements in the geometry of Banach spaces, convexity in higher dimensions, harmonic analysis, ergodic theory, the theory of non-linear partial differential equations). Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2017 (for numerous researches, including work in the fields of analysis, combinatorics, partial differential equations, higher-dimensional geometry and number theory)

Bragg, William Henry 07/2/1862 Great. (Wigton) - 03/12/1942 Great. (London) physicist.
Geobiography: 1862–1869 Great. (Wigton); 1870–1874 Great. (Market Harborough); 1875–1881 Great. (Castletown); 1882–1884 Great (Cambridge); 1885–1900 Australia (Adelaide // South Australia (UK)); 1901–1907 Australia (Adelaide); 1908–1914 Great (Leeds); 1915–1942 Great (London). Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 (Investigation of the structure of crystals using X-rays)

Bragg, William Lawrence 03/31/1890 Australia (Adelaide // South Australia (Brit.)) - 07/1/1971 Great. (Ipswich) physicist.
Geobiography: 1890–1900 Australia (Adelaide// South Australia (Brit.)); 1901–1907 Australia (Adelaide); 1908–1908 Great (Leeds); 1909–1918 Great (Cambridge); 1919–1936 Great (Manchester); 1937–1937 Great (London); 1938–1953 Great (Cambridge); 1954–1966 Great (London); 1967–1971 Great (Ipswich). Nobel Prize in Physics 1915 (Investigation of the structure of crystals using X-rays)

Brattain, Walter (Brattain, Walter) 02/10/1902 China (Xiamen // Chinese Qing Empire) - 10/13/1987 USA (Seattle) physicist.
Geobiography: 1902–1902 China (Xiamen // Chinese Qing Empire); 1903–1910 US (Spokane); 1911–1914 US (Tonasket); 1915–1924 US (Walla Walla); 1925–1926 US (Eugene); 1927–1928 USA (Washington); 1929–1929 US (Minneapolis); 1930–1945 US (New York); 1946–1975 US (Murray Hill); 1976–1987 USA (Seattle) Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 (Research into semiconductors and discovery of the transistor effect)

Brangwynne, Clifford 1978 Ireland (Dublin) physician.
Geobiography: 1978–1995 Ireland (Dublin); 1996–2000 USA (Pittsburgh); 2001–2006 USA (Boston); 2007–2010 Germany (Munich); 2011–2050 USA (Princeton). 2023 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery of a fundamental mechanism of cellular organization mediated by the phase separation of proteins and RNA into membraneless liquid droplets)

Braun, Ferdinand (Braun, Ferdinand) 6/6/1850 Germany (Fulda // Hesse-Kassel) - 4/20/1918 USA (New York) physicist.
Geobiography: 1850–1865 Germany ( Fulda // Hesse-Kassel ); 1866–1867 Germany (Fulda // Prussia); 1868–1868 Germany (Marburg // Prussia); 1869–1870 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1869–1872 Germany (Berlin); 1873–1876 Germany (Leipzig); 1877–1879 Germany (Marburg); 1880–1882 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1883–1884 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1885–1894 Germany (Tübingen); 1895–1914 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1915–1918 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1909 (Works in the field of wireless telegraphy)

Brockhouse, Bertram07/15/1918 Canada (Lethbridge) - 10/13/2005 Canada (Hamilton) physicist.
Geobiography: 1918–1925 Canada (Lethbridge); 1926–1935 Canada (Vancouver); 1936–1937 Canada (Chicago); 1938–1947 Canada (Vancouver); 1948–1949 Canada (Toronto); 1950–1961 Canada (Choke River); 1962–2005 Canada (Hamilton). Nobel Prize in Physics 1994 (Technology for the study of materials by bombardment with neutron beams

Broglie, Louis de (Broglie, Louis de) 08/15/1892 France (Dieppe) - 03/19/1987 France (Paris) physicist.
Geobiography: 1892–1900 France (Dieppe); 1901–1987 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physics 1929 (Discovery of the wave nature of the electron)

Brendle, Simon 1.06.1981 Germany (Tübingen) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1981–2002 Germany (Tübingen); 2003–2004 USA (Princeton); 2005–2016 USA (Stanford); 2017–2050 USA (New York). Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2024 (For transformative contributions to differential geometry, including exact geometric inequalities, many results on Ricci flow and mean curvature flow, and Lawson's conjecture on minimal tori in the three-dimensional sphere)

Brenner, Sydney 1/13/1927 South Africa ( Germiston // Germiston // 28.2213,-26.2346 // Union of South Africa ); physiologist
Geobiography: 1927–1941 South Africa (Jermiston); 1942–1948 South Africa (Johannesburg // Union of South Africa); 1949–1951 Great (Oxford); 1952–1954 USA (Berkeley); 1955–1975 Great (Cambridge); 1976–1995 USA (San Diego); 1996–2018 USA (Berkeley) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002 (for the discovery of the mechanisms of genetic regulation of growth and development of organs and the mechanism of cell death)

Brooks, Frederick (Brooks, Frederick) 04/19/1931 USA (Durham) – 11/17/2022 USA (Chapel Hill) computer science
Geography: 1931–1952 USA (Durham); 1953–1955 USA (Boston); 1956–1963 US (New York); 1964–2022 US (Chapel Hill). Turing Award 1999 (For historically significant contributions to computer architecture, operating systems, and software engineering)

Brown, Aaron 1981 USA (Oberlin) mathematics.
Geobiography: 1998–2003 USA (Oberlin); 2004–2010 USA (Medford); 2011–2013 USA (Philadelphia); 2014–2018 USA (Chicago); 2019–2050 USA (Evanston). New Horizons in Mathematics Award (for contributions to the proof of the Zimmer conjecture)

Brus, Louis 10.08.1943 (Cleveland) chemist.
Geobiography: 1943–1949 USA (Cleveland); 1950–1960 US (Roland Park, Kansas); 1961–1964 US (Houston); 1965–1968 US (New York); 1969–1972 USA (Washington DC); 1973–1995 US (Murray Hill); 1996–1995 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023 (for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots)

Buchner, Eduard (Buchner, Eduard) 05/20/1860 Germany (Munich // Bavaria) - 08/13/1917 Germany (Munich) chemist.
Geobiography: 1860–1870 Germany (Munich // Bavaria); 1871–1892 Germany (Munich); 1893–1895 Germany (Kiel); 1896–1897 Germany (Tübingen); 1898–1897 Germany (Berlin); 1909–1916 Germany (Würzburg); 1917–1917 Romania (Focsani) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1907 (Discovery of alcoholic fermentation in yeast extracts, which proved the possibility of enzymatic reactions without the participation of intact cells)

Burnet, Macfarlane (Burnet, Macfarlane) 09/3/1899 Australia (Traralgon // Victoria (British)) - 08/31/1985 Australia (Melbourne) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1899–1900 Australia ( Traralgon // Victoria (Brit.) ); 1901–1908 Australia (Traralgon); 1909–1912 Australia (Terang); 1913–1917 Australia (Geelong); 1918–1925 Australia (Melbourne); 1926–1927 Great (London); 1928–1931 Australia (Melbourne); 1932–1933 Great (London); 1934–1985 Australia (Melbourne) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 (Discovery of the phenomenon of acquired immunological tolerance)

Brassard, Gilles 20.04.1955 Canada (Montreal)
Geobiography: 1955–1977 Canada (Montreal); 1978–1979 US (New York); 1980–2050 Canada (Montreal). Fundamental Physics Prize 2023 (For fundamental work in the field of quantum information)

Butenandt, Adolf ( Butenandt, Adolf ) 03/24/1903 Germany ( Bremerhaven ) - 01/18/1995 Germany ( Munich ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1903–1920 Germany (Bremerhaven); 1921–1923 Germany (Marburg); 1924–1932 Germany (Göttingen); 1933–1934 Poland (Gdansk // Germany //); 1935–1935 USA (Boston); 1936–1943 Germany (Berlin); 1944–1955 Germany (Tübingen); 1956–1995 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939 (Works on sex hormones)

Caffarelli, Luis (Caffarelli, Luis ) 8.12.1948 Argentina ( Buenos Aires ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1948-1972 Argentina ( Buenos Aires ); 1973-1979 USA ( Minneapolis); 1980-1982 USA (New York); 1983-1985 USA ( Chicago ); 1986-1996 USA (Princeton); 1997-2020 USA ( Austin). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2012 for work in relation to partial differential equations

Campbell, William (Campbell, William) 06/28/1930 Ireland ( Ramelton ) physiologist
Geobiography: 1930-1947 Ireland (Ramelton); 1948-1952 Ireland (Dublin); 1953-1956 USA ( Madison); 1957-1989 USA (Kenilworth); 1990-2018 USA (Madison). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015 (For discoveries concerning a new therapy against infections caused by ascaris parasites)

Card, David (Card, David) 1956 Canada (Guelph) economist.
Geobiography: 1956–1973 Canada (Guelph); 1974–1977 Canada (Kingston); 1978–1981 USA (Princeton); 1982–1982 USA (Chicago); 1983–1996 USA (Princeton); 1997–2050 USA (Berkeley) Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for empirical contributions to the study of labor economics)

Cardy, John 19.03.1947 Gr. Britain (London) physicist
Geobiography: 1947-1964 Gr. Britain (London); 1965-1976 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 1977-1992 Gr. Britain (Oxford); 1993-2014 USA (Santa Barbara); 2015-2050 USA (Berkeley). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For profound contributions to statistical physics and quantum field theory with diverse and far-reaching applications in various fields of physics and mathematics)

Carleson, Lennart 03/18/1928 Sweden (Stockholm) mathematician
Geobiography: 1928–1934 Sweden (Stockholm); 1935–1944 Sweden (Karlstad // Karlstad // 13.5606,59.3783); 1945–1949 Sweden (Uppsala); 1950–1950 USA (Boston); 1951–1953 Sweden (Uppsala); 1954–1954 Sweden (Stockholm); 1955–1992 Sweden (Uppsala); 1993–2018 Sweden (Stockholm) Abel Prize in Mathematics 2006 (For deep and fundamental contributions to harmonic analysis and the theory of smooth dynamical systems)

Carrel, Alexis ( Carrel, Alexis ) 06/28/1873 France (Lyon) - 11/5/1944 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1873–1902 France (Lyon); 1903–1903 Canada (Montreal); 1904–1905 USA (Chicago); 1906–1913 USA (New York); 1914–1918 France (Paris); 1919–1938 USA (New York); 1939–1944 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1912 (Works on vascular suture and transplantation of organs and blood vessels)

Calderón, Alberto 09/14/1920 Argentina ( Mendoza ) - 04/16/1998 USA ( Chicago ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1920-1931 Argentina ( Mendoza ); 1932-1933 Switzerland ( Zurich ); 1934-1941 Argentina ( Mendoza); 1942-1948 Argentina ( Buenos Aires); 1949-1949 USA ( Chicago ); 1950-1953 USA ( Columbus ); 1954-1954 USA ( Princeton ); 1955-1958 USA ( Boston); 1959-1971 USA ( Chicago); 1972-1974 USA ( Boston ); 1975-1998 USA ( Chicago). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1989 for pioneering work on singular integral operators and their application to important problems in the field of partial differential equations

Capecchi, Mario ( Capecchi, Mario ) 10/6/1937 Italy ( Verona // Verona /) physiologist
Geobiography: 1937–1945 Italy ( Verona ); 1946–1955 USA (Philadelphia); 1956–1960 USA (Yellow Springs // Yellow Springs //); 1961–1972 USA (Boston); 1973–2020 USA (Logan // Logan //). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007 (Development of principles for the use of embryonic stem cells to breed genetically modified mice)

Caraiani, Ana 1985 Romania (Bucharest) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1985–2002 Romania (Bucharest); 2003–2006 USA (Princeton); 2007–2011 USA (Boston); 2012–2012 USA (Chicago); 2013–2015 USA (Princeton); 2016–2016 Germany (Bonn); 2017–2021 Gr. Britain (London); 2022–2050 Germany (Bonn). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2023 (For his varied transformative contributions to the Langlands program, in particular his work with Peter Scholze on the Hodge-Tate period map for Shimura varieties and its applications)

Karlsson, Arvid (Carlsson, Arvid) 01/25/1923 Sweden (Uppsala) - 06/29/2018 Sweden (Gothenburg) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1923–1940 Sweden (Uppsala); 1941–1958 Sweden (Lund); 1959–2018 Sweden (Gothenburg) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 (for the discovery of the role of proteins in the signaling mechanisms of the nervous system, which is important for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc.)

Cartan, Elie ( Cartan, Élie ) 04/08/1869 France ( Dolomieu ) - 05/06/1951 France ( Paris ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1869–1879 France ( Dolomieu ); 1880–1884 France (Vienne); 1885–1887 France (Grenoble); 1 –1894 France (Paris); 1895–1895 France (Montpellier); 1896–1900 France (Lyon); 1901–1902 France (Paris); 1903–1908 France (Nancy); 1909–1951 France (Paris) Poncelet Prize 1920

Cartan, Henri 07/08/1904 France (Nancy) - 08/13/2008 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1904-1908 France (Nancy); 1927–1927 France (Caen // Caen // -0.3694,49.1767); 1928–1928 France (Caen); 1929–1930 France (Lille); 1931–1939 France (Strasbourg); 1940–1945 France (Paris); 1946–1947 France (Strasbourg); 1948–2008 France (Paris) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1980 for pioneering work in algebraic topology, the theory of functions of several complex variables, homological algebra, and inspirational leadership of an entire generation of mathematicians

Casini, Horacio (Casini, Horacio) 1970 Argentina (Buenos Aires) physicist. Geobiography: 1970-1995 Argentina ( Buenos Aires); 1996-2013 Argentina (Bariloche); 2014-2014 USA (Princeton); 2015-2050 Argentina (Bariloche). New Horizons of Physics Award 2015 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity)

Chadwick, James 10/20/1891 Great. ( Bollington ) - 07/24/1974 Great. (Cambridge) physicist.
Geobiography: 1891–1901 Great. (Bollington); 1902–1912 Great (Manchester); 1913–1918 Germany (Berlin); 1919–1919 Great (Manchester); 1920–1934 Great (Cambridge); 1935–1942 Great (Liverpool); 1943–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1947 Great (Liverpool); 1948–1958 Great (Cambridge); 1959–1968 Great (Liverpool); 1969–1974 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physics 1935 (Discovery of the neutron)

Chain, Ernst (Chain, Ernst) 19.06.1906 Germany (Berlin) — 12.08.1979 Ireland (Castlebar // Castlebar // -9.2988,53.8608 ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1906-1932 Germany (Berlin ); 1933-1934 Great. (Cambridge ); 1935-1947 Great. ( Oxford ); 1948-1963 Italy ( Rome ); 1964-1973 Great. ( London ); 1974-1979 Ireland ( Castlebar ). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 (Discovery of penicillin and its therapeutic effect in infectious diseases)

Chandrasekhar, Subrahmanyan (Chandrasekhar, Subrahmanyan) 10/19/1910 Pakistan (Lahore // British India) - 08/21/1995 USA (Chicago) physicist.
Geobiography: 1910–1921 Pakistan (Lahore // British India); 1922–1929 India (Chennai // British India); 1930–1931 Great (Cambridge); 1932–1932 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1933–1937 Great (Cambridge); 1938–1995 USA (Chicago) Nobel Prize in Physics 1983 (Works on the structure and evolution of stars)

Charpak, Georges (Charpak, Georges) 08/1/1924 Ukraine (Dubrovitsa, Rivne region // Poland) — 09/29/2010 France (Paris) physicist
Geobiography: 1924–1926 Ukraine (Dubrovitsa, Rovno region // Poland) ; 1927–1930 Israel (Haifa // Palestine); 1931–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1943 France (Vichy); 1944–1944 Germany (Dachau); 1945–1945 France (Montpellier); 1946–1958 France (Paris); 1959–1979 Switzerland (Geneva); 1980–2010 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physics 1992 (Contribution to the development of particle detectors)

Charpentier, Emmanuelle 12/11/1968 France (Paris) chemist. Film Geobiography: 1968–1995 France (Paris); 1996–2001 USA (New York); 2002–2008 Austria (Vienna); 2009–2012 Sweden (Umeå); 2013–2014 Germany (Hannover); 2015–2030 Germany (Munich). 2015 Medical Breakthrough Award (for turning an ancient bacterial immunity mechanism (CRISPR/Cas9) into a viable technology for genome modification with broad implications for all of biology and medicine. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 (Creating a method for editing genomes)

Chauvin, Yves ( Chauvin, Yves ) 10/10/1930 ***B*** ( Menen // Menen // 3.1766,50.7829 ) — 01/28/2015 France ( Tour // Tours // 0.7438,47.3802 ) chemist
Geobiography : 1930–1938 Belgium (Menin); 1939–1948 France (Tours); 1949–1959 France (Lyon); 1960–2000 France (Paris); 2001–2015 France (Tours). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 (For the discovery of the mechanism of the occurrence of certain reactions of metathesis (a cycle of chemical reactions as close as possible to natura

Chen-Ning Yang 10/1/1922 China (Hefei) physicist.
Geobiography: 1922–1928 China (Hefei); 1929–1938 China (Beijing); 1939–1944 China (Kunming); 1945–1948 USA (Chicago); 1949–1964 USA (Princeton); 1965–1998 US (Stony Brook); 1999 China (Beijing); - Nobel Prize in Physics 1957 (Research on the so-called conservation laws (discovery of parity nonconservation in weak interactions), which led to important discoveries in elementary particle physics)

Chenyang Xu 1981 China (Chongqing) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1981–1998 China (Chongqing); 1999–2003 China (Beijing); 2004–2007 USA (Princeton); 2009–2010 USA (Boston); 2011–2011 US (Salt Lake City); 2012–2017 China (Beijing); 2018–2018 USA (Boston); 2019–2020 US (Princeton). New Horizons of Mathematics Award 2019 (for significant advances in the program of minimal models and applications to modules of algebraic varieties)

Chen Zhijian (Chen Zhijian ) 01.01.1966 China (Anxi // Anxi ) medic. Geobiography: 1966-1981 China (Anxi ); 1982-1985 China (Fuzhou ); 1986-1991 USA ( Buffalo ); 1992-1992 USA (San Diego ); 1993-1993 USA (Irvine, California ); 1994-1996 USA (Boston ); 1997-2050 USA ( Dallas). Medical Breakthrough Award 2019 (for finding out how DNA causes immune and autoimmune reactions from inside the cell, by discovering the DNA-sensitive enzyme cGAS)

Cherenkov, Pavel Alekseevich (Cherenkov, Pavel) 07/28/1904 Russia (Novaya Chigla // Novaya Chigla // Russian Empire) — 01/6/1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1904–1916 Russia (New Chigla // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (Novaya Chigla // RSFSR); 1922–1922 Russia (Novaya Chigla // USSR); 1923–1927 Russia (Voronezh // USSR); 1928–1929 Russia (Michurinsk // USSR); 1930–1934 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1935–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Nobel Prize in Physics 1958 (Discovery and creation of the theory of the Cherenkov effect)

Chern Shiing-Shen ( Shiing-Shen Chern ) 10/26/1911 China ( Jiaxing // Chinese Qing Empire // Jiaxing // ) - 3.12.2004 China ( Tianjin ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1911–1911 China (Jiaxing // Chinese Qing Empire); 1912–1921 China (Jiaxing // Republic of China); 1922–1930 China (Tianjin // Republic of China // Tianjin // 117.183333,39.133333); 1931–1931 China (Beijing // Republic of China); 1932–1935 Germany (Hamburg); 1936–1937 France (Paris); 1938–1942 China (Beijing // Republic of China); 1943–1948 USA (Princeton); 1949–1959 USA (Chicago); 1960–1983 USA (Berkeley); 1984–2004 China (Tianjin) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1983 for outstanding contributions to global differential geometry that had a profound impact on all of mathematics

Ciechanover, Aaron ( Aaron Ciechanover ) 10/1/1947 Israel ( Haifa // Palestine (brit.) ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1947–1947 Israel (Haifa // Palestine (brit.)); 1948–1963 Israel (Haifa); 1964–1975 Israel (Jerusalem); 1976–1980 Israel (Haifa); 1981–1983 USA (Boston); 1984–2020 Israel (Haifa) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 (for his research into the cyclic regulation of protein levels in the cell - "ubiquitin-mediated protein breakdown")

Clarke, Edmund (Edmund Clarke, Jr.) 07.27.1945 USA (Newport News // Newport News // -76.484444,37.070833) – 12.22.2020 USA (Pittsburgh) computer science.
Geobiography: 1945–1962 USA (Newport News); 1963–1966 US (Charlottesville); 1967–1967 US (Durham); 1968–1975 US (New York); 1976–1977 US (Durham); 1978–1981 USA (Boston); 1982–2020 USA (Pittsburgh). Turing Award in Computer Science 2007 (For their role in the development of model checking, a highly effective program verification technique widely used in both software and hardware development)

Claude, Albert (Claude, Albert) 08/23/1899 ***B*** (Nechateau) - 05/22/1983 Belgium (Brussels) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1899–1920 Belgium (Nechateau); 1921–1927 Belgium (Liège); 1928–1928 Germany (Berlin); 1929–1948 USA (New York); 1949–1983 Belgium (Brussels). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974 (Study of the structural and functional organization of the cell)

Clevers, Hans 03/27/1957 Netherlands (Eindhoven) medic.
Geobiography: 1957–1974 Netherlands (Eindhoven); 1975–1985 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1986–1989 USA (Boston); 1990–2050 Netherlands (Utrecht) 2013 Medical Breakthrough Award (for discovering the mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway)

Cockcroft, John 03/27/1897 Great. (Manchester) - 09/18/1967 Great. (Cambridge). physicist.
Geobiography: 1897–1923 Great. (Manchester); 1924–1938 Great. (Cambridge); 1939–1943 Great. (London); 1944–1945 Canada (Deep River); 1946–1953 Great. (Oxford); 1954–1958 Great. (London); 1959–1967 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physics 1951 (Studies of transformations of atomic nuclei using artificially accelerated particles)

Codd, Edgar (Codd,Edgar Frank) 08/23/1923 Great (Forthunesell)— 04/18/2003 USA (Aventura) mathematician
Geobiography: 1923–1939 Great (Forthunesell); 1940–1947 (Oxford); 1948–1951 USA (New York); 1953–1962 Canada (Ottawa); 1963-1964 USA (Ann Arbora); 1965-1992 USA (San Jose); 1993-2003 USA (Aventura). Turing Award 1981 (For his fundamental and lasting contributions to the theory and practice of database management systems, especially of the relational type)

Compton, Arthur (Compton, Arthur) 09/10/1892 USA (Worcester) - 03/15/1962 USA (Berkeley) physicist.
Geobiography: 1892–1912 USA (Worcester); 1913–1915 US (Princeton); 1917–1917 US (Minneapolis); 1918–1918 US (Pittsburgh); 1919–1919 Velik (Cambridge); 1920–1922 US (St. Louis); 1923–1945 USA (Chicago); 1946–1960 US (St. Louis); 1961–1962 USA (Berkeley). Nobel Prize in Physics 1927 (Discovery of changes in the wavelength of X-rays, scattering by free electrons (Compton effect)

Cohen, Stanley (Cohen, Stanley) 11/7/1922 USA (New York) - 02/5/2020 USA (Nashville/Tennessee/) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1922–1942 USA (New York); 1943–1945 USA (Oberlin // Oberlin // -82.216667,41.288333); 1946–1948 USA (Ann Arbor); 1949–1951 USA (Denver); 1952–1958 USA (St. Louis); 1959–2020 USA (Nashville). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986 (Discovery and research of growth factors for cells and organs)

Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude (Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude) 1.04.1933 Algeria (fr.) ( Constantina // Constantine // 6.6,36.35 ) physicist
Geobiography: 1933–1952 Algeria (fr.) ( Constantina ); 1953–1957 France (Paris); 1958–1959 Algeria (fr.) (Algiers // Algiers // 3.05 9,36.753889); 1960–2018 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 (for the development of methods for cooling and capturing atoms using laser radiation)

Cook, Stephen (Stephen Cook) 12/14/1939 USA (Buffalo) computer science.
Geobiography: 1939–1956 USA (Buffalo); 1957–1961 USA (Ann Arbor); 1962–1966 USA (Boston); 1967–1969 USA (Berkeley); 1970–2020 Canada (Toronto) Turing Award 1982 (For the significant progress he made in understanding the complexity of computation. His work laid the foundation for the theory of NP-completeness. The study of the properties and boundaries of this class has become one of the most important areas of the theory of computing systems over the past ten years)

Conn, Alain ( Alain Connes ) 1.04.1947 France ( Draguignan) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1947–1965 France (Draguignan); 1966–1974 France (Paris); 1975–1975 Canada (Kingston); 1976–2020 France (Paris) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1982 (for his work on von Neumann algebras). Member of the group "Nicolas Bourbaki"

Cori, Gerty (08/15/1896 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary) - 10/26/1957 USA (St. Louis) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1896–1918 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1919 Czech Republic (Prague // Czechoslovakia); 1920–1921 Austria (Vienna); 1922–1930 US (Buffalo); 1931–1957 USA (St. Louis) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 (Discovery of ways for the enzymatic transformation of glycogen in the body). K. Corey's wife

Cori, Carl 12/5/1896 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary) - 10/20/1984 USA (Boston) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1896–1918 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1919 Czech Republic (Prague // Czechoslovakia); 1920–1921 Austria (Vienna); 1922–1930 US (Buffalo); 1931–1965 US (St. Louis); 1966–1984 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 (Discovery of ways for the enzymatic transformation of glycogen in the body). G. Corey's husband

Cornforth, John (Cornforth, John) 09/07/1917 Australia (Sydney) - 12/8/2013 Great. (Brighton) chemist.
Geobiography: 1917–1923 Australia (Sydney); 1924–1928 Australia ( Armidale // Armidale // 151.7214,-30.517 ); 1929–1938 Australia (Sydney); 1939–1945 Great (Oxford); 1946–1974 Great (London); 1975–2013 Great (Brighton) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1975 (Works to elucidate the pathways of cholesterol biosynthesis)

Corsi, Alessandra 1981 Italy (Rome) physicist.
Geobiography: 1981–2008 Italy (Rome); 2009–2010 USA (Philadelphia); 2010–2011 USA (Pasadena); 2012–2013 USA (Washington DC); 2014–2050 United States (Lubbock, Texas) 2022 New Horizons in Physics Award (For leadership in laying the foundations for electromagnetic observations of gravitational wave sources and leadership in extracting rich information from the first observed collision of two neutron stars)

Cournand, André 09/24/1895 France (Paris) - 02/19/1988 USA (Great Barrington) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1895–1929 France (Paris); 1930–1987 USA (New York); 1988–1988 USA (Great Barrington). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956 (Method of cardiac catheterization)

Krausz, Ferenc 17.05.1962 Hungary (More) physicist.
Geobiography: 1962–1979 Hungary (Mor); 1980–1985 Hungary (Budapest); 1986–2002 Austria (Vienna); 2003–2003 Germany (Garching); 2004–2050 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 (for experimental methods generating attosecond pulses of light to study the dynamics of electrons in matter)

Coase, Ronald (Coase, Ronald) 12/29/1910 Great. (London) — 9/2/2013 USA (Chicago) economist.
Geobiography: 1910–1931 Great. (London); 1932–1933 Great. (Dundee); 1934–1934 Great. (Liverpool); 1935–1950 Great. (London); 1951–1957 USA (Buffalo); 1958–1963 USA (Charlottesville); 1964–2013 USA (Chicago). Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 1991 (For their discovery and illustration of the importance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structures and functioning of economies)

Crowfoot Hodgkin, Dorothy (12/05/1910 Egypt (Cairo // Ottoman Empire) — 29/07/1994 Great. (Ilmington) chemist.
Geobiography: 1910–1913 Egypt (Cairo // Ottoman Empire); 1914–1917 Great. (Brighton); 1918–1920 Great. (Lincoln); 1921–1927 Great. (Beckles); 1928–1931 Great. (Oxford); 1932–1933 Great. (Cambridge); 1934–1982 Great. (Oxford); 1983–1994 Great. (Ilmington). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1964 (Establishing the structure of biologically active substances (vitamin B12 and others) by X-ray structural analysis)

Cronin, James 09/29/1931 USA (Chicago) - 08/25/2016 USA (Saint Paul); physicist
Geobiography: 1931–1938 USA (Chicago); 1939–1950 USA (Dallas); 1951–1955 USA (Chicago); 1956–1957 USA (New York); 1958–1963 USA (Princeton); 1964–1964 France (Paris); 1965–1970 USA (Princeton); 1971–2015 USA (Chicago); 2016–2016 USA (Saint Paul). Nobel Prize in Physics 1980 (Discovery of violation of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons)

Crutzen, Paul 3.12.1933 Netherlands (Amsterdam) chemist
Geobiography: 1933–1957 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1958–1958 Sweden (Gävle // Gävle // 17.166667,60.683333); 1959–1968 Sweden (Stockholm); 1969–1970 Great (Oxford); 1971–1973 Sweden (Stockholm); 1974–1979 US (Boulder); 1980–1999 Germany (Mainz); 2000–2018 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 (for his research in atmospheric chemistry, ozone formation and decomposition)

Curie, Pierre (Curie, Pierre) 05/15/1859 France (Paris) - 04/19/1906 France (Paris) physicist.
Geobiography: 1859–1906 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 (Study of the phenomenon of radioactivity discovered by A. A. Becquerel)

Curl, Robert (Curl, Robert) 08/23/1933 USA (Alice // Alice // -98.0107,27.7469) – 07/3/2022 USA (Houston) chemist
Geobiography: 1933–1940 USA (Alice); 1941–1950 USA (San Antonio // San Antonio // -98.5,29.416667); 1951–1953 US (Houston); 1954–1956 US (Berkeley); 1957–1965 US (Boston); 1966–2022 USA (Houston). Nobel Prize in Physics 1996 (For the discovery of a new class of organic compounds - fullerenes)

Dahl, Ole-Johan ( Dahl, Ole-Johan ) 10/12/1931 Norway ( Mandal // Mandal // 7.4576,58.0291 ) - 06/29/2002 Norway ( Oslo ) computer science
Geobiography: 1931–1937 Norway ( Mandal ); 1938–1943 Norway (Drammen // Drammen // 10.205,59.737778); 1944–1945 Sweden (Stockholm); 1946–2002 Norway (Oslo) Turing Award 2001 (For ideas fundamental to the development of object-oriented programming that arose during the development of the programming languages ​​Simula I and Simula 67)

Doisy, Edward (Doisy, Edward) 11/3/1893 USA (Hume // Hume // -87.868611,39.796667) - 10/23/1986 USA (St. Louis) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1893–1903 USA (Hulme); 1904–1913 USA (Champaign); 1914–1918 US (Boston); 1919–1986 USA (St. Louis) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943 (Discovery of vitamin K1 and establishment of its chemical nature)

Dale, Henry (Dale, Henry) 06/9/1875 Great. (London) - 07/23/1968 (Cambridge) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1875–1881 Great. (London); 1882–1902 Great. (Cambridge); 1903–1960 Great. (London); 1961–1968 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 (Studies on the chemical nature of nerve impulse transmission)

Dalén, Gustaf 11/30/1869 Sweden (Stenstorp) - 12/9/1937 Sweden (Stockholm) physicist.
Geobiography: 1869–1891 Sweden (Stenstorp); 1892–1896 Sweden (Gothenburg); 1897–1897 Switzerland (Zurich); 1898–1900 Sweden (Gothenburg); 1901–1937 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Physics 1912 (Invention of a device for automatically lighting and extinguishing lighthouses and luminous buoys)

Dam, Henrik (Dam, Henrik) 02/21/1895 Denmark (Copenhagen) - 04/17/1976 Denmark (Copenhagen) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1895–1924 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1925–1927 Austria (Graz); 1928–1940 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1941–1945 USA (Rochester); 1946–1976 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943 (Discovery of vitamin K1 and determination of its chemical nature)

Daskalakis, Constantinos (Constantinos Daskalakis ) 29.04.1981 Greece (Athens ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1981-2003 Greece ( Athens); 2004-2005 USA ( Berkeley ); 2006-2020 USA ( Boston). Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 2018

Davisson, Clinton 10/22/1881 USA (Bloomington) - 01/1/1958 USA (Charlottesville) physicist.
Geobiography: 1881–1901 USA (Bloomington); 1902–1902 USA (Chicago); 1903–1903 US (Bloomington); 1904–1904 US (Chicago); 1905–1910 US (Princeton); 1911–1916 US (Pittsburgh); 1917–1946 US (New York); 1947–1958 USA (Charlottesville). Nobel Prize in Physics 1937 (Experimental discovery of electron diffraction in crystals)

Daubechies, Ingrid 17.08.1954 Belgium (Houthalen-Helchteren) mathematics.
Geobiography: 1954–1971 Belgium (Houthalen-Helchteren); 1972–1986 Belgium (Brussels); 1987–1993 US (Murray Hill); 1994–2010 USA (Princeton); 2011–2050 USA (Durham). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2023 (for work in wavelet theory and applied harmonic analysis)

Debreu, Gerard (Debreu, Gerard) 07/04/1921 France (Calais // Calais) - 12/31/2004 France (Paris) economist.
Geobiography: 1921–1937 France (Calais); 1938–1939 France (Amber // Ambert // 3.7425,45.5503); 1940–1940 France (Grenoble // French State (Vichy regime); 1941–1944 France (Paris // France (German occupation zone); 1945–1947 France (Paris); 1948–1954 USA (Chicago); 1955–1959 USA (New Haven) 1960-1961 USA (Stanford) 1962-2003 USA (Berkeley) 2004-2004 France (Paris) 1983 Nobel Prize in Economics (For contributions to our understanding of general equilibrium theory and the conditions under which the general equilibrium exists in some abstract economy)/a>

Debye Peter Joseph Wilhelm -1905 Germany (Munich); 1906-1910 Germany (Munich); 1911-1911 Switzerland (Zurich); 1912-1913 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1914-1919 Germany (Göttingen); 1920-1926 Switzerland (Zurich); 1927-1934 Germany (Leipzig), 1935-1939 Germany (Berlin), 1940-1926 USA (Ithaca) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936. Studies of the structure of molecules (dipole moments) and the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases

Dehmelt, Hans Georg (Dehmelt, Hans Georg) 11/9/1922 Germany (Goerlitz) - 03/7/2017 USA (Seattle) physicist.
Geobiography: 1922– 1931 Germany ( Görlitz ); 1932–1942 Germany (Berlin); 1943– 1943 Poland (Wroclaw/Germany); 1944– 1945 Belgium (Liège); 1946–1950 Germany (Göttingen); 1951– 1951 USA (Durham) 1952– 2017 USA (Seattle) Nobel Prize in Physics 1989 (Development of the method of confining a single ion in a trap and precision high-resolution spectroscopy)

Deisenhofer, Johann ( Johann Deisenhofer ) 09/30/1943 Germany ( Zusamaltheim // Zusamaltheim // 10.6883,48.5268 ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1943–1955 Germany (Zusamaltheim); 1956–1956 Germany (Donauwörth // Donauwörth // 10.8548,48.6936); 1957–1958 Germany (Wertingen // Wertingen // 10.7216,48.5267); 1959–1964 Germany (Augsburg); 1965–1987 Germany (Munich); 1988–2020 USA (Dallas) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 (Determination of the three-dimensional structure of the photosynthetic reaction center in purple bacteria)

Delaunay, Boris Nikolaevich ( Boris Delaunay ) 03/3/1890 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire) - 07/17/1980 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1890–1899 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1900–1916 Ukraine (Kyiv // Russian Empire); 1917–1917 Ukraine (Kyiv // RSFSR); 1918–1919 Ukraine (Kyiv // Ukrainian People's Republic); 1920–1921 Ukraine (Kyiv // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1934 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1935–1980 Russia (Moscow // USSR). N. I. Lobachevsky Prize 1977

Delbrück, Max (Delbrück, Max) 09/04/1906 Germany (Berlin) - 03/09/1981 USA (Pasadena) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1906–1927 Germany (Berlin); 1928–1929 Germany (Göttingen); 1930–1930 Great (Bristol); 1931–1931 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1932–1936 Germany (Berlin); 1937–1939 USA (Pasadena); 1940–1946 USA (Nashville); 1947–1981 USA (Pasadena) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 (Research in the field of viral reproduction and genetics of viruses and bacteria)

Deligne, Pierre (Pierre René, vicomte Deligne) 10/3/1944 Belgium(Brussels) mathematician
Geobiography: 1944–1966 Belgium (Brussels); 1967–1969 France (Paris); 1970-2020 USA (Princeton); 1978 - Fields Medal. 2008 - Wolf Prize in Mathematics (for works on mixed Hodge theory, Weyl hypotheses, Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and for contributions to arithmetic). 2013 - Abel Prize (for revolutionary contributions to algebraic geometry that transformed representation theory, number theory and many related fields)

Della Negra, Michel (Della Negra, Michel) 1942 France (Paris) physicist
Geobiography: 1942–1969 France (Paris); 1970–1972 US (Palo Alto); 1973–2050 Switzerland (Geneva). Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for a leading role in a scientific project that led to the discovery of a particle similar to the Higgs boson)

Dennis Lo, Yuk-ming (Dennis Lo, Yuk-ming) 10/12/1963 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (brit.)) medic.
Geobiography: 1963–1982 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (brit.)); 1983–1989 Great (Cambridge); 1990–1996 Great (Oxford); 1997–2050 China (Hong Kong) 2021 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery that fetal DNA is present in maternal blood and can be used for prenatal testing for trisomy 21 and other genetic disorders)

Deutsch, David 18.05.1953 Israel (Haifa)
Geobiography: 1953–1960 Israel (Haifa); 1961–1970 Gr. Britain (London); 1971–1975 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 1976–2050 Gr. Britain (Oxford). Fundamental Physics Prize 2023 (For fundamental work in the field of quantum information)

Diels, Otto (Diels, Otto) 01/23/1876 Germany (Hamburg) - 03/7/1954 Germany (Kiel) chemist.
Geobiography: 1876–1878 Germany (Hamburg); 1879–1915 Germany (Berlin); 1916–1954 Germany (Kiel). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 (Discovery and development of the method of diene synthesis)

Dijkstra, Edsger (Dijkstra, Edsger) 05/11/1930 Netherlands (Rotterdam) - 08/6/2002 Netherlands (Nunen) informatics
Geobiography: 1930–1947 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1948–1951 Netherlands (Leiden); 1952–1961 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1962–1983 Netherlands (Eindhoven); 1984–1998 US (Austin); 1999–2002 Netherlands (Nynen). Turing Award 1972 (significant late contribution to the development of the ALGOL language)

Dirac, Paul (Dirac, Paul) 8/8/1902 Great. (Bristol) - 10/20/1984 USA (Tallahassee) physicist.
Geobiography: 1902–1922 Great. (Bristol); 1923–1925 Great (Cambridge); 1926–1926 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1927–1927 Germany (Göttingen); 1928–1968 Great (Cambridge); 1969–1984 US (Tallahassee) Nobel Prize in Physics 1933 (Discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory, i.e. creation of the equations of quantum mechanics)

Doherty, Peter (Peter Doherty) 09/15/1940 Australia (Brisbane // Brisbane // 153.0826,-27.4766) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1940-1965 Australia (Brisbane); 1966–1970 Great (Edinburgh); 1971–2006 Australia (Canberra); 2007–2020 Australia (Melbourne) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996 (for the discovery of a mechanism for the recognition by cells of the body's immune system (T-lymphocytes) of cells infected with a virus)

Domagk, Gerhard (Domagk, Gerhard) 10/30/1895 Poland (Lagov // Germany //) - 04/24/1964 Germany (Königsfeld) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1895–1901 Poland (Lagov // Germany); 1902–1906 Poland (Lubsko // Germany); 1907–1913 Poland (Legnica // Germany); 1914–1918 Germany (Kiel); 1919–1923 Germany (Greifswald //); 1924–1926 Germany (Münster //); 1927–1955 Germany (Wuppertal); 1956–1964 Germany (Königsfeld) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1939 (Discovery of the first antibacterial drug - prontosil)

Dosset, Jean (Dausset, Jean) 10/19/1916 France (Toulouse) - 06/6/2009 Spain (Palma) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1916-1918 France (Toulouse); 1919–1926 France (Biarritz); 1927–1940 France (Paris); 1941–1944 Tunis (Tunis // Tunisia (fr.)); 1945–1947 France (Paris); 1948–1951 USA (Boston); 1952–2007 France (Paris); 2008–2009 Spain (Palma). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980 (Discovery of genetically controlled structures on the surface of cells that regulate the body's immunological responses)

