Year |
Achievement |
Laureate |
Career |
Year of
|
The country |
In 1880, he defended his famous master's thesis "On binary quadratic forms of a positive determinant", which immediately put him in the first ranks of Russian mathematicians. The Markov Prize is a Soviet and Russian mathematical prize awarded for outstanding results in mathematics (since 1971) who has made a great contribution to probability theory, mathematical analysis and number theory | Markov, A. | ||||
He is best known for proving the transcendence of pi in 1882 | Lindeman, F. | mathematician | 1852 | Germany | |
Main Prize of Mathematical Sciences of the French Academy 1882 | Minkovsky, G. | mathematician | 1864 | Germany | |
Poncelet Prize 1889 | Edouard Goursat | mathematician | 1858 | France | |
Lobachevsky Prize 1897 | Lee, Sophus | imathematics | 1842 | France | |
Development of cholera and plague vaccines. Awarded the Order of the British Empire in 1897. | V. Khavkin | physiologist | 1860 | France | |
Poncelet Prize 1898 | Hadamard, Jacques | mathematician | 1865 | ||
N. I. Lobachevsky Prize 1900 | Killing, V. | mathematician | 1847 | ||
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901 (Discovery of the medicinal properties of blood serum and its use in the fight against diphtheria) | Behring, E. | physiologist | 1854 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1901 (Discovery of laws in the field of chemical kinetics and osmotic pressure) | Van't Hoff, J. | chemist | 1852 | Germany | |
Dekouvèt yo nan "x"-reyon (X-reyon) | Rentgèn V. K. a | fizisyen | 1845 | ||
Sylvester Medal for Outstanding Achievements in Mathematics 1901, the Boyai Prize 1905 (according to the set of works) | Poincare, A. | mathematician | 1854 | France | |
Works on the synthesis of sugars and purines | Fischer E. G. | chemist | 1852 | Germany | |
In 1902-1903, he wrote a three-volume biography of Hermann von Helmholtz, which became a classic | Koenigsberger, L. | mathematician | 1837 | Germany | |
Investigation of splitting of spectral emission lines of atoms when a radiation source is placed in a magnetic field | Lorenz H. A. | physicist | 1853 | Netherlands | |
Discovery of the pathway of penetration into the body and development of the malaria pathogen in it | Ross R. | physiologist | 1857 | UK | |
Investigation of splitting of spectral emission lines of atoms when a radiation source is placed in a magnetic field | Zeeman P. | physicist | 1865 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 1903 (Discovery of natural radioactivity) | Becquerel, Henri | physicist | 1852 | France | |
Investigation of the phenomenon of radioactivity discovered by A. A. Becquerel | Curie, P. | physicist | 1859 | France | |
Lobachevsky Prize 1903, Boyai Prize 1905 (based on a set of works ) | Hilbert, D. | mathematician | 1862 | Germany | |
Discovery of a method for treating skin diseases (especially lupus) by light irradiation | Finsen, N. | physiologist | 1860 | Denmark | |
Investigation of the phenomenon of radioactivity discovered by A. A. Becquerel | Skłodowska-Curie, M. | physicist | 1867 | France | |
Opening argon | Strutt, J. | physicist | 1842 | UK | |
Chairman of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1904 | Weber, H. | mathematician | 1842 | Germany | |
Sylvester Medal for Outstanding Achievements in Mathematics 1904 | Cantor, G. | mathematician | 1845 | Germany | |
Works on the physiology of digestion | Pavlov, I. | physiologist | 1849 | Russia | |
Discovery of noble (inert) gases and determination of their place in the periodic table | Ramsay, W. | chemist | 1852 | UK | |
Discovery of the causative agent of tuberculosis ("Koch's wand") | Koch, R. | physiologist | 1843 | Germany | |
Cathode ray examination | Lenard, Ph. | physicist | 1862 | ||
Works on histology and morphology of the nervous system | Golgi, C. | physiologist | 1843 | Italy | |
Obtaining chemically pure fluorine, creating an electric arc furnace named after it | Moissan, H. | chemist | 1852 | France | |
Works on histology and morphology of the nervous system | Ramón y Cajal, S. | physiologist | 1852 | Spain | |
Investigation of electrical conductivity of gases | Thomson, J. J. | physicist | 1856 | UK | |
Discovery of the pathogenic role of protozoa | Laveran, A. | physiologist | 1845 | France | |
Creation of high-precision optical devices | Michelson, A. | physicist | 1852 | USA | |
The discovery of alcoholic fermentation in yeast extracts, which proved the possibility of enzymatic reactions without the participation of whole cells | Buchner, E. | chemist | 1860 | Germany | |
Opening a color photography method | Lippmann, G. | physicist | 1845 | France | |
Research on immunity mechanisms | Metchnikoff, E. | physiologist | 1845 | Russia | |
Research on immunity mechanisms | Ehrlich, P. | physiologist | 1854 | Germany | |
Studies of radioactive decay of elements and chemistry of radioactive substances | Rutherford, E. | chemist | 1871 | UK | |
Works in the field of wireless telegraphy | Marconi, G. | physicist | 1874 | Italy | |
Research in the field of physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland | Kocher, Th. | physiologist | 1841 | Switzerland | |
Works in the field of wireless telegraphy | Braun, F. | physicist | 1850 | Germany | |
Work on catalysis and research on the principles of control of chemical equilibrium and reaction rates | Ostwald, W. | chemist | 1853 | Germany | |
Studies of the equation of state of gases and liquids | Waals, J. | physicist | 1837 | Netherlands | |
Achievements in the development of organic chemistry (alicyclic compounds) and the chemical industry | Wallach, O. | chemist | 1847 | Germany | |
Research on the chemistry of proteins and other macromolecules of the cell | Kossel, A. | physiologist | 1853 | Germany | |
Works on eye optics | Gullstrand, A. | physiologist | 1862 | Sweden | |
Discoveries in the field of thermal radiation | Wien, W. | physicist | 1864 | Germany | |
Discovery of radium and polonium, production of pure radium and studies of its compounds | Skłodowska-Curie, M. | chemist | 1867 | France | |
Discovery of the reaction named after him — a general method of synthesis of many substances | Grignard, V. | chemist | 1871 | France | |
In 1912 he was elected an academician | Steklov, V. | mathematician | 1864 | Russia | |
Method of hydrogenation of organic compounds in the presence of fine metals as catalysts | Sabatier, P. | chemist | 1854 | France | |
Invention of a device for automatic ignition and extinguishing of lighthouses and luminous buoys | Dalén, G. | physicist | 1869 | Sweden | |
Copley Medal for Outstanding Achievements in Scientific Research 1912 | Klein, F. | mathematician | 1849 | Germany | |
Vascular suturing and organ and blood vessel transplantation | Carrel, A. | physiologist | 1873 | France | |
Fundamental work in the field of chemical coordination (complex) compounds | Werner, A. | chemist | 1866 | Switzerland | |
Investigation of the properties of matter at low temperatures and production of liquid helium | Kamerling-Onnes H. | physicist | 1853 | Netherlands | |
Discovery and investigation of anaphylaxis | Richet, Ch. | physiologist | 1850 | France | |
Precise determination of atomic masses of a number of chemical elements | Richards, Th. | chemist | 1868 | USA | |
Poncelet Prize 1914 | Lebesgue, H. | mathematician (Fields) | 1875 | France | |
Works on physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus | Barany, R. | physiologist | 1876 | Austria | |
Discovery of X-ray diffraction on crystals | Laue, M. von | physicist | 1879 | Germany | |
Нобелевская премия по химии 1914 (Точное определение атомных масс ряда химических элементов) | Richards, Th. | physicist | 1868 | Germany | |
X-Ray Study of Crystal Structures | Bragg, W.H. | physicist | 1862 | UK | |
Investigation of plant pigments, establishing the formula of chlorophyll | Willstätter, R. | chemist | 1872 | Germany | |
X-Ray Crystal Structure Study | Bragg, W. L. | div> physicist | 1890 | UK | |
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Premiya Ponsele 1916 | Vallée Poussin, Ch. | matematik | 1866 | Belgium | |
Not awarded | physicist | ||||
Not awarded | физиолог | ||||
Not awarded | chemist | ||||
Discovery of the characteristic X-ray emission of the elements | Barkla, Ch. | physicist | 1877 | UK | |
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Merit in the field of development of physics and the discovery of discreteness of radiation energy (quantum of action) | Planck, M. | physicist | 1858 | Germany | |
Synthesis of ammonia from its constituent elements | Haber, F. | chemist | 1868 | Germany | |
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Discoveries in the field of immunity | Bordet, J. | physiologist | 1870 | Belgium | |
Discovery of the Doppler effect in canal beams and splitting of spectral lines in electric fields | Stark, J. | physicist | 1874 | Germany | |
Not awarded | chemist | ||||
Creation of iron-nickel alloys for metrological purposes | Guillaume, Ch. | physicist | 1861 | Switzerland | |
Discovery of the mechanism of capillary circulation | Krogh, A. | physiologist | 1874 | Denmark | |
Poncelet Prize 1920 | Cartan, E. | mathematician | 1869 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1920 (Works in thermochemistry) | Nernst, W. ) | mathematician | 1864 | Germany | |
The development of the chemistry of radioactive substances and the study of the nature of isotopes | Soddy, F. | chemist | 1877 | UK | |
Contribution to theoretical physicist, in particular the discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect | Einstein, A. | physicist | 1879 | Germany | |
Not awarded | физиолог | ||||
Discovery in the area of muscle heat production | Hill, A. | physiologist | 1876 | UK | |
Invention of the mass spectrograph and discovery of isotopes of a large number of non-radioactive elements with its help, formulation of the rule of integers | Aston, F. | chemist | 1877 | UK | |
Discovery of the relationship between oxygen consumption by muscles and the formation of lactic acid in them | Meyerhof, O. | physiologist | 1884 | Germany | |
Merits in the field of studying the structure of the atom and the radiation emitted by it | Bohr, N. | physicist | 1885 | Denmark | |
Merits in the field of studying the structure of the atom and the radiation emitted by it | Bohr, N. | physicist | 1885 | Denmark | |
Works on elementary electric charge and photoelectric effect | Millikan, R. | physicist | 1868 | USA | |
Development of a method for microanalysis of organic compounds | Pregl, F. | chemist | 1869 | Austria | |
Discovery of insulin | Macleod, J. | physiologist | 1876 | Canada | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923 (Discovery of insulin) | Banting, F. | physiologist | 1891 | France | |
Development of electrocardiography method | Einthoven, W. | physiologist | 1860 | Netherlands | |
Contribution to the development of high resolution electron spectroscopy | Siegbahn, M. | physicist | 1886 | Sweden | |
Not awarded | chemist | ||||
Establishing the heterogeneous nature of colloidal solutions | Zsigmondy, R. | chemist | 1865 | Austria | |
Discovery of the laws of electron-atom collision | Franck, J. | physicist | 1882 | Germany | |
Discovery of the laws of electron-atom collision | Hertz, G. | physicist | 1887 | Germany | |
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Director of the Main Geophysical Observatory in 1925 | Friedman, A. | physicist | 1888 | USSR | |
Proceedings in Experimental Oncology | Fibiger, J. | physiologist | 1867 | Denmark | |
Works on the discrete nature of matter, in particular for the discovery of sedimentation equilibrium | Perrin, J. . ) | physicist | 1870 | France | |
Works on dispersed systems | Svedberg, Th. | chemist | 1884 | Sweden | |
Discovery of the curative action of malaria in progressive paralysis | Wagner-Jauregg, J. | physiologist | 1857 | Australia | |
Prize Lobachevsky Prize 1927 | Weyl, H. | mathematician | 1906 | Germany | |
A method of visual observation of the trajectories of electrically charged particles using vapor condensation | Wilson, Ch. ) | physicist | 1869 | UK | |
Study of the structure of bile acids | Wieland, H. | chemist | 1877 | Germany | |
Wavelength change discovery x-rays, free electron scattering (Compton effect) | Compton, A. ( Compton, A. ) | physicist | 1892 | USA | |
Identification of the body louse vector for typhus | Nicole, Ch. | physiologist | 1866 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1928 (Study of the structure of sterols and their relationship to vitamins) | Windaus, A. | chemist | 1876 | Germany | |
Investigation of thermionic emission (temperature dependence of emission current - Richardson formula) | Richardson, O. W. | physicist | 1879 | UK | |
Discovery of vitamin B1 | Eijkman, Ch. | physiologist | 1858 | Netherlands | |
Discovery of Growth Vitamins (A and D) | Hopkins, F. | physiologist | 1861 | UK | |
Investigation of the fermentation of sugars and enzymes involved in this process | Harden, A. | chemist | 1865 | UK, Germany | |
Study of the fermentation of sugars and enzymes involved in this process | Euler-Chelpin, H. | chemist | 1873 | Sweden, Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 1929 (Discovery of the wave nature of the electron) | Broglie, L .de | physicist | 1892 | France | |
Discovery of human blood groups | Landsteiner, K. | physiologist | 1868 | USA, Germany | |
Study of the structure of hemoglobin and chlorophyll molecules, hemin synthesis | Fischer, H. | chemist | 1881 | Germany | |
Works on light scattering and discovery of Raman scattering of light (Raman effect) | Raman, C. | physicist | 1888 | India | |
Creation and application of high pressure methods in chemistry | Bosch, C. | chemist | 1874 | Germany | |
Discovery of the nature and functions of respiratory enzymes | Warburg, O. | physiologist | 1883 | Germany | |
Creation and application of high pressure methods in chemistry | chemist | 1884 | Germany | ||
Not awarded | physicist | ||||
Discovery of Neuron Functions | Sherrington, Ch. | physiologist | 1857 | UK | |
Discoveries and research in surface chemistry | Langmuir, I. | chemist | 1881 | USA, Germany | |
Discovering Neuron Functions | Adrian, E. | physiologist | 1889 | UK | |
Participation in the creation of quantum mechanics and its application to the prediction of two states of the hydrogen molecule (ortho- and parahydrogen) | Heisenberg, W. | physicist | 1901 | Germany | |
Creation of the chromosome theory of heredity | Morgan, Th. | physiologist | 1866 | USA | |
The discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory, that is, the creation of the equations of quantum mechanics | Schrödinger, E. | physicist | 1887 | Austria | |
The discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory, that is, the creation of the equations of quantum mechanics | Dirac, P. | physicist | 1902 | UK | |
Not awarded | chemist | ||||
Discovery of a liver-derived treatment for anemia | Whipple, G. | physiologist | 1878 | USA | |
Discovery of a liver-derived treatment for anemia | Minot G. | physiologist | 1885 | USA | |
Discovery of a liver-derived treatment for anemia | Murphy, W. | physiologist | 1892 | USA | |
Discovery of heavy hydrogen (deuterium) | Urey, H. | chemist | 1893 | USA | |
Not awarded | physicist | ||||
Discovery of "organizers" - parts of the embryo that influence the direction of embryonic development of its other parts | Spemann, H. | physiologist | 1869 | Germany | |
Discovery of the neutron | Chadwick, J. | physicist | 1891 | UK, Germany | |
Synthesis of new radioactive elements | Joliot-Curie, I. | chemist | 1897 | France | |
Synthesis of new radioactive elements | Joliot-Curie, J. | chemist | 1900 | France | |
Research on the chemical nature of nerve impulse transmission | Loewi, O. | physiologist | 1873 | Germany | |
Research into the chemical nature of nerve impulse transmission | Dale, H. | physiologist | 1875 | UK | |