Drinfeld, Vladimir Gershonovich (Vladimir Drinfeld) 02/14/1954 Ukraine (Kharkov // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1954–1970 Ukraine (Kharkov // USSR); 1971–1977 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1978–1980 Russia (Ufa // USSR); 1981–1991 Ukraine (Kharkov // USSR); 1982–1997 Ukraine (Kharkov); 1998–2020 USA (Chicago) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1990 (Major works in algebraic geometry, number theory, where he proved the Langlands conjecture for GL(2) over a function field, and mathematical physics (creator of quantum group theory, a new class of Hopf algebras)

Dubochet, Jacques 06/8/1942 Switzerland ( Aigle // Aigle // 7.0218,46.3104 ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1942–1947 Switzerland ( Aigle ); 1948–1950 Switzerland (Sion // Sion // 7.7975,46.1722); 1951–1955 Switzerland (Lausanne); 1956–1961 Switzerland ( Trogen // Trogen // 9.5195,47.4007); 1962–1966 Switzerland (Lausanne); 1967–1973 Switzerland (Geneva); 1974–1977 Switzerland (Basel); 1978–1986 Germany (Heidelberg); 1987–2020 Switzerland (Lausanne) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 (for the development of high resolution cryoelectron microscopy for determining the structure of biomolecules in solution)

Duflo, Esther 10/25/1972 France (Paris) economist.
Geobiography: 1972–1992 France (Paris); 1993–1993 Russia (Moscow); 1994–1997 France (Paris); 1998–2001 USA (Boston); 2002–2003 USA (Princeton); 2004–2030 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Economics 2019 (For an experimental approach to the fight against global poverty)

Dulac, Catherine (Dulac, Catherine) 02/11/1963 France (Montpellier) medic.
Geobiography: 1963–1980 France (Montpellier); 1981–1991 France (Paris); 1992–1995 USA (New York); 1996–2050 USA (Boston) 2021 Medical Breakthrough Award (for deconstructing complex parental behavior at the level of cell types and their connections, and demonstrating that the neural circuits that govern both male and female parental behaviors are present in both sexes)

Dulbecco, Renato (Dulbecco, Renato) 02/22/1914 Italy (Catanzaro) - 02/20/2012 USA (San Diego) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1914–1914 Italy (Catanzaro); 1915–1916 Italy (Turin); 1917–1917 Italy (Cuneo); 1918–1929 Italy (Empire); 1930–1946 Italy (Turin); 1947–1948 USA (Bloomington); 1949–1962 USA (Pasadena); 1963–1971 USA (San Diego); 1972–1976 Great (London); 1977–1992 USA (San Diego); 1993–1996 Italy (Milan); 1997–2012 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975 (Works on the genetics of oncogenic viruses and the discovery of the reverse transcriptase enzyme)

Duminil-Copin, Hugo ( Duminil-Copin, Hugo ) 08/26/1985 France ( Paris ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1985–2007 France (Paris); 2008–2015 Switzerland (Geneva); 2016–2050 France (Paris). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2017 (for brilliant solutions to many key problems in probability theory, in particular those related to the critical behavior of Ising-type models)

Erlanger, Joseph 01/5/1874 USA (San Francisco) - 12/5/1965 USA (St. Louis) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1874–1890 USA (San Francisco); 1891–1895 US (Berkeley); 1896–1905 US (Baltimore); 1906–1909 US (Madison); 1910–1965 USA (St. Louis). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 (Discovery of functional differences between individual nerve fibers)

Jumper, John 1987 USA (Nashville) physician.
Geobiography: 1987–2006 USA (Nashville); 2007–2008 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 2009–2013 USA (New York); 2014–2016 USA (Mountain View); 2017–2017 USA (Chicago); 2018–2050 USA (Mountain View).2023 Medical Breakthrough Award (for developing a deep learning AI method that quickly and accurately predicts the 3D structure of proteins based on their amino acid sequence). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024 (for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation)

Jun Ye 1967 China (Shanghai) physicist.
Geobiography: 1967–1989 China (Shanghai); 1990–1991 USA (Albuquerque); 1992–1996 USA (Boulder); 1992–1997 USA (Pasadena); 1992–2050 USA (Boulder); Fundamental Physics Prize 2022 (For outstanding contributions to the invention and development of optical lattice clocks that allow precise testing of the fundamental laws of nature)

June, Carl 1953 USA (New York) physician.
Geobiography: 1953–1970 USA (New York); 1971–1975 US (Annapolis); 1976–1978 US (Houston); 1979–1982 US (Bethesda); 1983–1986 US (Sijtl); 1987–1998 US (Bethesda); 1999–2050 USA (Philadelphia) 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For the development of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy, in which a patient's T cells are modified to target and kill cancer cells)

Duve, Christian de (Duve, Christian de) 10/2/1917 Great. ( London ) - 4.05.2013 Belgium(Grez-Doiceau) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1917–1919 Great. (London); 1920–1933 Belgium (Antwerp); 1934–1945 Belgium (Leuven); 1946–1946 Sweden (Stockholm); 1947–2012 Belgium (Leuven); 2013–2013 Belgium ( Gres-Duaso ). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974 (Study of the structural and functional organization of the cell)

Eccles, John (Eccles, John) 01/27/1903 Australia (Melbourne) - 05/2/1997 Switzerland (Locarno) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1903-1914 Australia (Melbourne); 1915–1919 Australia (Warrnambool); 1920–1924 Australia (Melbourne); 1925–1936 Great (Oxford); 1937–1943 Australia (Sydney ); 1944–1950 New Zealand ( Dunedin ); 1951–1966 Australia (Canberra ); 1967–1967 USA (Chicago); 1968–1974 USA (Buffalo); 1975–1997 Switzerland (Locarno) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963 (Research on the ionic mechanisms involved in the transmission of excitation and inhibition by nerve cells)

Edelman, Gerald (Edelman, Gerald) 07/1/1929 USA (New York) - 05/17/2014 USA (San Diego) physiologist
Geobiography: 1929–1935 USA (New York); 1936–1954 USA (Philadelphia); 1955–1955 USA (Boston); 1956–1957 France (Paris); 1958–1991 USA (New York); 1992–2014 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1972 (Determination of the chemical structure of antibodies)

Egas Moniz, António (Egas Moniz, António) 11/29/1874 Portugal (Aveiro) - 12/13/1955 Portugal (Lisbon) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1874–1884 Portugal (Aveiro); 1885–1890 Portugal (Castelo Branco); 1891–1899 Portugal (Coimbra); 1900–1900 France (Bordeaux); 1901–1901 France (Paris); 1902–1902 Portugal (Coimbra); 1903–1916 Portugal (Lisbon); 1917–1917 Spain (Madrid); 1918–1955 Portugal (Lisbon) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 (Research on the functional organization of the diencephalon and the development of surgical operations on it in the treatment of certain mental illnesses)

Ehrlich, Paul 03/14/1854 Poland (Stshelin // Prussia) - 08/20/1915 Germany (Bad Homburg) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1854–1863 Poland ( Strzelin // Prussia ); 1864–1870 Poland (Wroclaw // Prussia); 1871–1874 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1875–1876 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1877–1877 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1878–1881 Germany (Leipzig); 1882–1887 Germany (Berlin); 1 –1889 Egypt (Cairo); 1890–1898 Germany (Berlin); 1899–1914 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1915–1915 Germany (Bad Homburg) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908 (Works on the study of the mechanisms of immunity)

Eigen, Manfred ( Eigen, Manfred ) 05/9/1927 Germany ( Bochum // Bochum / ) chemist
Geobiography: 1927–1943 Germany ( Bochum ); 1944–2018 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 (Study of ultrafast chemical reactions)

Eikman, Christian 08/11/1858 Netherlands (Nikerk) - 11/5/1930 Netherlands (Utrecht), doctor.
Geobiography: 1858 Netherlands (Nikerk); 1859 - 1874 Netherlands (Zandam); 1875- 1882 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1883 Java (Semarang); 1884 Java (Tilatjap); 1885- 1886 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1887 Netherlands (Berlin); 1 -1895 Indonesia (Veltereden); 1896-5.11.1930 Netherlands (Utrecht). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929 (shared with Frederick Hopkins). Discovery of vitamin B1

Einthoven, Willem ( Einthoven, Willem ) 05/21/1860 Indonesia ( Semarang / / Dutch East Indies ) - 09/29/1927 Netherlands ( Leiden ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1860–1869 Indonesia (Semarang // Dutch East Indies); 1870–1885 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1886–1927 Netherlands (Leiden). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924 (Development of the method of electrocardiography)

Einstein, Albert (Einstein, Albert) 03/14/1879 Germany (Ulm) - 04/18/1955 USA (Princeton) physicist.
Geobiography: 1879–1879 Germany (Ulm); 1880–1894 Germany (Munich); 1895–1895 Italy (Pavia); 1896–1896 Switzerland (Aarau); 1897–1901 Switzerland (Zurich); 1902–1909 Switzerland (Bern); 1910–1910 Switzerland (Zurich); 1911–1911 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary); 1912–1913 Switzerland (Zurich); 1914–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1955 USA (Princeton) Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 (Contribution to theoretical physics, in particular the discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect)

Eldan, Ronen 1980 Israel (Tel Aviv) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1980–2014 Israel (Tel Aviv); 2015–2050 Israel (Rehovot). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2023 (For the creation of a stochastic localization method that has led to significant progress in several open problems in high-dimensional geometry and probability theory, including Jean Bourguin's slice problem and the KLS conjecture)

Eliashberg, Yakov Matveevich ( Eliashberg, Yakov ) 12/11/1946 Russia ( St. Petersburg // USSR ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1946–1971 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1972–1979 Russia (Syktyvkar // USSR); 1980–1987 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR), 1988–2030 USA (Stanford). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2020

Элс, Доминик ( Else, Dominic ) 1993 Канада ( Ватерлоо ) физик.
Геобиография: 1993–2050 Канада ( Ватерлоо ). Премия "Новые горизонты физики" 2022 (За новаторскую теоретическую работу по формулированию новых фаз неравновесной квантовой материи, включая кристаллы времени)

Enders, John (Enders, John) 02/10/1897 USA (Hartford) - 09/8/1985 USA (Waterford) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1897–1903 USA (Hartford); 1904–1914 US (Concord); 1915–1915 US (New Haven); 1916–1921 US (Hartford); 1922–1967 USA (Boston); 1968–1985 USA (Waterford) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 (Method of cultivating the poliovirus in tissue culture)

Engelhardt, Netta 1988 Israel (Jerusalem) physicist.
Geobiography: 1988–2002 Israel (Jerusalem); 2003–2011 USA (Boston); 2012–2016 US (Santa Barbara); 2017–2018 US (Princeton); 2019–2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons Physics Prize 2021 (For calculating the quantum informativity of a black hole and its radiation)

Ekimov, Alexey28.05.1945 Russia (Leningrad // USSR) chemist.
Geobiography: 1945–1990 Russia (Leningrad // USSR); 1991–1998 Russia (St. Petersburg); 1999–2050 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2023 (for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots)

Endres, Manuel 1986 Germany (Munich) physicist
Geobiography: 1986–2012 Germany (Munich); 2013–2050 USA (Pasadena) New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For the development of optical tweezer arrays to implement single-atom control for applications in quantum information science, metrology and molecular physics)

Engle, Robert (Engle, Robert) 11/10/1942 USA (Syracuse, New York // Syracuse //) – 7/11/2024 USA (New York) economist.
Geobiography: 1942–1959 USA (Syracuse); 1960–1964 USA (USA (Williamstown, Massachusetts // Williamstown //); 1965–1968 USA (New York); 1969–1974 USA (Boston); 1975–2003 USA (San Diego); 2004–2024 USA (New York). Nobel Prize in Economics 2003 (For the development of a method for analyzing time series in economics based on a mathematical model with autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH)

Englert, François 11/6/1932 Belgium(Brussels) physicist
Geobiography: 1932–1940; Belgium(Brussels); 1941–1943 Belgium(Anvois-Rouillon); 1944–1958 Belgium (Brussels); 1959–1960 USA (New York); 1961–2018 Belgium (Brussels). Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 (For the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that provided insight into the origin of elementary particle masses and which was recently confirmed by the discovery of a predicted elementary particle made with the Large Hadron Collider at CERN)

Erdős, Pal (Erdős, Paul ) 26.03.1913 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary— - 20.09.1996 Poland ( Warsaw ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1913-1917 Hungary ( Budapest// Austria-Hungary ); 1918-1933 Hungary ( Budapest ); 1934-1937 Great. ( Manchester ); 1938-1938 USA ( Princeton ); 1939-1942 USA ( Philadelphia ); 1943-1951 USA ( Lafayette ); 1952-1953 USA ( South Bend ); 1954-1985 Israel ( Haifa ); 1985-1995 Israel ( Jerusalem ); 1996-1996 Poland ( Warsaw ). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1983 for contributions to number theory, combinatorics, probability theory, set theory and mathematical analysis, as well as for stimulating the development of mathematics around the world

Ernst, Richard (Ernst, Richard) 08/14/1933 Switzerland (Winterthur // Winterthur // 8.8049,47.4931) - 06/04/2021 Switzerland (Winterthur) chemist
Geobiography: 1933–1950 Switzerland (Winterthur); 1951–1961 Switzerland (Zurich); 1962–1967 US (Palo Alto); 1968–1998 Switzerland (Zurich); 1999–2021 Switzerland (Winterthur). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991 (Development of new methods of spectroscopy using nuclear magnetic resonance)

Ertl, Gerhard 10.10.1936 Germany (Stuttgart) chemist
Geobiography: 1936–1956 Germany (Stuttgart); 1957–1958 France (Paris); 1959–1967 Germany (Munich); 1968–1973 Germany (Hannover); 1974–1986 Germany (Munich); 1987–2050 Germany (Berlin); Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2007 (Discoveries in the field of hard surface chemistry leading to the creation of effective catalysts for cleaning car exhaust gases, ways to protect metals from corrosion and obtaining cheap agricultural fertilizers)

Eskin, Alexander Grigoryevich ( Eskin, Alex ) 05/19/1965 Russia ( Moscow // USSR ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1965–1973 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1974–1981 Israel (Jerusalem); 1982–1986 USA (Los Angeles); 1987–1989 USA (Boston); 1990–1991 USA (Stanford); 1992–1993 USA (Princeton); 1994–2050 USA (Princeton) Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2020 (for revolutionary discoveries in the dynamics and geometry of moduli spaces of Abelian differentials, including the proof of the “magic wand theorem” jointly with Mirzakhani)

Essig, Rouven 1979 South Africa (Johannesburg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1979–2006 South Africa (Johannesburg); 2007–2008 USA (New Brunswick, NJ); 2009–2010 USA (Stanford); 2011–2050 USA (New York) New Horizons Physics Award 2021 (For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter, especially in relation to the SENSEI experiment)

Euler, Ulf von (Euler, Ulf von) 02/07/1905 Sweden (Stockholm) - 03/09/1983 Sweden (Stockholm) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1905–1929 Sweden (Stockholm); 1930–1930 Great (London); 1931–1931 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1932–1983 Sweden (Stockholm); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 (Discovery and study of neurotransmitters - chemicals involved in the transmission and blocking of nerve impulses). Son of Nobel laureate H. von Euler-Helpin

Euler-Chelpin, Hans von (Euler-Chelpin, Hans von) 02/15/1873 Germany (Augsburg) - 11/6/1964 Sweden (Stockholm) chemist.
Geobiography: 1873–1875 Germany (Augsburg); 1876–1884 Germany (Wasserburg am Inn // Wasserburg am Inn); 1885–1887 Germany (Augsburg); 1–1 Germany (Würzburg); 1889–1889 Germany (Ulm // Ulm // 9.983333,48.4); 1890–1893 Germany (Munich); 1894–1895 Germany (Berlin); 1896–1896 Germany (Göttingen); 1897–1964 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929 (Study of the fermentation of the fermentation of sugars and the enzymes involved in this process)

Faltings, Gerd (Gerd Faltings) 07/28/1954 Germany (Gelsenkirchen / Germany) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1954–1971 Germany (Gelsenkirchen); 1972–1981 Germany (Munster); 1982–1993 Germany (Wuppertal); 1994–2020 Germany (Bonn) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1986 (for proof of the Mordell conjecture)

Fermi, Enrico 09/29/1901 Italy (Rome) - 11/28/1954 USA (Chicago) physicist.
Geobiography: 1901–1917 Italy (Rome); 1918–1922 Italy (Pisa); 1923–1924 Germany (Göttingen); 1925–1925 Italy (Florence); 1926–1938 Italy (Rome); 1939–1942 USA (New York); 1943–1943 USA (Chicago); 1944–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1954 USA (Chicago) Nobel Prize in Physics 1938 (Evidence of the existence of new radioactive elements obtained by irradiation with neutrons, and the related discovery of nuclear reactions caused by slow neutrons). The 100th chemical element, fermium, is named after him.

Ferrara, Napoleone (Ferrara, Napoleone) 07/26/1956 Italy (Catania) physician.
Geobiography: 1956–1982 Italy (Catania); 1983–2012 USA (San Francisco); 2013–2050 US (San Diego) 2013 Medical Breakthrough Award (for research on the mechanisms of angiogenesis that led to the development of therapies for cancer and eye diseases)

Ferrara, Sergio ( Ferrara, Sergio ) 2.05.1945 Italy ( Rome ) physicist
Geobiography: 1945–1980 Italy ( Rome ); 1981–1984 Switzerland (Geneva); 1985–2050 USA (Los Angeles) Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2019 (for the invention of supergravity, in which quantum variables are part of the description of the space-time geometry)

Feringa, Bernard ( Bernard Feringa ) 05/18/1951 Netherlands ( Barger-Compascuum // Barger-Compascuum // 7.033333,52.75 ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1951-1968 The Netherlands ( Barger-Compascuum ); 1969–2020 Netherlands (Groningen) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 (for the design and synthesis of molecular machines)

Fert, Albert 03/07/1938 France ( Carcassonne / 2.407.43.2059 ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1938–1938 France (Carcassonne); 1939–1940 France (Toulouse); 1941–1944 France (Montclaret Montclar 2.6862,43.0769); 1945–1956 France (Toulouse); 1957 -1961 France (Paris); 1961–1962 France (Grenoble); 1963-2050 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 for the discovery of "giant magnetic resistance", which underlies the technologies for reading and sorting information in almost all modern magnetic media, and is also one of the fundamental for nanotechnology

Fibiger, Johannes (Fibiger, Johannes) 04/23/1867 Denmark (Silkeborg) - 01/30/1928 Denmark (Copenhagen) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1867–1873 Denmark (Silkeborg); 1874–1928 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1926 (Transactions in Experimental Oncology)

Figalli, Alessio (Alessio Figalli) 04/2/1984 Italy (Rome) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1984–2001 Italy (Rome); 2002–2006 Italy (Pisa); 2007–2007 France (Lyon); 2008–2008 France (Paris); 2009–2015 US (Austin); 2016–2020 Switzerland (Zurich). Fields Medal in Mathematics 2018

Finsen, Niels ( Finsen, Niels ) 12/15/1860 Denmark (Torshavn) - 09/24/1904 Denmark (Copenhagen) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1860–1873 Denmark (Torshavn); 1874–1875 Denmark (Nästved); 1876–1881 Iceland (Reykjavik); 1882–1904 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1903 (Discovery of a way to treat skin diseases (especially lupus) with light irradiation)

Fischer, Hans 07/27/1881 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) - 03/31/1945 Germany (Munich) chemist.
Geobiography: 1881–1887 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1–1891 Germany (Stuttgart); 1892–1899 Germany (Wiesbaden); 1900–1901 Switzerland (Lausanne); 1902–1907 Germany (Marburg); 1908–1908 Germany (Munich); 1909–1909 Germany (Berlin); 1910–1915 Germany (Munich); 1916–1917 Austria (Innsbruck // Austria-Hungary); 1918–1918 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1920 Austria (Vienna); 1921–1945 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1930 (Research on the structure of hemoglobin and chlorophyll molecules, synthesis of hemin)

Fischer, Emil (Fischer, Emil) 10/9/1852 Germany (Euskirchen // Prussia) - 07/15/1919 Germany (Berlin) chemist.
Geobiography: 1852–1870 Germany ( Euskirchen // Prussia ); 1871–1871 Germany (Bonn); 1872–1874 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1875–1881 Germany (Munich); 1882–1 Germany (Erlangen); 1889–1892 Germany (Würzburg); 1893–1919 Germany (Berlin) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1902 (Works on the synthesis of sugars and purines)

Fischer, Edmond (Fischer, Edmond) 04/6/1920 China (Shanghai // Shanghai // 121.474722,31.228611) Republic of China) – 08/27/2021 USA (Seattle) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1920–1926 China (Shanghai); 1927–1949 Switzerland (Geneva); 1950–2021 USA (Seattle) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1992 (Discovery of the role of protein phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism of cellular metabolism)

Fischer, Ernst (Fischer, Ernst) 11/10/1918 Germany (Munich) - 07/23/2007 chemist. Germany (Munich)
Geobiography: 1918–2007 Germany (Munich). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1973 (Works on the chemistry of organometallic compounds)

Fleming, Alexander ( Fleming, Alexander ) 08/6/1881 Great. (Darvel) - 03/11/1955 Great. (London) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1881–1892 Great. (Darvel); 1893–1894 Great (Kilmarnock); 1895–1913 Great. (London); 1914–1914 France (Boulogne-sur-Mer); 1915–1950 Great (London); 1951–1954 Great (Edinburgh); 1955–1955 Great (London). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 (Discovery of penicillin and its therapeutic action in infectious diseases)

Floger, Raphael (Flauger, Raphael) 1985 Germany (Würzburg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1985–2001 Germany (Würzburg); 2002–2003 Great (London); 2004–2008 USA (Austin); 2009–2010 US (New Haven); 2011–2014 USA (Pittsburgh); 2015–2019 US (Austin); 2020–2050 USA (Stanford). New Horizons Physics Award 2016 (For outstanding contributions to theoretical cosmology)

Florey, Howard 09/24/1898 Australia (Adelaide // South Australia (Brit.)) - 02/21/1968 Great. (Oxford) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1898–1900 Australia (Adelaide // South Australia (Brit.)); 1901–1921 Australia (Adelaide); 1922–1925 Great (Oxford); 1926–1931 Great (Cambridge); 1932–1934 Great (Sheffield); 1935–1968 Great (Oxford). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945 (Discovery of penicillin and its therapeutic action in infectious diseases)

Flory, Paul (1910-06-19) USA (Sterling) - 1985-09-08 USA (Big Sur) chemist.
Geobiography: 1910–1916 USA (Sterling); 1917–1926 USA (Elgin); 1927–1930 USA (North Manchester); 1931–1933 USA (Columbus); 1934–1937 USA (Wilmington); 1938–1939 USA (Cincinnati); 1940–1942 USA (Linden); 1943–1947 USA (Akron); 1948–1956 USA (Ithaca); 1957–1960 USA (Pittsburgh); 1961–1984 USA (Stanford); 1985–1985 USA (Big Sur). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1974 (Advances in theoretical and experimental physical chemistry of macromolecules)

Floyd, Robert ( Floyd Robert W ) 06/8/1936 USA (New York) - physicist. Geobiography: 1936–1950 USA (New York); 1951–1953 USA (Chicago); 1954–1959 USA (Pittsburgh); 1960–2001 USA (Stanford); Turing Award for 1978_. For his undoubted influence on the methodology of creating efficient and reliable software and for his help in the development of such areas of computer science as the theory of parsing, the semantics of programming languages, automatic program verification, automatic program synthesis, and algorithm analysis

Fock, Vladimir Alexandrovich 12/22/1898 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire) - 12/27/1974 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1898–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // Soviet Russia); 1922–1974 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR). N. I. Lobachevsky Prize 1937

Forssmann, Werner (Forssmann, Werner) 08/29/1904 Germany (Berlin) - 06/1/1979 Germany (Schopfheim) physiologist. Film Geobiography: 1904–1928 Germany (Berlin); 1929–1929 Germany (Eberswalde); 1930–1930 Germany (Berlin); 1931–1932 Germany (Mainz); 1933–1944 Germany (Berlin); 1945–1949 Germany (Wiesbaden); 1950–1957 Germany (Bad Kreuznach); 1958–1969 Germany (Düsseldorf); 1970–1979 Germany (Schopfheim) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956 (Method of cardiac catheterization)

Frank, Ilya 10/23/1908 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire) — 06/22/1990 Russia (Moscow // Russian Empire) physicist.
Geobiography: 1908–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR); 1922–1925 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1926–1930 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1931–1933 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1934–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958 (Discovery and creation of the theory of the Cherenkov effect)

Frank James Edward 08/26/1882 Germany (Hamburg) - 05/21/1964 Germany (Göttingen) physicist.
Geobiography: 1882–1900 Germany (Hamburg); 1901–1902 Germany (Heidelberg); 1903–1919 Germany (Berlin); 1920–1932 Germany (Göttingen); 1933–1933 USA (Baltimore); 1934–1934 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1935–1939 USA (Baltimore); 1940–1963 USA (Chicago); 1964–1964 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize in Physics 1925. (For the discovery of the laws of the collision of an electron with an atom)

Frank, Joachim 09/12/1940 Germany ( Siegen // Siegen) chemist.
Geobiography: 1940–1959 Germany ( Siegen ); 1960–1962 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1963–1970 Germany (Munich); 1971–1971 USA (Berkeley); 1972–1972 USA (New York); 1973–1974 Great (Cambridge); 1975–2020 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 (for the development of high resolution cryoelectron microscopy for determining the structure of biomolecules in solution)

Friedmann, Alexander 06/16/1 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire) - 09/16/1925 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1 –1915 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1916–1916 Ukraine (Kyiv // Russian Empire); 1917–1917 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR); 1918–1919 Russia (Perm // RSFSR); 1920–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR); 1922–1925 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR). Director of the Main Geophysical Observatory in 1925

Frisch, Karl von 11/20/1886 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary) - 06/12/1982 Germany (Munich) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1886–1909 Austria (Vienna); 1910–1920 Germany (Munich); 1921–1922 Germany (Rostock); 1923–1924 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1925–1945 Germany (Munich); 1946–1949 Austria (Graz); 1950–1982 Germany (Munich); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 (Research into individual and social behavior of animals)

Fukui, Kenichi (Fukui, Kenichi) 10/4/1918 Japan (Nara // Nara // 135.8382,34.6668) - 01/9/1998 Japan (Kyoto) chemist.
Geobiography: 1918–1918 Japan (Nara); 1919–1936 Japan (Osaka); 1937–1998 Japan (Kyoto). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 (Development of the theory of chemical reactions)

Frisch, Ragnar ( Frisch, Ragnar ) 03/03/1895 Norway (Oslo // Sweden) - 01/31/1973 Norway (Oslo) economist.
Geobiography: 1895–1904 Norway ( Oslo // Sweden ); 1905–1920 Norway (Oslo); 1921–1921 France (Paris); 1922–1922 Great (London); 1923–1973 Norway (Oslo) Nobel Prize in Economics 1969 (for the development and application of dynamic models to the analysis of economic processes)

Furstenberg, Harry (Furstenberg, Hillel) 09/29/1935 Germany (Berlin) mathematician. Film Geobiography: 1935–1938 Germany (Berlin); 1939–1955 USA (New York); 1956–1957 USA (Princeton); 1958–1964 USA (Minneapolis); 1965–2020 Israel (Jerusalem). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2007 for profound contributions to ergodic theory, probability theory, topological dynamics, analysis of symmetric spaces and homogeneous flows. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2020 (pioneer of the application of probabilistic and dynamical methods in group theory, number theory and combinatorics)

Gabor, Denesh (Gabor, Dennis) 06/5/1900 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary) - 02/09/1979 Great. (London) physicist.
Geobiography: 1900–1917 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary); 1918–1920 Hungary (Budapest);; 1921–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1947 Great (Rugby); 1948–1966 Great (London); 1967–1978 Italy (Lavinio); 1979–1979 Great (London). He built a general theory of holography and received the first holograms. Nobel Prize in Physics 1971. (Invention (1947-48) and development of holography.)

Garden, Arthur (Harden, Arthur) 10/12/1865 Great. (Manchester) - 06/17/1940 Great. (Bourne End // Bourne End) chemist.
Geobiography: 1865–1885 Great. (Manchester); 1886–1887 Germany (Erlangen // Erlangen); 1 –1896 Great. (Manchester); 1897–1901 Great. (London); 1902–1906 Great (Manchester); 1907–1930 Great. (London); 1931–1940 Great (Bourne End). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1929 (Study of the fermentation of the fermentation of sugars and the enzymes involved in this process)

Gasser, Herbert (Gasser, Herbert) 07/05/1 USA (Platteville) - 05/11/1963 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1 –1906 USA (Platteville); 1907–1912 USA (Madison); 1913–1914 USA (Baltimore); 1915–1915 USA (Madison); 1916–1922 USA (Washington); 1923–1923 Great (London); 1924–1924 France (Paris); 1925–1925 Germany (Munich); 1926–1930 USA (Washington); 1931–1963 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 (Discovery of functional differences between individual nerve fibers)

Gasser, Thomas 1958
Geobiography: 1958–1985 Germany (Freiburg); 1986–2050 Germany (Tübingen). 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For identification of GBA1 and LRRK2 as risk genes for Parkinson's disease, and for the involvement of autophagy and lysosomal biology as critical factors in the pathogenesis of the disease)

Gajdusek, Daniel 09/09/1923 USA (New York) -12/12/2008 Norway (Tromsø) physiologist
Geobiography: 1923–1939 USA (New York); 1940–1942 USA (Rochester); 1943–1945 USA (Boston); 1946–1946 USA (New York); 1947–1948 USA (Pasadena); 1949–1950 USA (Boston); 1951–1952 USA (Washington); 1953–1953 Iran (Tehran / Tehran / 51.423056,35.696111); 1954–1957 Australia (Melbourne); 1958–1997 USA (Bethesda); 1998–1999 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 2000–2001 France (Paris); 2002–2008 Norway (Tromsø). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976 (Discoveries in the epidemiology and prevention of infectious diseases (serum hepatitis, slow viral infections)

Geim Andrei Konstantinovich (Andre Geim) 10/21/1958 Russia (Sochi // Sochi // 39.7753,43.578 // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1958–1963 Russia (Sochi // USSR); 1964–1975 Russia (Nalchik // Nalchik // 43.7263,43.4691 // USSR); 1976–1989 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1990–1990 Great (Nottingham); 1991–1991 Great (Baht); 1992–1992 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1993–1993 Great (Nottingham); 1994–2000 Netherlands (Nijmegen // Nijmegen // 5.9048,51.8272); 2001–2020 Great (Manchester). Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 (for pioneering experiments on the two-dimensional graphene material)

Gamov Georgy Antonovich (George Gamow) 03/4/1904 Ukraine (Odessa // Russian Empire) - 08/19/1968 USA (Boulder) physicist.
Geobiography: 1904–1916 Ukraine ( Odessa // Russian Empire ); 1917–1918 Ukraine (Odessa // RSFSR); 1919–1921 Ukraine (Odessa // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1927 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1928–1928 (Göttingen); 1929–1929 Netherlands (Leiden); 1930–1931 (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1932–1933 France (Paris); 1934–1934 Great (Cambridge); 1935–1955 USA (Washington); 1956–1968 USA (Boulder) Kalinga Prize for the Popularization of Science 1956

Gelfand, Izrail Moiseevich (Gelfand, Israel) 08/20/1913 Ukraine (Okny // Russian Empire // Okny // 29.461667,47.53 9) — 10/5/2009 USA (Piscataway) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1913–1916 Ukraine ( Windows // Russian Empire ); 1917–1918 Ukraine (Windows // RSFSR); 1919–1921 Ukraine (Okny // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1922 Ukraine (Windows // USSR); 1923–1927 Ukraine (Chechelnik // USSR // Chechelnik //); 1928–1929 Ukraine (Olgopol // USSR // Olhopil // 29.496389,48.196389); 1930–1942 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1943–1944 Russia (Kazan // USSR); 1945–1988 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1989–2009 USA (Piscataway // Piscataway //). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1978 for work on functional analysis, group representation theory, and for productive contributions to many areas of mathematics and their applications

Gennes, de Pierre-Gilles 10/24/1932 France (Paris) — 05/18/2007 France (Paris) physicist
Geobiography: 1932–1936 France (Paris); 1937–1944 France (Barcelonnette // Barcelonnette // 6.7078,44.3796); 1945–1958 France (Paris); 1959–1960 USA (Berkeley); 1961–2007 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physics 1991 (Advances in the description of molecular ordering in complex condensed systems, especially in liquid crystals and polymers)

Genzel, Reinhard 03/24/1952 Germany (Bad Homburg // FRG) physicist.
Geobiography: 1952–1969 Germany (Bad Homburg // FRG); 1970–1974 Germany (Freiburg // FRG); 1975–1977 Germany (Bonn // FRG); 1978–1980 USA (Boston); 1981–1985 USA (Berkeley); 1986–1989 Germany (Munich // FRG); 1990–2030 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 (Discovery of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Galaxy)

Hess, Victor Franz (Hess, Victor Franz) 01/24/1883 Austria (Peggau) / Austria-Hungary) - 12/17/1964 USA (New York) physicist.
Geobiography: 1883–1900 Austria (Peggau Austria-Hungary); 1901–1909 Austria (Graz)/Austria-Hungary); 1910–1920 Austria (Vienna)/Austria-Hungary); 1921–1922 USA (New York); 1923–1930 Austria (Graz)/Austria-Hungary);1931–1937 Austria (Innsbruck)/Austria-Hungary); 1938–1964 USA (New York). Nobel Prize in Physics 1936 for the discovery of cosmic rays

Hess, Walter Rudolf (Hess, Walter Rudolf) 03/17/1881 Switzerland (Frauenfeld) - 08/12/1973 Switzerland (Locarno) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1881–1898 Switzerland (Frauenfeld); 1899–1900 Germany (Berlin); 1901–1902 Germany (Kiel); 1903–1905 Switzerland (Zurich); 1906–1906 Switzerland (Münsterlingen); 1907–1907 Switzerland (Zurich); 1908–1911 Switzerland (Rapperswil // Rapperswil // 8.816667,47.226667); 1912–1915 Switzerland (Zurich); 1916–1916 Germany (Bonn); 1917–1966 Switzerland (Zurich); 1967–1973 Switzerland (Locarno) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 (Research on the functional organization of the diencephalon and the development of surgical operations on it in the treatment of certain mental illnesses)

Giauque, William 05/12/1895 Canada (Niagara Falls) - 03/28/1982 USA (Berkeley) chemist.
Geobiography: 1895–1900 Canada (Niagara Falls); 1901–1907 USA (Detroit); 1908–1915 Canada (Niagara Falls); 1916–1982 USA (Berkeley). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949 (Contribution to the development of chemical thermodynamics, in particular the study of the properties of substances at ultralow temperatures)

Gianotti, Fabiola (Gianotti, Fabiola) 10/29/1960 Italy (Rome) physicist.
Geobiography: 1960-1966 Italy (Rome); 1967–1986 Italy (Milan); 1987–2050 Switzerland (Geneva). Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for a leading role in a scientific project that led to the discovery of a particle similar to the Higgs boson)

Giæver, Ivar Physicist
April 5, 1929 Norway (Bergen) Geobiography: 1929–1935 Norway (Bergen); 1936–1942 Norway (Estre-Tuten // Ostre Toten // 10.8209,60.6769); 1943–1947 Norway (Hamar // Hamar // 11.082,60.7938); 1948–1953 Norway (Trondheim); 1954–1955 Canada (Toronto); 1956–1969 USA (Schenectady); 1970–1970 Great (Cambridge) 1971–2018 USA (Schenectady) Nobel Prize in Physics 1973 (Research and application of the tunnel effect in semiconductors and superconductors

Ginzburg, Vitaly Lazarevich (Ginzburg, Vitaly) 10/4/1916 Russia (Moscow // Russian Empire) — 11/8/2009 Russia (Moscow) physicist.
Geobiography: 1916–1916 Russia (Moscow // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR); 1922–1940 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1941–1942 Russia (Kazan // USSR); 1943–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2009 Russia (Moscow) Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 (For his work in the field of superconductivity and superfluidity)

Giorgi, Ennio de (Giorgi, Ennio de) 02/08/1928 Italy (Lecce // Lecce // 18.1666,40.3424) - 10/25/1996 Italy (Pisa) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1928–1945 Italy ( Lecce ); 1946–1958 Italy (Rome); 1959–1959 Italy (Messina // Messina // 15.5501,38.1756); 1960–1996 Italy (Pisa) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1990 for innovative ideas and fundamental achievements in the field of partial differential equations and the calculus of variations

Glashow, Sheldon ( Glashow, Sheldon ) 12/5/1932 USA ( New York ) physicist
Geobiography: 1932–1950 USA ( New York ); 1951–1954 USA (Ithaca); 1955–1957 USA (Boston); 1958–1960 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1961–1961 USA (Pasadena); 1962–1962 USA (Stanford); 1963–1966 USA (Berkeley); 1967–2018 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 (Contribution to the theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions between elementary particles (the so-called electroweak interaction)

Goldin, Claudia 14.05.1946 USA (New York) economist.
Geobiography: 1946–1967 USA (New York); 1968–1972 USA (Chicago); 1973–1984 US (Princeton); 1985–1989 US (Philadelphia); 1990–2050 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Economics 2023 (for research on gender inequality in the labor market)

Gödel, Kurt ( Kurt Gödel ) 04/28/1906 Czech Republic ( Brno // Austria-Hungary // Brno // 16.616667,49.2 ) - 01/14/1978 USA (Princeton) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1906–1918 Czech Republic ( Brno // Austria-Hungary ); 1919–1922 Czech Republic (Brno // Czechoslovakia); 1923–1937 Austria (Vienna); 1938–1939 Austria (Vienna // Germany); 1940–1978 USA (Princeton) Einstein Prize 1951

Göppert-Mayer, Maria 06/28/1906 Poland (Katowice // Germany) - 02/20/1972 USA (San Diego) physicist.
Geobiography: 1906–1909 Poland (Katowice // Germany); 1910–1930 Germany (Göttingen); 1931–1936 USA (Baltimore); 1937–1944 USA (New York); 1945–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1959 USA (Chicago); 1960–1972 USA (San Diego). Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 (Discovery of the shell structure of the atomic nucleus)

Goursat, Edouard ( Goursat, Édouard ) 05/21/1858 France ( Lanzac // Lanzac // 1.4836,44.8753 ) - 11/25/1936 France ( Paris ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1858–1864 France ( Lanzac ); 1865–1874 France ( Brive-la-Gaillard // Brive-la-Gaillarde // 1.5333,45.1431); 1875–1936 France (Paris) Poncelet Prize 1889

Granite Ragnar (Granit, Ragnar) 10/30/1900 Finland (Helsinki // Russian imp.) - 03/12/1991 Sweden (Stockholm) neurophysiologist.
Geobiography: 1900–1940 Finland (Helsinki // Russian Empire); 1941–1991 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1967, jointly with J. Wald and H. Hartline). Research on the physiological and chemical mechanisms of vision

Grassellino, Anna 1981 Italy (Marsala) physicist
Geobiography: 1981–1998 Italy (Marsala); 1999–2006 Italy (Pisa); 2007–2011 USA (Philadelphia); 2012–2050 USA (Batavia). New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For discoveries of significant improvements in the performance of niobium superconducting radio frequency resonators with applications ranging from accelerator physics to quantum devices)

Greengard, Paul 12/11/1925 USA (New York)– 13.04.2019 USA (New York) physiologist
Geobiography: 1925–1942 USA (New York); 1943–1945 USA (Boston); 1946–1947 USA (Clinton // Clinton // -75.380278,43.04 9); 1948–1952 USA (Baltimore); 1953–1954 Great (London); 1955–1956 Great (Cambridge); 1957–1958 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1959–1966 Switzerland (Basel); 1967–1967 USA (New York); 1968–1982 US (New Haven); 1983–2019 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 (for the discovery of the role of proteins in the signaling mechanisms of the nervous system, which is important for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc.