Discovery of cosmic rays | Hess, F. | physicist | 1883 | Austria | |
Studies of the structure of molecules (dipole moments) and diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases | Debye, P. | chemist | 1884 | Netherlands | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1936 (Solution of the Plateau Problem) | Douglas, J. | mathematician (Fields) | 1897 | USA | |
Discovery of the positron in cosmic rays | Anderson, C. | physicist | 1905 | USA | |
1936 Fields Prize in Mathematics for the development of the theory of Riemann surfaces and the development of the theory of quasiconformal mappings. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1981 for productive discoveries and powerful new methods in the theory of geometric functions | Ahlfors, L. | mathematician (Fields) | 1907 | Finland | |
Experimental discovery of electron diffraction in crystals | Davisson, C. | physicist | 1881 | UK | |
Carbohydrate and vitamin C studies | Haworth, W. | chemist | 1883 | UK | |
Study of carotenoids and flavins, as well as vitamins A and B2 | Karrer P. | chemist | 1889 | Switzerland, Germany | |
Experimental discovery of electron diffraction in crystals | Thomson, G. P. | physicist | 1892 | UK | |
Works on biological oxidation and isolation of vitamin C in crystalline form | Szent-Györgyi, A. | physiologist | 1893 | USA, Germany | |
Lobachevsky Prize 1937 | mathematician | 1898 | Russia | ||
Discovery of the role of carotid sinuses and aorta in the regulation of respiration and blood circulation | physiologist | 1892 | Belgium | ||
Study of carotenoids and vitamins | |||||
Evidence of the existence of new radioactive elements obtained by neutron irradiation and the related discovery of nuclear reactions caused by slow neutrons | Fermi, E. | physicist | 1901 | Italy, Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1938 (Discovery of the role of carotid sinuses and aorta in the regulation of respiration and blood circulation) | Heymans, C. | physiologist | 1892 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1939 (Works on polymethylenes and higher terpenes) | Ružička, L. | chemist | 1887 | Croatia Germany | |
Discovery of the first antibacterial drug — prontosil | Domagk, G. | physiologist | 1895 | Germany | |
Invention and creation of the cyclotron | Lawrence, E. | physicist | 1901 | USA | |
Works on sex hormones | Butenandt, A. | chemist | 1903 | Germany | |
Not awarded | physicist | ||||
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Not awarded | chemist | ||||
Not awarded | physicist | ||||
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Not awarded | |||||
Not awarded | physicist | ||||
Not awarded | physiologist | ||||
Not awarded | |||||
Creator of the Soviet physical school ("father of Soviet physics") (1942, State Prize winner) | Ioffe, A. (Ioffe, A. ) | physicist | 1880 | Ukraine Germany | |
The use of isotopes as labeled atoms for the study of chemical reactions | |||||
Contribution to the development of the molecular beam method and the discovery and measurement of the magnetic moment of the proton | Stern, O. | physicist | 1888 | USA | |
The discovery of vitamin K1 and the establishment of its chemical nature | Doisy, E. | physiologist | 1893 | USA | |
The discovery of vitamin K1 and the establishment of its chemical nature | Dam, H. | physiologist | 1895 | Denmark | |
Discovery of functional differences between individual nerve fibers | Erlanger, J. | physiologist | 1874 | USA | |
Discovery of the splitting of heavy atom nuclei | Hahn, O. | chemist | 1879 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944 (Discovery of functional differences between individual nerve fibers) | Gasser, H. | physiologist | 1888 | France USA | |
Resonance method of measuring magnetic properties of atomic nuclei | Rabi , I. | physicist | 1898 | Germany USA | |
Discovery of penicillin and its therapeutic action in infectious diseases | Fleming, A. | physiologist | 1881 | UK | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1945 (Invention of the feed preservation method) | Virtanen, A. | chemist | 1895 | Finland | |
Discovery of penicillin and its therapeutic action in infectious diseases | Florey, H. | physiologist | 1898 | UK | |
Discovery of the exclusion principle (Pauli principle) | Pauli W. | physicist | 1900 | Germany Switzerland | |
Discovery of penicillin and its therapeutic action in infectious diseases | Chain, E. | physiologist | 1906 | UK Germany | |
Discoveries in high pressure physics | Bridgman, P. | physicist | 1882 | USA | |
The first preparation of an enzyme (urease) in crystalline form and proof of its protein nature | Sumner , J. | chemist | 1887 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946 (Experimental Mutation by X-rays). | Muller, H. J. | physiologist | 1890 | Germany USA | |
Obtaining in crystal form a number of enzymes and viruses | Northrop, J. | chemist | 1891 | US | |
Obtaining in crystal form a number of enzymes and viruses | Stanley, W. | chemist | 1904 | Germany USA | |
Research on plant alkaloids and other biologically important natural substances | Robinson, R. | chemist | 1886 | UK | |
Richtmayer Memorial Prize 1947, Enrico Fermi Prize 1963 | Oppenheimer, R. | physicist | 1904 | Germany | |
Exploring the physics of the upper atmosphere, discovering the layer of the atmosphere that reflects radio waves (the Appleton layer) | Appleton, E. | physicist | 1892 | UK | |
Discovering pathways for the enzymatic conversion of glycogen in the body | Cori, G. | physiologist | 1896 | USA | |
Discovering pathways for the enzymatic conversion of glycogen in the body | Cori, C. | physiologist | 1896 | USA | |
Discovery of the role of pituitary hormones in carbohydrate metabolism | physiologist | 1887 | Argentina | ||
Poncelet Prize 1948 | Valiron, G. | mathematician | 1884 | France | |
Improvements to the cloud chamber method and related discoveries in nuclear and cosmic ray physics | Blackett, P. | physicist | 1897 | UK Germany | |
Synthesis and research on the pesticidal properties of DDT | Müller, P. | physiologist | 1899 | Switzerland | |
Development of methods of electrophoretic and adsorption-chromatographic analysis and their application for the separation of whey proteins | Tiselius, A. | chemist | 1902 | Sweden | |
Research on the functional organization of the diencephalon and development of surgical operations on it in the treatment of certain mental illnesses | Egas Moniz, A. | physiologist | 1874 | Portugal | |
Research on the functional organization of the diencephalon and the development of surgical operations on it in the treatment of certain mental illnesses | Hess, V. | physiologist | 1881 | Switzerland Germany | |
Contribution to the development of chemical thermodynamics, in particular the study of the properties of substances at ultralow temperatures | Giauque, W. | chemist | 1895 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 (Research on the functional organization of the diencephalon and the development of surgical operations on it in the treatment of certain mental illnesses) | Egas Moniz, A. | physiologist | 1874 | Portugal | |
Predicting the existence of mesons based on theoretical work on nuclear forces | Yukawa, H. | physicist | 1907 | Japan | |
Discovery and development of diene synthesis | Diels, O. | chemist | 1876 | Germany | |
Research on the structure, biological and therapeutic action of adrenal hormones | Kendall, E. | physiologist | 1886 | USA | |
Research on the structure, biological and therapeutic action of adrenal hormones | Hench, P. | physiologist | 1896 | Germany USA | |
Research on the structure, biological and therapeutic action of adrenal hormones | Reichstein, T. | physiologist | 1897 | Germany, USA | |
Discovery and development of the diene synthesis method | Alder, K. | chemist | 1902 | Germany | |
Development of a photographic method for studying nuclear processes and the discovery of pi-mesons based on this method | Powell, C. | physicist | 1903 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1950 (Works in the field of distribution theory). Member of the Nicolas Bourbaki Group | Schwartz, L. | mathematician (Fields) | 1915 | France | |