Grignard, Victor (Grignard, Victor) 05/06/1871 France (Cherbourg) - 12/13/1935 France (Lyon) chemist.
Geobiography: 1871–1881 France (Cherbourg); 1882–1886 France (Cluny); 1887–1904 France (Lyon); 1905–1905 France (Besançon); 1906–1908 France (Lyon); 1909–1918 France (Nancy); 1919–1935 France (Lyon) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912 (Discovery of the reaction named after him, a general method for the synthesis of many substances)

Groechenig, Michael 2.07.1988 Austria (Vienna) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1988–2005 Austria (Vienna); 2006–2008 Switzerland (Zurich); 2009–2012 Gr. Britain (Oxford); 2013–2015 Gr. Britain (London); 2016–2017 Germany (Berlin); 2018–2050 Canada (Toronto) New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2024. For contributions to the theory of rigid local systems and the application of p-adic integration to mirror symmetry and the fundamental lemma

Gromov, Mikhail Leonidovich (Mikhaïl Gromov) 12/23/1943 Russia (Boksitogorsk // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1943–1944 Russia (Boksitogorsk // USSR); 1945–1973 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1974–1980 USA (New York); 1981–2020 France (Paris) Abel Prize in Mathematics 2009 (For revolutionary contributions to geometry)

Grothendieck, Alexander (Grothendieck, Alexander) 03/28/1928 Germany (Berlin) — 11/13/2014 France (Saint-Girons) mathematician
Geobiography: 1928–1933 Germany (Berlin); 1934–1938 Germany (Hamburg); 1939–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1941 France (Mand); 1942–1944 France (Chambon-sur-Lignon); 1945–1947 France (Montpellier); 1948–1948 France (Paris); 1949–1952 France (Nancy); 1953–1954 Brazil (São Paulo); 1955–1955 USA (Lawrence); 1956–1969 France (Paris); 1970–1989 France (Montpellier); 1990–2014 France (Saint-Girons) was a member of the Nicolas Bourbaki group of mathematicians. Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966 (For outstanding contributions to algebraic geometry)

Grubbs, Robert (Robert Grubbs) 02/27/1942 USA (Calvert City // Calvert City // -88.349444,37.033056) – 12/19/2021 USA (Pasadena) chemist.
Geobiography: 1942–1945 USA (Calvert City); 1946–1958 USA (Paducah // Paducah // -88.6275,37.072222); 1959–1964 US (Gainesville); 1965–1967 US (New York); 1968–1968 US (Stanford); 1969–1977 US (Ann Arbor); 1978–2021 USA (Pasadena) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 (Development of ruthenium catalysts for metathesis reactions)

Gullstrand, Alvar (Gullstrand, Allvar) 06/5/1862 Sweden (Landskrona) - 07/28/1930 Sweden (Stockholm) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1862–1870 Sweden (Landskrona); 1871–1879 Sweden (Jönköping); 1880–1884 Sweden (Uppsala); 1885–1885 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1886–1893 Sweden (Stockholm); 1894–1927 Sweden (Uppsala); 1928–1930 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1911 (Transactions on the Optics of the Eye)

Guth, Larry 1977 USA (New York) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1977–1994 USA (New York); 1995–1999 US (New Haven); 2000–2004 USA (Boston); 2005–2006 USA (Stanford); 2007–2010 Canada (Toronto); 2011–2011 US (New York); 2012–2050 USA (Boston). Prize "New Horizons of Mathematics" 2016 (for ingenious and unexpected solutions to a number of old unsolved problems in Riemannian geometry, harmonic analysis, combinatorial geometry)

Guillemin, Roger 01/11/1924 France (Dijon)– 2024 USA (San Diego) physiologist
Geobiography: 1924–1946 France (Dijon); 1947–1948 France (Lyon); 1949–1952 Canada (Montreal); 1953–1969 USA (Houston); 1970–2024 USA (San Diego). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977 (Discoveries related to the secretion of brain peptide hormones and the development of methods for their determination)

Guillaume, Charles (Guillaume, Charles) 02/15/1861 Switzerland (Fleurier) - 06/13/1938 France (Paris) physicist.
Geobiography: 1861–1867 Switzerland (Fleurier); 1868–1877 Switzerland (Neuchâtel); 1878–1882 Switzerland (Zurich); 1883–1938 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physics 1920 (Creation of iron-nickel alloys for metrological purposes)

Golgi, Camillo (Golgi, Camillo) 07/07/1843 Italy (Corteno-Golgi // Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom (Austrian)) - 01/21/1926 Italy (Pavia) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1843–1857 Italy ( Corteno-Golgi / Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom (Aust.) ); 1858–1858 Italy (Pavia // Kingdom of Lombardo-Venetia (Austrian)); 1859–1860 Italy (Pavia // Kingdom of Sardinia); 1861–1865 Italy (Pavia); 1866–1872 Italy (Abbiategrasso); 1873–1875 Italy (Siena) 1876–1926 Italy (Pavia) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906 (Works on the histology and morphology of the nervous system)

Goodenough, John ( Goodenough, John ) 07/25/1922 Germany ( Jena ) — 25.06.2023 USA ( Austin ) chemist. Film Geobiography: 1922–1923 Germany (Jena); 1924–1929 USA (New Haven); 1930–1934 USA ( Groton // Groton // -71.5752,42.6075 ); 1935–1944 USA (New Haven); 1945–1951 USA (Chicago); 1952–1975 USA (Lexington); 1976–1985 Great (Oxford); 1986–2023 USA (Austin) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 (For the improvement of lithium-ion batteries)

Gross, David (David Gross) 02/19/1941 USA (Washington) – 11.02.2021 США (Бостон) physicist.
Geobiography: 1941-1953 USA (Washington); 1954–1961 Israel (Jerusalem); 1962–1965 USA (Berkeley); 1966–1968 USA (Boston); 1969–1995 USA (Princeton); 1996–2023 US (Santa Barbara) Nobel Prize in Physics 2004 (For the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction, i.e. for the discovery of the mechanism of forces that bind quarks together)

Grothendieck, Alexander (Grothendieck, Alexander) 03/28/1928 Germany (Berlin) — 11/13/2014 France (Saint-Girons // Saint-Girons // 1.2018,42.9714) mathematician
Geobiography: 1928–1933 Germany (Berlin); 1934–1938 Germany (Hamburg); 1939–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1941 France (Mand // Mende // 3.5563,44.5054); 1942–1944 France (Chambon-sur-Lignon // Le Chambon-sur-Lignon // 4.358,45.0477); 1945–1947 France (Montpellier); 1948–1948 France (Paris); 1949–1952 France (Nancy); 1953–1954 Brazil (São Paulo // São Paulo // -46.5619, -23.5182); 1955–1955 USA ( Lawrence // Lawrence // -95.1806,38.9562 ); 1956–1969 France (Paris); 1970–1989 France (Montpellier); 1990–2014 France (Saint-Girons) was a member of the Nicolas Bourbaki group of mathematicians. Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966 (for outstanding contributions to algebraic geometry)

Grünberg, Peter (Peter Grünberg) 05/18/1939 Czech Republic (Pilsen // Czech Republic (occupied by Germany)) physicist.
Geobiography: 1939–1944 Czech Republic (Pilsen // Czech Republic (occupied by Germany)); 1945–1945 Czech Republic (Pilsen // Czechoslovakia); 1946–1958 Germany (Lauterbach // Lauterbach // 9.4493,50.6315); 1959–1961 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1962–1968 Germany (Darmstadt); 1969–1971 Canada (Ottawa); 1972–2003 Germany (Cologne); 2004–2020 Germany (Jülich ). Nobel Prize in Physics 2007 (Discovery of the "giant magnetic resistance" that underlies the technologies for reading and sorting information in almost all modern magnetic media, and is also one of the fundamental for nanotechnology)

Gundlach, Jens (Gundlach, Jens) 1961 Germany (Würzburg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1961–1978 Germany (Würzburg); 1979–1982 Germany (Mainz); 1983–2050 USA (Seattle) Fundamental Physics Prize 2021 (for precise fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, explore the nature of dark energy, and set limits on interactions with dark matter)

Haber, Fritz 12/9/1868 Poland (Wroclaw // Prussia) - 01/29/1934 Switzerland (Basel) chemist.
Geobiography: 1868–1870 Poland (Wroclaw // Prussia); 1871–1885 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1886–1886 Germany (Berlin); 1887–1887 Germany (Heidelberg); 1 –1891 Germany (Berlin); 1892–1892 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1893–1893 Germany (Jena); 1894–1910 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1911–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1933 Great (Cambridge); 1934–1934 Switzerland (Basel). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1918 (Synthesis of ammonia from its constituent elements)

Haffkine, Waldemar 03/3/1860 Russia (Odessa // Russian Empire) - 10/26/1930 Switzerland (Lausanne) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1860–1866 Russia (Odessa // Russian Empire); 1867–1878 Russia (Berdyansk // Russian Empire); 1879–1880 Russia (Odessa // Russian Empire); 1881–1887 Switzerland (Geneva); 1 –1 Switzerland (Lausanne); 1889–1892 France (Paris); 1893–1902 India (Bombay // British India); 1903–1914 India (Calcutta // British India); 1915–1927 France (Paris); 1928–1930 Switzerland (Lausanne) Development of a vaccine against cholera and plague. He was awarded the Order of the British Empire in 1897

Haldane, Duncan ( Duncan Haldane ) 09/14/1951 Great. (London) physicist.
Geobiography: 1951–1968 Great. (London); 1969–1976 Great (Cambridge); 1977–1980 France (Grenoble); 1981–1984 USA (Los Angeles); 1985–1986 USA (Murray Hill); 1987–1989 USA (San Diego); 1990–2020 USA (Princeton) Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 (for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter)

Hacon, Christopher ( Hacon, Christopher ) 02/14/1970 Great. (Manchester) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1970–1976 Great. (Manchester); 1977–1987 Italy (Pisa); 1988–1997 USA (Los Angeles); 1998–1999 USA (Salt Lake City); 2000–2001 USA (Riverside, California // Riverside); 2002–2050 USA (Salt Lake City) New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2017 (for transformational contributions to birational algebraic geometry, in particular the program of minimal models in all dimensions)

Hadamard, Jacques (Hadamard, Jacques) 12/8/1865 France (Paris) - 10/17/1963 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1865–1892 France (Paris); 1893–1896 France (Bordeaux); 1897–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1944 USA (New York); 1945–1963 France (Paris) Poncelet Prize 1898

Hadida, Sabine 1.07.1966 Spain (Barcelona) physician.
Geobiography: 1966–1993 Spain (Barcelona); 1995–1996 USA (Pittsburgh); 1997–2050 USA (San Diego) 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For development of life-transforming drug combinations that repair defective chloride channel protein in patients with cystic fibrosis)

Hahn, Otto (Hahn, Otto) 03/08/1879 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) - 07/28/1968 Germany (Göttingen) chemist.
Geobiography: 1879–1896 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1897–1898 Germany (Marburg); 1899–1899 Germany (Munich); 1900–1901 Germany (Marburg); 1902–1902 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1903–1903 Germany (Marburg); 1904–1904 Great (London); 1905–1905 Canada (Montreal); 1906–1944 Germany (Berlin); 1945–1945 Great (Cambridge); 1946–1968 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1944 (Discovery of fission of nuclei of heavy atoms)

Hallinan, Gregg 1980 Ireland (Galway) physicist.
Geobiography: 1980–2002 Ireland (Galway); 2003–2050 USA (Pasadena) 2022 New Horizons in Physics Award (For leadership in laying the foundations for electromagnetic observations of gravitational wave sources and leadership in extracting rich information from the first observed collision of two neutron stars)

Harald Hausen (Harald zur Hausen) 03/11/1936 Germany (Gelsenkirchen)— 29.03.2023 Германия ( Бонн ) mathematician. Geobiography: 1936–1945 Germany (Gelsenkirchen); 1946–1952 Germany (Vechte); 1953–1954 Germany (Bonn), 1955–1957 Germany (Hamburg); 1958–1964 Germany (Düsseldorf); 1965–1968 USA (Philadelphia); 1969–1971 Germany (Würzburg); 1972–1976 Germany (Erlangen); 1977–1982 Germany (Freiburg); 1983-2009 Germany (Heidelberg); 2010-2023 Germany (Bonn); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008 (Discovery of the link between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer)

Hardy, John (Hardy, John) 11/9/1954 Great. (Nelson // Nelson) medic.
Geobiography: 1954–1971 Great. (Nelson); 1972–1976 Great (Leeds); 1977–1979 Great (London); 1980–1982 Great (Newcastle upon Tyne); 1983–1984 Sweden (Umeå); 1985–1991 Great (London); 1992–1995 USA (Tampa, Florida); 1996–1999 USA (Jacksonville, Florida); 2000–2006 US (Bethesda); 2007–2050 Great (London). 2016 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery of mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene that prematurely causes Alzheimer's disease)

Harlow, Daniel (Harlow, Daniel) 1983 USA (Cincinnati, Ohio) physicist.
Geobiography: 1983–1993 USA (Cincinnati); 1994–1997 USA (Boston); 1998–2000 USA (Chicago); 2001–2010 USA (New York); 2011–2012 USA (Stanford); 2013–2015 US (Princeton); 2016–2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons Physics Award 2019 (For fundamental understanding of quantum information, quantum field theory and gravity)

Harold Kroto 10/7/1939 Great. ( Wisbech // Wisbech // 0.16,52.664 ) - 04/30/2016 Great. (Lewis // Lewes // 0.017855,50.875627) chemist.
Geobiography: 1939–1940 Great. (Wisbech); 1941–1957 Great ( Bolton // Bolton // -2.3785,53.5774 ); 1958–1963 Great (Sheffield); 1964–1965 Canada (Ottawa); 1966–1966 USA (Murray Hill // Murray Hill // -74.401111,40.695278); 1967–2003 Great ( Falmer // Falmer // -0.09,50.88 ); 2004–2015 USA (USA (Tallahassee); 2016–2016 Great (Lewis). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996 (For the discovery of a new class of organic compounds - fullerenes)

Haroche, Serge (Serge. Haroche) 09/11/1944 Morocco (Casablanca) French Morocco physicist
Geobiography: 1944–1956 Morocco (Casablanca); 1957–1975 France (Paris); 1976–1976 USA (Stanford); 1977–2020 France (Paris); Nobel Prize in Physics 2012a (shared with David Wineland, for creating breakthrough technologies for manipulating quantum systems that made it possible to measure and control individual quantum systems

Hassabis, Demis 7.07.1976 Great. (London) medic.
Geobiography: 1976–1992 Gr. Britain (London); 1993–1996 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 1997–1997 Gr. Britain (Guildford); 1998–2009 Gr. Britain (London); 2010–2012 USA (Boston); 2013–2050 Gr. Britain (London). 2023 Medical Breakthrough Award (for developing a deep learning AI method that quickly and accurately predicts the 3D structure of proteins based on their amino acid sequence).Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 (For prediction of protein structure)

Hassel, Odd (Hassel, Odd) 05/17/1897 Norway (Oslo) - 05/11/1981 Norway (Oslo) chemist.
Geobiography: 1897–1904 Norway ( Oslo // Sweden ); 1905–1920 Norway (Oslo); 1921–1922 Germany (Munich); 1923–1924 Germany (Berlin); 1925–1981 Norway (Oslo). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1969 (Contribution to the development of conformational analysis and its application in organic chemistry)

Hasselmann, Klaus 10/25/1931 Germany (Hamburg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1931–1933 Germany (Hamburg); 1934–1948 Great (London); 1949–1954 Germany (Hamburg // FRG); 1955–1956 Germany (Göttingen // FRG); 1957–1960 Germany (Hamburg // FRG); 1961–1963 USA (San Diego); 1964–1989 Germany (Hamburg // FRG); 1990–2050 Germany (Hamburg). Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 (for physical modeling of the Earth's climate, quantitative analysis of variations, and reliable prediction of global warming)

Harsanyi, John (Harsanyi, John) 05/29/1920 Hungary (Budapest) - 08/09/2000 USA (Berkeley) economist.
Geobiography: 1920–1949 Hungary (Budapest); 1950–1953 Australia (Sydney); 1954–1955 Australia (Brisbane); 1956–1958 USA (Stanford); 1959–1960 Australia (Canberra); 1961–1963 USA (Detroit); 1964–2000 USA (Berkeley) Nobel Prize in Economics 1994 (for his analysis of equilibrium in the theory of non-cooperative games)

Hartl, Franz-Ulrich ( Hartl, Franz-Ulrich ) 03/10/1957 Germany ( Essen ) physician.
Geobiography: 1957–1974 Germany (Essen); 1975–1986 Germany (Heidelberg); 1987–1989 USA (Los Angeles); 1990–2050 Germany (Munich) 2020 Medical Breakthrough Award (for discovering the functions of molecular chaperones in mediating protein folding and preventing protein aggregation)

Hartline, Haldan (Hartline, Haldan) 12/22/1903 USA (Bloomsburg) - 03/17/1983 USA (Fallston) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1903–1919 USA ( Bloomsburg ); 1920–1922 USA (Easton); 1923–1928 USA (Baltimore); 1929–1929 Germany (Leipzig); 1930–1930 Germany (Munich); 1931–1939 USA (Philadelphia); 1940–1941 USA (Ithaca); 1942–1948 USA (Philadelphia); 1949–1952 USA (Baltimore); 1953–1974 USA (New York); 1975–1983 USA (Fallston). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967 (Research on the physiological and chemical mechanisms of vision)

Hartmanis, Juris ( Hartmanis, Juris ) 5.07.1928 Latvia ( Riga ) – 29.07.2022 USA (New York) informatics
Geobiography: 1928–1939 Latvia ( Riga ); 1940–1940 Latvia (Riga // USSR); 1941–1944 Latvia (Riga // German occupation); 1945–1949 Germany (Marburg); 1950–1951 USA (Lawrence); 1952–1955 USA (Pasadena); 1956–2022 USA (New York) Turing Award 1993 (For seminal work providing a basis for the theory of computational complexity)

Haworth, Walter Norman 03/19/1883 Great. (Chorley) - 03/19/1950 Great. (Birmingham) biochemist.
Geobiography: 1883–1902 Great. (Chorley); 1903–1906 Great. (Manchester); 1907–1909 Germany (Göttingen); 1910–1910 Great (Manchester); 1911–1911 Great (London); 1912–1918 Great (St. Andrews); 1919–1919 Great (Newcastle upon Tyne); 1920–1924 Great (Stockton-on-Tees); 1925–1950 Great (Birmingham)

Hayek, Friedrich von (Hayek, Friedrich von) 05/8/1899 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary) - 05/23/1992 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau) economist.
Geobiography: 1899–1930 Austria (Vienna); 1931–1949 Great. (London); 1950–1961 US (Chicago); 1962–1968 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1969–1969 US (Los Angeles); 1970–1976 Austria (Salzburg); 1977–1992 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau). Nobel Prize in Economics 1974 (for his seminal work on the theory of money and economic fluctuations and his insightful analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena)

Heisenberg, Werner (Heisenberg, Werner) 12/5/1901 Germany (Wurzburg) - 02/1/1976 Germany (Munich) physicist.
Geobiography: 1901–1909 Germany (Würzburg); 1910–1922 Germany (Munich); 1923–1923 Germany (Göttingen); 1924–1924 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1925–1926 Germany (Göttingen); 1927–1941 Germany (Leipzig); 1942–1944 Germany (Berlin); 1945–1945 Great (Cambridge); 1946–1957 Germany (Göttingen); 1958–1976 Germany (Munich). Nobel Prize in Physics 1932 (Participation in the creation of quantum mechanics and its application to the prediction of two states of the hydrogen molecule (ortho- and parahydrogen)

Herschbach, Dudley 06/18/1932 USA (San Jose) chemist
Geobiography: 1932–1949 USA (San Jose); 1950–1954 US (Stanford); 1955–1958 US (Boston); 1959–1962 US (Berkeley); 1963–2018 USA (Boston). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986 (Contribution to the study of the mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions)

Hershey, Alfred (Hershey, Alfred) 12/4/1908 USA (Owosso // Owosso // -84.176667,42.997778) - 05/22/1997 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1908–1918 USA (Owosso); 1919–1933 USA (Lansing); 1934–1960 US (St. Louis); 1961–1997 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 (Research into the reproduction of viruses and the genetics of viruses and bacteria)

Herzberg, Gerhard 12/25/1904 Germany (Hamburg) - 03/3/1999 Canada (Ottawa) chemist.
Geobiography: 1904–1922 Germany (Hamburg); 1923–1927 Germany (Darmstadt); 1928–1928 Germany (Göttingen); 1929–1929 Great (Bristol); 1930–1934 Germany (Darmstadt); 1935–1944 Canada (Saskatoon); 1945–1948 USA (Chicago); 1949–1999 Canada (Ottawa). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1971 (Research on the electronic structure and structure of molecules, especially free radicals)

Hershko, Avram ( Hershko, Avram ) 12/31/1937 Hungary ( Karcag // Karcag // 20.9882,47.3101 ) chemist
Geobiography: 1937–1943 Hungary ( Karcag ); 1944–1944 Hungary (Szolnok // Szolnok 20.2312,47.1681); 1945–1946 Hungary (Karcag); 1947–1949 Hungary (Budapest); 1950–1969 Israel (Jerusalem); 1970–2020 Israel (Haifa) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 (for his research into the cyclic regulation of protein levels in the cell - "ubiquitin-mediated protein breakdown")

Hertz, Gustav (Hertz, Gustav) 07/22/1887 Germany (Hamburg) - 10/30/1975 Germany (Berlin) physicist.
Geobiography: 1887–1905 Germany (Hamburg); 1906–1906 Germany (Göttingen); 1907–1907 Germany (Munich); 1908–1919 Germany (Berlin); 1920–1924 Netherlands (Eindhoven); 1925–1927 Germany (Halle); 1928–1945 Germany (Berlin); 1946–1954 USSR (Sukhumi/Georgia); 1955–1959 Germany (Leipzig // GDR); 1960–1975 Germany (Berlin // GDR). Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 (Discovery of the laws of the collision of an electron with an atom)

Higgs Peter (Higgs, Peter) 05/29/1929 Great. (Newcastle upon Tyne) - 04/08/2024 Great. (Edinburgh) physicist
Geobiography: 1929–1940 Great. (Newcastle upon Tyne); 1941–1945 Great. (Bristol); 1946–1953 Great. (London); 1954–1955 Great. (Edinburgh); 1956–1959 Great. (London); 1960–2024 Great. (Edinburgh). Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 (For the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that provided insight into the origin of the masses of elementary particles and which was recently confirmed by the discovery of a previously predicted elementary particle made with the help of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN)

Hilbert, David 01/23/1862 Russia (Znamensk // Prussia // 21.2642,54.5897) - 02/14/1943 Germany (Göttingen) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1862–1863 Russia ( Znamensk // Prussia // 21.2642,54.5897 ); 1863–1870 Russia (Kaliningrad // Prussia); 1871–1894 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1895–1943 Germany (Göttingen) Lobachevsky Prize 1903, Bolyai Prize 1905 (for the totality of works)

Hill, Archibald 09/26/1886 Great. (Bristol) - 06/3/1977 Great. (Cambridge) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1886–1898 Great. (Bristol); 1899–1904 Great. (Tiverton); 1905–1919 Great. (Cambridge); 1920–1922 Great. (Manchester); 1923–1952 Great. (London); 1953–1977 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922 (Discovery in the field of heat production by muscles)

Hironaka, Heisuke ( Hironaka, Heisuke ) 04/9/1931 Japan ( Iwakuni // Iwakuni // 132.2747,34.1509 ) mathematician
Geobiography: 1931–1948 Japan ( Iwakuni ); 1949–1956 Japan (Kyoto); 1957–1958 USA (Boston); 1959–1959 France (Paris); 1960–1963 USA (Boston); 1964–1964 USA (New York); 1965–1974 USA (Boston); 1975–1995 Japan (Kyoto); 1996–2001 Japan (Yamaguchi // Yamaguchi // 131.5287,34.1617); 2002–2018 Japan (Kyoto) Fields Medal in Mathematics 1970

Hovelmo, Trygve (Haavelmo, Trygve) 12/13/1911 Norway (Shedsmu // Skedsmo) - 07/28/1999 Norway (Oslo) economist.
Geobiography: 1911–1917 Norway (Shedsmu); 1918–1935 Norway (Oslo); 1936–1936 Great (London); 1937–1937 Great (Oxford); 1938–1938 Denmark (Aarhus); 1939–1947 USA (New York); 1948–1999 Norway (Oslo) Nobel Prize in Economics 1989 (For his elucidation of the foundations of probability theory and analysis of simultaneous economic structures)

Hirzebruch, Friedrich ( Hirzebruch, Friedrich ) 10/17/1927 Germany ( Hamm // Hamm // 7.825,51.6657 ) - 05/27/2012 Germany ( Bonn ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1927–1944 Germany ( Hamm ); 1945–1950 Germany (Münster); 1951–1951 Switzerland (Zurich); 1952–1955 USA (Princeton); 1956–2012 Germany (Bonn) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1988 for outstanding work combining topology, algebraic and differential geometry, and algebraic number theory; and for promoting cooperation and research in mathematics. Lobachevsky Prize 1989

Hewish, Anthony 05/11/1924 Great. (Foy // Fowey // -4.633,50.334 Cornwall) – 09.13.2021 Great. (Cambridge) physicist
Geobiography: 1924–1930 Great. (Foy); 1931–1939 Great. (Taunton // Tounton); 1940–2021 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physics 1974 (Determinant role in the discovery of pulsars)

Heyrovsky, Jaroslav 12/20/1890 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary) - 03/27/1967 Czech Republic (Prague // Czechoslovakia) chemist.
Geobiography: 1890–1909 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary); 1910–1913 Great (London); 1914–1915 Czech Republic (Prague // Austria-Hungary); 1916–1918 Austria (Innsbruck // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1938 Czech Republic (Prague // Czechoslovakia); 1939–1944 Czech Republic (Prague // Germany); 1945–1967 Czech Republic (Prague // Czechoslovakia). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1959 (Discovery and development of the polarographic method of analysis)

Hicks, John (Hicks, John) 04/8/1904 Great. (Warwick) - 05/20/1989 Great. (Blockley // Blockley // -1.76.52.016) economist.
Geobiography: 1904–1916 Great. (Warwick); 1917–1925 Great. (Oxford); 1926–1934 Great. (London); 1935–1937 Great. (Cambridge); 1938–1945 Great. (Manchester); 1946–1988 Great. (Oxford); 1989–1989 Great. (Blockley). Nobel Prize in Economics 1972 (For pioneering contributions to the theory of general economic equilibrium and welfare theory)

Hinshaw, Gary 1959 USA (San Francisco) physicist.
Geobiography: 1959–1976 USA (San Francisco); 1977–1982 USA (Berkeley); 1983–1986 USA (Boston); 1987–1989 USA (Oberlin, Ohio); 1990–2010 USA (Greenbelt, Md. // Greenbelt); 2011–2050 Canada (Vancouver). Fundamental Physics Prize 2018 (for detailed maps of the early universe, which greatly improved our knowledge of the evolution of the cosmos and the fluctuations that formed the basis for the formation of galaxies)

Hinton, Geoffrey Hinton 12/6/1947 Great. (London) computer science.
Geobiography: 1947–1966 Great. (London); 1967–1971 Great (Cambridge); 1972–1975 Great (Edinburgh); 1976–1977 Great (Fulmer); 1978–1979 USA (San Diego); 1980–1981 Great (Cambridge); 1982–1986 USA (Pittsburgh); 1987–1997 Canada (Toronto); 1998–2000 Great (London); 2001–2020 Canada (Toronto) Turing Award in Computer Science 2018 (For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a cornerstone component in computing). Nobel Prize in Fiss 2024 (For Fundamental Discovery and Inventions Enabling Machine Learning Using Artificial Neural Networks)

Hinshelwood, Cyril 06/19/1897 Great. (London) - 10/9/1967 Great. (London) chemist.
Geobiography: 1897–1900 Great. (London); 1901–1903 Canada (Montreal); 1904–1904 Canada (Toronto); 1905–1915 Great. (London); 1916–1918 Great (Quinsphery); 1919–1964 Great (Oxford); 1965–1967 Great (London). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956 (Works on the mechanism of chemical reactions)

Hitchings, George (Hitchings, George) 04/18/1905 USA (Aberdeen) - 02/27/1998 USA (Chapel Hill) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1905–1911 USA (Aberdeen); 1912–1914 US (Berkeley); 1915–1916 US (San Diego); 1917–1928 US (Seattle); 1929–1941 US (Boston); 1942–1967 USA (New York); 1968–1998 US (Chapel Hill) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988 (Creation and use of new antitumor and antiviral drugs)

Hoare, Tony Computer Science 01/11/1934 Sri Lanka (Colombo // British India)
Geobiography: 1934–1939 Sri Lanka (Colombo // British Ceylon); 1940–1958 Great (Oxford); 1959–1959 USSR (Moscow); 1960–1967 Great (London); 1968–1976 Great (Belfast); 1977–1998 Great (Oxford); 1999–2018 Great (Cambridge). Turing Award 1980 (For his fundamental contributions to the definition and development of programming languages)

Holmström, Bengt 04/18/1949 Finland (Helsinki) economist.
Geobiography: 1949–1972 Finland (Helsinki); 1973–1977 USA (Stanford); 1978–1982 US (Evanston); 1983–1993 US (New Haven); 1994–2030 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Economics 2016 (For their contribution to the development of contract theory)

Hurtado, Sebastian 1992 Colombia (Bogota) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1992–2008 Colombia (Bogota); 2009–2013 USA (Berkeley); 2014–2014 France (Paris); 2015–2020 USA (Chicago); 2021–2050 USA (New Haven). New Horizons in Mathematics Award (for contributions to the proof of the Zimmer conjecture)

Van't Hoff, Jacobus (van 't Hoff, Jacobus) 08/30/1852 Netherlands (Rotterdam) - 03/1/1911 Germany (Berlin) chemist.
Geobiography: 1852–1868 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1869–1870 Netherlands (Delft); 1871–1871 Netherlands (Leiden); 1872–1873 Germany (Bonn); 1874–1874 France (Paris); 1875–1877 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1878–1895 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1896–1911 Germany (Berlin) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1901 (Discovery of laws in chemical kinetics and osmotic pressure)

Houghton, Michael 1949 Great. (London) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1949–1966 Great. (London); 1967–1972 Great (Norwich); 1973–1977 Great (London); 1978–1981 USA (New York); 1982–2009 USA (Emeryville // Emeryville); 2010–2030 Canada (Edmonton). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 (Discovery of the hepatitis C virus)

't Hooft, Gerard ( Gerard 't Hooft ) 07/5/1946 Netherlands ( Den Helder // Den Helder // 4.8137,52.9525 ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1946–1952 The Netherlands (Den Helder); 1953–1964 Netherlands (The Hague); 1965–2020 Netherlands (Utrecht) Nobel Prize in Physics 1999 (Research on the quantum structure of electroweak interactions)

Hovelmo, Trygve (Haavelmo, Trygve) 12/13/1911 Norway (Shedsmu // Skedsmo) - 07/28/1999 Norway (Oslo) economist.
Geobiography: 1911–1917 Norway (Shedsmu); 1918–1935 Norway (Oslo); 1936–1936 Great (London); 1937–1937 Great (Oxford); 1938–1938 Denmark (Aarhus); 1939–1947 USA (New York); 1948–1999 Norway (Oslo) Nobel Prize in Economics 1989 (For his elucidation of the foundations of probability theory and analysis of simultaneous economic structures)

Hevesy, György de (Hevesy, Georg Karl von) 08/1/1885 Hungary (Budapest) - 07/05/1966, Germany (Freiburg) chemist.
Geobiography: 1885–1903 Hungary (Budapest); 1904–1904 Germany (Berlin); 1905–1908 Germany (Freiburg); 1909–1910 Switzerland (Zurich); 1911–1919 Great (Manchester); 1920–1925 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1926–1933 Germany (Freiburg); 1934–1943 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1935–1942 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1943–1965 Sweden (Stockholm); 1966–1966 Germany (Freiburg) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1943. Use of isotopes as labeled atoms for the study of chemical reactions

Heymans, Corneille (Heymans, Corneille) 03/28/1892 Belgium (Ghent) - 07/18/1968 Belgium (Knokke-Heist ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1892–1916 Belgium (Ghent); 1917–1917 France (Paris); 1918–1918 Switzerland (Lausanne); 1919–1919 Austria (Vienna); 1920–1920 Great (London); 1921–1921 USA (Cleveland); 1922–1962 Belgium (Ghent); 1963–1968 Belgium(Knokke-Heist). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1938 (Discovery of the role of the carotid sinuses and aorta in the regulation of respiration and circulation)

Hoffmann, Roald ( Hoffmann, Roald ) 07/18/1937 Ukraine ( Zolochev // Zolochiv // Poland // 24.9554,49.8028 ) chemist
Geobiography: 1937–1939 Ukraine ( Zolochev // Poland ); 1940–1940 Ukraine (Zolochev // USSR); 1941–1942 Ukraine (Zolochev // USSR, occupied by Germany); 1943–1944 Ukraine (Univ // Univ // USSR, occupied by Germany); 1945–1945 Poland (Krakow // Kracow // 20.0051,50.0602); 1946–1946 Austria (Linz); 1947–1947 Germany (Aalen // Aalen // American Occupation Zone of Germany // 10.1486,48.8306); 1948–1948 Germany (Munich // American Occupation Zone of Germany); 1949–1957 USA (New York); 1958–1960 USA (Boston); 1961–1961 USSR (Moscow); 1962–1964 USA (Boston); 1965–2020 US (Ithaca) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 (Development of the theory of chemical reactions)

Hall, Michael 06/12/1953 Puerto Rico (San Juan) medic.
Geobiography: 1953–1955 Puerto Rico (San Juan); 1956–1960 Peru (Lima); 1961–1965 Venezuela (Caracas); 1966–1970 USA (Boston); 1971–1975 US (Chapel Hill); 1976–1981 USA (Boston); 1982–1983 France (Paris); 1984–1986 USA (San Francisco); 1987–2050 Switzerland (Basel). 2014 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery of the MTOR target of the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin and its role in cell growth control)

Hoffman, Jules (Jules Hoffmann) 08/2/1941 Luxembourg (Echternach // Iechternach // Luxembourg (occupied by Germany) // 6.1383,49.4769) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1941–1944 Luxembourg (Echternach // Luxembourg (occupied by Germany); 1945–1947 Luxembourg (Echternach); 1948–1960 Luxembourg (Luxembourg // Luxemburg // 6.1848,49.6053 ); 1961–1972 France (Strasbourg ); 1973-1973 Germany (Marburg); 1974-2018 France (Strasbourg). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 (for work on the activation of innate immunity)

Hopfield, John (Hopfield, John)07/15/1933 USA (Chicago) physicist.
Geobiography: 1933–1950 USA (Chicago); 1951–1954 US (Swarthmore, Pennsylvania); 1955–1958 US (Ithaca); 1959–1960 US (Murray Hill); 1961–1963 US (Berkeley); 1964–1979 US (Princeton); 1980–1996 US (Pasadena); 1997–2050 USA (Princeton)Nobel Prize in Physics 2024
(For fundamental discoveries and inventions enabling machine learning using artificial neural networks)

Hopkins, Frederick 06/20/1861 Great. (Eastbourne) - 05/16/1947 Great. (Cambridge) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1861–1867 Great. (Eastbourne); 1868–1909 Great. (London); 1910–1947 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929 (Discovery of vitamins that stimulate growth of the body (A and D)

Hörmander, Lars (Hörmander, Lars) 01/24/1931 Sweden (Mjällby // Mjällby // 14.683333,56.05) - 11/25/2012 Sweden (Lund) mathematician
Geobiography: 1931–1945 Sweden (Mjällby); 1946–1952 Sweden (Lund); 1953–1953 Sweden (Stockholm); 1954–1955 Sweden (Lund); 1956–1962 Sweden (Stockholm); 1963–1963 US (Stanford); 1964–1967 US (Princeton); 1968–1983 Sweden (Lund); 1984–1985 Sweden (Stockholm); 1986–2012 Sweden (Lund). Fields Medal in Mathematics 1962 (for work on the theory of partial differential equations)

Houssay, Bernardo (Houssay, Bernardo) 10.04.1887 Argentina (Buenos Aires) - 09/21/1971 Argentina (Buenos Aires ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1887-1971 Argentina (Buenos Aires). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947 (Discovery of the role of pituitary hormones in carbohydrate metabolism)

Huber, Robert 02/20/1937 Germany (Munich) chemist
Geobiography: 1937–2020 Germany (Munich). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 (Determination of the three-dimensional structure of the photosynthetic reaction center in purple bacteria)

Huerta, Marina 1969 Argentina (Buenos Aires) physicist.
Geobiography: 1969-1995 Argentina ( Buenos Aires); 1996-2004 Argentina ( Bariloche); 2005-2005 USA (Princeton); 2006-2013 Argentina(Bariloche ); 2014-2014 USA (Princeton); 2015-2050 Argentina (Bariloche). New Horizons of Physics Award 2015 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity)

Huggins, Charles 09/22/1901 Canada (Halifax) - 01/12/1997 USA (Chicago) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1901–1916 Canada (Halifax); 1917–1920 Canada (Wolfville); 1921–1924 USA (Boston); 1925–1926 USA (Ann Arbor); 1927–1929 USA (Chicago); 1930–1930 Germany (Berlin); 1931–1997 USA (Chicago) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1966 (Discovery of oncogenic viruses and development of hormonal treatments for prostate cancer)

Hyman, Anthony 27.05.1962 Israel (Haifa) physician.
Geobiography: 1962–1969 Israel (Haifa); 1970–1986 Gr. Britain (London); 1987–1987 Gr. Britain ( Cambridge ); 1988–1992 US (San Francisco); 1993–1998 Germany (Heidelberg); 1999–2050 Germany (Dresden) 2023 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery of a fundamental mechanism of cellular organization mediated by the phase separation of proteins and RNA into membraneless liquid droplets)

Imbens, Guido (Imbens, Guido) 09/3/1963 Netherlands (Eindhoven) economist.
Geobiography: 1963–1980 Netherlands (Eindhoven); 1981–1983 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1984–1991 USA (Providence, Rhode Island); 1992–1996 USA (Boston); 1997–2001 USA (Los Angeles); 2002–2005 USA (Berkeley); 2006–2011 USA (Boston); 2012–2050 USA (Stanford). Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for methodological contributions to the analysis of cause and effect relationships)

Incandela, Joseph (Incandela, Joseph) 1956 USA (Chicago) physicist.
Geobiography: 1956–1985 USA (Chicago); 1986–1986 USA (Boston); 1987–1988 Switzerland (Geneva); 1989–1990 Italy (Milan); 1991–1999 USA (Chicago); 2000–2050 US (Santa Barbara) Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for a leading role in a scientific project that led to the discovery of a particle similar to the Higgs boson)

Ivanov, Mikhail 1989 Russia (Moscow // USSR) physicist
Geobiography: 1989-2014 Russia (Moscow); 2015-2018 Switzerland (Lausanne); 2019-2020 USA (New York); 2021-2022 USA (Princeton); 2023-2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For contributions to our understanding of the large-scale structure of the Universe and the development of new tools for extracting fundamental physics from galaxy surveys)

Iverson, Kenneth (Iverson, Kenneth) 12/17/1920 Canada (Camrose // Camrose // -112.833333,53.016667) - 10/19/2004 Kwnada (Toronto) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1920-1939 Canada (Camrose); 1940–1945 Canada (Ottawa); 1946–1950 Canada (Kingston // -76.5,44.233333); 1951–1959 USA (Boston); 1960–1979 USA (New York); 1980–2004 Kwnada (Toronto) Turing Award 1979 (Pioneering work in programming languages ​​and mathematical notation, APL programming language)

Ioffe, Abram Fedorovich (Ioffe, Abram) 10/17/1880 Ukraine (Romny // Russian Empire) - 10/14/1960 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1880–1896 Ukraine (Romny // Russian Empire); 1897–1902 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1903–1905 Germany (Munich); 1906–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR); 1922–1940 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1941–1943 Russia (Kazan // USSR); 1944–1960 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR). Founder of the Soviet physics school ("father of Soviet physics") (1942, laureate of the State Prize)

Jacob, François (François, Jacob) 06/17/1920 France (Nancy) - 04/19/2013 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1920-1926 France (Nancy); 1927–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1943 UK (London); 1944–2013 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 (Research on the genetic control of the synthesis of enzymes and viruses)

Jensen, Hans (Jensen, Hans) 06/25/1907 Germany (Hamburg) - 02/11/1973 Germany (Heidelberg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1907–1926 Germany (Hamburg); 1927–1927 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1928–1936 Germany (Hamburg); 1937–1948 Germany (Hannover); 1949–1973 Germany (Heidelberg) Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 (Discovery of the shell structure of the atomic nucleus)

Jerne, Niels 12/23/1911 Great. (London) - 7.10.1994 France (Castillon-du-Gard) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1911–1913 Great. (London); 1914–1928 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1929–1930 Netherlands (Leiden); 1931–1953 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1954–1955 USA (Pasadena); 1956–1961 Switzerland (Geneva); 1962–1965 USA (Pittsburgh); 1966–1968 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1969–1980 Switzerland (Basel); 1981–1982 France (Paris); 1983–1994 France (Castillon-du-Gard). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 (Development of the clonal selection theory of immunity)

Johnson, Michael 1985 USA (Los Angeles) physicist
Geobiography: 1985-2006 USA (Los Angeles); 2007-2012 USA (Santa Barbara); 2013-2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For elucidation of the substructure and universal characteristics of black hole photon rings, and for their detection using next-generation interferometric experiments)

Joliot-Curie, Irene (Joliot-Curie, Irène) 09/12/1897 France (Paris) - 03/17/1956 France (Paris) chemist.
Geobiography: 1897–1943 France (Paris); 1944–1945 Switzerland (Bern); 1946–1956 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935 (Synthesis of new radioactive elements)

Joliot-Curie Frederic (Joliot-Curie, Jean Frédéric) 03/19/1900 - 08/14/1958 France (Paris) - physicist.
Geobiography: 03/19/1900 - 08/14/1958 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935. Synthesis of new radioactive elements.