1950 Fields Prize in Mathematics (for an elementary proof of the asymptotic distribution of prime numbers). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1986 (for profound and original work on number theory, discrete groups, and automorphic forms) | Selberg, A. | mathematician (Fields) | 1917 | Norway | |
Investigations of transformations of atomic nuclei using artificially accelerated particles | Cockcroft, J. | physicist | 1897 | UK | |
Discovery of the causative agent of yellow fever and the creation of vaccines against it | Theiler, M. | physiologist | 1899 | South Africa | |
Investigations of transformations of atomic nuclei with the help of artificially accelerated particles | Walton, E. | physicist | 1903 | UK | |
Discovery and study of transuranium elements | McMillan, Edwin | chemist | 1907 | USA | |
Discovery and study of transuranic elements | Seaborg, G. | chemist | 1912 | USA | |
Discovery of streptomycin | Waksman, S. | physiologist | 1888 | USA | |
Development of new methods for accurately measuring the magnetic moments of atomic nuclei and related discoveries | Bloch, F. | physicist | 1905 | USA | |
Discovery of the method of partition chromatography, development of the theory of chromatographic processes | Martin, A. | chemist | 1910 | UK | |
Development of new methods for accurately measuring the magnetic moments of atomic nuclei and related discoveries | Purcell , E. | physicist | 1912 | USA | |
Discovery of the method of partition chromatography, development of the theory of chromatographic processes | Synge, R. | chemist | 1914 | UK | |
Works in macromolecular chemistry, polymer theory | Staudinger, H. | chemist | 1881 | Germany | |
Creation of the phase contrast method, invention of the phase contrast microscope | Zernike, F. | physicist | 1888 | Netherlands | |
Discovery of coenzyme A and its role in metabolism | Lipmann, F. | physiologist | 1899 | USA | |
Discovery of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle) | Krebs, H. | div> physiologist | 1900 | < div class="menu"> UK Germany | |
Fundamental research in quantum mechanics, statistical interpretation of the wave function | Born, M. | physicist | 1882 | Germany | |
Development of a method for registering coincidences (the act of emitting a radiation quantum and an electron during X-ray quantum scattering on hydrogen) | Bothe, W. | physicist | 1891 | Germany | |
Tissue culture method for poliovirus culturing | Enders, J. | physiologist | 1897 | USA | |
Development of the theory of the nature of chemical bonds | Pauling, L. | chemist | 1901 | USA | |
Works on foundations of the theory of deformations of complex structures on manifolds). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1984/85 for outstanding contributions to the study of complex and algebraic varieties | Kodaira, K. | matematik (Filds) | 1915 | Japan | |
Metod kul'tivatsii virusa polimiyelita v kul'ture tkani | Weller, T. | physiologist | 1915 | USA | |
Metod kul'tivatsii virusa polimiyelita v kul'ture tkani | Robbins, F. | physiologist | 1915 | USA | |
Филдсовская премия по математике 1954. Премия Вольфа по математике 2000 за за его многочисленные фундаментальные вклады в топологии, алгебраической геометрии, алгебре и теории чисел, а также за его воодушевляющие лекции и работы. Абелевская премия по математике 2003 за ключевую роль в придании современной формы многим отраслям математики, включая топологию, алгебраическую геометрию и теорию чисе | Serre, J.-P. | mathematician (Fields) | 1926 | France | |
First synthesis of polypeptide hormones | Vigneaud, V. du | chemist | 1901 | USA | |
Study of the nature and mechanism of action of oxidative enzymes | Theorell, A. | physiologist | 1903 | Germany Sweden | |
Precise determination of the magnetic moment of an electron | Kusch, P. | physicist | 1911 | Germany USA | |
Discovery in the fine structure of hydrogen spectra | Lamb, W. | physicist | 1913 | USA | |
Cardiac Catheterization Method | Cournand, A. | physiologist | 1895 | USA | |
1956 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Method of Cardiac Catheterization) | Richards, D. | physiologist | 1895 | France | |
Works in the field of the mechanism of chemical reactions | Semyonov, N. | chemist | 1896 | < div class="menu"> USSR | |
Works on the mechanism of chemical reactions | Hinshelwood, C. | chemist | 1897 | UK | |
Semiconductor research and discovery of the transistor effect | Brattain, W. | physicist | 1902 | USA | |
Cardiac Catheterization Method | Forssmann, W. | physiologist | 1904 | Germany | |
Semiconductor research and the discovery of the transistor effect | Bardeen, J. | physicist | 1908 | USA | 1904 | Germany |
Semiconductor research and the discovery of the transistor effect | Shockley, W. | physicist | 1910 | USA | |
Premiya Kalingi za populyarizatsiyu nauki 1956 | Gamow, G. | physicist | 1904 | Ukraine | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956 (Works in the field of the mechanism of chemical reactions) | Semyonov, N. | chemist | 1896 | USSR | |
Synthesis and elucidation of the mechanism of action of pharmacological drugs, including nerve agents | Bovet, D. | physiologist | 1907 | Switzerland | |
Synthesis of Nucleotide and Nucleotide Coenzymes | Todd, A. | chemist | 1907 | UK Germany | |
Investigation of so-called conservation laws (discovery of parity nonconservation in weak interactions), which led to important discoveries in particle physics | Chen-Ning Y. | physicist | 1922 | USA | |
Investigation of so-called conservation laws (discovery of parity nonconservation in weak interactions), which led to important discoveries in particle physics | Tsung-Dao Lee | physicist | 1926 | USA | |
The founder of high energy neutrino physics and one of the founders of neutrino astronomy (1957) | Pontecorvo , B. | physicist | 1913 | Italy | |
Discovery and creation of theory Cherenkov effect | Tamm I. | physicist | 1895 | USSR | |
Discovery of regulation of biochemical reactions by genes | Beadle, G. | physiologist | 1903 | USA | |
Discovery and creation of the theory of the Cherenkov effect | Cherenkov P. A. | physicist | 1904 | USSR | |
Discovery and creation of the theory of the Cherenkov effect | Frank I. | physicist | 1908 | USSR | |
Discovery of the regulation of biochemical reactions by genes | Tatum, E. | physiologist | 1909 | USA | |
Fields Medal in 1958. (Founder of catastrophe theory) | Thom, R. | mathematician (Fields) | 1923 | France | |
Determination of the structure of the insulin molecule | Sanger, Fr. | chemist | 1918 | UK | |
Founder of catastrophe theory | Thom, R. | mathematician (Fields) | 1923 | France | |
Works in the field of bacterial genetics and the discovery of genetic recombination | Lederberg, J. | physiologist | 1925 | USA | |
proof of the Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem (often referred to simply as the Roth theorem) | Roth , K. | mathematician (Fields) | 1925 | UK Germany | |
"The father of the H-bomb." Einstein Prize (1958) | Teller, E. | physicist | 1908 | Hungary Germany | |
Discovery and development of the polarographic method of analysis | Heyrovsky, J. | chemist | 1890 | Germany Czechoslovakia | |
Investigation of the mechanisms of nucleic acid biosynthesis | Ochoa, S. | physiologist | 1905 | Germany USA | |
Discovery of the antiproton | Segrè, E. | physicist | 1905 | USA | |
Investigation of the mechanisms of nucleic acid biosynthesis | Kornberg, A. | physiologist | 1918 | USA | |
Discovery of the antiproton | Chamberlain, O. | physicist | 1920 | USA | |
Discovery of acquired immunological tolerance | Burnet, M. | physiologist | 1899 | Australia | |
Development of a method of dating (age determination) in archeology, geology, etc. using radiocarbon | Libby, W. | chemist | 1908 | USA | |
Discovery of the phenomenon of acquired immunological tolerance | Medawar, P. | physiologist | 1915 | UK | |