Jones, V. ( Vaughan Jones ) 12/31/1952 New Zealand ( Gisborne // Gisborne // 178.0736,-38.6688 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1952–1958 New Zealand (Gisborne); 1959–1967 New Zealand (Cambridge // Cambridge // 175.5217,-37.8912 ); 1968–1973 New Zealand (Auckland // Auckland // 174.74,-36.840556); 1974–1979 Switzerland (Geneva); 1980–1980 USA (Los Angeles); 1981–1984 USA (Philadelphia); 1985–2020 USA (Berkeley) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1990 (for work in functional analysis and knot theory)

Cachazo, Freddy 1973 Venezuela ( Caracas ) physicist
Geobiography: 1973–1996 Venezuela (Caracas); 1997–1997 Italy (Trieste); 1998–2001 USA (Boston); 2002–2004 USA (Princeton); 2005–2008 Canada (Waterloo); 2009–2010 USA (Princeton); 2011–2050 Canada (Waterloo). New Horizons Physics Prize 2014 (For the discovery of numerous structures underlying scattering amplitudes in gauge theories and gravity)

Kahneman, Daniel (Kahneman, Daniel) 03/5/1934 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (Brit.) Economist.
Geobiography: 1934–1934 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (Brit.); 1935–1945 France (Paris); 1946-1947 Israel (Jerusalem // Palestine (Brit.); 1948-1957 Israel (Jerusalem); 1958-1960 USA (Berkeley); 1961-1977 Israel (Jerusalem); 1978-1985 Canada (Vancouver); 1986–1992 US (Berkeley) 1993–2030 US (Princeton) Nobel Prize in Economics 2002 (for research in decision making and alternative market mechanisms)

Kam-Biu Luk (Kam-Biu Luk) 1953 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (brit.)) physic.
Geobiography: 1953–1975 China ( Hong Kong // Hong Kong (UK)); 1976–1983 USA (New Brunswick); 1984–1985 USA (Seattle); 1986–1988 USA (Chicago); 1989–2050 USA (Berkeley) Fundamental Physics Prize 2016 (for experiments on neutrino oscillations)

Kandel, Eric 11/7/1929 Austria (Vienna) physiologist
Geobiography: 1929–1938 Austria (Vienna); 1939–1943 USA (New York); 1944–1951 USA (Boston); 1952–1959 USA (New York); 1960–1961 USA (Boston); 1962–1962 France (Paris); 1963–1964 USA (Boston); 1965–2018 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000 (for the discovery of the role of proteins in the signaling mechanisms of the nervous system, which is important for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc.

Kantorovich, Leonid Vitalievich (Kantorovich, Leonid) 01/06/1912 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire) - 04/07/1986 Russia (Moscow // USSR) economist.
Geobiography: 1912–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // Soviet Russia); 1922–1941 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1942–1947 Russia (Yaroslavl // USSR); 1948–1959 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1960–1970 Russia (Novosibirsk // USSR); 1971–1983 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Nobel Prize in Economics 1975 (For contributions to the theory of the optimal allocation of resources)

Kao, Charles (Kao, Charles) 11/4/1933 China (Shanghai // Republic of China) physicist
Geobiography: 1933–1947 China (Shanghai // Republic of China); 1948–1951 China ( Hong Kong // Hong Kong // 114.2,22.3 // Hong Kong (UK)); 1952–1969 (London); 1970–1973 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (brit.)); 1974–1981 USA (Roanoke // Roanoke // -79.8867,37.2629); 1982–1986 USA (Shelton // Shelton // -73.138056,41.304167); 1987–1996 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (brit.)); 1997–2018 China (Hong Kong) Nobel Prize in Physics 2009 (for achievements concerning the transmission of light signals in fibers and the development of optical data transmission systems)

Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike (Kamerlingh Onnes, Heike) 09/21/1953 Netherlands (Groningen) - 02/21/1926 Netherlands (Leiden) physicist.
Geobiography: 1853–1870 Netherlands (Groningen); 1871–1872 Germany (Heidelberg); 1873–1877 Netherlands (Groningen); 1878–1881 Netherlands (Delft); 1882–1926 Netherlands (Leiden). Nobel Prize in Physics 1913 (Investigation of the properties of matter at low temperatures and the production of liquid helium)

Kahan, William 06/5/1933 Canada (Toronto) computer science
Geobiography: 1933–1957 Canada (Toronto); 1958–1959 Great (Cambridge); 1960–1967 Canada (Toronto); 1968–2018 USA (Berkeley) Turing Award 1989 (For fundamental contributions to numerical analysis. One of the first experts in floating point calculations)

Kahneman, Daniel (Kahneman, Daniel) 03/5/1934 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (Brit.) Economist.
Geobiography: 1934–1934 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (Brit.); 1935–1945 France (Paris); 1946-1947 Israel (Jerusalem // Palestine (Brit.); 1948-1957 Israel (Jerusalem); 1958-1960 USA (Berkeley); 1961-1977 Israel (Jerusalem); 1978-1985 Canada (Vancouver); 1986–1992 US (Berkeley) 1993–2030 US (Princeton) Nobel Prize in Economics 2002 (for research in decision making and alternative market mechanisms)

Kang-Kuen Ni 1983 physicist
Geobiography: 1983–2002 USA (Santa Barbara); 2003–2008 USA (Boulder); 2009–2010 USA (Pasadena); 20011–2012 USA (Boulder); 2013–2050 USA (Boston) New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For the development of optical tweezer arrays to implement single-atom control for applications in quantum information science, metrology and molecular physics)

Kantor, Georg (Georg Cantor) 02/19/1845 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire) - 01/6/1918 Germany (Halle) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1845–1855 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1856–1856 Germany (Wiesbaden // Nassau); 1857–1857 Germany (Frankfurt am Main // Free City of Frankfurt); 1858–1861 Germany (Darmstadt // Hesse); 1862–1862 Switzerland (Zurich); 1863–1868 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1869–1870 Germany (Halle // Prussia); 1871–1918 Germany (Halle). Sylvester Medal for Distinguished Service in Mathematics 1904

Kapitsa, Pyotr Leonidovich (Kapitsa, Pyotr) 07/08/1894 Russia (Kronstadt // Russian imp.) - 04/08/1984 Russia (Moscow) physicist.
Geobiography: 1894–1913 Russia (Kronstadt // Russian Empire); 1914–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian imp.); 1917–1920 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR); 1921–1933 Great (Cambridge); 1934–1934 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1935–1940 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1941–1942 Russia (Kazan // USSR); 1943–1984 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 (Fundamental discoveries in low temperature physics)

Karrer, Paul (Karrer Paul) 04/21/1889 Russia (Moscow / Russian Empire) - 06/18/1971 Switzerland (Zurich) chemist.
Geobiography: 1889–1891 Russia (Moscow / Russian Empire); 1892–1907 Switzerland (Lenzburg); 1908–1911 Switzerland (Zurich); 1912–1913 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1914–1914 Switzerland (Zurich); 1915–1918 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1919–1971 Switzerland (Zurich). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1937 for research on carbohydrates and vitamin C.

Karikó, Katalin 17.01.1955 Hungary (Szolnok) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1945–1951 Hungary (Szolnok); 1952–1972 Hungary (Kisuyszallas); 1973–1984 Hungary (Szeged); 1985–1987 USA (Philadelphia); 1988–1988 USA (Washington DC); 1989–2050 USA (Philadelphia) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023 (for discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that have enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19)

Kasliwal, Mansi 1988 India (Indore) physicist.
Geobiography: 1988–1998 India (Indore); 1999–1999 US (Pomfret); 2000–2000 US (Hafferford); 2001–2006 USA (New York); 2007–2050 USA (Pasadena) 2022 New Horizons in Physics Award (For leadership in laying the foundations for electromagnetic observations of gravitational wave sources and leadership in extracting rich information from the first observed collision of two neutron stars)

Kastler, Alfred (Kastler, Alfred) 05/3/1902 France (Guebwiller // Germany) - 01/7/1984 France (Bandol) physicist.
Geobiography: 1902–1911 France ( Guebwiller // Germany ); 1912–1917 France (Colmar // Germany); 1918–1920 France (Colmar); 1921–1925 France (Paris); 1926–1926 France (Mulhouse); 1927–1927 France (Colmar); 1928–1940 France (Bordeaux); 1941–1980 France (Paris); 1981–1984 France (Bandol). Nobel Prize in Physics 1966 (Creation of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms)

Katori, Hidetoshi 27.09.1964 Japan (Tokyo) physicist.
Geobiography: 1964–2050 Japan (Tokyo). Fundamental Physics Prize 2022 (For outstanding contributions to the invention and development of optical lattice clocks that allow precise testing of the fundamental laws of nature)

Katz, Bernard (Katz, Bernard) 03/26/1911 Germany (Leipzig) - 04/20/2003 Great. (London) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1911–1934 Germany (Leipzig); 1935–1938 Great (London); 1939–1945 Australia (Sydney); 1946–2003 Great (London); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970 (Discovery and study of neurotransmitters - chemicals involved in the transmission and blocking of nerve impulses)

Kaufman, Adam 1983 USA (Amherst) physicist
Geobiography: 1983–2008 USA (Amherst); 2009–2014 USA (Boulder); 2015–2016 USA (Boston); 2017–2050 USA (Boulder). New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For the development of optical tweezer arrays to implement single-atom control for applications in quantum information science, metrology and molecular physics)

Kelly, Jeffery 23.08.1960 USA (New York) physician.
Geobiography: 1960–1977 USA (New York); 1978–1985 US (Chapel Hill); 1986–1988 US (New York); 1989–1996 US (College Station); 1997–2050 USA (San Diego) 2022 Medical Breakthrough Award (for elucidating the molecular basis of neurodegenerative and cardiac transthyretin diseases, and for developing tafamidis, a drug that slows their progression)

Kendall, Edward 03/08/1886 USA (Norwalk) - 05/04/1972 USA (Princeton) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1886–1896 USA (Norwalk); 1897–1903 US (Stamford); 1904–1913 USA (New York); 1914–1920 US (Rochester); 1921–1951 US (Minneapolis); 1952–1972 USA (Princeton).Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 (Research on the structure, biological and therapeutic effects of hormones of the adrenal cortex)

Khorana, Har Gobind 01/09/1922 Pakistan (Raipur / India) - 11/9/2011 USA (Concord) - physiologist.
Geobiography: 1922-1932 Pakistan (Raipur / India); 1933–1945 Pakistan (Lahore/India); 1946–1947 Great (Liverpool); 1948–1948 Switzerland (Zurich); 1949–1949 India (New Delhi); 1950–1951 Great (Cambridge); 1952–1959 (Vancouver); 1960–1969 USA (Madison); 1970–2007 USA (Boston); 2008–2011 USA (Concord). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 (Deciphering the genetic code and its role in protein biosynthesis)

Kitaev, Alexey Yurievich (Kitaev, Alexei) 08/26/1963 Russia (Moscow//USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1963–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–1998 Russia (Moscow); 1999–2001 USA (Redmond, Washington); 2002–2050 US (Pasadena) Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for the theoretical hypothesis of introducing quantum memory and stable quantum computing using topological phases with unpaired Majorana modes)

Klein, Felix (Felix Klein) 04/25/1849 Germany (Düsseldorf // Prussia) - 06/22/1925 Germany (Göttingen) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1849–1865 Germany (Düsseldorf // Prussia); 1866–1868 Germany (Bonn // Prussia); 1869–1869 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1870–1871 France (Paris); 1872–1874 Germany (Erlangen); 1875–1879 Germany (Munich); 1880–1887 Germany (Leipzig); 1 –1925 Germany (Göttingen) Copley Medal for Excellence in Scientific Research 1912

Klenerman, David 9.09.1959 Gr. Britain (Cambridge) physician.
Geobiography: 1959–1983 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 1984–1986 US (Stanford); 1987–1993 Gr. Britain (London); 1994–2050 Gr. Britain (Cambridge). 2022 Medical Breakthrough Award (for developing a reliable and affordable method for DNA sequencing on a mass scale that has changed the practice of science and medicine)

Klitzing, Klaus von Klitzing 06/28/1943 Poland (Sroda Wielkopolska // Sroda Wielkopolska // 17.3381,52.2272 // Germany) physicist.
Geobiography: 1943–1944 Poland (Sroda Wielkopolska // Germany); 1945–1947 Germany (Lütten // Lutten // 8.343333,52.761389); 1948–1950 Germany (Oldenburg // Oldenburg // 8.2689,53.138); 1951–1957 Germany (Essen (Oldenburg) // Essen (Oldenburg) // 7.9956,52.7152); 1958–1961 Germany ( Quakenbrück // Quakenbrück // 8.0125,52.6713 ); 1962–1968 Germany (Braunschweig); 1969–1980 Germany (Würzburg); 1981–1984 Germany (Munich); 1985–2020 Germany (Stuttgart); Nobel Prize in Physics 1985 (Discovery of the "quantum Hall effect")

Klug, Aaron ( Klug, Aaron ) 11.08.1926 Lithuania ( Žalva ) Chemist
Geobiography: 1926–1927 Lithuania ( Žyalva ); 1928–1941 South Africa (Durban); 1942–1944 South Africa (Johannesurge // SA); 1945–1948 South Africa (Cape Town // SA); 1949–1952 Great (Cambridge); 1953–1961 Great (London); 1962–2018 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982 (Works on complex microscopy of crystals and the structure of nucleoprotein complexes)

Köhler, Georges (Georges Köhler) 04/17/1946 Germany (Munich) - 03/1/1995 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau) physiologist. Film Geobiography: 1946–1956 Germany (Munich); 1957–1964 Germany ( Kehl // Kehl // 7.8638,48.5647 ); 1965–1970 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1971–1973 Switzerland (Basel); 1974–1975 Great (Cambridge); 1976–1983 Switzerland (Basel); 1984–1995 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 (Development of biotechnology for the production of monoclonal antibodies formed by cell hybrids)

Kendrew, John ( Kendrew, John ) 03/24/1917 Great. ( Oxford ) - 08/23/1997 Great. (Cambridge) chemist.
Geobiography: 1917–1929 Great. (Oxford); 1930–1935 Great (Bristol); 1936–1939 Great (Cambridge); 1940–1945 Great (London); 1946–1974 Great (Cambridge); 1975–1981 Germany (Heidelberg); 1982–1997 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 (Establishment of the structure of globular proteins (myoglobin, hemoglobin) by X-ray diffraction analysis)

Ketterle, Wolfgang (Wolfgang Ketterle) 10/21/1957 Germany (Heidelberg / Germany) physicist.
Geobiography: 1957–1977 Germany (Heidelberg / Germany); 1978–1986 Germany (Munich/FRG); 1987–1989 Germany (Heidelberg/FRG); 1990–2020 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physics 2001 (For work on obtaining a Bose-Einstein condensate in rarefied gases. Research is applied in the field of high-precision measurements and nanotechnology, allows you to control the behavior of a laser beam and matter)

Khemani, Vedika 1988 India (Calcutta) physicist.
Geobiography: 1988–2005 India (Calcutta); 2006–2009 USA (Claremont); 2010–2016 USA (Princeton); 2017–2019 USA (Boston); 2020–2050 USA (Stanford). New Horizons in Physics Award 2022 (For pioneering theoretical work on the formulation of new phases of nonequilibrium quantum matter, including time crystals)

Killing, Wilhelm (Wilhelm Killing) 05/10/1847 Germany (Burbach // Prussia // Burbach // ) - 02/11/1923 Germany (Munster) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1847–1864 Germany ( Burbach // Prussia ); 1865–1870 Germany (Münster // Prussia); 1871–1877 Germany (Munster); 1878–1881 Germany ( Brilon // Brilon // ); 1882–1891 Poland (Braniewo // Germany // Braniewo ); 1892–1923 Germany (Münster) Prize named after N. I. Lobachevsky 1900

Koch, Robert (Koch, Robert) 12/11/1843 Germany (Clausthal-Zellerfeld // Hannover) - 05/27/1910 Germany (Baden-Baden // Baden-Baden) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1843–1861 Germany ( Clausthal-Zellerfeld // Hannover ); 1862–1865 Germany (Göttingen // Hannover); 1866–1867 Germany (Göttingen // Prussia); 1868–1870 Germany (Rackwitz // Kingdom of Saxony); 1871–1871 Germany (Rackwitz); 1872–1879 Poland (Wolsztyn // Germany); 1880–1909 Germany (Berlin); 1910–1910 Germany (Baden-Baden) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1905 (Discovery of the causative agent of tuberculosis ("Koch's wand"))

Kocher, Theodor (Kocher, Theodor) 08/25/1841 Switzerland (Bern) - 07/27/1917 Switzerland (Bern) physiologist. 1841–1864 Switzerland (Bern); 1865–1865 Switzerland (Zurich); 1866–1866 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1867–1867 Great. (London); 1868–1868 France (Paris); 1869–1917 Switzerland (Bern). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1909 (Research in Physiology, Pathology and Surgery of the Thyroid)

Kolmogorov, Andrei Nikolaevich (Andrey Kolmogorov) 04/25/1903 Russia (Tambov // Russian Empire // Tambov //) — 10/20/1987 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1903 –1903 Russia (Tambov // Russian Empire); 1904–1909 Russia (Yaroslavl // Russian Empire //); 1910–1916 Russia (Moscow // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR); 1922–1929 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1930–1930 Germany (Göttingen); 1931–1931 France (Paris); 1932–1987 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1980 for profound and original discoveries in Fourier analysis, probability theory, ergodic theory and dynamical systems. In 1994, the Russian Academy of Sciences established the A. N. Kolmogorov Prize

Komargodski, Zohar 03/10/1983 Ukraine (Chernivtsi // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1983–1989 Ukraine (Chernivtsi // USSR); 1990–2008 Israel (Rehovot); 2009–2010 USA (Princeton); 2011–2050 Israel (Rehovot). New Horizons Physics Award 2013 (For his work on the theory of field dynamics for the four-dimensional case. In particular, his proof (with Schwimmer) of the "A-theorem", which solved a long-standing problem, which leads to the emergence of new ideas)

Komargodski, Zohar (Komargodski, Zohar) 03/10/1983 Ukraine (Chernivtsi // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1983–1989 Ukraine (Chernivtsi // USSR); 1990–2008 Israel (Rehovot); 2009–2010 USA (Princeton); 2011–2050 Israel (Rehovot). New Horizons Physics Award 2013 (For his work on the theory of field dynamics for the four-dimensional case. In particular, his proof (with Schwimmer) of the "A-theorem", which solved a long-standing problem, which leads to the emergence of new ideas)

Koenigsberger, Leo (Leo Königsberger) 10/15/1837 Poland (Poznan // Prussia) - 12/15/1921 Germany (Heidelberg) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1837–1856 Poland (Poznan // Prussia); 1857–1864 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1865–1868 Germany (Greifswald // Prussia // Greifswald // 13.3832,54.0776); 1869–1870 Germany (Heidelberg // Baden); 1871–1874 Germany (Heidelberg); 1875–1876 Germany (Dresden); 1877–1883 ​​Germany (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1884–1921 Germany (Heidelberg) In 1902-1903 he wrote a three-volume biography of Hermann von Helmholtz, which became a classic.

Kontsevich, Maxim Lvovich (Maxim Kontsevich) 08/25/1964 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1964–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–1992 Germany (Bonn); 1993–1995 USA (Berkeley); 1996–2020 France (Paris) 1998 Fields Prize in Mathematics (for contributions to the solution of four problems in geometry)

Koopmans, Tjalling 08/27/1910 Netherlands (Graveland // 's-Graveland // 5.121111,52.244167) - 02/26/1985 USA (New Haven) economist.
Geobiography: 1910–1926 Netherlands (Graveland); 1927–1932 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1933–1934 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1935–1939 Netherlands (Leiden); 1940–1941 USA (Washington); 1942–1954 USA (Chicago); 1955–1985 USA (New Haven) Nobel Prize in Economics 1975 (For contributions to the theory of the optimal allocation of resources)

Cormack, Allan (Cormack, Allan) 02/23/1924 South Africa (Johannesburg // Johannesburg 28.045556, -26.204444 // South Africa) - 05/07/1998 USA (Winchester, Massachusetts) physiologist
Geobiography: 1924–1935 South Africa (Johannesburg); 1936–1945 South Africa (Cape Town // SA); 1946–1949 Great (Cambridge); 1950–1955 South Africa (Cape Town); 1956–1956 USA (Boston); 1957–1993 USA (Medford / Medford / -71.106667,42.418333); 1994–1998 USA (Winchester, Massachusetts). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1979 (Development of a method of tomography using a computer)

Koshiba, Masatoshi (Koshiba, Masatoshi) 09.19.1926 Japan (Toyohashi // Toyohashi // 137.4381,34.7504) – 11.12.2020 Japan (Tokyo) physicist
Geobiography: 1926–1943 Japan (Toyohashi); 1944–1950 Japan (Tokyo); 1951–1954 US (Rochester); 1955–1957 USA (Chicago); 1958–1958 Japan (Tokyo); 1959–1961 USA (Chicago); 1962–2020 Japan (Tokyo) Nobel Prize in Physics 2002 (for the discovery of cosmic neutrinos)

Kossel, Albrecht (Kossel, Albrecht) 09/16/1853 Germany (Rostock // Prussia) - 07/5/1927 Germany (Heidelberg) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1853–1870 Germany ( Rostock // Prussia ); 1871–1871 Germany (Rostock); 1872–1876 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1877–1878 Germany (Rostock); 1879–1882 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1883–1894 Germany (Berlin); 1895–1900 Germany (Marburg); 1901–1927 Germany (Heidelberg) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1910 (Studies in the chemistry of proteins and other cell macromolecules)

Krebs, Hans Adolf 08/25/1900 Germany (Hildesheim) - 11/22/1981 Great. (Oxford) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1900–1917 Germany (Hildesheim); 1918–1918 Germany (Göttingen); 1919–1922 Germany (Freiburg); 1923–1923 Germany (Munich); 1924–1924 Germany (Berlin); 1925–1925 Germany (Hamburg); 1926–1929 Germany (Berlin); 1930–1930 Germany (Hamburg); 1931–1933 Germany (Freiburg); 1934–1935 Great (Cambridge); 1936–1952 Great (Sheffield); 1953–1981 Great (Oxford). Nobel Prize in Physics 1953. (Discovery of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle)

Kreiner, Adrian (Krainer, Adrian) 09/14/1958 Uruguay (Montevideo) medic.
Geobiography: 1958–1975 Uruguay (Montevideo); 1976–1981 USA (New York); 1982–1985 USA (Boston); 1986–2050 USA (New York) 2019 Medical Breakthrough Award (for developing an effective antisense oligonucleotide therapy for children with the neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy)

Krein, Mark Grigoryevich (Krein, Mark) 04/3/1907 Ukraine (Kyiv // Russian Empire) - 10/17/1989 Ukraine (Odessa // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1907–1916 Ukraine (Kyiv // Russian Empire); 1917–1917 Ukraine (Kyiv // RSFSR); 1918–1919 Ukraine (Kyiv // Ukrainian People's Republic); 1920–1921 Ukraine (Kyiv // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1923 Ukraine (Kyiv // USSR); 1924–1939 Ukraine (Odessa // USSR); 1940–1940 Ukraine (Kyiv // USSR); 1941–1944 Russia (Samara // USSR); 1945–1989 Ukraine (Odessa // USSR). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1982 for fundamental contributions to functional analysis and its applications

Krogh, August (Krogh, August) 11/15/1874 Denmark (Greno) - 09/13/1949 Denmark (Copenhagen) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1874–1890 Denmark (Greno); 1891–1949 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1920 (Discovery of the mechanism of capillary circulation)

Krömer, Herbert (Krömer, Herbert) 08/25/1928 Germany (Weimar // Weimar // 11.3714,50.9709) — 8.03.2024 US (Santa Barbara) physicist
Geobiography: 1928–1946 Germany (Weimar); 1947–1947 Germany (Jena); 1948–1953 Germany (Göttingen); 1954–1958 USA (Princeton); 1959–1967 US (Palo Alto); 1968–1975 USA (Boulder); 1976–2024 US (Santa Barbara) Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 (For the discovery of semiconductor heterostructures)

Kuhn, Richard (Kuhn Richard Johann) 12/3/1900 Austria (Vienna) - 08/1/1967 Germany (Heidelberg) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1900–1918 Austria (Vienna); 1919–1924 Germany (Munich); 1925–1927 Germany (Zurich); 1928–1937 Germany (Heidelberg); 1938–1938 USA (Philadelphia); 1939-1944 Germany (Heidelberg); 1945-1952 USA (Philadelphia); 1953-1967 Germany (Munich). Nobel Prize (1938). (""for his work on carotenoids and vitamins"")

Kuznets, Simon (Kuznets, Simon) 04/30/1901 Belarus (Pinsk // Russian Empire) - 07/8/1985 USA (Boston) economist.
Geobiography: 1901–1908 Belarus (Pinsk // Russian Empire); 1909–1914 Ukraine (Rivne // Russian Empire); 1915–1916 Ukraine (Kharkov // Russian Empire); 1917–1918 Ukraine (Kharkov // RSFSR); 1919––1921 Ukraine (Kharkov // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1929 US (New York); 1930–1953 USA (Philadelphia); 1954–1959 USA (Baltimore); 1960–1985 USA (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Economics 1971 (For his empirically based interpretation of economic growth)

Kydland, Finn (Kydland, Finn) 12/1/1943 Norway (Olgor // Ålgård // 5.8525,58.763889) economist.
Geobiography: 1943–1960 Norway (Olgor); 1961–1967 Norway (Bergen); 1968–1972 USA (Pittsburgh); 1973–1977 Norway (Bergen); 1978–2003 USA (Pittsburgh); 2004–2030 US (Santa Barbara). Nobel Prize in Economics 2004 (for contributions to the study of the influence of time on economic policy and for research on the driving forces of business cycles)

L'Huillier, Anne (L'Huillier, Anne) 08/16/1958 France (Paris) physicist.
Geobiography: 1958–1993 France (Paris); 1994–2050 Sweden (Lund) Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 (for experimental methods generating attosecond pulses of light to study electron dynamics in nature)

Lafforgue, Vincent (Lafforgue, Vincent) 01/20/1974 France (Paris) mathematician. Film Geobiography: 1973–2050 France (Paris). 2019 Mathematics Breakthrough Award (For the contributions of tectonic scales to a number of areas of mathematics, notably through the Lengleds Program for Function Fields)

Lafforgue, Laurent ( Laurent Lafforgue ) 11/6/1966 France ( Paris ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1966–2020 France (Paris). Fields Prize in Mathematics 2002 (for a proof of the Langlands correspondence conjecture for a general linear group over a field of functions)

Landau, Lev Davidovich (Landau, Lev) 01/22/1908 Azerbaijan (Baku // Baku // Russian Empire //) - 04/1/1968 Russia (Moscow // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1908–1916 Azerbaijan (Baku // Russian Empire); 1917–1917 Azerbaijan (Baku // RSFSR); 1918–1919 Azerbaijan (Baku // Azerbaijan Democratic Republic); 1920–1921 Azerbaijan (Baku // Azerbaijan SSR); 1922–1923 Azerbaijan (Baku // USSR); 1924–1928 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1929–1929 Germany (Berlin); 1930–1930 UK (Cambridge); 1931–1931 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1932–1936 Ukraine (Kharkov // USSR); 1937–1940 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1941–1942 Russia (Kazan // USSR); 1943–1968 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Nobel Prize in Physics 1962 (Theory of condensed matter (especially liquid helium)

De Lange, Titia (de Lange, Titia) 11/11/1955 Netherlands (Rotterdam) medic.
Geobiography: 1955–1972 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1973–1983 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1984–1989 USA (San Francisco); 1990–2050 USA (New York) Medical Breakthrough Award 2013 (for work on telomeres)

Langlands, Robert (Robert Phelan Langlands) 10/6/1936 Canada (New Westminster // New Westminster) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1936-1944 Canada (New Westminster); 1945–1957 Canada (Vancouver); 1958–1959 USA (New Haven); 1960–1966 USA (Princeton); 1967–1967 Turkey (Ankara); 1968–1971 US (New Haven); 1972–2020 USA (Princeton) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1996 for his dazzling work and extraordinary insight into the fields of number theory, automorphic forms and group representation, Abel Prize in Mathematics 2018 for a predictive program linking representation theory with number theory

Landis, Evgenii Mikhailovich 10/6/1921 Ukraine (Kharkov // Ukrainian SSR) - 12/12/1997 Russia (Moscow) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1921–1921 Ukraine (Kharkov // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1938 Ukraine (Kharkov // USSR); 1939–1991 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1992–1997 Russia (Moscow) Together with G. Adelson-Velsky in 1962 he invented a data structure called the AVL tree

Landsteiner, Karl (Landsteiner, Karl) 06/14/1868 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary) - 06/26/1943 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1868–1890 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1891–1891 Germany (Würzburg); 1892–1892 Germany (Munich); 1893–1895 Switzerland (Zurich); 1896–1918 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1922 Netherlands (The Hague); 1923–1943 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930 (Discovery of human blood groups)

Laveran, Alphonse (Laveran, Alphonse) 06/18/1845 France (Paris) - 05/18/1922 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1845-1862 France (Paris); 1863–1869 France (Strasbourg); 1870–1870 France (Lille); 1871–1877 France (Paris); 1878–1883 ​​Algiers (Constantine // Algiers (fr.)); 1884–1893 France (Paris); 1894–1894 France (Lille); 1895–1895 France (Nantes/); 1896–1922 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1907 (Discovery of the pathogenic role of protozoa)

Le Gall, Jean-François ( Le Gall, Jean-François ) 11/15/1959 France ( Morlaix ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1959–1977 France ( Morlaix ); 1978–2020 France (Paris) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2019 for contributions to the theory of stochastic processes

LeCun, Yann (Yann LeCun) 06/8/1960 France (Paris) computer science. Film Geobiography: 1960-1986 France (Paris); 1987–1987 Canada (Toronto); 1988–2002 US (Murray Hill); 2003–2020 USA (New York) Turing Award in Computer Science 2018 (For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a cornerstone component in computing)

Leontiev, Vasily Vasilievich (Leontief, Wassily) 08/5/1905 Germany (Munich) - 02/5/1999 USA (New York) economist.
Geobiography: 1905–1905 Germany (Munich); 1906–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // Soviet Russia); 1922–1924 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1925–1926 Germany (Berlin); 1927–1928 Germany (Kiel); 1929–1929 China (Nanjing // Nanjing // 118.7636,32.0614 // Republic of China); 1930–1930 Germany (Kiel); 1931–1931 USA (New York); 1932–1974 USA (Boston); 1975–1999 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Economics 1973 (For the development of the input-output method and its application to important economic problems)

Leray, Jean (Leray, Jean) 11/7/1906 France (Nantes) - 11/10/1998 France (La Baule-Escoublac // La Baule-Escoublac // -2.4,47.2816) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1906-1925 France (Nantes); 1926–1935 France (Paris); 1936–1939 France (Nancy); 1940–1944 Austria (Edelbach // Germany // Edelbach // 15.312,48.6528); 1945–1978 France (Paris); 1979–1998 France (La-Baule-Escoublac). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1979 for pioneering work in the development and application of topological methods to the study of differential equations

Lee, Sophus ( Sophus Lie ) 12/17/1842 Norway ( Nordfjordeid // Sweden // Nordfjordeid // 5.991389,61.906111 ) - 02/18/1899 Norway ( Oslo // Sweden ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1842–1848 Norway ( Nordfjordeid // Sweden ); 1849–1856 Norway (Moss // Sweden // Moss // 10.666667,59.433333); 1857–1868 Norway (Oslo // Sweden); 1869–1869 Germany (Berlin // Prussia); 1870–1870 France (Paris); 1871–1885 Norway (Oslo // Sweden); 1886–1897 Germany (Leipzig); 1898–1899 Norway (Oslo // Sweden). Lobachevsky Prize 1897

L'Huillier, Anne 16.08.1958 France (Paris) physicist.
Geobiography: 1958–1993 France (Paris); 1994–2050 Sweden (Lund) Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 (for experimental methods generating attosecond pulses of light to study the dynamics of electrons in matter)

Libby, Willard (Libby, Willard) 12/17/1908 USA (Parachute) - 09/8/1980 USA (Los Angeles) chemist.
Geobiography: 1908–1912 USA (Parachute); 1913–1926 US (Santa Rosa); 1927–1944 US (Berkeley); 1945–1958 USA (Chicago); 1959–1980 US (Los Angeles) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1960 (Development of a dating method (determination of age) in archeology, geology, etc. using radiocarbon)

Lindahl, Tomas (Tomas Lindahl) 01/28/1938 Sweden (Stockholm) chemist. Film Geobiography: 1938–1963 Sweden (Stockholm); 1964–1967 USA (Princeton); 1968–1969 USA (New York); 1970–1976 Sweden (Stockholm); 1977–1980 Sweden (Gothenburg); 1981–2008 Great ( London ) ; 2009–2050 Great (Hartford //-0.0257,51.7908 // Hertford ) Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Aziz Sanjar and Paul Modric with the wording "for their study of DNA repair mechanisms"[2]

Linde, Andrei Dmitrievich ( Linde, Andrei ) 03/2/1948 Russia ( Moscow // USSR ) physicist
Geobiography: 1948–1988 Russia ( Moscow // USSR ); 1989–1989 Switzerland (Geneva); 1990–2050 USA (Stanford). Prize in Fundamental Physics 2012 (for the development of inflationary cosmology, including the theory of new inflation, infinite chaotic inflation and the theory of multiple universes, as well as for his contribution to the development of quantum stabilization mechanisms in string theory)

Lindemann, Ferdinand von (Ferdinand von Lindemann) 04/12/1852 Germany (Hannover // Hanover) - 03/6/1939 Germany (Munich) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1852–1853 Germany (Hannover // Hannover); 1854–1869 Germany (Schwerin // Mecklenburg-Schwerin // 11.4163,53.6273); 1870–1870 Germany (Göttingen // Prussia); 1871–1872 Germany (Göttingen // Prussia); 1873–1874 Germany (Erlangen); 1875–1875 Germany (Munich); 1876–1876 Germany (Würzburg); 1877–1882 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1883–1892 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1893–1939 Germany (Munich) Best known for proving the transcendence of pi in 1882

Levin, Michael (Levin, Michael) 1969 Russia (Moscow // USSR) physicist.
Geobiography: 1969–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–1999 Russia (Moscow); 2000–2007 USA (Boston); 2008–2009 US (Santa Barbara); 2010–2015 US (College Park); 2016–2050 USA (Chicago) New Horizons Physics Prize 2020 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity)

Logunov, Alexander (Logunov, Aleksandr) 12/5/1989 Russia (Perm // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1989–1991 Russia (Perm // USSR); 1992–2006 Russia (Perm); 2007–2015 Russia (St. Petersburg); 2016–2017 Israel (Tel Aviv); 2018–2050 US (Princeton) New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2021 (For a new technique for investigating solutions to elliptic equations, and its application to long-standing problems in nodal geometry)

Lorenz, Konrad (Lorenz, Konrad) 11/7/1903 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary) - 02/27/1989 Austria (Vienna) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1903–1921 Austria (Vienna); 1922–1922 USA (New York); 1923–1939 Austria (Vienna); 1940–1940 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1941–1943 Poland (Poznan // Germany); 1944–1945 Russia (Kirov/USSR); 1946–1947 Armenia (Yerevan // USSR); 1948–1949 Austria (Vienna); 1950–1952 Germany (Dülmen); 1953–1954 Germany (Munster); 1955–1973 Germany (Seewiesen); 1974–1989 Austria (Vienna) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 (Research in the field of individual and social behavior of animals)

Laue, Max von ( Laue, Max von ) 10/9/1879 Germany (Koblenz) — 04/24/1960 Germany (Berlin // West Berlin) physicist.
Geobiography: 1879–1897 Germany (Koblenz); 1898–1899 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1900–1901 Germany (Göttingen); 1902–1908 Germany (Berlin); 1909–1911 Germany (Munich); 1912–1913 Switzerland (Zurich); 1914–1918 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1919–1943 Germany (Berlin); 1944–1944 Germany (Hechingen); 1945–1945 Great (Cambridge); 1946–1947 Germany (Göttingen); 1948–1950 Germany (Braunschweig); 1951–1960 Germany (Berlin // West Berlin). Nobel Prize in Physics 1914 (Discovery of X-ray diffraction by crystals)

Langmuir, Irving (Langmuir, Irving) 01/31/1881 USA (New York) - 08/16/1957 USA (Falmouth) chemist.
Geobiography: 1881–1891 USA (New York); 1892–1895 France (Paris); 1896–1898 USA (Philadelphia); 1899–1903 USA (New York); 1904–1906 Germany (Göttingen); 1907–1908 USA (New York); 1909–1950 USA (Schenectady); 1951–1957 USA (Falmouth). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1932 (Discoveries and research in the chemistry of surface phenomena)

Lederman, Leon Max (Lederman, Leon Max) 07/15/1922 USA (New York) - 10/3/2018 USA (Rexberg) - physicist.
Geobiography: 1922–1943 USA (New York); 1944–1945 Belgium(Liège); 1946–1978 USA (New York); 1979–1988 USA (Batavia); 1989– USA (Chicago); – Nobel Prize in Physics 1988 (Proof of the existence of two types of neutrinos)

Lee, Yuan Tseh 11/19/1936 Taiwan (Hsinchu) chemist
Geobiography: 1936–1954 Taiwan (Hsinchu); 1955–1959 Taiwan (Taipei); 1960–1961 China (Beijing); 1962–1966 USA (Berkeley); 1967–1967 USA (Boston); 1968–1973 USA (Chicago); 1974–1995 USA (Berkeley); 1996–2050 Taiwan (Taipei); Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986 (Contribution to the study of the mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions)

Lehn, Jean-Marie ( Jean-Marie Lehn ) 09/30/1939 France ( Rosheim ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1939-1949 France (Rosheim); 1950–1956 France (Obernai // Obernai // 7.48,48.46); 1957–1962 France (Strasbourg); 1963–1963 USA (Boston); 1964–1978 France (Strasbourg); 1979–2020 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987 (for the development and application of molecules with highly selective structure-specific interactions)

Anthony James Leggett 26.03.1938 Great Britain (London) physicist
Geobiography: 1938–1952 Great (London); 1953–1963 Great (Oxford); 1964–1966 USA (Champaign); 1967-1967 Japan (Kyoto); 1968-1968 USA (Boston); 1969–1981 Great (Brighton); 1982–1982 USA (Ithaca); 1983–2006 US (Champaign); 2007–2013 Canada (Waterloo, Ontario); 2014–2020 USA (Champaign). Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 for his work in the field of superconductivity and superfluidity.