Invention of the bubble chamber | Glaser, D. | physicist | 1926 | USA | |
Einstein Prize 1960 | Szilard, L. | physicist | 1898 | Hungary Germany | |
Inner ear function study | Békésy, G. | physiologist | 1899 | Hungary Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 1961 (Research and discovery of resonant absorption of gamma radiation in solids (the Moessbauer effect) | Moessbauer, R. | physicist | 1929 | Germany | |
Discovery of the sequence of chemical transformations of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis (Calvin cycle) | Calvin, M. | chemist | 1911 | USA | |
Electron scattering studies on atomic nuclei and related discoveries in the field of structure nucleons | Hofstadter, R. | physicist | 1915 | USA | |
1929 | Germany | ||||
USSR | |||||
Establishing the structure of globular proteins (myoglobin, hemoglobin) by X-ray analysis | Perutz, M. | chemist | 1914 | UK | |
Together with E. Landis in 1962 invented a data structure called the AVL tree | Adelson-Velsky, G. | mathematician | 1922 | Russia | |
Together with G. Adelson-Velsky in 1962 invented a data structure called the AVL tree | Landis, E. | mathematician | 1921 | < div class="menu"> Russia | |
Establishing the structure of a DNA molecule and its role in the transmission of hereditary information | Crick, F. | physiologist | UK | ||
Establishing the structure of a DNA molecule and its role in the transmission of hereditary information | Wilkins, M. | physiologist | UK | ||
Determination of the structure of globular proteins (myoglobin, hemoglobin) by X-ray diffraction analysis | Kendrew, J. | chemist | 1917 | UK Germany | |
Establishing the structure of a DNA molecule and its role in the transmission of hereditary information | Watson, J. | physiologist | 1928 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1962 (for work in differential topology). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1989 for ingenious and highly original discoveries in geometry that have opened important new perspectives in topology from an algebraic, combinatorial and differential point of view. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2011 (for pioneering discoveries in topology, geometry and algebra) | Milnor, J. | mathematician (Fields) | 1931 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1962 (for work on the theory of partial differential equations). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1988 for fundamental work on modern analysis, in particular on the application of pseudo-differential operators and Fourier integral operators to linear partial differential equations | Hörmander, L. | mathematician (Fields) | 1931 | Sweden | |
Establishment of the structure of the DNA molecule and its role in the transmission of hereditary information) | Wilkins, M. | physiologist | New Zealand | ||
Contributions to the theory of the atomic nuclei and elementary particles | Wigner, E. | physicist | 1902 | Germany USA | |
. National Medal of Science (1963; founder of cybernetics) | Wiener, N. | mathematician | 1931 | Sweden | |
Discovery of the shell structure of the atomic kernels | Göppert-Mayer, M. | physicist | 1906 | Germany USA | |
Discovery of the shell structure of the atomic nuclei | Jensen, H. | physicist | 1907 | Germany | |
Chemistry discovery and polymer technology | Natta, G. | chemist | 1903 | Italy | |
Research on ionic mechanisms, involved in the transmission of excitation and inhibition by nerve cells | Hodgkin A.L. | physiologist | 1914 | UK | |
Research into ionic mechanisms, involved in the transmission of excitation and inhibition by nerve cells | Huxley, A. | physiologist | 1917 | UK | |
Discovery in chemistry and polymer technology | Ziegler, K. | chemist | 1898 | Germany | |
Research on ionic mechanisms, involved in the transmission of excitation and inhibition by nerve cells | Eccles, J. | physiologist | 1903 | Australia | |
Establishment by X-ray diffraction analysis structures of biologically active substances (vitamin B12 and others) | Crowfoot-Hodgkin, D. chemist 1910 UK | ||||
Open in exchange area cholesterol and fatty acids | Linen, F. | physiologist | 1911 | Germany | |
Open in exchange area cholesterol and fatty acids | Bloch, K. | physiologist | 1912 | USA | |
Works in the field of quantum electronics, which led to the creation of maser-laser oscillators and amplifiers | Townes, Ch. | physicist | 1915 | USA | |
Works in the field of quantum electronics, which led to the creation of generators and amplifiers based on the principle of a maser-laser | Prokhorov, A. | physicist | USSR | ||
Works in the field of quantum electronics, which led to the creation of generators and amplifiers based on the principle of a maser-laser | Basov N. | physicist | 1922 | USSR | |
Genetic Control Research synthesis of enzymes and viruses | Lwoff, A. | physiologist | 1902 | Germany France | |
Fundamental work on the creation of quantum electrodynamics (with important consequences for the physicist and elementary particles) | Tomonaga, S. | physicist | 1906 | Japan | |
Research on genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis | Monod, J. | physiologist | 1910 | France | |
Exceptional contribution to development organic synthesis (synthesis of steroids, chlorophyll and other natural substances) | Woodward, R. | chemist | 1917 | US | |
Fundamental creation work quantum electrodynamics (with important implications for particle physics) | Feynman, R. | physicist | 1918 | USA | |
Fundamental creation work quantum electrodynamics (with important implications for particle physics) | Schwinger, J. | physicist | 1918 | USA | |
Genetic control research synthesis of enzymes and viruses | François, J. | physiologist | 1920 | France | |
The study of chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the method of molecular orbitals | Mulliken, R. | chemist | 1896 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966 Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2007 for pioneering contributions to differential topology, dynamical systems, mathematical economics, and other areas of mathematics | Steven Smale | mathematician (Fields) | 1930 | USA | |
Discovery of oncogenic viruses and development of methods for the treatment of prostate cancer using hormones | Rous, F. | physiologist | 1897 | USA Germany | |
Discovery of oncogenic viruses and development of cancer treatments prostate with hormones | Huggins, Ch. | physiologist | 1901 | Germany USA | |
Development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms | Kastler A. | physicist | 1902 | Germany France | |
For his influence in generalized programming techniques and compiler building | Perlis, A. | computer science | 1922 | USA | |
was a member of the group of mathematicians "Nicolas Bourbaki" . Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966 (for outstanding contributions to algebraic geometry) | Grothendieck, A. | mathematician (Fields) | 1928 | Germany France | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966, Abel Prize in Mathematics 2004 (for the discovery and proof of the index theorem, which connected topology, geometry and analysis, and for their outstanding role in building new bridges between mathematics and theoretical physics) | Atiyah, M. | mathematician (Fields) | 1929 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966 Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2007 for pioneering contributions to differential topology, dynamical systems, mathematical economics, and other areas of mathematics | Smale, S. | mathematician (Fields) | 1930 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1966 (for proving the impossibility of proving the continuum hypothesis in the ZFC axiomatics (proving the impossibility of refuting which was done by Kurt Gödel) | Cohen, P. | mathem. (Fields) | 1934 | USA | |
The study of ultrafast chemical reactions | Norrish, R. | chemist | 1897 | UK | |
Research on the physiological and chemical mechanisms of vision | Granit, R. | physiologist | 1900 | Finland | |