Leloir, Luis (Leloi, Luis ) 6.09.1906 France (Paris ) -2.12.1987 Argentina ( Buenos Aires ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1906-1907 France (Paris); 1908-1935 Argentina (Buenos Aires); 1936-1936 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1937-1942 Argentina ( Buenos Aires); 1943-1944 USA ( Seattle ); 1945-1945 USA (New York); 1946-1987 Argentina (Buenos Aires). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1970 (Discovery of the role of nucleotides in carbohydrate biosynthesis)

Ленард, Филипп ( Lenard, Philipp ) 7.06.1862 Словакия ( Братислава // Австрийская империя ) — 20.05.1947 Германия ( Лауда-Кёнигсхофен // Lauda-Königshofen // 9.703889,49.568611 ) физик.
Геобиография: 1862–1866 Словакия ( Братислава // Австрийская империя ); 1867–1879 Словакия ( Братислава // Австро-Венгрия ); 1880–1880 Австрия ( Вена // Австро-Венгрия); 1881–1881 Венгрия ( Будапешт // Австро-Венгрия); 1882–1882 Словакия ( Братислава // Австро-Венгрия); 1883–1890 Германия ( Гейдельберг ); 1891–1894 Германия ( Бонн ); 1895–1895 Польша ( Вроцлав // Германия ); 1896–1897 Германия ( Гейдельберг ); 1898–1906 Германия ( Киль ); 1907–1943 Германия ( Гейдельберг ); 1944–1947 Германия ( Лауда-Кёнигсхофен ). Нобелевская премия по физике 1905 (Исследование катодных лучей)

Leontiev, Vasily Vasilievich (Leontief, Wassily) 08/5/1905 Germany (Munich) - 02/5/1999 USA (New York) economist.
Geobiography: 1905–1905 Germany (Munich); 1906–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // Soviet Russia); 1922–1924 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1925–1926 Germany (Berlin); 1927–1928 Germany (Kiel); 1929–1929 China (Nanjing // Nanjing // 118.7636,32.0614 // Republic of China); 1930–1930 Germany (Kiel); 1931–1931 USA (New York); 1932–1974 USA (Boston); 1975–1999 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Economics 1973 (For the development of the input-output method and its application to important economic problems)

Levitt, Michael 9.05.1947 South Africa (Pretoria // Union of South Africa) chemist.
Geobiography: 1947-1960 South Africa (Pretoria // Union of South Africa); 1961-1962 South Africa (Pretoria); 1963-1966 Great. ( London ); 1967-1967 Israel ( Tel Aviv ); 1968-1971 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1972-1973 Israel ( Tel Aviv ); 1974-1978 Great. (Cambridge); 1979-1986 Israel (Tel Aviv ); 1987-2020 USA (Stanford). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2013 (For creating multilevel models of complex chemical systems)

Levi-Montalcini, Rita (Levi-Montalcini, Rita) 04/22/1909 Italy (Turin) - 12/30/2012 Italy (Rome) physiologist. Film Geobiography: 1909–1938 Italy (Turin); 1939–1940 Belgium (Brussels); 1941–1942 Italy (Turin); 1943–1945 Italy (Florenzi); 1946–1946 Italy (Turin); 1947–1977 USA (St. Louis); 1978–2012 Italy (Rome). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986 (Discovery and study of growth factors of cells and organs

Lewy, Hans (Lewy, Hans) 10/20/1904 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany) - 08/23/1988 USA (Berkeley) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1904–1921 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1922–1932 Germany (Göttingen); 1933–1934 USA (Providence); 1935–1951 USA (Berkeley); 1952–1952 USA (Boston); 1953–1953 USA (Stanford); 1954–1972 USA (Berkeley); 1973–1974 USA (Minneapolis); 1975–1988 USA (Berkeley). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1984/85 for initiating many of the now classic and well-known researches in the field of partial differential equations

Liang Fu 1985 China ( Zhenjiang // Zhenjiang // 119.424,32.188 ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1985–1991 China (Zhenjiang); 1992–1999 China ( Suzhou // Suzhou // 120.5853,31.2998 ); 2000–2004 China (Hefei); 2005–2008 USA (Philadelphia); 2009–2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons Physics Award 2016 (For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially with regard to the use of topology to understand new states of matter)

Lippmann, Gabriel (Lippmann, Gabriel) 08/16/1845 Luxembourg (Luxembourg // Netherlands // Luxembourg) - 07/13/1921 France ( Le Havre // Le Havre // 0.1,49.49) physicist.
Geobiography: 1845–1847 Luxembourg ( Luxembourg // Netherlands ); 1848–1871 France (Paris); 1872–1873 Germany (Heidelberg); 1874–1874 Germany (Berlin); 1875–1820 France (Paris); 1821–1821 France (Le Havre). Nobel Prize in Physics 1908 (Discovery of color photography).

Lebesgue, Henri (Lebesgue, Henri) 06.28.1875 France (Beauvais // Beauvais // 2.0953,49.4237) - 07.26.1941 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1875–1885 France (Beauvais); 1886–1898 France (Paris); 1899–1901 France (Nancy); 1902–1902 France (Rennes); 1903–1905 France (Paris); 1906–1909 France (Poitiers // Poitiers // 0.3361.46.5751); 1910–1941 France (Paris). Poncelet Prize 1914

Lindenstrauss, Elon ( Elon Lindenstrauss ) 1.08.1970 Israel ( Jerusalem ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1970–2000 Israel (Jerusalem); 2001–2001 USA (Princeton); 2002–2002 USA (Stanford); 2003–2004 USA (Peterborough // Peterborough // -71.951667,42.870556); 2005–2008 USA (Princeton); 2009–2020 Israel (Jerusalem). Fields Prize in Mathematics 2010 (for results on rigidity with respect to measures in ergodic theory and for their application to number theory)

Lipman, Fritz (Lipmann, Fritz) 06/12/1899 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany) - 07/24/1986 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1899–1916 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1917–1918 Germany (Munich); 1919–1924 Germany (Berlin); 1925–1925 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1926–1926 Germany (Berlin); 1927–1931 Germany (Heidelberg); 1932–1938 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1939–1940 USA (New York); 1941–1956 USA (Boston); 1957–1986 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953 (Discovery of coenzyme A and its role in metabolism)

List, Benjamin (List, Benjamin) 01/11/1968 Germany (Frankfurt am Main // FRG) chemist.
Geobiography: 1968–1985 Germany (Frankfurt am Main // FRG); 1986–1989 Germany (Berlin // West Berlin); 1990–1993 Germany (Berlin); 1994–1998 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1999–2002 USA (San Diego); 2003–2050 Germany (Mülheim an der Ruhr). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 (For new methods of synthesis of molecules)

Logunov, Alexander (Logunov, Aleksandr) 12/5/1989 Russia (Perm // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1989–1991 Russia (Perm // USSR); 1992–2006 Russia (Perm); 2007–2015 Russia (St. Petersburg); 2016–2017 Israel (Tel Aviv); 2018–2050 US (Princeton) New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2021 (For a new technique for investigating solutions to elliptic equations, and its application to long-standing problems in nodal geometry)

Lorentz, Hendrik (Lorentz, Hendrik) 07/18/1953 Netherlands (Arnhem) - 02/4/1928 Netherlands (Harlem) physicist.
Geobiography: 1853–1869 Netherlands (Arnhem); 1870–1872 Netherlands (Leiden); 1873–1877 Netherlands (Arnhem); 1878–1911 Netherlands (Leiden); 1912–1928 Netherlands (Harlem). Nobel Prize in Physics 1902 (Investigation of the splitting of the spectral lines of radiation of atoms when a radiation source is placed in a magnetic field). Lorentz force, Lorentz - Lorentz formula.

Loewi, Otto (Loewi, Otto) 06/3/1873 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) - 12/25/1961 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1873–1890 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1891–1896 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1897–1897 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1898–1903 Germany (Marburg); 1904–1908 Austria (Vienna); 1909–1937 Austria (Graz); 1938–1938 Austria (Graz // Germany); 1939–1939 Great. (Oxford); 1940–1961 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936 (Studies on the chemical nature of nerve impulse transmission)

Lovas, Laszlo (Lovász, László) 03/9/1948 Hungary (Budapest) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1948–1974 Hungary (Budapest); 1975–1981 Hungary (Szeged // Szeged // 20.145,46.255); 1982–1986 Hungary (Budapest); 1987–1992 USA (Princeton); 1993–1998 US (New Haven); 1999–2005 USA (Mountain View); 2006–2020 Hungary (Budapest). 1999 Wolf Prize in Mathematics for outstanding contributions to combinatorics, theoretical computer science, and combinatorial optimization. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2021 for fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics and a leading role in their emergence as the central focus of modern mathematics

Lucas, Robert (Lucas, Robert) 09/15/1937 USA (Yakima, Washington // Yakima // -120.5077,46.5945) – 05/15/2023 USA (Chicago) economist.
Geobiography: 1937–1954 USA (Yakima); 1955–1963 USA (Chicago); 1964–1974 US (Pittsburgh); 1975–2023 USA (Chicago). Nobel Prize in Economics 1995 (for the development and application of the rational expectations hypothesis, the transformation of macroeconomic analysis and the advancement of understanding of economic policy)

Lupsasca, Alexandru 1985 USA (Boston) physicist
Geobiography: 1985-2019 USA (Boston); 2020-2021 USA (Princeton); 2022-2050 USA (Nashville). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For elucidation of the substructure and universal characteristics of black hole photon rings, and for their detection using next-generation interferometric experiments)

Luria, Salvador (Luria, Salvador) 08/13/1912 Italy (Turin) - 02/6/1991 USA (Lexington) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1912-1935 Italy ( Turin ); 1936–1937 Italy (Rome); 1938–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1942 USA (New York); 1943–1949 USA (Bloomington); 1950–1958 USA (Champaign); 1959–1990 USA (Boston); 1991–1991 USA (Lexington). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969 (Research in the field of viral reproduction and genetics of viruses and bacteria)

Lvov, Andre ( Lwoff, André ) 05/08/1902 France ( Ainay-le-Château // Ainay-le-Château // 2.693333,46.711944 ) - 09/30/1994 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1902–1908 France (Aisne-le-Château); 1909–1931 France (Paris); 1932–1933 Germany (Heidelberg); 1934–1935 France (Paris); 1936–1937 Great (Cambridge); 1938–1994 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 (Research on the genetic control of the synthesis of enzymes and viruses)

Linen, Feodor (Lynen, Feodor) 04/06/1911 Germany (Munich) - 08/6/1979 Germany (Munich) physiologist. Film Geobiography: 1911–1979 Germany (Munich). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964 (Discovery in the field of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism

Lyapunov, Alexander Mikhailovich 05/25/1857 Russia (Yaroslavl // Russian Empire // Yaroslavl // 39.85,57.6115) - 11/3/1918 Ukraine (Odessa // Ukrainian People's Republic) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1857–1869 Russia (Yaroslavl // Russian Empire); 1870–1875 Russia (Nizhny Novgorod // Russian Empire); 1876–1884 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1885–1901 Ukraine (Kharkov // Russian Empire); 1902–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1917 Ukraine (Odessa // RSFSR); 1918–1918 Ukraine (Odessa // Ukrainian People's Republic). Academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences since 1901. Creation of a theory of stability of equilibrium and motion of mechanical systems.

MacDiarmid, Alan (MacDiarmid, Alan) 04/14/1927 New Zealand (Masterton 175.658333,-40.952778) - 02/7/2007 USA (Philadelphia) chemist
Geobiography: 1927–1930 New Zealand (Masterton); 1931–1950 New Zealand (Wellington // Wellington // 174.8321,-41.3039); 1951–1952 USA (Madison); 1953–1954 Great (Cambridge); 1955–1955 Great (St. Andrews); 1956–2007 USA (Philadelphia) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 (For the discovery of electrically conductive polymers used in electronic devices (displays), the production of film and video film, "chameleon" glasses, etc.)

Macleod, John 09/06/1876 Great. (Cluny) - 03/16/1935 Great. (Aberdeen) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1876–1882 Great. (Cluny); 1883–1898 Great. (Aberdeen); 1899–1899 Germany (Leipzig); 1900–1901 Great (London); 1902–1917 USA (Cleveland); 1918–1927 Canada (Toronto); 1928–1935 Great (Aberdeen). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923 (Discovery of insulin)

Mayer, Pascal 14.07.1963 France (Saint-Avold) medic.
Geobiography: 1963–1982 France (Saint-Avold); 1983–1990 France (Strasbourg); 1991–1993 Canada (Ottawa); 1994–1995 France (Paris); 1996–2013 Switzerland (Geneva); 2014–2050 France (Rome). 2022 Medical Breakthrough Award (for developing a reliable and affordable method for DNA sequencing on a mass scale that has changed the practice of science and medicine)

Maldacena, Juan 09/10/1968 Argentina (Buenos Aires ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1968-1987 Argentina (Buenos Aires); 1988-1991 Argentina (Bariloche); 1992-1995 USA (Princeton ); 1996-1996 USA (New Brunswick); 1997-2000 USA (Boston); 2001-2050 USA (Princeton). Prize in Fundamental Physics 2012 (for the development of a theory linking gravitational physics in space-time with quantum field theory at the boundaries of space-time. This connection shows that black holes and quantum mechanics are compatible, solving the paradox of information disappearing in a black hole)

Man-Yee Lee, Virginia (Man-Yee Lee, Virginia) 1945 China (Chongqing) physician.
Geobiography: 1945–1949 China (Chongqing); 1950–1961 China ( Hong Kong // Hong Kong (UK)); 1962–1972 Great Britain (London); 1973–1973 USA (San Francisco); 1974–1978 USA (Boston); 1979–2050 USA (Philadelphia) 2020 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery of TDP43 protein aggregates in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and for the discovery that different forms of alpha-synuclein in different cell types underlie Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy)

Manin, Yuri Ivanovich (Yuri Manin) 02/16/1937 Russia (Simferopol // USSR) – 7.01.2023 Germany (Bonn) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1937–1940 Russia (Simferopol // USSR); 1941–1941 Russia (Makhachkala // USSR // 47.4999,42.976 // Makhachkala); 1942–1942 Turkmenistan (Turkmenabat // USSR // 63.5664,39.0922 // Türkmenabat); 1943–1944 Uzbekistan (Gulistan // USSR // 68.7832,40.4757 // Guliston); 1945–1952 Russia (Simferopol // USSR); 1953–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–1991 Russia (Moscow); 1992–1992 USA (Boston); 1993–2023 Germany (Bonn) Bolyai Prize 2010

Marconi, Guglielmo (Marconi, Guglielmo) 04/25/1874 Italy (Bologna) - 07/20/1937 Italy (Rome) physicist.
Geobiography: 1874–1878 Italy (Bologna); 1879–1881 Great. (Bedford); 1882–1887 Italy (Bologna); 1 –1891 Italy (Florence); 1892–1893 Italy (Livorno); 1894–1895 Italy (Bologna); 1896–1912 Great (London); 1913–1937 Italy (Rome). Nobel Prize in Physics 1908 (Works in the field of wireless telegraphy)

Marcus, Rudolph Arthur 07/21/1923 Canada (Montreal) chemist.
Geobiography: 1923–1945 Canada (Montreal); 1946–1951 USA (New York); 1952–1963 USA (Chapel Hill); 1964–1988 USA (Champaign); 1989–2050 USA (Pasadena); Nobel Prize for Chemist 1992 (Research on the movement of electrons in chemical systems.)

van der Marel, Nienke 2.02.1986 Netherlands (Groningen) physicist
Geobiography: 1986–2003 Netherlands (Groningen); 2004–2014 Netherlands (Leiden); 2015–2016 USA (Honolulu); 2017–2020 Canada (Victoria); 1921–2050 Netherlands (Leiden). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For the prediction, discovery and modeling of dust traps in young circumstellar disks, solving the long-standing problem of planet formation)

Margulis, Grigory Alexandrovich (Grigory Margulis) 02/24/1946 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1946–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2020 US (New Haven) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1978 for the theory of lattices in semisimple Lie groups. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2005 for his significant contributions to algebra, in particular to the theory of lattices in semisimple Lie groups, and for his outstanding applications in er_ic theory, representation theory, number theory, combinatorics and measure theory. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2020 (pioneer of the application of probabilistic and dynamical methods in group theory, number theory and combinatorics)

Margutti, Raffaella 1984 Italy (Milan) physicist.
Geobiography: 1984–2010 Italy (Milan); 2011–2014 USA (Boston); 2015–2015 USA (New York); 2016–2020 USA (Evanston); 2021–2050 USA (Berkeley). 2022 New Horizons in Physics Award (For leadership in laying the foundations for electromagnetic observations of gravitational wave sources and leadership in extracting rich information from the first observed collision of two neutron stars)

Markov, Andrey Andreevich (senior) (Andrey Markov) 06/14/1856 Russia (Ryazan // Russian Empire //) - 07/20/1922 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1856–1865 Russia (Ryazan); 1866–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1922 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR). In 1880, he defended his famous master's thesis “On binary quadratic forms of the positive determinant,” which immediately put him in the forefront of Russian mathematicians. The Markov Prize is a Soviet and Russian mathematical prize, awarded for outstanding results in the field of mathematics (since 1971) who have made major contributions to probability theory, mathematical analysis and number theory

Marshall, Barry (Barry Marshall) 09/30/1951 Australia (Kalgoorlie // Kalgoorlie // 121.5211,-30.7575) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1951–1952 Australia (Kalgoorlie); 1953–1955 Australia (Carnarvon // Carnarvon // 113.716,-24.8762); 1956–1957 Australia (Kalgoorlie); 1958–1985 Australia (Perth // Perth // 115.9135,-31.9613 ); 1986–1995 USA (Charlottesville); 1996–2020 Australia (Perth) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005 (for the discovery of the bacterium that causes gastritis and stomach ulcers)

Martin, Archer ( Martin, Archer ) 1.03.1910 Great. ( London ) - 28.07.2002 Great. ( Langaron // Llangarron // -2.6846 ,51.887 ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1910–1920 Great. ( London ); 1921–1928 Great. ( Bedford ); 1929–1937 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1938–1945 Great. ( Leeds ); 1946–1947 Great. ( Nottingham ); 1948–1956 Great. ( London ); 1957–1973 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1974–1983 USA ( Houston ); 1984–2001 Great. (Cambridge); 2002–2002 Great. (Langaron). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1952 (Discovery of the method of partition chromatography, development of the theory of chromatographic processes)

Matomäki, Kaisa (Matomäki, Kaisa) 04/30/1985 Finland (Nakkila // Nakkila) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1985–1996 Finland ( Nakkila // Nakkila ); 1997–2002 Finland (Valkeakoski // Valkeakoski); 2003–2007 Finland (Turku); 2008–2009 Great (London); 2010–2050 Finland (Turku). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2019 (for a fundamental breakthrough in understanding local correlations of values ​​of multiplicative functions)

Maynard, James 010.06.1987 Great Britain (Chelmsford) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1987–2004 Great Britain (Chelmsford); 2005–2008 Great Britain (Cambridge); 2009–2012 Great Britain (Oxford); 2013–2013 Canada (Montreal); 2014–2050 Great Britain (Oxford). Fields Medal in Mathematics 2022 (For contributions to analytic number theory, which have led to major advances in the understanding of the structure of prime numbers and in Diophantine approximation). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2023 (For multiple contributions to analytic number theory, in particular to the distribution of prime numbers)

McClintock, Barbara (McClintock, Barbara) 06/16/1902 USA (Hartford) - 09/2/1992 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1902–1904 USA (Hartford); 1905–1907 USA (Boston); 1908–1918 USA (New York); 1919–1932 USA (Ithaca); 1933–1933 Germany (Berlin); 1934–1935 USA (Ithaca); 1936–1940 USA (Columbia); 1941–1992 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1983 (Discovery of mobile genetic elements)

Mechnikov, Ilya Ilyich (Metchnikoff, Elie) 05/3/1845 Ukraine (Mechnikovo // Russian Empire) - 07/2/1915 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1845–1855 Ukraine ( Mechnikovo // Russian Empire ); 1856–1863 Ukraine (Kharkov // Russian Empire); 1864–1864 Germany (Giessen // Hesse); 1865–1865 Germany (Würzburg // Bavaria); 1866–1866 Germany (Munich // Bavaria); 1867–1867 Ukraine (Odessa // Russian Empire); 1868–1871 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1872–1886 Ukraine (Odessa // Russian Empire); 1887–1915 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1908 (Works on the study of the mechanisms of immunity)

Metcalfe, Robert 7.04.1946 USA (New York) computer science.
Geobiography: 1946–1963 USA (New York); 1964–1971 USA (Boston); 1972–1978 US (Palo Alto); 1979–2010 USA (Boston); 2011–2021 USA (Austin); 2022–2050 USA (Boston). Turing Award 2022 (For the invention, standardization and commercialization of Ethernet networks)

Meyer, Paul-Andre 21.08.1934 France (Paris) - 30.01.2003 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1934-1939 France (Paris); 1940-1945 Argentina (Buenos Aires); 1946-1960 France ( Paris); 1961-2003 France (Strasbourg). The most cited article Probabilities and Potential B. - 1983

Meyerhof, Otto Fritz (Meyerhof, Otto Fritz) (04/12/1884 Germany (Hanover) - 10/6/1951 USA (Philadelphia) biochemist.
Geobiography: 1884–1887 Germany (Hannover); 1 –1904 Germany (Berlin); 1905 -1905 Germany (Strasbourg); 1906-1906 Germany (Göttingen); 1907-1907 Germany (Freiburg); 1908-1911 Germany (Heidelberg); 1912-1923 Germany (Kiel); 1924-1934 Germany (Berlin); 1935-1937 Germany (Heidelberg) 1938-1939 France (Paris) 1940-1951 USA (Philadelphia) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922 Discovery of the relationship between oxygen consumption by muscles and the formation of lactic acid in them

Millikan, Robert (Millikan, Robert) 03/22/1868 USA (Morrison) - 12/19/1953 USA (Pasadena) physicist.
Geobiography: 1868–1885 USA (Morrison); 1886–1891 USA (Oberlin); 1892–1894 USA (New York); 1895–1895 Germany (Göttingen); 1896–1920 USA (Chicago); 1921–1953 USA (Pasadena) Nobel Prize in Physics 1923 (Works on the determination of the elementary electric charge and the photoelectric effect)

Milstein, Cesar 8.10.1927 Argentina (Bahia Blanca — 03/24/2002 Great. ( Cambridge ) physiologist Geobiography: 1927-1943 Argentina ( Bahia Blanca); 1944-1957 Argentina ( Buenos Aires); 1958-1960 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1961-1961 Argentina ( Buenos Aires ); 1962-2002 Great. (Cambridge ). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 (Development of biotechnology for the production of monoclonal antibodies formed by cell hybrids)

Maryam Mirzakhani 05/3/1977 Iran (Tehran) - 07/15/2017 USA (Stanford) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1977–1998 Iran (Tehran); 1999–2003 USA (Boston); 2004–2008 USA (Princeton); 2009–2017 USA (Stanford). Fields Prize in Mathematics 2014 (for outstanding contributions to the dynamics and geometry of Riemann surfaces and to the theory of their moduli spaces)

Meade, James (Meade, James) 23.06.1907 Great. (Swanage) - 22.12.1995 Great. (Cambridge) economist.
Geobiography: 1907–1910 Great. (Swanage); 1911–1916 Great. (Bath); 1917–1920 Great. (Winkfield); 1921–1936 Great. (Oxford); 1937–1939 Switzerland (Geneva); 1940–1956 Great. (London); 1957–1969 Great. (Cambridge); 1970–1995 Great. (London). Nobel Prize in Economics 1977 (for pioneering contributions to the theory of international trade and international capital flows)

van der Meer, Simon 11/24/1925 The Netherlands (The Hague) — 03/4/2011 Switzerland (Geneva) physicist
Geobiography: 1925–1942 The Netherlands (The Hague); 1943–1951 Netherlands (Delft); 1952–1955 Netherlands (Eindhoven); 1956–2011 Switzerland (Geneva). Nobel Prize in Physics 1984 (Contribution to research in high energy physics and to the theory of elementary particles [discovery of intermediate vector bosons])

Müller, Paul (Müller, Paul) 01/12/1899 Switzerland (Olten) - 10/12/1965 Switzerland (Basel) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1899–1900 Switzerland (Olten); 1901–1903 Switzerland (Lenzburg); 1904–1965 Switzerland (Basel). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1948 (Synthesis and research into the pesticide properties of DDT)

Murphy, Emmy (Murphy, Emmy) 1985 USA (Reno, Nevada) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1985–2006 USA (Reno, Nevada); 2007–2011 USA (Stanford); 2012–2015 USA (Boston); 2016–2050 USA (Evanston). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2020 (for contributions to symplectic and contact geometry, in particular introducing the concepts of weakly coupled Legendrian submanifolds (with Matthew Borman and Jacob Eliashberg), twisted contact structures in higher dimensions)

Micali, Silvio (Silvio Micali) 10/13/1954 Italy (Palermo) computer scientist.
Geobiography: 1954-1960 Italy (Palermo); 1961–1977 Italy (Rome); 1978–1983 USA (Berkeley); 1984–1984 Canada (Toronto); 1985–2020 USA (Boston) Turing Prize in Computer Science 2012 (for pioneering work on probabilistic encryption (including the first probabilistic public-key cryptosystem) and work on the application of zero-knowledge proofs in cryptographic protocols)

Michel, Hartmut ( Hartmut Michel ) 07/18/1948 Germany ( Ludwigsburg // Ludwigsburg // 9.2467,48.891 ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1948–1968 Germany (Ludwigsburg); 1969–1974 Germany (Tübingen); 1975–1976 Germany (Munich); 1977–1978 Germany (Würzburg); 1979–1986 Germany (Munich); 1987–2020 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1988 (Determination of the three-dimensional structure of the photosynthetic reaction center in purple bacteria)

Michelson, Albert ( Michelson, Albert ) 12/19/1852 Poland ( Strzelno // Prussia ) - 05/09/1931 USA ( Pasadena ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1852–1854 Poland ( Strzelno // Prussia ); 1855–1856 USA (New York); 1857–1857 USA (Murphys); 1858–1858 USA (Virginia City // ); 1859–1868 USA (San Francisco); 1869–1878 USA (Annapolis); 1879–1879 USA (Washington // Washington); 1880–1880 Germany (Berlin); 1881–1881 Germany (Heidelberg); 1882–1882 France (Paris); 1883–1 USA (Cleveland); 1889–1891 USA (Worcester); 1892–1930 USA (Chicago); 1931–1931 USA (Pasadena) Nobel Prize in Physics 1907 (Creation of high-precision optical instruments)

Mignot, Emmanuel 1959 France (Paris) medic.
Geobiography: 1959–1992 France (Paris); 1993–2050 USA (Stanford) 2023 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery that narcolepsy is caused by the loss of a small population of brain cells that produce a substance that promotes wakefulness, paving the way for the development of new treatments for sleep disorders)

Minkowski, Herman (Hermann Minkowski) 06/22/1864 Lithuania (Kaunas // Russian Empire // Kaunas // 23.9332,54.8943) - 01/12/1909 Germany (Göttingen) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1864–1871 Lithuania (Kaunas // Russian Empire); 1872–1883 ​​Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1884–1885 Germany (Berlin); 1886–1886 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1887–1894 Germany (Bonn); 1895–1895 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1896–1901 Switzerland (Zurich); 1902–1909 Germany (Göttingen) Main Prize of the Mathematical Sciences of the French Academy 1882

Minot George Richards 12/2/1885 USA (Boston) - 02/25/1950 USA (Boston) physicist.
Geobiography: 1885–1912 USA (Boston); 1913–1916 USA (Baltimore); 1917–1950 USA (Boston); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934. Discovery of a method for treating anemia with drugs obtained from the liver

Modigliani, Franco (Modigliani, Franco) 06/18/1918 Italy (Rome) - 09/25/2003 USA (Boston) economist.
Geobiography: 1918–1938 Italy (Rome); 1939–1947 USA (New York); 1948–1951 USA (Champaign); 1952–1961 USA (Pittsburgh); 1962–2003 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Economics 1985 (for his analysis of people's savings behavior, which is of exceptional practical importance in the creation of national pension programs)

Moissan, Henri (Moissan, Henri) 09/28/1852 France (Paris) - 02/20/1907 France (Paris) chemist.
Geobiography: 1852-1863 France (Paris); 1864–1870 France (Mo); 1871–1907 France (Paris) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1906 Obtaining chemically pure fluorine, creation of an electric arc furnace named after him)

Mössbauer, Rudolf (Moessbauer, Rudolf) 01/31/1929 Germany (Munich) - 09/14/2011 Germany (Munich) physicist
Geobiography: 1929–1954 Germany (Munich); 1955–1957 Germany (Heidelberg); 1958–1959 Germany (Munich); 1960–1964 USA (Pasadena); 1965–1971 Germany (Munich); 1972–1976 France (Grenoble); 1977–2011 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Physics 1961 (Research and discovery of resonant absorption of gamma radiation in solids (Mössbauer effect)"

Molenkamp, ​​Laurens 08/4/1956 Netherlands (Garrelsweer // Garrelsweer // 6.781111, 53.322222) physicist.
Geobiography: 1956–1973 Netherlands (Garrelsweer); 1974–1984 Netherlands (Groningen); 1985–1993 Netherlands (Eindhoven); 1994–1998 Germany (Aachen); 1999–2050 Germany (Würzburg) Physics Frontier Award 2013 (for theoretical prediction and experimental discovery of topological insulators)

Molina, Mario ( Mario Molina ) 03/19/1943 Mexico ( Mexico City // Mexico // -99.0905,19.4099 ) – 7.10.2020USA (San Diego) chemist.
Geobiography: 1943–1953 Mexico (Mexico City); 1954–1959 Switzerland (St. Gallen // St. Gallen // 9.4321,47.4168); 1960–1964 Mexico (Mexico City); 1965–1966 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1967–1967 Mexico (Mexico City); 1968–1972 USA (Berkeley); 1973–1981 USA (Irvine // Irvine // -117.7382,33.6675); 1982–1988 US (Pasadena); 1989–2004 USA (Boston); 2005–2020 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 (for his research in atmospheric chemistry, ozone formation and decomposition)

Monod, Jacques (Monod, Jacques) 02/09/1910 France (Paris) - 05/31/1976 France (Cannes // Cannes // 7.0128, 43.5514) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1910-1916 France (Paris); 1917–1927 France (Cannes); 1928–1935 France (Paris); 1936–1936 USA (Pasadena); 1937–1975 France (Paris); 1976–1976 France (Cannes) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 (Research on the genetic control of the synthesis of enzymes and viruses)

Montagnier, Luc 08/18/1932 France ( Chabris // Chabris) – 8.02.2022 China (Shanghai) physiologist
Geobiography: 1932–1949 France ( Chabris ); 1950–1952 France ( Poitiers // Poitiers // 0.0975,46.5966, ); 1953–1959 France (Paris); 1960–1962 Great (London); 1963–1964 Great (Glasgow); 1965–2009 France (Paris); 2010–2022 China (Shanghai). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008 (Discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus)

Morgan, Thomas (Morgan, Thomas) 09/25/1866 USA (Lexington) - 12/4/1945 USA (Pasadena) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1866–1886 USA (Lexington); 1887–1889 USA (Baltimore); 1890–1893 USA (Bryn Mawr); 1894–1894 Italy (Naples); 1895–1903 USA (Bryn Mawr); 1904–1926 USA (New York); 1927–1945 USA (Pasadena) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933 (Creation of the chromosome theory of heredity)

Moser, Edvard (Edvard Moser) 04/27/1962 Norway (Alesund \\ Ålesund \\ 62.4708,6.155) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1962–1979 Norway (Ålesund); 1980–1993 Norway (Oslo); 1994–1995 Great (Edinburgh); 1996–2020 Norway (Trondheim). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 (for the discovery of the cells that make up the positioning system in the brain)

Moser, May-Britt (May-Britt Moser) 01/4/1963 Norway (Fosnavog // Fosnavåg // 5.633889,62.341667) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1963–1981 Norway (Fosnavog); 1982–1993 Norway (Oslo); 1994–1995 Great (Edinburgh); 1996–2020 Norway (Trondheim). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 (for the discovery of the cells that make up the positioning system in the brain)

Moser, Jürgen (Moser, Jürgen) 07/4/1928 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany) - 12/17/1999 Switzerland (Zurich) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1928–1944 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1945–1946 Germany (Stralsund // Stralsund // 13.0833,54.2943); 1947–1952 Germany (Göttingen); 1953–1953 USA (New York); 1954–1954 Germany (Göttingen); 1955–1956 USA (New York); 1957–1959 USA (Boston); 1960–1979 USA (New York); 1980–1999 Switzerland (Zurich). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1995 for work on the stability of Hamiltonian systems

Mochizuki, Takuro 28.08.1972 Japan (Tokyo) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1972–1991 Japan (Tokyo); 1992–1998 Japan (Kyoto) 1999–2003 Japan (Osaka) 2004–2050 Japan (Kyoto). Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2022 (For monumental work leading to a breakthrough in our understanding of the theory of bundles with flat connections over algebraic varieties, including the case of irregular singularities)

Mottelson, Benjamin ( Mottelson, Benjamin ) 07/9/1926 USA ( Chicago ) – 13.05.2022 Denmark (Copenhagen) physicist
Geobiography: 1926–1943 USA ( Chicago ); 1944–1947 USA (Lafayette); 1948–1950 USA (Boston); 1951–2022 Denmark (Copenhagen). Nobel Prize in Physics 1975 (Development of the so-called generalized model of the atomic nucleus)

Mourou, Gerard Albert 06/22/1944 France ( Albertville ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1944–1961 France ( Albertville ); 1962–1966 France (Grenoble); 1967–1970 France (Paris); 1971–1972 Canada (Quebec); 1973–1973 France (Paris); 1974–1974 USA (San Diego); 1975–1976 France (Paris); 1977–1987 USA (Rochester); 1988–2003 USA (Ann Arbor); 2004–2009 France (Paris); 2010–2010 Russia (Nizhny Novgorod); 2011–2020 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 (For the method of generating high-intensity ultrashort optical pulses)

Muller, Hermann Joseph (Muller, Hermann Joseph) 12/21/1890 USA (New York) - 04/05/1967 USA (Indiapolis) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1890–1910 USA (New York); 1911–1912 USA (Ithaca); 1913-1914 USA (New York); 1915-1917 USA (Houston); 1918–1919 USA (New York); 1920–1931 USA (Austin); 1932–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1933 Russia (St. Petersburg); 1934–1936 Russia (Moscow); 1937–1939 Great (Edinburgh); 1940–1944 USA (Amherst); 1945–1964 USA (Bloomington); 1965–1967 USA (Indiapolis); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946 (Experimental production of mutations under the action of X-rays).