Research on the physiological and chemical mechanisms of vision | Hartline, H. | physiologist | 1903 | Germany USA | |
Contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially for discoveries concerning the energy sources of stars | Bethe, H. | physicist | 1906 | Germany USA | |
Research on the physiological and chemical mechanisms of vision | Wald, G. | physiologist | 1906 | USA | |
Known as the designer of the EDSAC, the first computer , allowing internal storage of programs. Built in 1949, the EDSAC used delay line memory. He is also known, with Wheeler and Gill, as the author of the 1951 book Preparation of Programs for Electronic Digital Computers, which introduces the essential concept of a library | Wilkes, M. | computer science | 1913 | UK | |
The study of ultrafast chemical reactions | Porter, G. | chemist | 1920 | UK | |
The study of ultrafast chemical reactions | Eigen, M. | chemist | 1927 | Germany | |
Contribution to the theory of thermodynamics irreversible processes | Onsager, L. | chemist | 1903 | USA | |
For work in the field numerical methods, automatic coding systems, error detection and correction codes | Hamming, R. | computer science | 1915 | USA | |
Deciphering the genetic code and its role in protein biosynthesis | Holley, R. | physiologist | 1922 | USA | |
Deciphering the genetic code and its role in protein biosynthesis | Nirenberg, M. | physiologist | 1927 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1968 (Contribution to the theory of thermodynamics of irreversible processes) | Onsager, L. | chemist | 1903 | Norway | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968 ( Deciphering the genetic code and its role in protein biosynthesis) | Khorana,H. | physiologist | 1922 | Pakistan | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1969 (For the creation and application of dynamic models to the analysis of economic processes) | Frisch, R. economist 1895 Norway | ||||
Contribution to the development of the conformational analysis and its application in organic chemistry | Hassel, O. | chemist | 1897 | Germany Norway | |
Reproductive research of viruses and genetics of viruses and bacteria | Delbrück, M. | physiologist | 1906 | Germany USA | |
Reproductive research viruses and genetics of viruses and bacteria | Hershey, A. | physiologist | 1908 | USA | |
Reproductive research viruses and genetics of viruses and bacteria | Luria, S. | physiologist | 1912 | USA | |
Contribution to the development of the conformational analysis and its application in organic chemistry | Barton, D. | chemist | 1918 | UK | |
For pioneering work on problem of artificial intelligence | Minsky, M. | computer science | 1927 | USA | |
Discoveries related to classification of elementary particles and their interactions (the quark hypothesis) | Gell-Mann, M. | physicist | 1929 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1969 (For the creation and application of dynamic models to the analysis of economic processes) | Tinbergen, J. | economist | 1903 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1969 (For the development and application of dynamic models to the analysis of economic processes) | Frish, R. economist 1895 Norway | ||||
Discovery and study of mediators — chemicals involved in the transmission and blocking of nerve impulses | Axelrod, J. | physiologist | 1912 | USA | |
Fundamental works and discoveries in magnetohydrodynamics and its applications in various fields of physics | Alfven, H. | physicist | 1908 | Sweden | |
Fields Medal in Mathematics 1970 | Baker A. | mathematician (Fields) | 1939 | UK | |
Discovery and study of mediators — chemicals involved in the transmission and blocking of nerve impulses | Katz, B. | physiologist | 1911 | UK Germany | |
Discovery of the role of nucleotides in carbohydrate biosynthesis | chemist | 1906 | |||
Fundamental works and discoveries in the field of antiferromagnetism and their application in solid state physics | Néel, L. | physicist | 1904 | France | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1970 for proving the Thompson-Fate theorem on the solvability of every finite group of odd order. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1992 for his profound influence on all aspects of finite group theory and their connections to other branches of mathematics. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2008 for profound achievements in algebra, in particular for giving a modern form to group theory | Thompson, J. | mathematician (Fields) | 1932 | UK | |
For his research in areas of numerical analysis that contributed to the use of high-speed digital computers, which gained particular importance in the light of his work on linear algebra calculations and "inverse" error analysis | Wilkinson, J. | computer science | 1919 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1970 | Novikov, S. | mathematician (Fields) | 1938 | Russia | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1970 | Hironaka, H. | mathematician (Fields) | 1931 | Japan | |
Discovery and exploration mediators - chemicals involved in the transmission and blocking of a nerve impulse | Euler, U. | physiologist | 1905 | Germany Sweden | |
Invention (1947- 48) and the development of holography | Gabor D. | physicist | 1900 | Hungary Germany | |
Studies of the electronic structure and structure of molecules, especially free radicals | Herzberg, G. | chemist | 1904 | Germany Canada | |
Study of the mechanisms of action of hormones | Sutherland, E. | physiologist | 1915 | USA | |
Lecture by Dr. Mac-Carty's "The State of the Art in Artificial Intelligence Research" highlights the state of the art in a field that owes much of its significant success to his work | McCarthy, J. | computer science | 1927 | USA | |
Creating a microscopic (quantum ) theories of superconductivity | Bardeen, J. | physicist | 1908 | USA | |
Study of the molecular structure of an enzyme ribonuclease and its relationship to catalytic activity | Stein, W. | chemist | 1911 | USA | |
Study of the molecular structure of an enzyme ribonuclease and its relationship with catalytic activity | Moore, S. (Moore, S.) | chemist | 1913 | USA | |
Study of the molecular structure of an enzyme ribonuclease and its relationship to catalytic activity | Anfinsen, C. | chemist | USA | ||
Determination of the chemical structure of antibodies | Porter, R. | physiologist | 1917 | UK | |
Determination of the chemical structure of antibodies | Edelman, G. | physiologist | 1929 | USA | |
Edsger Dijkstra made a significant contribution in the late 1950s to the development of the ALGOL language, a high-level programming language that became the epitome of clarity and mathematical rigor. He is one of the brightest representatives of the science and art of programming languages in their entirety, as well as a person who in many ways contributed to understanding their structure, representation and implementation. His publications for fifteen years cover a wide range of topics from theoretical articles on graph theory to basic guides, descriptions and philosophical reflections in the field of programming languages. | Dijkstra, E. | computer science | 1930 | Netherlands | |
Creating a microscopic (quantum ) theory of superconductivity Cooper, L. | physicist | 1930 | USA | ||
Creating a microscopic (quantum ) theories of superconductivity | Schrieffer, J. | physicist | 1931 | USA | |
Research in the field of individual and social behavior of animals | Frisch, K. | physiologist | 1886 | Austria | |
Research in the field of individual and social behavior of animals | Lorenz, K. | physiologist | 1903 | Austria | |
Research in the field of individual and social behavior of animals | Tinbergen, N. | physiologist | 1907 | Netherlands | |
Works on organometallic chemistry connections | Fischer, Er. | chemist | 1918 | Germany | |
Works on the chemistry of organometallic compounds | Wilkinson, G. | chemist | 1921 | UK | |