Müller, Karl (Müller, Karl) 04/20/1927 Switzerland (Basel) - 01/9/2023 Switzerland (Zurich) physicist
Geobiography: 1927–1927 Switzerland (Basel); 1928–1930 Austria (Salzburg); 1931–1933 Switzerland (Dornach); 1934–1937 Switzerland (Lugano); 1938–1944 Switzerland (Schiers); 1945–1956 Switzerland (Zurich); 1957–1962 Switzerland (Geneva); 1963–2023 Switzerland (Zurich). Nobel Prize in Physics 1987 (Discovery of new (high temperature) superconducting materials)

Mulliken, Robert (Mulliken, Robert) 06/07/1896 USA (Newburyport) - 10/31/1986 USA (Washington) chemist.
Geobiography: 1896–1912 USA (Newburyport); 1913–1917 USA (Boston); 1918–1918 USA (Washington); 1919–1922 USA (Chicago); 1923–1924 USA (Boston); 1925–1925 Germany (Berlin); 1926–1926 USA (New York); 1927–1927 Germany (Göttingen); 1928–1928 USA (New York); 1929–1984 USA (Chicago); 1985–1986 USA (Washington). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1966 (Study of the chemical bonds and electronic structure of molecules by the method of molecular orbitals)

Mundell, Robert 10/24/1932 Canada (Kingston) - 04/4/2021 Italy (Siena) economist.
Geobiography: 1930–1947 Canada (Kingston); 1948–1952 Canada (Vancouver); 1953–1954 USA (Seattle); 1955–1955 Great (London); 1956–1956 USA (Boston); 1957–1958 USA (Stanford); 1959–1965 USA (Washington); 1966–1971 USA (Chicago); 1972–1973 Canada (Waterloo // Waterloo); 1974–2017 USA (New York); 2018–2021 Italy (Siena). Nobel Prize in Economics 1999 (for the analysis of monetary and fiscal policy at different exchange rates and for the analysis of optimal currency areas)

Murat, Ferid 09/14/1936 USA (Whiting) – 09/04/2023 USA (Washington) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1936–1953 USA (Whiting); 1954–1958 USA (Greencastle/ -86.856111.39.642222); 1959–1964 US (Cleveland); 1965–1966 US (Boston); 1967–1969 US (Bethesda); 1970–1972 US (Charlottesville); 1973–1981 US (Bethesda); 1982–1987 USA (Stanford); 1988–1996 USA (Lake County); 1997—2011 USA (Houston); 2012—2023 USA (Washington). Nobel Prize in Physiology 1998 (Discovery of the role of nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, leading to the development of Viagra)

Myrdal, Gunnar (Myrdal, Gunnar) 12/6/1898 Sweden (Skattungbin // Skattungbyn // 14.866667,61.2) - 05/17/1987 Sweden (Stockholm) economist.
Geobiography: 1898–1904 Sweden (Skattungbin); 1905–1929 Sweden (Stockholm); 1930–1931 Switzerland (Geneva); 1932–1937 Sweden (Stockholm); 1938–1941 USA (Washington); 1942–1987 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Economics 1974 (for fundamental work on the theory of money and economic fluctuations and a deep analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena)

Natta, Giulio (Natta, Giulio) 02/26/1903 Italy (Empire) - 05/2/1979 Italy (Bergamo) chemist.
Geobiography: 1903–1909 Italy (Empire); 1910–1921 Italy (Genoa); 1922–1924 Italy (Milan); 1925–1925 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1926–1932 Italy (Milan); 1933–1934 Italy (Pavia); 1935–1935 Italy (Rome); 1936–1937 Italy (Turin); 1938–1972 Italy (Milan); 1973–1979 Italy (Bergamo) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1963 (Discovery in the field of chemistry and polymer technology)

Mott, Neville (Mott, Nevill) 09/30/1905 Great. (Leeds) - 08/08/1996 Great. (Milton Keynes) physicist.
Geobiography: 1905–1906 Great. (Leeds); 1907–1911 Great. (Giggleswick); 1912–1914 Great. (Liverpool); 1915–1916 Great. (Bristol); 1917–1928 Great. (Cambridge); 1929–1929 Great. (Manchester); 1930–1932 Great. (Cambridge); 1933–1953 Great. (Bristol); 1954–1994 Great. (Cambridge); 1995–1996 Great. (Milton Keynes). Nobel Prize in Physics 1977 (Fundamental research in the field of electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems)

Naur, Peter (Naur, Peter) 10/25/1928 Denmark (Copenhagen) — 01/3/2016 Denmark (Copenhagen) informatics
Geobiography: 1928–2016 Denmark (Copenhagen). Turing Award 2005 (For fundamental contributions to the design of programming languages ​​and the creation of the Algol 60 language, as well as to the design of compilers, and to the art and technique of computer programming)

Néel, Louis 11/22/1904 France (Lyon) - 11/17/2000 France (Brive-la-Gaillard) physicist.
Geobiography: 1904-1921 France (Lyon); 1922–1930 France (Paris); 1931–1944 France (Strasbourg); 1945–1983 France (Grenoble); 1984–2000 France (Brive-la-Gaillard). Nobel Prize in Physics 1970 (Fundamental work and discoveries in the field of antiferromagnetism and their application in solid state physics)

Negulescu, Paul 1962 USA (San Francisco) physician.
Geobiography: 1962–1979 USA (San Francisco); 1980–1990 US (Berkeley); 1991–1995 USA (Irvine); 1996–2050 USA (San Diego) 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For development of life-transforming drug combinations that repair defective chloride channel protein in patients with cystic fibrosis)

Neher, Erwin 03/20/1944 Germany ( Landsberg an der Lech // 10.9381, 48.0267 // ) biophysicist.
Geobiography: 1944–1951 Germany ( Landsberg an der Lech); 1952–1962 Germany (Mindelheim // , 10.488333,48.046)); 1963–1965 Germany (Munich); 1966–1969 USA (Madison); 1970–1975 Germany (Berlin); 1976–2020 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize (1991; jointly with B. Zakman) (for research on the functions of ion channels in the cell membrane)

Nernst Walther
Geobiography: 1864–1870 Poland (Wombrzezno // Prussia); 1871–1880 Poland ( Grudziądz // Germany // Grudziądz // ); 1881–1884 Switzerland (Zurich); 1885–1885 Germany (Berlin); 1886–1887 Germany (Würzburg); 1–1 Austria (Graz // Austria-Hungary); 1889–1889 Germany (Leipzig); 1890–1890 Germany (Heidelberg); 1891–1901 Germany (Göttingen); 1902–1933 Germany (Berlin); 1934–1941 Poland (Niewice // Germany). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920 (Works in thermochemistry)

Nicole, Charles (Nicolle, Charles) 09/21/1866 France (Rouen) - 09/28/1936 Tunisia (Tunisia // Tunisia (fr.)) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1866–1887 France (Rouen); 1 –1893 France (Paris); 1894–1901 France (Rouen); 1902–1936 Tunisia (Tunisia // Tunisia (fr.)). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1928 (Identification of the carrier of typhus - body louse)

Nirenberg, Louis 11/28/1925 Canada (Hamilton) mathematician
Geobiography: 1925–1942 Canada (Hamilton); 1943–1948 Canada (Montreal); 1949–2018 USA (New York); Abel Prize in Mathematics 2015 (brilliant and original contribution to the theory of non-linear partial differential equations and its applications to geometric analysis)

Nieuwenhuizen, van Peter 10/26/1938 Netherlands (Utrecht) physicist
Geobiography: 1938–1967 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1968–1970 Switzerland (Geneva); 1971–1972 France (Paris); 1973–1974 USA (Boston); 1975–2050 USA (New York) Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2019 (for the discovery of supergravity, in which quantum variables are part of the description of the space-time geometry)

Nissanke, Samaya (Nissanke, Samaya) 1978 Great. (London) physicist.
Geobiography: 1978–1995 Great. (London); 1996–2005 Great (Cambridge); 2006–2007 France (Paris); 2008–2010 Canada (Toronto); 2011–2012 US (Pasadena); 2013–2017 Netherlands (Nijmegen); 2018–2050 Netherlands (Amsterdam). New Horizons Physics Award 2020 (For developing new methods for extracting fundamental physics from astronomical data)

North, Douglass 11/5/1920 USA (Boston) - 11/23/2015 USA (Benzonia // Benzonia) economist.
Geobiography: 1920–1924 USA (Boston); 1925–1928 Canada (Ottawa); 1929–1932 Switzerland (Lausanne); 1933–1936 USA (New York); –1937 USA (Wallingford, Connecticut // Wallingford); 1938–1942 USA (Berkeley); 1943–1944 USA (San Francisco); 1945–1950 USA (Berkeley); 1951–1978 USA (Washington); 1979–1980 USA (Houston); 1981–1982 Great (Cambridge); 1983–1995 USA (St. Louis); 1996–2015 US (Benzonia). Nobel Prize in Economics 1993 (For a new study of economic history using economic theory and quantitative methods to explain economic and institutional change)

Norrish, Ronald ( Norrish, Ronald ) 11/9/1897 Great. (Cambridge) - 06/7/1978 Great. (Cambridge) chemist.
Geobiography: 1897–1917 Great. (Cambridge); 1918–1918 Germany (Berlin); 1919–1978 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 (Study of ultrafast chemical reactions)

Northrop, John 07/5/1891 USA (New York) - 05/27/1987 USA (Wickenburg) chemist.
Geobiography: 1891–1948 USA (New York); 1949–1958 US (Berkeley); 1959–1961 US (New York); 1962–1987 USA (Wickenburg). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946 (Preparation of a number of enzymes and viruses in crystalline form)

Novikov, Sergei Petrovich ( Novikov, Sergei ) 03.20.1938 Russia ( NizhnyNovgorod ) – 20.03.2024 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician
Geobiography: 1938–1954 Russia ( Nizh. Novgorod // USSR); 1955–2024 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Fields Prize in Mathematics 1970. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2005 for fundamental and innovative contributions to algebraic and differential topology, mathematical physics, and above all, for the introduction of algebro-geometric methods

Novoselov, Konstantin Sergeevich ( Konstantin Novoselov ) 08/23/1974 Russia ( Nizhny Tagil // Nizhny Tagil // USSR // 59.9666,57.9115 ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1974–1990 Russia (Nizhny Tagil // USSR); 1991–1998 Russia (Moscow); 1999–2000 Netherlands (Nijmegen // Nijmegen // 5.9048,51.8272); 2001–2020 Great (Manchester). Nobel Prize in Physics 2010 (for pioneering experiments on the two-dimensional graphene material)

Nusse, Roeland (Nusse, Roeland) 06/9/1950 Netherlands (Amsterdam) physician.
Geobiography: 1950–1980 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1981–1982 USA (San Francisco); 1983–1989 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1990–2050 USA (Stanford). 2017 Medical Breakthrough Award (for pioneering research on the Wnt pathway, one of the most important intercellular signaling systems in development, cancer, and stem cell biology)

Nüsslein-Volhard, Christiane (Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard) 10/20/1942 Germany (Magdeburg // Magdeburg // 11.6714,52.1272) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1942–1944 Germany (Magdeburg); 1945–1963 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1964–1977 Germany (Tübingen); 1978–1980 Germany (Heidelberg); 1981–2020 Germany (Tübingen) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995 (Study of the genetic regulation of the early stages of embryonic development)

Nygaard, Kristen 08/27/1926 Norway (Oslo) — 08/10/2002 Norway (Oslo) informatics
Geobiography: 1926–1974 Norway (Oslo); 1975–1976 Denmark (Aarhus); 1977–2002 Norway (Oslo) Turing Award 2001 (For ideas fundamental to the development of object-oriented programming that arose during the development of the Simula I and Simula 67 programming languages)

Okounkov, Andrey Yuryevich 07/26/1969 Russia ( Moscow // USSR ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1969–1991 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1992–1995 Russia (Moscow); 1996–2001 USA (Berkeley); 2002–2009 USA (Princeton); 2010–2020 USA (New York). Fields Prize in Mathematics 2006 (for achievements connecting probability theory, representation theory and algebraic geometry)

Ola, George ( Olah, George ) 03/22/1927 Hungary (Budapest) — 03/8/2017 USA (Los Angeles) chemist
Geobiography: 1927–1956 Hungary (Budapest); 1957–1963 Canada (Sarnia // Sarnia // -82.3903,42.9752); 1964–1964 USA (Boston); 1965–1976 USA (Cleveland); 1977–2017 USA (Los Angeles) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1994 (Discovery of new properties of certain carbon compounds)

Olin, Bertil (Ohlin, Bertil) 04/23/1899 Sweden (Klippan // Klippan) - 08/3/1979 Sweden (Undersaker // Undersåker // 13.250556,63.315278) economist.
Geobiography: 1899–1915 Sweden (Klippan); 1916–1917 Sweden (Lund); 1918–1921 Sweden (Stockholm); 1922–1923 USA (Boston); 1924–1928 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1929–1978 Sweden (Stockholm); 1979–1979 Sweden (Undersaker) Nobel Prize in Economics 1977 (for pioneering contributions to the theory of international trade and international capital movements)

Onsager, Lars 11/27/1903 Norway (Oslo // Sweden) - 10/5/1976 USA (Miami) chemist.
Geobiography: 1903–1904 Norway (Oslo // Sweden); 1905–1919 Norway (Oslo); 1920–1925 Norway (Trondheim); 1926–1927 Switzerland (Zurich); 1928–1928 USA (Baltimore); 1929–1932 USA (Providence); 1933–1950 USA (New Haven); 1951–1952 Great (Cambridge); 1953–1971 US (New Haven); 1972–1976 USA (Miami) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1968 (Contribution to the theory of thermodynamics of irreversible processes)

O'Keefe, John (John O'Keefe) 11/18/1939 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1939–1962 USA (New York); 1963–1966 Canada (Montreal); 1967–2020 Great (London); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014 (for the discovery of the cells that make up the positioning system in the brain)

Ochoa, Severo (Ochoa, Severo) 09/25/1905 Spain (Luarca) - 11/1/1993 Spain (Madrid) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1905-1911 Spain (Luarca); 1912–1922 Spain (Malaga); 1923–1928 Spain (Madrid); 1929–1929 Germany (Heidelberg); 1930–1930 Spain (Madrid); 1931–1932 Great (London); 1933–1935 Spain (Madrid); 1936–1938 Germany (Heidelberg); 1939–1939 Great (Oxford); 1940–1941 USA (St. Louis); 1942–1974 USA (New York); 1975–1984 USA (Nutley); 1985–1993 Spain (Madrid) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959 (Research on the mechanisms of nucleic acid biosynthesis)

Oppenheimer, Robert (Robert Oppenheimer) 04/22/1904 USA (New York) - 02/18/1967 USA (Princeton) - physicist.
Geobiography: 1904–1921 USA (New York); 1922–1923 USA (Boston); 1924–1925 Great (Cambridge); 1926–1926 Germany (Göttingen); 1927–1927 USA (Boston); 1928–1928 USA (Pasadena); 1929–1941 USA (Berkeley); 1942–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1946 USA (Pasadena); 1947–1967 USA (Princeton) Richtmyer Memorial Prize 1947, Enrico Fermi Prize 1963

Ostwald, Wilhelm (Ostwald, Wilhelm) 09/2/1953 Latvia (Riga // Russian Empire) - 04/04/1932 Germany (Leipzig) chemist.
Geobiography: 1853–1871 Latvia (Riga // Russian Empire); 1872–1881 Estonia (Tartu // Russian Empire); 1882–1886 Latvia (Riga // Russian Empire); 1887–1904 Germany (Leipzig); 1905–1905 USA (Boston); 1906–1932 Germany (Leipzig) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1909 (Works on catalysis and research on the principles of controlling chemical equilibrium and reaction rates)

Paabo, Svante (Pääbo, Svante) 04/20/1955 Sweden (Stockholm) physician.
Geobiography: 1955–1974 Sweden (Stockholm); 1975–1986 Sweden (Uppsala); 1987–1989 USA (Berkeley); 1990–1996 Germany (Munich); 1997–2050 Germany (Leipzig) 2016 Medical Breakthrough Award (for groundbreaking research and sequencing of ancient DNA and genomes, which has shed new light on our understanding of the origins of modern humans and their evolutionary relationships with extinct related species such as Neanderthals and the evolution of human populations)

Pauli, Wolfgang (Pauli Wolfgang Ernst) 04/25/1900 Austria (Vienna) - 12/15/1958 Switzerland (Zurich) physicist.
Geobiography: 1900–1918 Austria (Vienna); 1919–1920 Germany (Munich); 1921–1921 Germany (Goetingen); 1922–1922 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1923–1927 Germany (Hamburg); 1928–1930 Switzerland (Zurich); 1931-1931 USA (Ann Arbor); 1932-1934 Switzerland (Zurich); 1935-1935 USA (Princeton); 1936–1939 Switzerland (Zurich); 1940–1947 USA (Princeton); 1948–1958 Switzerland (Zurich). Nobel Prize in Physics (1945). (Discovery of the prohibition principle (Pauli principle))

Patapoutian, Ardem (Patapoutian, Ardem) 1967 Lebanon (Beirut) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1967–1985 Lebanon (Beirut); 1986–1990 USA (Los Angeles); 1991–1996 US (Pasadena); 1997–1999 USA (San Francisco); 2000–2050 US (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 (Discovery of new receptors that trigger biochemical reactions resulting in sensations of heat, cold or touch)

Paul Wolfgang 1936 Germany (Berlin); 1937-1938 Germany (Kiel); 1939-1939 Germany (Berlin); 1940-1951 (Göttingen); 1952-1993 (Bonn); Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989 _y (half prize jointly with Hans Dehmelt "for the development of a method for confining single ions."

Pearl, Judea (Pearl, Judea) 09/4/1936 Israel (Tel Aviv / Palestine) mathematician. Geobiography: 1936–1941 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1942–1947 Israel (Bnei Brak/Palestine); 1948–1955 Israel (Bnei Brak); 1956–1960 Israel (Haifa); 1961–1964 USA (Newark); 1965–1966 USA (New Brunswick); 1967-1968 USA (New York); 1969-2017 USA (Los Angeles); Turing Award 2011. For fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning[6]

Palade, George (Palade, George) 11/19/1912 Romania (Iasi) - 10/8/2008 USA (San Diego) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1912–1929 Romania (Iasi); 1930–1945 Romania (Bucharest); 1946–1972 USA (New York); 1973–1989 US (New Haven); 1990–2008 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974 (Study of the structural and functional organization of the cell)

Parisi, Giorgio (Parisi, Giorgio) 08/4/1948 Italy (Rome) physicist.
Geobiography: 1948–1972 Italy (Rome); 1973–1974 USA (New York); 1975–1975 Italy (Rome); 1976–1978 France (Paris); 1979–2050 Italy (Rome). Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 (for physical modeling of the Earth's climate, quantitative analysis of variations, and reliable prediction of global warming)

Penzias, Arno (Penzias, Arno) 04/26/1933 Germany (Munich) - 01/22/2024 USA (San Francisco) physicist
Geobiography: 1933–1938 Germany (Munich); 1939–1994 USA (New York); 1995–2024 USA (San Francisco) Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 (Discovery of the microwave background radiation)

Pichler, Hannes 1986 Italy (Bressanone) physicist
Geobiography: 1986–2003 Italy (Bressanone); 2004–2015 Austria (Innsbruck); 2016–2018 USA (Boston); 2019–2019 USA (Pasadena); 2020–2050 Austria (Innsbruck). New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For the development of optical tweezer arrays to implement single-atom control for applications in quantum information science, metrology and molecular physics)

Pinilla, Paola 1985 Colombia (Bogota) physicist
Geobiography: 1985–2009 Colombia (Bogota); 2010–2012 Germany (Heidelberg); 2013–2015 Netherlands (Leiden); 2016–2018 US (Tucson); 2019–2021 Germany (Heidelberg); 2022–2050 Gr. Britain (London). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For the prediction, discovery and modeling of dust traps in young circumstellar disks, solving the long-standing problem of planet formation)

Planck, Max (Planck, Max) 04/23/1958 Germany (Kiel // Holstein) - 10/4/1947 Germany (Göttingen) physicist.
Geobiography: 1858–1862 Germany (Kiel // Holstein); 1863–1866 Germany (Kiel // Prussia); 1867–1870 Germany (Munich // Bavaria); 1871–1876 Germany (Munich); 1877–1878 Germany (Berlin); 1879–1884 Germany (Munich); 1885–1 Germany (Kiel); 1889–1944 Germany (Berlin); 1945–1947 Germany (Göttingen) Founder of quantum theory. Nobel Prize in Physics 1918 (Merit in the field of development of physics and the discovery of the discreteness of radiation energy (quantum of action).

Purcell, Edward (Purcell, Edward) 08/30/1912 USA (Taylorville) - 03/7/1997 USA (Boston) physicist.
Geobiography: 1912–1928 USA (Taylorville); 1929–1933 USA (Lafayette); 1934–1934 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1935–1997 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physics 1952 (Development of new methods for accurately measuring the magnetic moments of atomic nuclei and related discoveries)

Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich (Pavlov, Ivan) 09/14/1849 Russia (Ryazan // Russian Empire) - 02/27/1936 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1849–1869 Russia (Ryazan // Russian Empire); 1870–1880 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1881–1882 Russia (Rostov-on-Don // Russian Empire); 1883–1883 ​​Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1884–1884 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1885–1886 Germany (Leipzig); 1887–1887 Russia (Rostov-on-Don // Russian Empire); 1 –1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // Soviet Russia); 1922–1932 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1933–1935 Russia (Pavlovo // USSR); 1936–1936 Russia (Saint Petersburg) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1904 (Works on the physiology of digestion)

Pedersen, Charles (Pedersen, Charles) 10/3/1904 Republic of Korea (Busan // Busan // 129.066667,35.166667 // Korean Empire) - 10/26/1989 USA (Salem // -75.472553,39.568236) chemist.
Geobiography: 1904–1909 Republic of Korea (Busan // Korean Empire); 1910–1911 Republic of Korea (Busan // Japan); 1912–1913 Japan (Nagasaki // Nagasaki // 129.866667,32.783333); 1914–1921 Japan (Yokohama // Yokohama // 139.638056,35.444167); 1922–1925 USA (Dayton // Dayton // -84.191667, 39.759444); 1926–1926 US (Boston); 1927–1968 USA (Wilmington // Wilmington // -75.551389,39.748333); 1969–1989 USA (Salem). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1987 (for the development and application of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity)

Perelman, Grigory Yakovlevich (Grigori Perelman) 06/13/1966 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1966–1991 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1992–1992 USA (New York); 1993–1994 USA (Berkeley); 1995–2020 Russia (St. Petersburg). Fields Prize in Mathematics 2006 (for proof of the Poincaré Conjecture)

Pérez, Laura) 1979 Chile (Santiago) physicist
Geobiography: 1979–2005 Chile (Santiago); 2006–2011 USA (Pasadena); 2012–2014 USA (Socorro, New Mexico); 2015–2016 Germany (Bonn); 2017–2050 Chile (Santiago). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For the prediction, discovery and modeling of dust traps in young circumstellar disks, solving the long-standing problem of planet formation)

Perrin, Jean (Perrin, Jean) 09/30/1870 France (Lille) - 04/17/1942 USA (New York) physicist.
Geobiography: 1870–1896 France (Lille); 1897–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1941 Morocco (Casablanca // Morocco (fr.)); 1942–1942 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physics 1926 (Works on the discrete nature of matter, in particular for the discovery of sedimentary equilibrium)

Philcox, Oliver 1995 Great. (Cambridge) physicist
Geobiography: 1995–2017 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 2018–2018 USA (Boston); 2019–2021 USA (Princeton); 2022–2050 USA (New York). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For contributions to our understanding of the large-scale structure of the Universe and the development of new tools for extracting fundamental physics from galaxy surveys)

Pyatetsky-Shapiro, Ilya Iosifovich 03/30/1929 Russia (Moscow // USSR) - 02/21/2009 Israel (Tel Aviv) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1929–1976 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1977–2009 Israel (Tel Aviv). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1990 for fundamental contributions to areas of homogeneous complex domains, discrete groups, representation theory and automorphic forms

Pnueli, Amir ( Amir Pnueli ) 04/22/1941 Israel ( Nahalal // Nahalal // Palestine (Brit.) // 35.2517,32.6817 ) - 11/2/2009 USA (New York) computer scientist.
Geobiography: 1941–1944 Israel ( Nahalal // Palestine (brit.)); 1945–1947 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (brit.)); 1948–1962 Israel (Haifa); 1963–1966 Israel (Rehovot); 1967–1968 USA (Stanford); 1969–1972 Israel (Rehovot); 1973–1979 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1980–1998 Israel (Rehovot); 1999–2009 USA (New York) Turing Award in Computer Science 1996 (For seminal work in introducing temporal logic to the computational sciences, and for outstanding contributions to program and system verification)

Polanyi, John (Polanyi, John) 01/23/1929 Germany (Berlin) chemist
Geobiography: 1929–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1939 Great (Manchester); 1940–1943 Canada (Toronto); 1944–1951 Great (Manchester); 1952–1953 Canada (Ottawa); 1954–1955 USA (Princeton); 1956–2018 Canada (Toronto); Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986 (Contribution to the study of the mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions)

Polyakov, Alexander Markovich (Polyakov, Alexander) 09/27/1945 Russia (Moscow // USSR) physicist
Geobiography: 1945–1988 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1989–2050 USA (Princeton) Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for discoveries made in field theory and string theory, as well as the discovery of monopoles in gauge theories with a certain scheme of symmetry breaking, instantons, string theory in non-critical dimensions, the discovery of the gauge-string correspondence and much more. His ideas determined development of physics in these areas for many decades)

Pontecorvo, Bruno Maksimovich (Pontecorvo, Bruno) 08/22/1913 Italy (Pisa) - 09/24/1993 Russia (Dubna) physicist.
Geobiography: 1913-1930 Italy (Pisa); 1931–1935 Italy (Rome); 1936–1939 France (Paris); 1940–1942 USA (Tulsa, Oklahoma); 1943–1944 Canada (Montreal); 1945–1948 Canada (Choke River); 1949–1949 Great (Harwell); 1950–1991 Russia (Dubna // USSR); 1992–1993 Russia (Dubna) Founder of high energy neutrino physics and one of the founders of neutrino astronomy (1957)

Powell, Cecil (Powell, Cecil) 12/5/1903 Great. (Tonbridge) - 08/9/1969 Italy (Bellano) physicist.
Geobiography: Velik 1903–1920 Velik. (Tonbridge); 1921–1927 Great (Cambridge); 1928–1968 Great (Bristol); 1969–1969 Italy (Bellano) Nobel Prize in Physics 1950 (Development of a photographic method for the study of nuclear processes and the discovery of pi-mesons based on this method)

Pregl, Fritz 09/3/1869 Slovenia (Ljubljana // Austria-Hungary // Ljubljana // 5/14/46/05) - 12/13/1930 Austria (Graz) chemist.
Geobiography: 1869–1886 Slovenia (Ljubljana // Austria-Hungary); 1887–1909 Austria (Graz // Austria-Hungary); 1910–1913 Austria (Innsbruck // Austria-Hungary); 1914–1918 Austria (Graz // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1930 Austria (Graz). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923 (Development of a method for microanalysis of organic compounds)

Prescott, Edward (Prescott, Edward) 12/26/1940 USA (Glens Falls, New York // Glens Falls // -73.648333,43.312222) – 11/6/2022 USA (Phoenix) economist.
Geobiography: 1940–1957 USA (Glens Falls); 1958–1961 USA (Swarthmore, Pennsylvania // Swarthmore // -75.346944,39.901667); 1962–1962 US (Cleveland); 1963–1965 US (Pittsburgh); 1966–1970 US (Philadelphia); 1971–1979 US (Pittsburgh); 1980–2002 US (Minneapolis); 2003–2022 USA (Phoenix). Nobel Prize in Economics 2004 (For their contributions to the study of the influence of time on economic policy and for their studies of the driving forces of business cycles)

Pretorius, Frans 07/31/1973 South Africa (Johannesburg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1973–1990 South Africa (Johannesburg); 1991–2001 Canada (Vancouver); 2002–2004 US (Pasadena); 2005–2006 Canada (Edmonton); 2007–2050 USA (Princeton) New Horizons Physics Award 2017 (For creating the first computer code capable of simulating spiral merging and binary black hole merging, thereby laying a decisive foundation for interpreting recent observations of gravitational waves; and for discovering new directions in the numerical theory of relativity)

Prigogine, Ilya Romanovich (Prigogine, Ilya) 01/12/1917 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR) - 05/28/2003 Belgium (Brussels) chemist.
Geobiography: 1917–1920 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR); 1921–1928 Germany (Berlin); 1929–2003 Belgium (Brussels). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1977 (Contribution to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes)

Prokhorov, Alexander Mikhailovich (Prokhorov, Alexander) 07/11/1916 Australia (Atherton // Atherton // 145.5289,-17.2843) - 01/8/2002 Russia (Moscow) physicist.
Geobiography: 1916–1922 Australia (Atherton); 1923–1923 Russia (Orenburg // USSR); 1924–1929 Uzbekistan (Tashkent // USSR); 1930–1938 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1939–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2002 Russia (Moscow) Nobel Prize in Physics 1964 (Works in the field of quantum electronics leading to the creation of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle)

Pyatetsky-Shapiro, Ilya Iosifovich (Piatetski-Shapiro, Ilya) 03/30/1929 Russia (Moscow // USSR) - 02/21/2009 Israel (Tel Aviv) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1929–1976 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1977–2009 Israel (Tel Aviv) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1990 for fundamental contributions in the fields of homogeneous complex domains, discrete groups, representation theory and automorphic forms

Quillen, Daniel ( Daniel Quillen ) 07/22/1940 USA ( Orange ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1940–1950 USA (Orange); 1951–1956 USA (Newark); 1957–1972 USA (Boston); 1973–1973 France (Paris); 1974–1983 USA (Boston); 1984–2006 Great (Oxford); 2008–2011 USA (San Francisco) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1978

Rabi, Isidor (Rabi, Isidor) 07/29/1898 Poland (Rymanow // Austria-Hungary) - 01/11/1988 USA (New York) physicist.
Geobiography: 1898–1898 Poland (Rymanow // Austria-Hungary); 1899–1915 USA (New York); 1916–1922 USA (Ithaca); 1923–1926 USA (New York); 1927–1927 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1928–1928 Germany (Hamburg); 1929–1939 USA (New York); 1940–1944 USA (Boston); 1945–1988 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physics 1944 (Resonance method for measuring the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei)

Rabin, Michael (Rabin, Michael) computer science 1.09.1931 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany)
Geobiography: 1931–1934 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1935–1947 Israel (Haifa // Haifa // 35.038,32.7837 // Palestine (UK); 1948–1949 Israel (Haifa); 1950–1952 Israel (Jerusalem); 1953–1960 USA (Princeton); 1961–1961 USA (Berkeley); 1962-1964 USA (Boston); 1965-1979 Israel (Jerusalem); 1980-2018 USA (Boston) Turing Award 1976 (For an article entitled "Finite Automata and the Resolvability Problem for Them", in which he proposed the idea of ​​a non-deterministic automaton, a concept that later proved its exceptional value)

Radziwill, Maksym 24.02.1988 Russia (Moscow // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1988–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2005 Poland (Warsaw); 2006–2009 Canada (Montreal); 2010–2012 USA (Stanford); 2013–2013 US (Princeton); 2014–2015 US (New Brunswick); 2016–2050 Canada (Montreal). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2019 (for a fundamental breakthrough in understanding local correlations of values ​​of multiplicative functions)

Rajendran, Surjeet (Rajendran, Surjeet) 1983 India (Delhi) physicist.
Geobiography: 1983-2000 India ( Delhi ); 2001-2009 USA ( Pasadena ); 2010-2009 USA ( Stanford ); 2010-2013 USA ( Baltimore ); 2014-2019 USA ( Berkeley ); 2020-2050 USA ( Baltimore).New Horizons of Physics Award 2017 (For creating a wide range of new experimental studies of fundamental physics)

Ramakrishnan, Venkatraman (Venkatraman Ramakrishnan) 01/19/1952 India (Chidambaram // Chidambaram // 79.7484,11.39) chemist.
Geobiography: 1952–1954 India (Chidambaram); 1955–1959 India (Vadodara // Vadodara // 73.2548,22.2908); 1960–1960 Australia (Adelaide); 1961–1970 India (Vadodara); 1971–1976 USA (Athens // Athens // -82.0462,39.3217); 1977–1978 USA (San Diego); 1979–1982 USA (New Haven); 1983–1994 USA (New York); 1995–1998 USA (Salt Lake City); 1999–2020 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2009 (for studies on the structure and function of the ribosome)

Raman, Chandrasekhara (Raman, Chandrasekhara ) 7.11.1 India (Tiruchirappalli // Tiruchirappalli // 78.693611,10.803611 // Brit. India ) — 21.07.1970 India ( Bangalore ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1 -1891 India (Tiruchirappalli // Brit. India ); 1892-1901 India (Visakhapatnam // Brit. India ); 1902-1905 India (Chennai // Brit. India ); 1906 -1932 India (Calcutta // Brit. India ); 1933 -1947 India (Bangalore // Brit. India ); 1948 -1970 India ( Bangalore ). Nobel Prize in Physics 1930 (Works on light scattering and the discovery of Raman scattering (Raman effect)

Ramón y Cajal, Santiago (Ramón y Cajal, Santiago) 05/1/1852 Spain (Zaragoza) - 10/17/1934 Spain (Madrid) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1852–1873 Spain (Zaragoza); 1874–1875 Cuba (Havana // Cuba (Spanish)); 1876–1882 Spain (Zaragoza); 1883–1886 Spain (Valencia); 1887–1891 Spain (Barcelona/); 1892–1934 Spain (Madrid). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906 (Works on the histology and morphology of the nervous system)

Ramsay, William (Ramsay, William) 10/2/1852 Great. (Glasgow) - 07/23/1916 Great. (High Wycombe) chemist.
Geobiography: 1852–1869 Great. (Glasgow); 1870–1870 Germany (Tübingen/Württemberg); 1871–1873 Germany (Tübingen); 1874–1880 Great. (Glasgow); 1881–1887 Great. (Bristol); 1 –1913 Great. (London); 1914–1916 Great. (High Wycombe). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1904 (Discovery of noble (inert) gases and determination of their place in the periodic table)

Ramsey, Norman (Ramsey, Norman) 08/27/1915 USA (Washington) - 11/4/2011 USA (Wayland) physicist.
Geobiography: 1915-1918 USA (Washington); 1919–1920 USA (Topeka); 1921–1923 France (Paris); 1924–1926 USA (Dover); 1927–1930 USA (Levenworth); 1931–1934 USA (New York); 1935–1936 Great (Cambridge); 1937–1939 USA (New York); 1940–1942 USA (Washington); 1943–1945 USA (Los Alamos); 1946–1946 USA (New York); 1947–2010 USA (Boston); 2011–2011 US (Wayland). Nobel Prize in Physics 1989 (Invention of the separated oscillating fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks)

Razborov, Alexander Alexandrovich ( Alexander Razborov ) 02/16/1963 Russia ( Belovo // USSR // Belovo // 86.3,54.411 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1963–1979 Russia (Belovo // USSR); 1980–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–2007 Russia (Moscow); 2008–2020 USA (Chicago). Nevanlinna Prize for Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 1990

Reddy, Raj ( Reddy, Raj ) 06/13/1937 India ( Katur // Katur // British India // 79.802299,13.712153 ) computer science
Geobiography: 1937–1943 India ( Katur // British India ); 1944–1947 India (Chennai // British India); 1948–1957 India (Chennai); 1958–1965 Australia (Sydney); 1966–1968 USA (Stanford); 1969–2020 USA (Pittsburgh) Turing Award in Computer Science 1999 (For pioneering the development and creation of large-scale artificial intelligence systems and demonstrating the practical importance and potential commercial benefits of technologies using artificial intelligence)

Reichstein, Tadeusz (Reichstein, Tadeusz) 07/20/1897 Poland (Wloclawek // Russian imp. //) - 08/1/1996 Switzerland (Basel) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1897–1899 Poland (Wloclawek // Russian Empire); 1900–1903 Ukraine (Kyiv // Russian imp.); 1904–1904 Germany (Jena); 1905–1937 Switzerland (Zurich); 1938–1996 Switzerland (Basel). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 (Research on the structure, biological and therapeutic action of the hormones of the adrenal cortex)

Richards, Dickinson (Richards, Dickinson) 10/30/1895 USA (Orange) - 02/23/1973 USA (Lakeville) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1895–1901 USA (Orange); 1902–1912 USA (Lakeville); 1913–1917 USA (New Haven); 1918–1918 France (Paris); 1919–1926 USA (New York); 1927–1927 Great (London); 1928–1960 USA (New York); 1961–1973 USA (Lakeville) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956 (Method of cardiac catheterization)

Richards, Theodore (Richards, Theodore) 01/31/1868 USA (Philadelphia) - 04/2/1928 USA (Boston) chemist.
Geobiography: 1868–1877 USA (Philadelphia); 1878–1879 Great. (London); 1880–1884 USA (Philadelphia); 1885–1 USA (Boston); 1889–1889 Germany (Heidelberg); 1890–1928 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1914 (Precise determination of the atomic masses of a number of chemical elements)

Robinson, Robert (Robinson, Robert) 09/13/1886 Great. (Chesterfield) - 02/08/1975 Great. (London) chemist.
Geobiography: 1886–1900 Great. (Chesterfield); 1901–1902 Great (Leeds); 1903–1911 Great (Manchester); 1912–1914 Australia (Sydney); 1915–1920 Great (Liverpool); 1921–1921 Great (St. Andrews); 1922–1927 Great (Manchester); 1928–1929 Great (London); 1930–1955 Great (Oxford); 1956–1975 Great (London). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1947 (Study of plant alkaloids and other biologically important natural substances)

Richet, Charles (Richet, Charles) 08/26/1850 France (Paris) - 12/4/1935 France (Paris) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1850–1935 France (Paris). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1913 (Discovery and research of anaphylaxis)

Romer, Paul (Romer, Paul) 11/7/1955 USA (Denver) economist.
Geobiography: 1955–1972 USA (Denver); 1973–1977 USA (Exeter, New Hampshire // Exeter // -70.947778,42.981389); 1978–1978 USA (Boston); 1979–1980 Canada (Kingston); 1981–1982 USA (Chicago); 1983–1984 USA (Rochester); 1985–1986 USA (Chicago); 1987–1992 USA (Stanford); 1993–1998 USA (Berkeley); 1999–2015 USA (New York); 2016-2017 USA (Washington); 2018–2030 USA (New York). Nobel Prize in Economics 2018 (For integrating technological innovation into long-term macroeconomic analysis)

Roentgen, Wilhelm (Röntgen, Wilhelm) 03/27/1845 Germany (Remscheid // Prussia) - 02/10/1923 Germany (Munich) physicist.
Geobiography: 1845–1847 Germany ( Remscheid // Prussia ); 1848–1860 Netherlands (Apeldoorn); 1861–1864 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1865–1869 Switzerland (Zurich); 1870–1870 Germany (Würzburg // Bavaria); 1871–1871 Germany (Würzburg); 1872–1874 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1875–1875 Germany (Stuttgart); 1876–1878 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1879–1887 Germany (Giessen); 1 –1899 Germany (Würzburg); 1900–1923 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Physics 1901 (Discovery of "x"-rays (X-rays)).

Ross, Ronald 05/13/1857 India (Almora // Possessions of the British East India Company // Almora // 79.67,29.62) - 09.16.1932 Great. (London) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1857–1857 India (Almora // Possessions of the British East India Company); 1858–1864 India (Almora // British India); 1865–1868 Great. (Ride); 1869–1873 Great. ( Southampton // Southampton // -1.404158,50.896958 ); 1874–1880 Great. (London); 1881–1882 India (Chennai // British India); 1883–1 India (Bangalore // British India // Bangalore); 1889–1889 Great. (London); 1890–1893 India (Bangalore); 1894–1894 Great. (London); 1895–1897 India (Mumbai // British India); 1898–1898 India (Calcutta // British India); 1899–1911 Great. (Liverpool); 1912–1932 Great. (London). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1902 (Discovery of the route of entry into the body and development of the causative agent of malaria in it)

Roth, Klaus Friedrich 10/29/1925 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany) - 11/10/2015 Great. (Inverness) mathematician
Geobiography:
Geobiography: 1925–1938 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1939–1945 Great (Cambridge); 1946–1996 Great (London); 2015 Great. (Inverness). Fields Prize in Mathematics 1958 (for his proof of the Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem (often referred to simply as the Roth theorem).

Rutherford, Ernest 08/30/1871 New. Zealand (Brightwater) - 10/19/1937 Great. (Cambridge) chemist.
Geobiography: 1871–1875 New. Zealand (Brightwater); 1876–1881 New Zealand (Havelock); 1882–1 New Zealand (Nelson); 1889–1894 New Zealand (Christchurch); 1895–1897 Great. (Cambridge); 1898–1906 Canada (Montreal); 1907–1918 Great. (Manchester); 1919–1937 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1908 (Research into the radioactive decay of elements and the chemistry of radioactive substances)

Rous, Francis (Rous, Francis) 10/5/1879 USA (Baltimore) - 02/16/1970 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1879–1901 USA (Baltimore); 1902–1903 US (Kuana); 1904–1905 US (Baltimore); 1906–1906 USA (Ann Arbor); 1907–1907 Germany (Dresden); 1908–1970 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1966 (Discovery of oncogenic viruses and development of hormonal treatments for prostate cancer)

Ruska, Ernst (Ruska, Ernst) 12/25/1906 Germany (Heidelberg) - 05/27/1988 Germany (Berlin // West Berlin) physicist.
Geobiography: 1906–1924 Germany (Heidelberg); 1925–1927 Germany (Munich); 1928–1948 Germany (Berlin); 1949–1988 Germany (Berlin // West Berlin). Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 (Creation of the scanning tunneling microscope)

Rubbia, Carlo (Rubbia, Carlo) 03/31/1934 Italy (Gorizia) physicist
Geobiography: 1934–1944 Italy (Gorizia); 1945–1951 Italy (Udine // Udine // 13.2883,46.0597); 1952–1957 Italy (Pisa); 1958–1958 USA (New York); 1959–1959 Italy (Rome); 1960–1993 Switzerland (Geneva); 1994–2018 Italy (Rome). Nobel Prize in Physics 1984 (Contribution to research in high energy physics and to the theory of elementary particles [discovery of intermediate vector bosons])

Rüland, Angkana 1987 Thailand (Chiang Mai) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1987–1993 Thailand (Chiang Mai); 1994–2019 Germany (Bonn); 2020–2022 Germany (Heidelberg); 2023–2050 Germany (Bonn). Prize "New Horizons of Mathematics" 2024. For contributions to applied analysis, in particular the analysis of microstructure during phase transitions in solids and the theory of inverse problems.