For his outstanding contributions to database technologies | Bachman, Ch. | computer science | 1924 | USA | |
Investigation and application of tunneling effect in semiconductors and superconductors | Esaki, L. | physicist | 1925 | USA | |
Study and application of tunneling effect in semiconductors and superconductors | Giæver, I. | physicist | 1929 | USA | |
Investigation and application of tunneling effect in semiconductors and superconductors | Josephson, B. | physicist | 1940 | UK | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1973 (For the development of the input-output method and its application to important economic problems) | Leontief, W. | economist | 1905 | < div class="menu"> Germany | |
Fields Medal in Mathematics 1974 | Bombieri E. | mathematician (Fields) | 1940 | Italy | |
Study of structural and functional cell organization | Duve, C. de | physiologist | 1917 | Belgium | |
Study of structural and functional cell organization | Claude, A. | physiologist | 1899 | Belgium | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1974 for work in algebraic geometry. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2008 for work on algebraic surfaces, Geometric invariant theory, and for developing foundations for modern algebraic theory of moduli spaces of curves and theta functions
| Mumford, D. ( Mumford, D. ) | mathematician ( Fields) | 1937 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1974 (For fundamental work on the theory of money and economic fluctuations and deep analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena) | Myrdal, G. | economist | 1898 | USA | |
Study of structural and functional organization of the cell | Palade, G. | physiologist | 1912 | Romania | |
Pioneering work in radio astrophysics (particularly aperture synthesis) | Ryle, M. | physicist | 1918 | UK | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1974 (For fundamental work on the theory of money and economic fluctuations and deep analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena) | Hayek, F. | economist | 1899 | Austria UK Germany USA | |
Defining role in discovery pulsars | Hewish, A. | physicist | 1924 | UK | |
Works on organic stereochemistry compounds | Prelog, V. | chemist | 1906 | Switzerland | |
Works on oncogenic genetics viruses and the discovery of the reverse transcriptase enzyme | Dulbecco, R. | physiologist | 1914 | USA | |
Turing Prize in Computer Science 1975 (Fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human perception mechanisms, and list processing), Nobel Prize in Economics 1978 (For pioneering research on decision-making within economic organizations) | Simon, H. | computer science | USA | ||
Pathfinding work cholesterol biosynthesis | Cornforth, J. | chemist | 1917 | United Kingdom | |
Development of the so-called generic models of the atomic nucleus | Rainwater, J. | physicist | 1917 | USA | |
Development of the so-called generic models of the atomic nucleus | Bohr, A. N. | physicist | 1922 | Denmark | |
Development of the so-called generic models of the atomic nucleus | Mottelson, B. | physicist | 1926 | Denmark | |
Their combined efforts over twenty years, first with J.K. Shaw at the RAND Corporation, and later with the faculty and student groups at Carnegie Mellon University, were marked by fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence, the psychology of human perception mechanisms and processing lists | Newell, A. | computer science | 1927 | USA | |
Works on the genetics of oncogenic viruses and the discovery of the reverse transcriptase enzyme | Temin, H. | physiologist | 1934 | USA | |
Works on the genetics of oncogenic viruses and the discovery of the reverse transcriptase enzyme | Baltimore, D. | physiologist | 1938 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1975 (For contributions to the theory of optimal resource allocation) | Koopmans, T. | economist | 1910 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1975 (For contributions to the theory of optimal resource allocation) | Kantorovich, L. | economist | 1912 | Russia | |
Development of the structure of borohydrides and contribution to the study of the nature of the chemical bond | Lipscomb, W. | chemist | 1917 | USA | |
Discoveries in epidemiology and prevention of infectious diseases (serum hepatitis, slow viral infections) | Gajdusek, D. | physiologist | 1923 | USA | |
For their shared article titled "Finite Automata and the Problem of Decidability for Them", which proposed the idea of a non-deterministic automaton, a concept that later proved to be of exceptional value. Their classic paper has been the inspiration for many subsequent works in the field | Scott, D. | computer science | 1932 | USA | |
Contribution to the discovery of severe elementary particle of a new type (gipsy particle) | Ting, S. | physicist | 1936 | Germany USA | |
Basic research in the field electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems | Van Vleck, J. | physicist | 1899 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1977 (For pioneering contributions to the theory of international trade and international capital movements) | Meade, J. | economist | 1907 | United Kingdom | |
Basic research in the field electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems | Mott, N. | physicist | 1905 | UK | |
Contributions to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes | Prigogine, I. | chemist | 1917 | Belgium | |
Discoveries related to secretion of peptide hormones of the brain, and the development of methods for their determination | Yalou, R. | physiologist | 1921 | USA | |
Basic research in the field electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems | Anderson, P. | physicist | 1923 | USA | |
For its deep, long-lasting and influential contribution to the design of practical high-level software systems, in particular for his work on the Fortran language, and his seminal publication on the formalization of programming language specifications | Backus, J. | Informatics | 1924 | USA | |
Discoveries related to secretion of brain peptide hormones, and development of methods for their determination | Guillemin, R. | physiologist | 1924 | USA | |
Discoveries related to secretion of peptide hormones of the brain, and the development of methods for their determination | Schally, E. | physiologist | 1926 | Lithuania | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1977 (For pioneering contributions to the theory of international trade and international capital movements) | Ohlin, B. | mathematician | 1899 | Sweden | |
N. I. Lobachevsky 1977 | Delaunay, B. | mathematician | 1890 | Russia | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 1977 (Discoveries related to the secretion of peptide hormones of the brain, and the development of methods for their determination) | Guillemin, R. | physiologist | 1924 | France | |
Fundamental discoveries in the field low temperature physicists | Kapitsa, P. | physicist | 1894 | USSR | |
Fields Prize | P. Deligne | mathematician | 1944 | Belgium | |
Discovery of restrictases (enzymes cleaving DNA) and their application in molecular genetics | Arber, W. | physiologist | 1929 | Switzerland | |
Discovery of microwave background radiation | Wilson, R. | physicist | 1936 | USA | |
(Princeton). Einstein Prize 1951 | Gödel, K. | mathematician | 1906 | Germany | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1978 for work on functional analysis, group representation theory, and for productive contributions to many areas of mathematics and their applications | Gelfand, I. | mathematician | 1913 | Ukraine | |
Study of the energy transfer process in cells and the development of chemiosmotic theory | Mitchell, P. | chemist | 1920 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1978 | Quillen D. | mathematician (Fields) | 1940 | USA | |