Ruzicka, Leopold (Ružička, Leopold) 09/13/1887 Croatia (Vukovar // Vukovar// Austria-Hungary) - 09/26/1976 Switzerland (Mammern) chemist.
Geobiography: 1887–1890 Croatia (Vukovar); 1891–1905 Croatia (Osijek//Austria-Hungary); 1906–1911 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1912–1925 Switzerland (Zurich); 1926–1929 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1930–1957 Switzerland (Zurich); 1958–1976 Switzerland (Mammern) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939 (Works on polymethylenes and higher terpenes)

Rychkov, Vyacheslav (Rychkov, Vyacheslav) 05/27/1975 Russia (Samara // USSR) physicist. Film Geobiography: 1975–1991 Russia (Samara // USSR); 1992–1992 Russia (Samara); 1993–1995 Russia (Moscow); 1996–1997 Germany (Jena); 1998–2001 USA (Princeton); 2002–2004 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 2005–2008 Italy (Pisa); 2009–2011 France (Paris); 2012–2016 Switzerland (Geneva); 2017–2050 France (Paris). New Horizons Physics Prize 2014 (For the development of new methods in conformal field theory, the revival of the conformal bootstrap program to limit the spectrum of operators and structure constants in three-dimensional and four-dimensional conformal field theories)

Sabatier, Paul 11/5/1854 France (Carcassonne // Carcassonne // 2.35,43.21) - 08/14/1941 France (Toulouse) chemist.
Geobiography: 1854–1861 France (Carcassonne); 1862–1871 France (Toulouse); 1872–1876 France (Paris); 1877–1878 France (Nimes); 1879–1880 France (Paris); 1881–1881 France (Bordeaux); 1882–1941 France (Toulouse) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912 (Method of hydrogenation of organic compounds in the presence of finely dispersed metals as catalysts)

Sadelain, Michel 1960 France (Paris) physician.
Geobiography: 1960–1982 France (Paris); 1983–1984 USA (Boston); 1985–1993 Canada (Edmonton); 1994–2050 USA (New York) 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For the development of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy, in which a patient's T cells are modified to target and kill cancer cells)

Samuelsson, Bengt 05/21/1934 Sweden ( Halmstad // Halmstad // ) — 07/05/2024 Sweden (Mølle) physiologist
Geobiography: 1934–1950 Sweden ( Halmstad ); 1951–1957 Sweden (Lund); 1958–1960 Sweden (Stockholm); 1961–1961 USA (Boston); 1962–2018 Sweden (Stockholm);2019 – 2024 Sweden (Mölle). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1982 (Discoveries in the field of prostaglandins and related biologically active substances)

Sarnak, Peter (Sarnak, Peter) 12/18/1953 Republic of South Africa (Johannesurg // SA) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1953–1960 South Africa (Johannesurge // South Africa); 1961–1963 Israel (Jerusalem); 1964–1976 South Africa (Johannesurge); 1977–1979 USA (Stanford); 1980–1983 USA (New York); 1984–1990 USA (Stanford); 1991–2020 USA (Princeton) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2014 for fundamental contributions to calculus, number theory, geometry and combinatorics

Sauvage, Jean-Pierre (Jean-Pierre Sauvage) 10/21/1944 France (Paris); - chemist.
Geobiography: 1944–1961 France (Paris); 1962–present France (Strasbourg); Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 with Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard Feringa (for the design and synthesis of molecular machines

Segre, Emilio (Segrè, Emilio) 02/1/1905 Italy (Tivoli) - 04/22/1989 USA (Lafayette) physicist.
Geobiography: 1905-1914 Italy (Tivoli); 1915–1935 Italy (Rome); 1936–1937 Italy (Palermo); 1938–1942 USA (Berkeley); 1943–1946 USA (Los Alamos); 1947–1973 USA (Berkeley); 1974–1974 Italy (Rome); 1975–1989 USA (Lafayette) Nobel Prize in Physics 1959 (Discovery of the antiproton)

Zakman, Bert ( Bert Sakmann ) 06/12/1942 Germany ( Stuttgart ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1942–1947 Germany (Stuttgart); 1948–1952 Germany (Lindau // Lindau // 9.683333,47.545833); 1953–1960 Germany (Stuttgart); 1961–1970 Germany (Munich); 1971–1973 Great (London); 1974–1987 Germany (Göttingen); 1988–2020 Germany (Heidelberg) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991 (Investigation of the functions of ion channels in the cell membrane)

Salam, Abdus (Salam, Abdus ) 29.01.1926 Pakistan ( Jang // Brit. India // ) — 21.01.1996 Is great. ( Oxford) Physicist
Geobiography: 1926-1939 Pakistan ( Jang // Brit. India ); 1940-1945 Pakistan (Lahore // Brit. India ); 1946-1950 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1951-1953 Pakistan ( Lahore ); 1954-1956 Great. (Cambridge ); 1957-1959 Great. ( London ); 1960-1966 Pakistan ( Lahore ); 1967-1973 Pakistan ( Islamabad ); 1974-1992 Great. ( London ); 1993-1996 Great. ( Oxford ). Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 (Contribution to the theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions between elementary particles (the so-called electroweak interaction)

Sato, Mikio (Sato, Mikio) 04/18/1928 Japan (Tokyo) – 9.01.2023 Japan (Kyoto) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1926–1960 Japan (Tokyo); 1961–1962 US (Princeton); 1963–1963 Japan (Osaka); 1964–1966 US (New York); 1967–1969 Japan (Tokyo); 1970–2023 Japan (Kyoto). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2003 for the creation of algebraic analysis, including the theory of hyperfunctions and microfunctions, the theory of holonomic quantum field and the unified theory of soliton equations

Sancar, Aziz (Aziz Sancar) 09/8/1946 Turkey (Savur // Savur/) chemist.
Geobiography: 1946–1963 Turkey ( Savur ); 1964–1970 Turkey (Istanbul); 1971–1976 USA (Dallas); 1977–1981 US (New Haven); 1982–2020 US (Chapel Hill) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 (for the study of the mechanism of DNA repair)

Selberg, Atle (Selberg, Atle) 07/14/1917 Norway (Langesund // Langesund // 9.805,58.9899) - 08/6/2007 USA (Princeton) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1917–1917 Norway (Langesund); 1918–1920 Norway (Voss // Voss // 6.4265,60.7019); 1921–1931 Norway (Bergen // Bergen // 5.3782,60.3827); 1932–1934 Norway (Jovik // Gjovik // 10.6904,60.7866); 1935–1942 Norway (Oslo); 1943–1944 Norway (Jøvik); 1945–1946 Norway (Oslo); 1947–2007 USA (Princeton) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1950 (for an elementary proof of the asymptotic distribution of prime numbers). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1986 (for deep and original work on number theory, discrete groups and automorphic forms)

Selten, Reinhard (Selten, Reinhard) 10/5/1930 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany) - 08/23/2016 Poland (Poznan) economist.
Geobiography: 1930–1945 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1946–1950 Germany (Melsungen // Melsungen); 1951–1968 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1969–1971 Germany (Berlin); 1972–1983 Germany (Bilnfeld); 1984–2015 Germany (Bonn); 2016–2016 Poland (Poznan). Nobel Prize in Economics 1994 (for his analysis of equilibrium in the theory of non-cooperative games)

Semyonov, Nikolay) 04/15/1896 Russia (Saratov // Saratov // Russian imp.) - 09/25/1986 Russia (Moscow) chemist.
Geobiography: 1896–1896 Russia (Saratov); 1897–1909 Russia (Volsk // Volsk // Russian imp.); 1910–1912 Russia (Samara // Samara // Russian imp.); 1913–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian imp.); 1917–1917 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR); 1918–1919 Russia (Tomsk // RSFSR); 1920–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // RSFSR); 1922–1934 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1935–1940 Russia (Moscow); 1941–1942 Russia (Kazan // Kazan // USSR //); 1943–1986 Russia (Moscow) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956 (Works on the mechanism of chemical reactions)

Shockley, William ( Shockley, William ) 02/13/1910 Great. ( London ) - 08/12/1989 USA ( Stanford ) physicist.
Geobiography: 1910–1912 Great. ( London ); 1913–1926 USA ( Palo Alto ); 1927–1927 USA ( Los Angeles ); 1928–1931 USA ( Pasadena ); 1932–1935 USA ( Boston ); 1936–1955 USA ( New York ); 1956–1962 USA ( Palo Alto ); 1963–1989 USA ( Stanford ). Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 (Research on semiconductors and discovery of the transistor effect)

Šikšnys, Virginijus 01/26/1956 Lithuania (Siauliai // USSR) chemist.
Geobiography: 1956–1973 Lithuania (Siauliai // USSR); 1974–1978 Lithuania (Vilnius // USSR); 1979–1981 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1982–1990 Lithuania (Vilnius // USSR); 1991–1992 Lithuania (Vilnius); 1993–1993 Germany (Munich); 1994–2030 Lithuania (Vilnius) 2018 Kavli Prize in Nanotechnology (for the invention of the CRISPR-Cas9 method, a precision nanotool for DNA editing that has revolutionized biology, agriculture and medicine)

Senatore, Leonardo (Senatore, Leonardo) 1980 Italy (Pisa) physicist.
Geobiography: 1980–2003 Italy (Pisa); 2004–2009 USA (Boston); 2010–2019 US (Palo Alto); 2020–2050 Switzerland (Zurich). New Horizons Physics Award 2016 (For outstanding contributions to theoretical cosmology)

Scholze, Peter (Peter Scholze) 12/11/1987 Germany (Dresden) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1987–1989 Germany (Dresden); 1990–2004 Germany (Berlin); 2005–2010 Germany (Bonn); 2011–2016 USA (Peterborough // Peterborough // -71.951667,42.870556); 2017–2050 Germany (Bonn). Fields Medal in Mathematics 2018. New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2016. Declined

Schwartz, Laurent 03/05/1915 France (Paris) - 07/04/2002 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1915–1942 France (Paris); 1943–1944 France ( Clermont-Ferrand // Clermont-Ferrand // 3.1424 ,45.7666 ); 1945–1951 France (Nancy); 1952–2002 France (Paris) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1950 (Works in the field of distribution theory). Member of the "group of Nicolas Bourbaki"

Schawlow, Arthur05/05/1921 USA (New York) - 04/28/1999 USA (Palo Alto) physicist.
Geobiography: 1921-1923 USA (New York); 1924–1948 Canada (Toronto); 1949–1950 USA (New York); 1951–1959 USA (Murray Hill); 1960–1960 USA (New York); 1961–1991 USA (Stanford); 1992–1999 US (Palo Alto) Nobel Prize in Physics 1981 (Development of laser spectroscopy)

Schultz, Theodore (Schultz, Theodore) 04/30/1902 USA (Arlington, South Dakota // Arlington) - 02/26/1998 USA (Evanston) economist.
Geobiography: 1902–1920 USA (Arlington); 1921–1926 USA (Brookings, South Dakota // Brookings // -96.6879,44.2987); 1927–1929 US (Madison); 1930–1942 USA (Ames, Iowa // Ames // -93.62,42.034722); 1943–1990 USA (Chicago); 1991–1998 USA (Evanston) Nobel Prize in Economics 1979 (For his pioneering research into economic development as applied to the problems of developing countries)

Sebastian, Suchitra 1974 India (Madras) physicist.
Geobiography: 1974–1991 India (Madras); 1992–2000 India (Ahmedabad); 2001–2005 USA (Stanford); 2006–2050 Gr. Britain (Cambridge). 2022 New Horizons in Physics Award (for high-precision electronic and magnetic measurements that have profoundly changed our understanding of high-temperature superconductors and unconventional insulators)

Simonović, Marko 1985 Belgrade (Serbia // Yugoslavia) physicist
Geobiography: 1985–2002 Belgrade (Serbia // Yugoslavia); 2003–2005 Belgrade (Serbia // Serbia and Montenegro); 2006–2009 Belgrade (Serbia); 2010–2013 Italy (Trieste); 2014–2017 USA (Princeton); 2018–2022 Switzerland (Geneva); 2023–2050 Italy (Florence). New Horizons in Physics Award 2024 (For contributions to our understanding of the large-scale structure of the Universe and the development of new tools for extracting fundamental physics from galaxy surveys)

Skłodowska-Curie, Marie (Skłodowska-Curie, Marie) 11/7/1867 Poland (Warsaw // Russian Empire) - 07/4/1934 France (Passi) physicist.
Geobiography: 1867–1884 Poland (Warsaw // Russian Empire); 1885–1889 Poland (Pshasnysh // Russian Empire); 1890–1890 Poland (Warsaw // Russian Empire); 1891–1933 France (Paris); 1934–1934 France (Passi). Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 (Study of the phenomenon of radioactivity discovered by A. A. Becquerel), Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1911 (Discovery of radium and polonium, obtaining pure radium and studying its compounds)

Sidransky, Ellen 1955 USA (Waltham) physician.
Geobiography: 1955–1977 USA (Waltham); 1978–1981 US (New Orleans); 1982–1985 USA (Chicago); 1986–2050 US (Bethesda). 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For identification of GBA1 and LRRK2 as risk genes for Parkinson's disease, and for the involvement of autophagy and lysosomal biology as critical factors in the pathogenesis of the disease)

Sigban, Manne (Siegbahn, Manne) 12/3/1886 Sweden (Örebro) - 09/26/1978 Sweden (Stockholm) physicist.
Geobiography: 1886–1905 Sweden (Örebro); 1906–1922 Sweden (Lund); 1923–1936 Sweden (Uppsala); 1937–1978 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Physics 1924 (Contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy)

Siegel, Carl (Siegel, Carl) 12/31/1896 Germany (Berlin) - 04/4/1981 Germany (Göttingen) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1896–1917 Germany (Berlin); 1918–1921 Germany (Göttingen); 1922–1937 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1938–1939 Germany (Göttingen); 1940–1950 USA (Princeton); 1951–1981 Germany (Göttingen) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1978 for contributions to number theory, the theory of several complex variables, and celestial mechanics

Sigbahn, Kai 04/20/1918 Sweden (Lund) - 07/20/2007 Sweden (Engelholm) physicist.
Geobiography: 1918–1922 Sweden ( Lund ); 1923–1941 Sweden (Uppsala); 1942–1953 Sweden (Stockholm); 1954–2006 Sweden (Uppsala); 2007–2007 Sweden (Angelholm). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 (Contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy)

Simmons-Duffin, David 1984 USA (Cleveland) physicist
Geobiography: 1959–2001 USA (Cleveland); 2002–2005 USA (Boston); 2006–2006 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 2007–2011 USA (Boston); 2012–2016 USA (Princeton); 2017–2050 USA (Pasadena) Prize "New Horizons of Physics" 2023. For the development of analytical and numerical methods for studying conformal field theories, including those describing the critical point of liquid vapor and superfluid phase transition.

Singer, Isadore (Singer, Isadore) 05/3/1924 USA (Detroit) – 02/11/2021 USA (Boston) mathematician
Geobiography: 1924–1940 USA (Detroit); 1941–1944 USA (Ann Arbor); 1945–1946 Philippines (Manila) / Manila / ; 1947–1949 USA (Chicago); 1950–1951 USA (Boston); 1952–1953 USA (Los Angeles); 1954–1978 USA (Boston); 1979–1982 USA (Berkeley); 1983–2021 USA (Boston). Abel Prize in Mathematics 2004 (Discovery and proof of the index theorem, connecting topology, geometry and analysis, and for their outstanding role in building new bridges between mathematics and theoretical physics)

Spielman, Daniel 1.03.1970 USA (Philadelphia) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1970–1987 USA (Philadelphia); 1988–1991 US (New Haven); 1992–2005 USA (Boston); 2006–2050 USA (New Haven). Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 2010. 2023 Mathematical Breakthrough Award (For outstanding contributions to theoretical computer science and mathematics, including spectral graph theory, the Kadison-Singer problem, numerical linear algebra, optimization, and coding theory)

Störmer, Horst ( Horst Störmer ) 04/06/1949 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) physicist.
Geobiography: 1949–1973 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1974–1975 France (Grenoble); 1976–1976 Germany (Stuttgart); 1977–1996 USA (Murray Hill); 1997–2020 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 (Research on the transformation of an electron liquid (at low temperatures and in a strong magnetic field) into particles with new properties (in particular, with a fractional electric charge)

Svedberg, Theodor (Svedberg, Theodor) 08/30/1884 Sweden (Valbo) - 02/26/1971 Sweden (Kopparberg// 14.983333,59.866667) physical chemist.
Geobiography: 1884–1900 Sweden (Valbo); 1901–1901 Sweden (Koping), 1902–1902 Sweden (Örebro); 1903-1905 Sweden (Gothenburg) 1906-1967 Sweden (Uppsala); 1968–1971 (Kopparberg). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1926. Works on disperse systems

Hell, Stefan ( Stefan Hell ) 12/23/1962 Romania ( Arad) chemist.
Geobiography: 1962–1971 Romania (Arad); 1972–1978 Romania (Timisoara); 1979–1992 Germany (Heidelberg); 1993–1995 Finland (Turku); 1996–2001 Germany (Heidelberg); 2002–2020 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 (For the development of high-resolution fluorescence microscopy)

Hench, Philip (Hench, Philip) 02/28/1896 USA (Pittsburgh) - 03/13/1965 Jamaica (Ocho Rios) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1896–1911 USA (Pittsburgh); 1912–1916 USA (Easton); 1917–1920 USA (Pittsburgh); 1921–1927 USA (Rochester); 1928–1928 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1929–1964 USA (Rochester); 1965–1965 Jamaica (Ocho Rios). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950 (Research on the structure, biological and therapeutic action of the hormones of the adrenal cortex)

Theiler, Max ( Theiler, Max ) 01/30/1899 South Africa ( Pretoria ) - 08/11/1972 USA ( New Haven ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1899–1909 South Africa (Pretoria); 1910–1916 South Africa (Greymstown // Union of South Africa); 1917–1921 South Africa (Cape Town // Cape Town // 18.483333,-33.916667 // Union of South Africa); 1922–1922 Great (London); 1923–1929 USA (Boston); 1930–1963 USA (New York); 1964–1972 USA (New Haven) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1951 (Discovery of the causative agent of yellow fever and the development of vaccines against it)

Hensch, Theodor (Theodor Hänsch) 10/30/1941 Germany (Heidelberg) physicist.
Geobiography: 1941-1974 Germany (Heidelberg); 1975–1985 USA (Stanford); 1986–2020 Germany (Munich) Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 (For contributions to the development of precision laser spectroscopy)

Tamm, Igor Evgenievich (Tamm, Igor) 07/08/1895 Russia (Vladivostok // Russian imp.) - 04/12/1971 Russia (Moscow) physicist.
Geobiography: 1895–1897 Russia (Vladivostok // Russian Empire); 1898–1912 Ukraine (Kropyvnytsky / Russian imp. //); 1913–1913 Great. (Edinburgh); 1914–1916 Russia (Moscow // Russian imp.); 1917–1918 Russia (Moscow // RSFSR); 1919–1920 Russia (Simferopol // Simferopol // RSFSR // 34.104167,44.948056); 1921–1921 Ukraine (Odessa // Ukrainian SSR); 1922–1971 Russia (Moscow // USSR). Nobel Prize in Physics 1958 Discovery and theory of the Cherenkov effect

Taylor, Richard 11/2/1929 Canada ( Medicine Hat // Medicine Hat // -110.6638,50.0385 ) physicist
Geobiography: 1929–1946 Canada ( Medicine Hat ); 1947–1952 Canada (Edmonton); 1953–1957 USA (Stanford); 1958–1960 France (Paris); 1961–1961 USA (Berkeley); 1962–2018 USA (Stanford); Nobel Prize in Physics 1990 (Fundamental research important for the development of the quark model)

Ting, Samuel Chao Chung 01/27/1936 USA (Ann Arbor); physicist. Geobiography: 1936–1936 USA (Ann Arbor); 1937–1946 China (Rizhao / Rìzhào // 120.0,36.067); 1947–1955 Taiwan (Taipei); 1956–1962 USA (Ann Arbor); 1963–1963 Switzerland (Geneva); 1964–1964 USA (Ann Arbor); 1965–1965 USA (New York); 1966–1966 Germany (Hamburg) // FRG), 1967–1970 USA (Boston); 1971–1972 USA (New York); 1973–2018 USA (Boston). Nobel Prize in Physics 1976 (contribution to the discovery of a new type of heavy elementary particle (Gypsy particle)

Tu Youyou 12/30/1930 China (Ningbo) physiologist
Geobiography: 1930–1950 China (Ningbo); 1951–2018 China (Beijing) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015 (for discoveries concerning new therapies against malaria)

Varadhan, Sathamangalam (Sathamangalam Varadhan ) 2.01.1940 India ( Chennai // Brit. India ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1940-1946 India (Chennai // Brit. India ); 1947-1959 India ( Chennai); 1960-1962 India (Calcutta); 1963-2020 USA (New York). Abel Prize in Mathematics 2007 (for fundamental contribution to probability theory, and especially for the creation of a unified theory of large deviations)

Sherrington, Charles 11/27/1857 Great. (London) - 03/04/1952 Great. (Eastbourne) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1857–1864 Great. (London); 1865–1874 Great. (Ipswich); 1875–1878 Great. (London); 1880–1885 Great. (Cambridge); 1886–1894 Great. (London); 1895–1912 Great. (Liverpool); 1913–1935 Great. (Oxford); 1936–1950 Great. (Ipswich); 1951–1952 Great. (Eastbourne). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932 (Discovery of the functions of neurons)

Semeredi, Endre (Endre Szemeredi) 08/21/1940 Hungary (Budapest) mathematician. Film Geobiography: 1940–1965 Hungary (Budapest); 1966–1970 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1971–2020 Hungary (Budapest) Abel Prize in Mathematics 2012 (for fundamental contributions to discrete mathematics and the theory of computer science, and in recognition of his profound and long-term contributions to additive number theory and era theory)

Sen, Amartya (Sen, Amartya ) 3.11.1933 India (Shantiniketan // Shantiniketan // Brit. India // 87.68,23.68 ) economist.
Geobiography: 1933-1939 India (Shantiniketan // Shantiniketan // Brit. India); 1940-1940 Bangladesh (Dhaka // Dhaka // Brit. India // 90.3 89,23.763889 ); 1941-1947 India (Shantiniketan // Shantiniketan // Brit. India ); 1948-1950 India ( Shantiniketan ); 1951-1952 India ( Calcutta ); 1953-1955 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1956-1957 India ( Calcutta ); 1958-1962 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1963-1970 India ( Delhi ); 1971-1976 Great. ( London ); 1977-1987 Great. ( Oxford ); 1988-1997 USA ( Boston ); 1998-2003 Great. ( Cambridge ); 2004-2030 USA ( Boston ). Nobel Prize in Economics 1998 (For his contribution to welfare economics))

Sifakis, Joseph (Joseph Sifakis) 12/26/1946 Greece (Heraklion) computer science.
Geobiography: 1946-1963 Greece (Heraklion); 1964–1969 Greece (Athens); 1970–2020 France (Grenoble) Turing Prize in Computer Science 2007

Sinai, Yakov Grigoryevich ( Sinai, Yakov ) 09/21/1935 Russia ( Moscow // USSR ) mathematician
Geobiography: 1935–1991 Russia ( Moscow // USSR ); 1992–1992 Russia (Moscow); 1993–2018 US (Princeton) Abel Prize in Mathematics 2014 (For fundamental contributions to the study of dynamical systems, era theory and mathematical physics)

Singleton, Andrew 1972 Great. (Guernsey) medic.
Geobiography: 1972–1989 Great. (Guernsey); 1990–1994 Great. (Sunderland); 1995–1998 Great. (Newcastle upon Tyne); 1999–2000 US (Jacksonville); 2001–2050 USA (Bethesda). 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For identification of GBA1 and LRRK2 as risk genes for Parkinson's disease, and for the involvement of autophagy and lysosomal biology as critical factors in the pathogenesis of the disease)

Skou, Jens (Skou, Jens) 10/8/1918 Denmark (Lemvig) chemist.
Geobiography: 1918–1932 Denmark (Lemvig); 1933–1936 Denmark (Haslev); 1937–1953 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1954–2018 Denmark (Aarhus). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 (for the discovery of an enzyme that transports ions across cell membranes)

Smirnov, Stanislav Konstantinovich (Stanislav Smirnov) 09/3/1970 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1970–1991 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1992–1995 US (Pasadena); 1996–1996 USA (Princeton); 1997–1997 Germany (Bonn); 1998–2002 Sweden (Stockholm); 2003–2002 Switzerland (Geneva) Fields Prize in Mathematics 2010 (for proving the conformal invariance of two-dimensional percolation and the Ising model in statistical physics)

Smith, Michael 04/36/1932 Great. (Blackpool // Blackpool // -2.9951,53.8108) — 10/4/2000 Canada (Vancouver) chemist
Geobiography: 1932–1949 Great. (Blackpool); 1950–1955 Great (Manchester); 1956–1959 Canada (Vancouver); 1960–1960 USA (Madison); 1961–2000 Canada (Vancouver) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1993 (Development of the method of site-directed mutagenesis and its application to establish the structure of proteins)

Smithies, Oliver 07/23/1925 Great. (Halifax) - 01/10/2017 USA (Chapel Hill) physiologist
Geobiography: 1925–1942 Great. (Halifax); 1943–1952 Great (Oxford); 1953–1959 Canada (Toronto); 1960–1987 USA (Madison); 1988–2017 US (Chapel Hill) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007 (Development of principles for the use of embryonic stem cells to breed genetically modified mice)

Soddy, Frederick 09/2/1877 Great. (Eastbourne) - 09/22/1956 Great. (Brighton) chemist.
Geobiography: 1877–1893 Great. (Eastbourne); 1894–1895 Great. (Aberystwyth); 1896–1899 Great. (Oxford); 1900–1902 Canada (Montreal); 1903–1903 Great (London); 1904–1913 Great. (Glasgow); 1914–1918 Great (Aberdeen); 1919–1935 Great (Oxford); 1936–1956 Great (Brighton). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1921 (Development of the chemistry of radioactive substances and investigation of the nature of isotopes)

Steinman, Ralph 01/14/1943 Canada (Montreal) - 11/30/2011 USA (New York) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1943–1944 Canada (Montreal); 1945– Canada (Sherbrooke // Sherbrooke // -71.8684 ,45.4464); 1959–1962 Canada (Montreal); 1963–1969 USA (Boston); 1970–2011 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 (for the discovery of dendritic cells and their role in adaptive immunity; awarded posthumously)

Steklov, Vladimir Andreevich (Vladimir Steklov) 01/09/1864 Russia (Nizhny Novgorod // Russian Empire) - 05/30/1926 Russia (Gaspra // USSR // 34.1103,44.4292) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1864–1881 Russia (Nizhny Novgorod // Russian Empire); 1882–1882 Russia (Moscow // Russian Empire); 1883–1905 Ukraine (Kharkov // Russian Empire); 1906–1916 Russia (St. Petersburg // Russian Empire); 1917–1921 Russia (St. Petersburg // Soviet Russia); 1922–1925 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1926–1926 Russia (Gaspra // USSR). In 1912 he was elected an academician

Stoddart, James 05/24/1942 Great. (Edinburgh) chemist.
Geobiography: 1942–1948 Great. (Edinburgh); 1949–1952 Great ( Carrington // Carrington // -3.0903,55.8328 ); 1953–1966 Great (Edinburgh); 1967–1969 Canada (Kingston); 1970–1989 Great (Sheffield); 1990–1996 Great (Birmingham); 1997–2007 USA (Los Angeles); 2008–2020 USA (Evanston). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 (for the design and synthesis of molecular machines)

Solow, Robert (Solow, Robert) 08/23/1924 USA (New York) economist.
Geobiography: 1924–1939 USA (New York); 1940–1941 USA (Boston); 1942–1942 Tunisia (Fr.) (Tunisia); 1943–1943 Italy (Syracuse); 1944–1944 Italy (Rome); 1945–1948 USA (Boston); 1949–1950 USA (New York); 1951–2030 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Economics 1987 (For contributions to the theory of economic growth)

Südhof, Thomas ( Thomas Südhof ) 12/22/1955 Germany ( Göttingen / West Germany ) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1955–1972 Germany (Göttingen / Germany); 1973–1975 Germany (Hannover/FRG); 1976–1979 Germany (Aachen) / FRG; 1980–1980 USA (Boston); 1981–1982 Germany (Göttingen / Germany); 1983–1985 USA (Dallas); 1986–1987 USA (Chevy Chase); 1988–1994 USA (Dallas); 1995–1997 Germany (Göttingen); 1998–2007 USA (Dallas); 2008–2020 USA (Stanford). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013 (For the discovery of the mechanisms that regulate vesicular transport, the main transport system of our cells)

Sumner, James 11/19/1887 USA (Boston) - 08/12/1955 USA (Buffalo) chemist.
Geobiography: 1887–1910 USA (Boston); 1911–1911 Canada (Sackville); 1912–1913 USA (Boston); 1914–1954 USA (Ithaca); 1955–1955 USA (Buffalo) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946 (First preparation of an enzyme (urease) in crystalline form and proof of its protein nature)

Song Song (song of the sun ) China 1987 (Anqing // Anqing ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1987-2001 China (Anqing ); 2002-2006 China (Hefei ); 2007-2010 USA (Madison, Wisconsin); 2011-2012 Great. (London); 2013-2017 USA (New York ); 2018-2050 USA ( Berkeley ). New Horizons of Mathematics Award 2021 For many breakthrough works in complex differential geometry, including existence theorems for Kaehler-Einstein metrics and connection with questions about modules and singularities)

Szent-Györgyi, Albert (Szent-Györgyi, Albert) 09/16/1893 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary) - 10/22/1986 USA (Falmouth) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1893–1918 Hungary (Budapest); 1919–1919 Slovakia (Bratislava // Czechoslovakia); 1920–1920 Germany (Berlin); 1921–1921 Netherlands (Leiden); 1922–1925 Netherlands (Groningen); 1926–1929 Great (Cambridge); 1930–1944 Hungary (Szeged); 1945–1946 Hungary (Budapest); 1947–1986 USA (Falmouth). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937 (Works on biological oxidation and isolation of vitamin C in crystalline form)

Shamir, Adi (Adi Shamir) 07/6/1952 Israel (Tel Aviv) computer scientist.
Geobiography: 1952–1972 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1973–1975 Israel (Rehovot); 1976–1976 Great (Coventry); 1977–1979 USA (Boston); 1980–2020 Israel (Rehovot) Turing Award in Computer Science 2002 (For his unique contribution to increasing the practical utility of public-key encryption systems)

Shelah, Saharon (Saharon Shelah) 3.07.1945 Israel (Jerusalem // Palestine (brit.)) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1945–1947 Israel (Jerusalem // Palestine (brit.)); 1948–1960 Israel (Jerusalem); 1961–1966 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1967–2020 Israel (Jerusalem). Bolyai Prize 2000. Wolf Prize in Mathematics in Mathematics 2001 for numerous contributions to mathematical logic and set theory, as well as their applications in other branches of mathematics

Shechtman, Dan (Dan Shechtman) 01/24/1941 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (brit.) chemist.
Geobiography: 1941–1947 Israel (Tel Aviv // Palestine (brit.); 1948–1950 Israel ( Tel Aviv); 1951-1961 Israel (Petah Tikva; 1962-1980 Israel (Haifa); 1981-1982 USA (Baltimore); 1983-1991 Israel (Haifa); 1992-1993 USA (Washington); 1994-2018 Israel (Haifa) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2011 (for the discovery of quasicrystals)

Schmidt, Brian (Brian Schmidt) 2/24/1967 USA (Missoula) physicist.
Geobiography: 1967–1979 USA (Missoula); 1980–1984 USA (Anchorage // Anchorage // -149.8992,61.2136); 1985–1988 USA (Tucson); 1989–1993 USA (Boston); 1994–2020 Australia (Canberra) Nobel Prize in Physics 2011 (for the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe through the observation of distant supernovae). Prize in Fundamental Physics 2015 (for the most unexpected discovery - the expansion of the Universe is accelerating, not slowing down, as it has long been believed)

Scholes, Myron (Scholes, Myron) 07/1/1941 Canada (Timmins // Timmins // -81.333333,48.466667) economist.
Geobiography: 1941–1950 Canada (Timmins); 1951–1962 Canada (Hamilton); 1963–1967 USA (Chicago); 1968–1972 USA (Boston); 1973–1980 USA (Chicago); 1981–2030 USA (Stanford) Nobel Prize in Economics 1997 (For their method of valuing financial derivatives)

Schrödinger, Erwin (Schrödinger, Erwin) 08/12/1887 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary) - 01/4/1961 Austria (Vienna). physicist.
Geobiography: 1887–1916 Austria (Vienna); 1917–1917 Austria (Wiener Neustadt // Austria-Hungary); 1918–1919 Austria (Vienna); 1920–1920 Poland (Wroclaw // Germany); 1921–1926 Switzerland (Zurich); 1927–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1935 Great (Oxford); 1936–1938 Austria (Graz); 1939–1939 Belgium (Ghent); 1940–1955 Ireland (Dublin); 1956–1961 Austria (Vienna) Nobel Prize in Physics 1933 (Discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory, i.e. creation of the equations of quantum mechanics)

Seiberg, Nathan (Seiberg, Nathan) 09/22/1956 Israel (Tel Aviv) physicist.
Geobiography: 1956–1981 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1982–1997 Israel (Rehovot); 1998–2050 USA (Princeton) Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for significant contributions to our understanding of quantum field theory and string theory, fundamental applications of physics and mathematics)

Yau Shingtong ( Shing-Tung Yau ) 4/4/1949 China ( Shantou // Shantou ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1949-1949 China ( Shantou ); 1950–1968 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (brit.)); 1969–1970 USA (Berkeley); 1971–1971 US (Princeton); 1972–1973 USA (New York); 1974–1983 USA (Stanford); 1984–1986 USA (San Diego); 1987–2020 USA (Boston) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1982 for contributions to differential geometry and topology. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2010 for work in geometric analysis that has had a strong influence on many areas of geometry and physics

Sen, Ashok 15.07.1956 India (Calcutta ) physicist. Geobiography: 1956-1975 India ( Calcutta ); 1976-1977 India ( Kanpur ); 1978-1981 USA ( Stony Brook, New York ); 1982-1984 USA ( Chicago ); 1985-1987 USA ( Stanford ); 1988-1994 India ( Mumbai ); 1995-2050 India ( Allahabad ); . Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for the discovery of striking evidence of the dualism of weak and strong interactions in a number of supersymmetric string theories and the idea of gauge invariance)

Schally, Andrzej 11/30/1926 Lithuania (Vilnius // Vilnius // Poland // 25.3382,54.6718) physiologist
Geobiography: 1926–1938 Lithuania (Vilnius // Poland); 1939–1944 Romania (Bucharest); 1945–1945 Great (Edinburgh); 1946–1951 Great (London); 1952–1956 Canada (Montreal); 1957–1961 USA (Houston); 1962–2018 USA (New Orleans) . Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977 (Discoveries related to the secretion of brain peptide hormones and the development of methods for their determination)

Serre, Jean-Pierre 09/15/1926 France ( Bage // Bages ) mathematician
Geobiography: 1926–1932 France ( Bages ); 1933–1944 France (Nimes); 1945–2018 France (Paris) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1954, Abel Prize in Mathematics 2003 (for his key role in giving modern form to many branches of mathematics, including topology, algebraic geometry, and number theory)

Shor, Peter 14.08.1959 USA (New York) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1959–1976 USA (New York); 1977–1980 US (Pasadena); 1981–1984 USA (Boston); 1985–1985 US (Berkeley); 1986–2002 US (Murray Hill); 2003–2050 USA (Boston) Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 1998. Fundamental Physics Prize 2023 (For fundamental work in the field of quantum information)

Slayer, Tracy (Slatyer, Tracy) physicist.
Geobiography: 1987-1995 Solomon Islands (Honiara); 1996–2001 Fiji (Suva); 2002–2009 Australia (Canberra); 2010–2013 US (Princeton); 2014–2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons Physics Award 2021 (For major contributions to particle astrophysics, from dark matter models to the discovery of Fermi bubbles)

Smale, Stephen ( Smale, Stephen ) 07/15/1930 USA ( Flint -83.6353,42.9954 ) mathematician
Geobiography: 1930–1947 USA ( Flint ); 1948–1956 USA (Ann Arbor); 1957–1959 USA (Chicago); 1960–1960 USA (Berkeley); 1961–1963 USA (New York); 1964–1994 USA (Berkeley); 1995–1996 China ( Hong Kong // Hong Kong (UK) ); 1997–2001 China ( Hong Kong ); 2002–2018 USA (Chicago) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966

Smirnov, Stanislav Konstantinovich (Stanislav Smirnov) 09/3/1970 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1970–1991 Russia (St. Petersburg // USSR); 1992–1995 US (Pasadena); 1996–1996 USA (Princeton); 1997–1997 Germany (Bonn); 1998–2002 Sweden (Stockholm); 2003–2002 Switzerland (Geneva) Fields Prize in Mathematics 2010 (for proving the conformal invariance of two-dimensional percolation and the Ising model in statistical physics)

Stanley, Wendell (Stanley, Wendell) 08/16/1904 USA (Ridgeville) - 06/15/1971 Spain (Salamanca) chemist.
Geobiography: 1904–1921 USA (Ridgeville); 1922–1926 USA (Richmond); 1927–1929 USA (Champaign); 1930–1930 Germany (Munich); 1931–1931 USA (New York); 1932–1947 USA (Princeton); 1948–1970 USA (Berkeley); 1971–1971 Spain (Salamanca) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1946 (Obtaining a number of enzymes and viruses in crystalline form)

Stark, Johannes (Stark, Johannes) 04/15/1874 Germany (Frayung) - 06/21/1957 Germany (Traunstein) physicist.
Geobiography: 1874–1880 Germany (Frayung); 1881–1 Germany (Bayreuth); 1889–1890 Germany (Regensburg); 1891–1899 Germany (Munich); 1900–1905 Germany (Göttingen); 1906–1908 Germany (Hannover); 1909–1916 Germany (Aachen); 1917–1919 Germany (Greifswald); 1920–1932 Germany (Würzburg); 1933–1944 Germany (Berlin); 1945–1956 Germany (Munich); 1957–1957 Germany (Traunstein); Nobel Prize in Physics 1919 (Discovery of the Doppler effect in canal beams and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields)

Staudinger, Hermann ( Staudinger, Hermann ) 03/23/1881 Germany ( Worms // Worms // 8.365278,49.631944 ) - 09/08/1965 Germany ( Freiburg im Breisgau ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1881–1899 Germany (Worms); 1900–1903 Germany (Halle); 1904–1905 Germany (Munich); 1906–1906 Germany (Darmstadt); 1907–1907 France (Strasbourg // Germany); 1908–1911 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1912–1925 Switzerland (Zurich); 1926–1965 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1953 (Works in the field of macromolecular chemistry, polymer theory)

Stein, Elias ( Stein, Elias ) 01/13/1931 Belgium( Antwerp ) - 12/23/2018 USA ( Somerville // Somerville // -74.607682,40.56975 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1931–1939 Belgium (Antwerp); 1940–1948 USA (New York); 1949–1954 USA (Chicago); 1955–1957 USA (Boston); 1958–1962 USA (Chicago); 1963–2017 US (Princeton); 2018–2018 USA (Somerville). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1999 for contributions to classical and "Euclidean" Fourier analysis, and for his particular influence on a new generation of analysts through his brilliant teaching and his work

Steinberger, Jack 05/25/1921 Germany (Bad Kissingen) physicist.
Geobiography: 1921–1934 Germany (Bad Kissingen); 1935–1941 USA (Chicago); 1942–1945 USA (Boston); 1946–1947 USA (Chicago); 1948–1948 USA (Princeton); 1949–1949 USA (Berkeley); 1950–1967 USA (New York); 1968–2018 Switzerland (Geneva). Nobel Prize in Physics 1988 (Proof of the existence of two types of neutrinos)

Störmer, Horst ( Horst Störmer ) 04/06/1949 Germany (Frankfurt am Main) physicist.
Geobiography: 1949–1973 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1974–1975 France (Grenoble); 1976–1976 Germany (Stuttgart); 1977–1996 USA (Murray Hill); 1997–2020 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 (Research on the transformation of an electron liquid (at low temperatures and in a strong magnetic field) into particles with new properties (in particular, with a fractional electric charge)

Sudan, Madhu (Madhu Sudan ) 12.09.1966 India (Chennai ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1966-1983 India ( Chennai); 1984-1987 India ( Delhi); 1988-1991 USA ( Berkeley ); 1992-1996 USA (New York); 1997-2020 USA (Boston). Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 2002

Shostak, Jack (Jack Szostak) 11/9/1952 Great. (London) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1952–1952 Great. (London); 1953–1956 Canada (Ottawa); 1957–1959 Germany (Zweibrücken // Zweibrücken // 7.4158,49.2429); 1960–1965 Canada (Ottawa); 1966–1971 Canada (Montreal); 1972–1976 US (Ithaca); 1977–2020 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009 (for the discovery of the mechanisms of protection of chromosomes by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase)

Spemann, Hans (Spemann, Hans) 06/27/1869 Germany (Stuttgart // Württemberg) - 09/09/1941 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1869–1870 Germany (Stuttgart // Württemberg); 1871–1 Germany (Stuttgart); 1889–1889 Germany (Kassel); 1890–1890 Germany (Hamburg); 1891–1892 Germany (Heidelberg); 1893–1894 Germany (Munich); 1895–1907 Germany (Würzburg); 1908–1913 Germany (Rostock); 1914–1918 Germany (Berlin); 1919–1941 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1935 (Discovery of "organizers" - parts of the embryo that influence the direction of embryonic development of its other parts)

Spence, Michael 11/7/1943 USA (Montclair, New Jersey) economist.
Geobiography: 1943–1954 USA (Montclair); 1955–1961 Canada (Toronto); 1962–1966 USA (Princeton); 1967–1968 Great (Oxford); 1969–1972 USA (Boston); 1973–1974 USA (Stanford); 1975–1989 USA (Boston); 1990–2009 USA (Stanford); 2010–2030 USA (New York) Nobel Prize in Economics 2001 (For the analysis of markets with asymmetric information)

Strutt, John 11/12/1842 UK (Mauldon) - 06/30/1919 UK (Witham). 1842–1848 UK. (Mauldon); 1849–1860 UK. (London); 1861–1886 UK. (Cambridge); 1886–1907 UK (London); 1908–1918 UK (Cambridge); 1919–1919 UK (Witham). Lord Rayleigh. Nobel Prize in Physics 1904 (Discovery of argon). Rayleigh scattering, Rayleigh waves

Yau Shingtong ( Shing-Tung Yau ) 4.04.1949 China ( Shantou // Shantou // 116.7213,23.341 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1949-1949 China ( Shantou ); 1950–1968 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (UK) // 114.276,22.3799); 1969–1970 USA (Berkeley); 1971–1971 US (Princeton); 1972–1973 USA (New York); 1974–1983 USA (Stanford); 1984–1986 USA (San Diego); 1987–2020 USA (Boston) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1982 (for contributions to differential geometry and topology)

Sullivan, Dennis ( Sullivan, Dennis ) 02/12/1941 USA ( Port Huron // Port Huron // -82.4249,42.9632 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1941–1947 USA (Port Huron); 1948–1963 USA (Houston); 1964–1966 USA (Princeton); 1967–1967 Great (Coventry); 1968–1968 USA (Berkeley); 1969–1972 USA (Boston); 1973–1980 France (Paris); 1981–2020 USA (New York) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2010 for pioneering contributions to algebraic topology and conformal dynamics

Szilard, Leo 02/11/1898 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary) — 05/30/1964 USA (San Diego) physicist.
Geobiography: 1898–1917 Hungary ( Budapest // Austria-Hungary ); 1918–1918 Hungary (Budapest); 1919–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1937 Great (London); 1938–1941 USA (New York); 1942–1960 USA (Chicago); 1961–1962 USA (Washington); 1963–1964 USA (San Diego) Einstein Prize 1960

Tao, Terence (Terence Tao) 07/17/1975 Australia (Adelaide) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1975–1988 Australia (Adelaide); 1989–1990 USA (Boston); 1991–1991 Australia (Adelaide); 1992–1995 USA (Princeton); 1996–2020 USA (Los Angeles) Fields Medal in Mathematics 2006. Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2015 (for breakthrough contributions to harmonic analysis, combinatorics, partial differential equations, and analytic number theory)

Taube, Henry 11/30/1915 Canada (Newdorf) - 11/16/2005 USA (Palo Alto) chemist.
Geobiography: 1915–1926 Canada (Newdorf); 1927–1933 Canada (Regina); 1934–1937 Canada (Saskatoon); 1938–1940 USA (Berkeley); 1941–1945 USA (Ithaca); 1946–1961 USA (Chicago); 1962–2001 USA (Stanford); 2002–2005 US (Palo Alto) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1983 (Development of the mechanism of reactions with electron transfer, in particular in solutions containing metal complexes)

Thom, René 09/2/1923 France (Montbéliard) - 10/25/2002 France (Bure-sur-Yvette) mathematician. .
Geobiography: 1923 — 1929 France (Montbeliard); 1930 - 1951 France (Paris); 1952-1952 USA (Princeton); 1953 - 1954 France (Grenoble); 1955 - 1963 France (Strasbourg); 1964-2002 France (Bure-sur-Yvette). Fields Medal in 1958 _a. (Founder of catastrophe theory)

Thomson, Joseph John 12/18/1856 Great. (Manchester) - 08/30/1940 physicist.
Geobiography: 1856– 1875 Great. (Manchester); 1876–1940 Great. (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physics 1906 (Research on the electrical conductivity of gases). Electron

Thomson, George Paget 05/3/1892 Velik (Cambridge) - 09/10/1975 Velik (Cambridge) physicist.
Geobiography: 1892–1914 Velik (Cambridge); 1915–1919 Velik (Farnborough); 1920–1921 Velik (Cambridge); 1922–1929 Velik (Aberdeen); 1930–1941 Velik (London); 1942–1943 Canada (Ottawa); 1944–1951 Velik (London); 1952–1975 Velik (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Physics 1937 (Experimental discovery of electron diffraction in crystals)

Thomson, William 06/26/1824 Great. (Belfast) - 17.12. 1907 Great. (Largs) physicist. 1824– 1832 Great. (Belfast); 1833– 1840 Great. (Glasgow); 1841– 1844 Great. (Cambridge); 1945-1945 France (Paris); 1846-1899 Great. (Glasgow); 1900-1907 Great. (Largs). Lord Kelvin. K (Kelvin) is a unit of thermodynamic temperature. 2nd law of thermodynamics.

Teller, Edward (Teller, Edward) 01/15/1908 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary) - 09/09/2003 USA (Stanford) physicist.
Geobiography: 1908–1917 Hungary ( Budapest // Austria-Hungary ); 1918–1925 Hungary (Budapest); 1926–1927 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1928–1928 Germany (Munich); 1929–1930 Germany (Leipzig); 1931–1932 Germany (Göttingen); 1933–1933 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1934–1934 Great (London); 1935–1941 USA (Washington); 1942–1952 USA (Los Alamos); 1953–2002 USA (Berkeley); 2003–2003 USA (Stanford) "Father of the H-Bomb". Einstein Prize (1958)

Theorell, Axel (Theorell, Axel) 07/06/1903 Sweden (Linköping) - 08/15/1982 Sweden (Stockholm) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1903–1920 Sweden (Linköping); 1921–1931 Sweden (Stockholm); 1932–1932 Sweden (Uppsala); 1933–1934 Germany (Berlin); 1935–1982 Sweden (Stockholm) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1955 (Study of the nature and mechanism of action of oxidative enzymes)

Thorne, Jack 13.06.1987 Gr. Britain (Hereford) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1987–2004 Gr. Britain (Hereford); 2005–2011 Gr. Britain (Cambridge); 2012–2014 USA (Boston); 2015–2050 Gr. Britain (Cambridge). New Horizons in Mathematics Award (For transformative contributions to various areas of algebraic number theory, in particular for proving, in collaboration with James Newton, that all symmetric powers of a holomorphic modular new form are automorphic)

Tiselius, Arne 08/10/1902 Sweden (Stockholm) - 10/29/1971 Sweden (Uppsala) chemist.
Geobiography: 1902–1905 Sweden (Stockholm); 1906–1920 Sweden (Gothenburg); 1921–1933 Sweden (Uppsala); 1934–1935 USA (Princeton); 1936–1971 Sweden (Uppsala) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1948 (Development of methods for electrophoretic and adsorption-chromatographic analysis and their application to the separation of whey proteins)

Tyrol, Jean ( Tirole, Jean ) 08/9/1953 France ( Troyes // Troyes // 4.0792,48.2997 ) economist.
Geobiography: 1953–1968 France (Troyes); 1969–1970 France (Nancy); 1971–1983 France (Paris); 1984–1991 USA (Boston); 1992–2030 France (Toulouse) Nobel Prize in Economics 2014 (for his analysis of market power and its regulation)

Tonelli, Guido (Tonelli, Guido) 11/8/1950 Italy (Casola in Lunigiana // Casola in Lunigiana) physicist.
Geobiography: 1950–1967 Italy (Casola in Lunigiana); 1968–1975 Italy (Pisa); 1976–1980 Switzerland (Geneva); 1981–1987 USA (Chicago); 1988–1991 Switzerland (Geneva); 1992–2050 Italy (Pisa) Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for a leading role in a scientific project that led to the discovery of a particle similar to the Higgs boson)

Tsimerman, Jacob 28.04.1988 Russia (Kazan // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1988–1989 Russia (Kazan // USSR); 1990–1995 Israel (Tel Aviv); 1996–2009 Canada (Toronto); 2010–2011 USA (Princeton); 2012–2050 Canada (Toronto) "New Horizons in Mathematics" Prize. For distinguished work in analytic number theory and arithmetic geometry, including discoveries in the field of the André-Oort and Griffiths conjectures.

Tsui, Daniel (Daniel Tsui) 2/28/1939 China (Pingdingshan // Pingdingshan // 113.4098,33.7169 // Republic of China) physicist.
Geobiography: 1939–1948 China (Pingdingshan // Republic of China); 1949–1950 China (Pingdingshan); 1951–1956 China (Hong Kong // Hong Kong (UK) // 114.276,22.3799); 1957–1957 Taiwan (Taipei); 1958–1961 USA (Rock Island // Rock Island // -90.573056,41.489167); 1962–1967 USA (Chicago); 1968–1981 USA (Murray Hill); 1982–2010 USA (Princeton); 2011–2020 USA (Boston); Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 (Research on the transformation of an electron liquid (at low temperatures and in a strong magnetic field) into particles with new properties (in particular, with a fractional electric charge))

Tiffenberg, Javier 1979 Argentina (Buenos Aires) physicist.
Geobiography: 1979-2011 Argentina (Buenos Aires); 2012-2050 USA (Chicago). New Horizons of Physics Award 2021 (For achievements in the detection of dark matter with an energy of less than GeV, especially in relation to the SENSEI experiment)

Tits, Jacques (Tits, Jacques) 08/12/1930 Belgium (Brussels) – 12/5/2021 France (Paris) mathematician
Geobiography: 1930–1963 Belgium (Brussels); 1964–1973 Germany (Bonn); 1974–2021 France (Paris). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1993 for innovative and fundamental contributions to the theory of structure of algebraic and other classes of groups, and in particular to the theory of constructions. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2008 for profound achievements in algebra, in particular for giving modern form to group theory

Tinbergen, Niko (Tinbergen, Niko) 04/15/1907 Netherlands (The Hague) - 12/21/1988 Great. (Oxford) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1907–1925 The Netherlands (The Hague); 1926–1941 Netherlands (Leiden); 1942-1944 Netherlands (Sint-Michelsgestel); 1945–1948 Netherlands (Leiden); 1949–1988 Great (Oxford). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973 (Research in the field of individual and social behavior of animals)

Tinbergen, Jan (Tinbergen, Jan) 04/12/1903 The Netherlands (The Hague) - 06/9/1994 The Netherlands (The Hague) economist.
Geobiography: 1903–1920 Netherlands (The Hague); 1921–1928 Netherlands (Leiden); 1929–1930 Netherlands (The Hague); 1931–1932 Netherlands (Amsterdam); 1933–1935 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1936–1937 Switzerland (Geneva); 1938–1954 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1955–1955 USA (Boston); 1956–1972 Netherlands (Rotterdam); 1973–1974 Netherlands (Leiden); 1975–1994 Netherlands (The Hague). Nobel Prize in Economics 1969 (for the development and application of dynamic models to the analysis of economic processes)

Todd, Alexander (Todd, Alexander) 10/2/1907 Great. ( Glasgow ) - 01/10/1997 Great. (Cambridge) chemist.
Geobiography: 1907–1929 Great. (Glasgow); 1930–1931 Germany (Frankfurt am Main); 1932–1932 Great (Oxford); 1933–1936 Great (Edinburgh); 1937–1937 Great (London); 1938–1943 Great (Manchester); 1944–1997 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1957 (Synthesis of nucleotides and nucleotide coenzymes)

Tomonaga, Sin'ichiro (Tomonaga, Sin'ichirō) 03/31/1906 Japan (Tokyo) - 07/08/1979 Japan (Tokyo) physicist.
Geobiography: 1906-1925 Japan (Tokyo); 1926–1933 Japan (Kyoto); 1934–1936 Japan (Tokyo); 1937–1938 Germany (Leipzig); 1939–1948 Japan (Tokyo); 1949–1949 USA (Princeton); 1950–1979 Japan (Tokyo) Nobel Prize in Physics 1965 (Fundamental work on the creation of quantum electrodynamics (with important implications for particle physics)

Thompson, Jeff 1985 USA (New Haven) physicist
Geobiography: 1985-2006 USA (New Haven); 2007-2014 USA (Boston); 2015-2050 USA (Princeton). New Horizons in Physics Award 2023 (For the development of optical tweezer arrays to implement single-atom control for applications in quantum information science, metrology and molecular physics)

Urey, Harold (Urey, Harold) 04/29/1893 USA (Walkerton) - 01/5/1981 USA (San Diego) chemist.
Geobiography: 1893–1907 USA (Walkerton); 1908–1910 USA (Kendalville); 1911–1913 USA (Richmond); 1914–1917 USA (Misoulah); 1918–1918 USA (Philadelphia); 1919–1920 USA (Missoula); 1921–1922 USA (Berkeley); 1923–1923 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1924–1928 USA (Baltimore); 1929–1944 USA (New York); 1945–1955 USA (Chicago); 1956–1957 Velik (Cambridge); 1958–1981 USA (San Diego) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1934 (Discovery of heavy hydrogen (deuterium)

Li Zhengdao (Tsung-Dao Lee) 11/24/1926 China (Shanghai // Republic of China) - 08/04/2024 USA (San Francisco) physicist
Geobiography: 1926–1942 China (Shanghai // Republic of China); 1943–1944 China (Hangzhou // Republic of China //); 1945–1945 China (Kunming // Republic of China); 1946–1949 USA (Chicago); 1950–1951 US (Berkeley); 1952–1952 USA (Chicago); 1953–2018 USA (New York); 2019–2024 USA (San Francisco).Nobel Prize in Physics 1957 (Research into so-called conservation laws (the discovery of parity nonconservation in weak interactions), which led to important discoveries in particle physics)

Vafa, Kamran (Vafa, Cumrun) 08/1/1960 Iran (Tehran) physicist.
Geobiography: 1960-1976 Iran (Tehran); 1977–1981 USA (Boston); 1982–1984 USA (Princeton); 1985–2050 USA (Boston) Front Line Physics Award 2014 (for numerous profound and revolutionary contributions to quantum field theory, quantum gravity, string theory and geometry. Their joint statistical derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking formula unified the laws of thermodynamics with the laws of black hole dynamics and showed the holographic nature of quantum space- time). Fundamental Physics Prize 2017 (for formulating the "wall of fire paradox" - a theory that explains why black holes violate the laws of physics)

Vallée Poussin (Poussin), Charles Jean de la Vallée Poussin 08/14/1866 Belgium ( Leuven ) - 03/2/1962 Belgium ( Leuven ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1866–1913 Belgium ( Leuven ); 1914–1915 USA (Boston); 1916–1916 France (Paris); 1917–1962 Belgium (Leuven). Poncelet Prize 1916

Valiant, Leslie (Leslie Valiant) 03/28/1949 Hungary (Budapest) computer scientist.
Geobiography: 1949–1955Hungary (Budapest);1956–1963 Great (Newcastle upon Tyne); 1964–1966 Great (London); 1967–1969 Great (Cambridge); 1970–1971 Great (London); 1972–1972 Great ( Coventry // Coventry // -1.510556,52.408056 ); 1973–1973 USA (Pittsburgh); 1974–1974 Great (Leeds); 1975–1981 Great (Edinburgh); 1982–2020 USA (Boston) Turing Prize in Computer Science 2010 (For contributions to the theory of algorithms, including approximately correct learning, the theory of enumeration complexity and calculus, and the theory of parallel and distributed computing)

Van Goor, Fredrick 1968 Canada (Calgary) physician.
Geobiography: 1968–1985 Canada (Calgary); 1986–1996 Canada (Edmonton); 1997–2001 US (Bethesda) 2001–2050 US (San Diego) 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For development of life-transforming drug combinations that repair defective chloride channel protein in patients with cystic fibrosis)

Van Goor, Fredrick 1968 Canada (Calgary) physician.
Geobiography: 1968–1985 Canada (Calgary); 1986–1996 Canada (Edmonton); 1997–2001 US (Bethesda) 2001–2050 US (San Diego) 2024 Medical Breakthrough Award (For development of life-transforming drug combinations that repair defective chloride channel protein in patients with cystic fibrosis)

Varshavsky, Alexander Yakovlevich (Varshavsky, Alexander) 11/8/1946 Russia (Moscow // USSR) medic.
Geobiography: 1946–1976 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1977–1991 USA (Boston); 1992–2050 US (Pasadena) Medical Breakthrough Award 2014 (for work on the causes and molecular mechanisms of intracellular protein degradation)

Veltman, Martinus ( Veltman, Martinus ) 06/27/1931 Netherlands ( Waalwijk // Waalwijk // 5.1217,51.6711 ) – 4.01.2021 Netherlands (Utrecht) physicist
Geobiography: 1931–1947 Netherlands ( Waalwijk ); 1948–1960 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1961–1967 Switzerland (Geneva); 1968–1980 Netherlands (Utrecht); 1981–1995 USA (Ann Arbor); 1996–2021 Netherlands (Utrecht) Nobel Prize in Physics 1999 (Research on the quantum structure of electroweak interactions)

Venkatesh, Akshay (Akshay Venkatesh) 11/21/1981 India (New Delhi // 77.20 9,28.613889) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1981–1982 India (New Delhi); 1983–1997 Australia (Perth); 1998–2001 USA (Princeton); 2002–2003 USA (Boston); 2004–2005 USA (Peterborough); 2006–2007 USA (Princeton); 2008–2017 USA (Stanford); 2018–2020 US (Princeton) Fields Medal in Mathematics 2018

Vieira, Pedro (Vieira, Pedro) 07/21/1982 Portugal (Porto) physicist.
Geobiography: 1982–2004 Portugal (Porto); 2005–2006 France (Paris); 2007–2009 Germany (Potsdam); 2010–2050 Canada (Waterloo). New Horizons Physics Award 2020 (For major contributions to the understanding of quantum field theory)

Villani, Cedric ( Cédric Villani ) France ( Brive-la-Gaillard // Brive-la-Gaillarde // 1.5331,45.1432 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1973–1982 France ( Brive-la-Gaillard); 1983–1991 France ( Toulon // Toulon // 5.9285,43.0659 ); 1992–2020 France (Paris) Fields Prize in Mathematics 2010 (for proving the non-linearity of Landau damping (wave damping in a plasma) and convergence to equilibrium in the Boltzmann equation)

Virtanen, Artturi (Virtanen, Artturi) 01/15/1895 Finland (Helsinki // Helsinki // Russian imp.) - 11/11/1973 Finland (Helsinki) chemist.
Geobiography: 1895–1897 Finland (Helsinki); 1898–1912 Russia (Vyborg // Russian imp.); 1913–1916 Finland (Helsinki // Russian imp.); 1917–1917 Finland (Helsinki // RSFSR); 1918–1919 Finland (Helsinki); 1920–1920 Switzerland (Zurich); 1921–1922 Finland (Helsinki); 1923–1923 Sweden (Stockholm); 1924–1973 Finland (Helsinki). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1945 (Invention of the feed preservation method)

Voisin, Claire 03/4/1962 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1962–2020 France (Paris). Clay Institute of Mathematics Award 2008

Vyazovskaya, Marina (Viazovska, Maryna) 2.12.1984 Ukraine (Kyiv // USSR) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1984–1991 Ukraine (Kyiv // USSR); 1992–2005 Ukraine (Kyiv); 2006–2007 Germany (Kaiserslautern); 2008–2010 Ukraine (Kyiv); 2011–2013 Germany (Bonn); 2014–2016 Germany (Berlin); 2017–2050 Switzerland (Lausanne). New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2018 (for remarkable applications of the theory of modular forms to ball packing problems in individual dimensions)

Voevodsky, Vladimir Aleksandrovich (Vladimir Voevodsky) 06/4/1966 Russia (Moscow // USSR) - 09/30/2017 USA (Princeton) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1966–1990 Russia (Moscow // USSR); 1991–1991 USA (Boston); 1992–1992 USA (Princeton); 1993–1995 USA (Boston); 1996–1997 USA (Evanston); 1998–2017 USA (Princeton) Fields Prize in Mathematics 2002 (for the development of homotopy theory for algebraic varieties and the formulation of motivational cohomologies)

Volansky, Tomer 1977 Israel (Raanana // Ra'anana) physicist.
Geobiography: 1977–1994 Israel (Ra'anana); 1995–2003 Israel (Jerusalem); 2004–2010 Israel (Rehovot); 2011–2050 Israel (Tel Aviv). New Horizons Physics Award 2021 (For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter, especially in relation to the SENSEI experiment)

Valiron, Georges (Valiron, Georges) 09/07/1884 France (Lyon) - 03/17/1955 France (Paris) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1884-1901 France (Lyon); 1902–1907 France (Paris); 1908–1909 Spain (Valencia); 1910–1911 France (Besançon); 1912–1921 France (Paris); 1922–1930 France (Strasbourg); 1931–1955 France (Paris) Poncelet Prize 1948

Vallée Poussin (Poussin), Charles Jean de la Vallée Poussin 08/14/1866 Belgium (Leuven) - 03/2/1962 Belgium (Leuven) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1866–1913 Belgium (Leuven); 1914–1915 USA (Boston); 1916–1916 France (Paris); 1917–1962 Belgium (Leuven) Poncelet Prize 1916

Van der Waals, Jan Diederik 11/23/1837 The Netherlands (Leiden) - 3/8/1923 The Netherlands (Amsterdam), physicist.
Geobiography: 11/23/1837-1863 The Netherlands (Leiden), 1864-1865 The Netherlands ( Deventer), 1866-1876 Belgium (The Hague), 1877 8.3.1923 Netherlands (Amsterdam)

Van Vleck, John) 03/13/1899 USA (Middletown) - 10/27/1980 USA (Boston) physicist.
Geobiography: 1899–1905 USA (Middletown); 1906–1920 US (Madison); 1921–1922 USA (Boston); 1923–1928 US (Minneapolis); 1929–1933 US (Madison); 1934–1980 USA (Boston) Nobel Prize in Physics 1977 (Fundamental research in the field of electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems)

Wagner-Jauregg, Julius 03/7/1857 Austria (Wels // Austrian Empire) - 09/27/1940 Austria (Vienna) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1857–1866 Austria (Wels // Austrian Empire); 1867–1871 Austria (Wels // Austria-Hungary); 1872–1918 Austria (Vienna // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1940 Austria (Vienna). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927 (Discovery of the therapeutic effect of malaria in progressive paralysis)

Wald, George (18.11.1906 USA (New York) - 12.04.1997 USA (Boston) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1906–1931 USA (New York); 1932–1932 Switzerland (Zurich); 1933–1933 USA (Chicago); 1934–1997 USA (Boston). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967 (Research on the physiological and chemical mechanisms of vision)

Walter, Peter (Walter, Peter) 12/4/1954 Germany (West Berlin // West Berlin) medic.
Geobiography: 1954–1977 Germany (West Berlin // West Berlin); 1978–1982 USA (New York); 1983–2050 USA (San Francisco) 2018 Medical Breakthrough Award (for elucidating the unfolded protein response, a cell quality control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and directs cells to take corrective action)

Walton, Ernest (Walton, Ernest) 6.10.1903 Ireland (Dungarvan // Great Britain ) — 25.06.1991 Great. ( Belfast ) physicist. Geobiography: 1903-1905 Ireland ( Dungarvan// Great Britain); 1906-1908 Ireland ( Limerick // Great Britain ); 1909-1909 Ireland ( Monahan // Great Britain ); 1910-1912 Great. (Banbridge ); 1913-1913 Great. ( Cookstown // Cookstown // -6.745,54.647 ); 1914-1914 Ireland ( Dublin // UK ); 1915-1921 Great. ( Belfast ); 1922-1926 Ireland ( Dublin ); 1927-1933 Great. ( Cambridge ); 1934-1974 Ireland ( Dublin ); 1975-1991 Great. ( Belfast ). Nobel Prize in Physics 1951 (Studies of transformations of atomic nuclei using artificially accelerated particles)

Walker, John 01/07/1941 Great. ( Halifax // Halifax // -1.8079,53.7192 ) chemist.
Geobiography: 1941–1947 Great. (Halifax); 1948–1953 Great ( Rastrick // Rastrick // -1.7918,53.6965 ); 1954–1968 Great (Oxford); 1969–1970 USA (Madison); 1971–1973 France (Paris); 1974–2020 Great (Cambridge). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 (for elucidating the enzymatic mechanism for the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Wallach, Otto 03/27/1847 Russia (Kaliningrad // Prussia) - 02/26/1931 Germany (Göttingen) chemist.
Geobiography: 1847–1850 Russia (Kaliningrad // Prussia); 1851–1853 Poland (Szczecin // Prussia); 1854–1866 Germany (Potsdam // Prussia); 1867–1869 Germany (Göttingen // Prussia); 1870–1870 Germany (Bonn // Prussia); 1871–1889 Germany (Bonn); 1890–1931 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1910 (Achievements in the development of organic chemistry (alicyclic compounds) and the chemical industry)

Wang Yifang 1.02.1963 China (Nantong // Nantong) physicist.
Geobiography: 1963–1980 China (Nantong); 1981–1984 China (Nanjing); 1985–1989 Switzerland (Geneva); 1990–1991 Italy (Florence); 1992–1995 USA (Boston); 1996–2000 USA (Stanford); 2001–2050 China (Beijing) Fundamental Physics Prize 2016 (for experiments on neutrino oscillations)

Weber, Heinrich 03/05/1842 Germany (Heidelberg // Baden) - 05/30/1913 France (Strasbourg // Germany) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1842–1863 Germany ( Heidelberg // Baden ); 1864–1865 Russia (Kaliningrad // Prussia); 1866–1868 Germany (Heidelberg // Baden); 1869–1874 Switzerland (Zurich); 1875–1882 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1883–1883 ​​Germany (Berlin); 1884–1891 Germany (Marburg); 1892–1894 Germany (Göttingen); 1895–1913 France (Strasbourg // Germany). Chairman of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1904

Weinberg, Steven ( Weinberg, Steven ) 05/3/1933 USA ( New York ) – 23.07.2021 USA (Austin) physicist
Geobiography: 1933–1954 USA ( New York ); 1955–1955 Denmark (Copenhagen); 1956–1956 USA (Princeton); 1957–1958 USA (New York); 1959–1966 USA (Berkeley); 1967–1981 USA (Boston); 1982–2021 US (Austin) Nobel Prize in Physics 1979 (Contribution to the theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions between elementary particles (the so-called electroweak interaction). Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2021 (for continued leadership in fundamental physics that has had a wide impact on particle physics, gravity and cosmology, and also for the enlightenment of science)

Warburg Otto Heinrich (Warburg, Otto Heinrich) 10/08/1883 Germany (Freiburg) - 08/1/1970 Berlin (FRG) biochemist.
Geobiography: 1883–1900 Germany (Freiburg); 1901–1906 Germany (Berlin); 1907–1907 Germany (Heidelberg); 1908–1914 Italy (Naples); 1918-1970 Germany (Berlin) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1931 Discovery of the nature and functions of respiratory enzymes 1931

Warren, Robin 06/11/1937 Australia (Adelaide) — 23.07.2024 ( Perth ) physiologist
Geobiography: 1937–1966 Australia (Adelaide); 1967–2024 Australia (Perth ). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005 (for the discovery of the bacterium that causes gastritis and stomach ulcers)

Warren, Robin 06/11/1937 Australia (Adelaide) physiologist
Geobiography: 1937–1966 Australia (Adelaide); 1967–2020 Australia (Perth // Perth // 115.9135,-31.9613). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005 (for the discovery of the bacterium that causes gastritis and stomach ulcers)

Warburg Otto Heinrich (Warburg, Otto Heinrich) 10/08/1883 Germany (Freiburg) - 08/1/1970 Berlin (FRG) biochemist.
Geobiography: 1883–1900 Germany (Freiburg); 1901–1906 Germany (Berlin); 1907–1907 Germany (Heidelberg); 1908–1914 Italy (Naples); 1918–1970 Germany (Berlin) .Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for 1931. Discovery of the nature and functions of respiratory enzymes 1931

Watanabe, Haruki 1988 Japan (Tokyo) physicist.
Geobiography: 1988–2010 Japan (Tokyo); 2011–2015 US (Berkeley); 2016–2050 Japan (Tokyo). New Horizons in Physics Award 2022 (For pioneering theoretical work on the formulation of new phases of nonequilibrium quantum matter, including time crystals)

Weil, André (Weil, André) 05/06/1906 France (Paris) - 08/6/1998 USA (Princeton) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1906–1926 France (Paris); 1927–1927 Germany (Göttingen); 1928–1929 France (Paris); 1930–1931 India (Aligarh // Brit. India // Aligarh // 78.08,27.88); 1932–1932 France (Marseille); 1933–1939 France (Strasbourg); 1940–1940 France (Marseille); 1941–1942 USA (New York); 1943–1944 USA (Bethlehem // Bethlehem // -75.3755,40.6188); 1945–1946 Brazil (São Paulo); 1947–1957 USA (Chicago); 1958–1998 USA (Princeton) Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1979 for introducing algebro-geometric methods to number theory. Member of the "group of Nicolas Bourbaki"

Weiss, Rainer 09/29/1932 Germany (Berlin) physicist
Geobiography: 1932–1932 Germany (Berlin); 1933–1938 Czechoslovakia (Prague); 1939–1949 USA (New York); 1950–1959 USA (Boston); 1960–1961 USA (Medford); 1962–1963 USA (Princeton); 1964–2018 USA (Boston) Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2016 (for the discovery of gravitational waves that open up new horizons in astronomy and physics). Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 (For decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves)

Weissman, Drew 7.09.1959 USA (Lexington, Massachusetts) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1959–1976 USA (Lexington, Massachusetts); 1977–1996 USA (Boston); 1997–2050 USA (Philadelphia) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023 (for discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that have enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19)

Werner, Alfred (Werner, Alfred) 12/12/1866 France (Mulhouse) - 11/15/1919 Switzerland (Zurich) chemist.
Geobiography: 1866–1870 France (Mulhouse); 1871–1884 France (Mulhouse // Germany); 1885–1885 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1886–1919 Switzerland (Zurich). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1913 (Fundamental work in the field of chemical coordination (complex) compounds)

Werner, Wendelin ( Wendelin Werner ) 09/23/1968 Germany ( Cologne // FRG ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1968–1968 Germany (Cologne // FRG); 1969–2013 France (Paris); 2014–2020 Switzerland (Zurich). Fields Prize in Mathematics 2006 (for contributions to Löwner stochastic evolution, the geometry of two-dimensional Brownian motion, and conformal field theory)

Whipple, George 08/28/1878 USA (Ashland) - 02/1/1976 USA (Rochester) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1878–1886 USA (Ashland); 1887–1894 US (Andover); 1895–1900 US (New Haven); 1901–1906 US (Baltimore); 1907–1908 Panama (Panama); 1909–1913 US (Baltimore); 1914–1920 US (San Francisco); 1921–1976 USA (Rochester). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934 (Discovery of a method of treating anemia with drugs obtained from the liver)

Wieland, Heinrich (Wieland, Heinrich) 06/4/1877 Germany (Pforzheim) - 08/5/1957 Germany (Starnberg) chemist.
Geobiography: 1877–1895 Germany (Pforzheim); 1896–1897 Germany (Munich); 1898–1898 Germany (Stuttgart); 1899–1899 Germany (Berlin); 1900–1916 Germany (Munich); 1917–1918 Germany (Berlin); 1919–1920 Germany (Munich); 1921–1924 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1925–1952 Germany (Munich); 1953–1957 Germany (Starnberg) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1927 (Research on the structure of bile acids)

Wieschaus, Eric 06/8/1947 USA (South Bend // South Bend // -86.2004,41.665) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1947–1955 USA (South Bend); 1956–1964 USA (Birmingham // Birmingham // -86.83255,33.44382); 1965–1968 US (South Bend); 1969–1977 US (New Haven); 1978–1980 Germany (Heidelberg); 1981–2020 USA (Princeton); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995 (Study of the genetic regulation of the early stages of embryonic development)

Win, Wilhelm (Wien, Wilhelm) 01/13/1864 Russia (Primorsk // Prussia) - 08/30/1928 Germany (Munich) physicist.
Geobiography: 1864–1865 Russia (Primorsk // Prussia); 1866–1870 Poland (Kętrzyn // Prussia); 1871–1879 Poland (Kętrzyn // Germany); 1880–1881 Russia (Kaliningrad // Germany); 1882–1882 Germany (Göttingen); 1883–1895 Germany (Berlin); 1896–1898 Germany (Aachen); 1899–1899 Germany (Hesse); 1900–1918 Germany (Würzburg); 1919–1928 Germany (Munich); Nobel Prize in Physics 1911 (Discoveries in the field of thermal radiation). Wine Law

Wigderzon, Avi (Avi Wigderson) 9/9/1956 Israel (Haifa) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1956–1980 Israel (Haifa); 1981–1982 USA (Princeton); 1983–1983 USA (Berkeley); 1984–1984 USA (San Jose); 1985–1985 USA (Berkeley); 1986–2002 Israel (Jerusalem); 2003–2050 USA (Princeton). Abel Prize in Mathematics 2021 for fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics and a leading role in their emergence as central areas of modern mathematics. Turing Award 2023 (For seminal contributions to the theory of computing, including changing our understanding of the role of randomness in computing, and for decades of intellectual leadership in theoretical computer science)

Wigner, Eugene (Wigner, Eugene) 11/17/1902 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary) - 01/1/1995 USA (Princeton) physicist.
Geobiography: 1902–1918 Hungary (Budapest // Austria-Hungary); 1919–1920Hungary (Budapest); 1921–1926 Germany (Berlin); 1927–1927 Germany (Göttingen); 1928–1929 Germany (Berlin); 1930–1930 USA (Princeton); 1931–1936 Germany (Berlin); 1937–1937 USA (Madison); 1938–1941 USA (Princeton); 1942–1945 USA (Chicago); 1946–1946 USA (Oak Ridge); 1947–1963 USA (Princeton); 1964–1965 US (Oak Ridge); 1966–1995 USA (Princeton) Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 (Contribution to the theory of the atomic nucleus and elementary particles)

Wilkinson, Geoffrey (Wilkinson, Geoffrey) 07/14/1921 Great. (Manchester) - 09/26/1996 Great. (London) chemist.
Geobiography: 1921–1938 Great. (Manchester); 1939–1941 Great (London); 1942–1943 Canada (Montreal); 1944–1945 Canada (Choke River); 1946–1949 USA (Berkeley); 1950–1955 USA (Boston); 1956–1996 Great (London). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1973 (Works on the chemistry of organometallic compounds)

Williamson, Geordie ( Williamson, Geordie ) 1981 Australia ( Bowral // Bowral // 150.418056,-34.479167 ) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1981–1987 Australia ( Bowral ); 1988–1998 Australia (Burrada // Burradoo // 150.404615,-34.50629); 1999–2006 Australia (Sydney); 2007–2008 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 2009–2010 Great (Oxford); 2011–2016 Germany (Bonn); 2017–2050 Australia (Sydney). New Horizons Prize in Mathematics 2017 (for pioneering work in the field of geometric representation theory, including the development of the Hodge theory for Sörgel bimodules and the proof of the Kazhdan-Lustig conjecture for Coxeter groups)

Willstätter, Richard 08/13/1872 Germany (Karlsruhe) - 08/3/1942 Switzerland (Muralto) chemist.
Geobiography: 1872–1882 Germany (Karlsruhe); 1883–1889 Germany (Nuremberg); 1890–1904 Germany (Munich); 1905–1911 Switzerland (Zurich); 1912–1915 Germany (Berlin); 1916–1938 Germany (Munich); 1939–1942 Switzerland (Muralto). Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1915 (Research on plant pigments, establishing the formula of chlorophyll)

Windaus, Adolf (Windaus, Adolf) 12/25/1876 Germany (Berlin) - 07/09/1959 Germany (Göttingen) chemist.
Geobiography: 1876–1894 Germany (Berlin); 1895–1899 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1900–1900 Germany (Berlin); 1901–1912 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1913–1915 Austria (Innsbruck // Austria-Hungary); 1916–1959 Germany (Göttingen) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1928 (Study of the structure of sterols and their relationship with vitamins)

Wiener, Norbert 11/26/1894 USA (Columbia, Missouri) - 03/18/1964 Sweden (Stockholm) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1894-1900 USA ( Columbia, Missouri ); 1901–1904 USA (Boston); 1905–1908 USA (Medford, Massachusetts); 1909–1910 USA (Boston); 1911–1911 USA (Ithaca); 1912–1962 USA (Boston); 1963–1964 Sweden (Stockholm) US National Medal of Science (1963; founder of cybernetics)

Wiesel, Torsten 3.06.1924 Sweden (Uppsala) physiologist
Geobiography: 1924–1946 Sweden (Uppsala); 1947–1954 Sweden (Stockholm); 1955–1958 USA (Baltimore); 1959–1982 USA (Boston); 1983–2018 USA (New York); Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981 (Contribution to the development of the neurophysiology of vision)

Richardson, Owen (Willans, Owen) 04/26/1879 Great. (Dewsbury) - 02/15/1959 Great. (Elton) physicist.
Geobiography: 1879–1885 Great. (Dewsbury); 1886–1895 Great. (Batley); 1896–1905 Great. (Cambridge); 1906–1913 US (Princeton); 1914–1944 Great. (London); 1945–1959 Great. (Elton). Nobel Prize in Physics 1928 (Research on thermionic emission (dependence of emission current on temperature - Richardson formula))

Waksman, Selman (Waksman, Selman) 07/22/1 Ukraine (New Priluka // Russian Empire) - 08/16/1973 USA (Falmouth) physiologist.
Geobiography: 1 –1898 Ukraine (New Priluka // Russian Empire); 1899–1909 Ukraine (Odessa // Russian Empire); 1910–1915 US (New Brunswick); 1916–1918 US (Berkeley); 1919–1959 US (New Brunswick); 1960–1973 USA (Falmouth) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1952 (Discovery of streptomycin)

Weyl, Hermann (Hermann Weyl) 11/9/1885 Germany (Elmshorn // Elmshorn // 9.6535,53.7489) - 12/8/1955 Switzerland (Zurich) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1885–1891 Germany (Elmshorn); 1892–1903 Germany (Hamburg); 1904–1912 Germany (Göttingen); 1913–1929 Switzerland (Zurich); 1930–1932 Germany (Göttingen); 1933–1950 US (Princeton); 1951–1955 Switzerland (Zurich). Prize named after N. I. Lobachevsky 1927

Wirth, Niklaus 02/15/1934 Switzerland (Winterthur) - 1/1/2024 Switzerland (Zurich) computer science
Geobiography: 1934–1953 Switzerland (Winterthur); 1954–1957 Switzerland (Zurich); 1958–1960 Canada (Quebec // Québec // -71.2029,46.815); 1961–1962 US (Berkeley); 1963–1967 US (Stanford); 1968–2024 Switzerland (Zurich). Turing Award 1984 (For development of a series of innovative computer languages, Euler, Algol-W, Modula and Pascal)

Wittig, Georg (Wittig, Georg) 06/16/1897 Germany (Berlin) - 08/26/1987 Germany (Heidelberg) chemist.
Geobiography: 1897–1898 Germany (Berlin); 1899–1915 Germany (Kassel); 1916–1917 Germany (Tübingen); 1918–1919 Great (London); 1920–1931 Germany (Marburg); 1932–1936 Germany (Braunschweig); 1937–1943 Germany (Freiburg im Breisgau); 1944–1955 Germany (Tübingen); 1956–1987 Germany (Heidelberg) Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1979 (Development of new methods for the synthesis of boron- and phosphorus-containing organic compounds)

Xi Yin 12/1/1983 China ( Zhuzhou // Zhuzhou ) physic.
Geobiography: 1983–1995 China (Zhuzhou); 1996–2001 China (Hefei); 2002–2050 USA (Boston) New Horizons Physics Award 2017 (For creative collaborative work on higher spin gravity and its holographic connection to a new resolvable field theory)

Xiaoliang Qi 1983 China (Shenyang) physicist.
Geobiography: 1983–1998 China (Shenyang); 1999–2006 China (Beijing); 2007–2050 USA (Stanford). New Horizons Physics Award 2016 (For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially the use of topology to understand new states of matter)

Xinwen Zhu 1982 China (Chengdu) mathematician.
Geobiography: 1982–1999 China (Chengdu); 2000–2004 China (Beijing); 2005–2009 USA (Berkeley); 2010–2011 USA (Boston); 2012–2013 USA (Evanston); 2014–2050 US (Pasadena); New Horizons Prize in Mathematics 2020 (for work in arithmetic algebraic geometry, including applications to the theory of Simura manifolds and the Riemann-Hilbert problem for p-adic manifolds)

Yao, Andrew (Andrew Yao) 12/24/1946 China (Shanghai // Republic of China) computer science.
Geobiography: 1946–1948 China (Shanghai // Republic of China); 1949–1966 Taiwan (Taipei); 1967–1971 USA (Boston); 1972–1974 USA (Champaign); 1975–1975 USA (Boston); 1976–1980 USA (Stanford); 1981–1982 USA (Berkeley); 1983–1985 USA (Stanford); 1986–2003 US (Princeton); 2004–2020 China (Beijing); Turing Prize in Computer Science 2000 (for fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, including, based on the concept of computational complexity, the theory of pseudo-random number generation, cryptography, and communication complexity)

Yanagisawa, Masashi25.05.1960 Japan (Tokyo) medic.
Geobiography: 1960–1977 Japan (Tokyo); 1978–1991 Japan (Tsukuba); 1992–2011 USA (Austin); 2012–2050 Japan (Tsukuba). 2023 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery that narcolepsy is caused by the loss of a small population of brain cells that produce a substance that promotes wakefulness, paving the way for the development of new treatments for sleep disorders)

Yao, Norman 1987 USA (Boston) physicist.
Geobiography: 1987–2013 USA (Boston); 2014–2021 USA (Berkeley); 2022–2050 USA (Boston). New Horizons in Physics Award 2022 (For pioneering theoretical work on the formulation of new phases of nonequilibrium quantum matter, including time crystals)

Yoccoz, Jean-Christophe Yoccoz 05/29/1957 France (Paris) - 09/3/2016 France (Paris) mathematician. Film Geobiography: 1957-1964 France (Paris); 1965–1970 France (Strasbourg); 1971–1974 France (Grenoble); 1975–1980 France (Paris); 1981–1982 Brazil (Rio de Janeiro // Rio de Janeiro // -43.1416, -22.9176); 1983–2016 France (Paris) Fields Prize in Mathematics 1994 (for work on dynamical systems)