1978 Fields Prize in Mathematics for the theory of lattices in semisimple Lie groups. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2005 for his significant contributions to algebra, in particular to the theory of lattices in semisimple Lie groups, and for his outstanding applications in ergodic theory, representation theory, number theory, combinatorics and measure theory. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2020 (pioneer of the application of probabilistic and dynamic methods in group theory, number theory and combinatorics) | G. Margulis | mathematician (Fields) | 1946 | Russia | |
Discovery of restrictases (enzymes cleaving DNA) and their application in molecular genetics | Nathans, D. | physiologist | 1928 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 1978 (Discovery of the microwave background radiation) | Penzias, A. | physicist | 1933 | Germany | |
Discovery of restrictases (enzymes , splitting DNA) and their application in molecular genetics | Smith, H. | physiologist | 1931 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1978 for work in calculus. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2017 for work in analysis and geometry | Ch. Fefferman | mathematician (Fields) | 1949 | USA | |
For his undeniable influence for the methodology of creating efficient and reliable software and for his help in the development of such areas of computer science as the theory of parsing, the semantics of programming languages, automatic program verification, automatic program synthesis, and algorithm analysis | Floyd R. | computer science | 1936 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1979 for introducing algebro-geometric methods to number theory. Member of the "Nicolas Bourbaki Group" | Weil, A. | mathematician | 1906 | France < /td> | |
Development of new synthesis methods boron- and phosphorus-containing organic compounds | Wittig, G. | chemist | 1897 | Germany | |
Development of new synthesis methods boron- and phosphorus-containing organic compounds | Brown, H. | chemist | 1912 | USA | |
Development of a tomography method with using a computer | Hounsfield, G. | physiologist | 1919 | UK | |
For his pioneering work in the field of programming languages and mathematical notation, resulting in what is now known among specialists as APL, for his contributions to the implementation of interactive systems, the use of APL for educational purposes, and the theory and practice of programming languages | Iverson, K. | computer science | 1920 | Canada | |
Development of a tomography method with using a computer | Cormack, A. | physiologist | 1924 | USA | |
Contributions to the theory of the weak and electromagnetic interactions between elementary particles (the so-called electroweak interaction) | Salam, A. | physicist | 1926 | Pakistan | |
Contributions to the theory of the weak and electromagnetic interactions between elementary particles (the so-called electroweak interaction) | Glashow, Sh. | physicist | 1932 | USA | |
Contributions to the theory of the weak and electromagnetic interactions between elementary particles (the so-called electroweak interaction) | Weinberg, S. | physicist | 1933 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1979 for pioneering work in developing and applying topological methods to the study of differential equations | Leray, J. | and mathematician (Wolf) | 1906 | France | |
Discovery of genetically controlled structures on the surface of cells that regulate the body's immunological responses | Snell, G. | physiologist | 1903 | USA | |
Discovery of genetically controlled structures on the surface of cells that regulate the body's immunological responses | Dausset, J. | physiologist | 1916 | France | |
Sequence Contribution nitrogen bases in nucleic acid molecules | Sanger, F. | chemist | 1918 | UK | |
Discovery of genetically controlled structures on the surface of cells that regulate the body's immunological responses | Benacerraf, B. | physiologist | 1920 | USA | |
Discovery of Violation of Fundamental Principles symmetries in the decay of neutral K-mesons | Fitch,V. | physicist | 1923 | USA | |
Molecular hybridization studies nucleic acids (recombinant DNA) | Berg, P. | chemist | 1926 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1980 for pioneering work in algebraic topology, the theory of functions of several complex variables, homological algebra, and inspirational leadership of a generation of mathematicians | Cartan, H. | mathematician | 1904 | France | |
Discovery of Violation of Fundamental Principles symmetries in the decay of neutral K-mesons | Cronin, J. | physicist | 1931 | USA | |
Sequence Contribution nitrogen bases in nucleic acid molecules | Gilbert, W. | chemist | 1932 | USA < /div> | |
For his fundamental contributions to the definition and development of programming languages | Hoare, T. | computer science | 1934 | UK | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics in Mathematics 1980 for profound and original discoveries in Fourier analysis, probability theory, ergodic theory and dynamical systems. In 1994, the Russian Academy of Sciences established the A. N. Kolmogorov Prize | Kolmogorov, A. | mathematician | 1903 | Russia | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 1980 (Discovery of genetically controlled structures on the surface of cells that regulate the body's immunological responses | Dausset, J. | physiologist | 1916 | France | |
For three different full-time achievements: 1) LCF, automating proofs in Scott's logic of computable functions, seems to be the first automated proof construction tool built on a theoretical foundation and yet useful in practice; 2) ML, the first programming language to use polymorphic type inference along with a typed error handling mechanism; 3) CCS, general theory of parallel computing. In addition, he formulated and developed a complete abstraction, a theory about the relationship between operational and denotational semantics | R. Milner | computer science | 1934 | UK | |
Development of laser spectroscopy | Bloembergen, N. | physicist | 1920 | USA | |
Contribution to the development of the neurophysiology of vision | Wiesel, T. | physiologist | 1924 | Sweden | |
1981 Wolf Prize in Mathematics for the creator of the modern approach to algebraic geometry by merging it with commutative algebra | Zariski, O. | mathematician | 1899 | Belarus | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1978 for contributions to number theory, theory of several complex variables, and celestial mechanics | Siegel, C. | mathematician | 1896 | Germany | |
For his fundamental and lasting contributions to theory and the practice of database management systems, especially the relational type | Codd,E. | computer science | 1923 | United Kingdom , USA | |
Contribution to the development of high resolution electron spectroscopy < /div> | Siegbahn, K. | physicist | 1918 | Sweden | |
Discoveries in the field of functional specializations of the cerebral hemispheres | Sperry, R. | physiologist | 1913 | USA | |
Development of the theory of chemical reactions | Fukui, K. | chemist | 1918 | Japan | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 (Development of the theory of chemical reactions) | Hoffmann, R. | chemist | 1937 | Germany Poland | |
Contribution to the development of neurophysiology vision | Hubel, D. | physiologist | 1926 | USA | |
Development of laser spectroscopy < /div> | Schawlow, A. | physicist | 1921 | USA | |
Prostaglandin discoveries and related biologically active substances | Bergström, S. | physiologist | Sweden | ||
Works on complex microscopy of crystals and structure of nucleoprotein complexes | Klug, A. | chemist | 1926 | United Kingdom | |
Discoveries in the field of prostaglandins and biologically related ones active substances | Vane, J. | physiologist | 1927 | United Kingdom | |
Discoveries in the field of prostaglandins and biologically related ones active ingredients | Samuelsson, B. | physiologist | 1934 | Sweden < /td> | |
Development of the theory of critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions | K. Wilson | physicist < /div> | 1936 | USA | |
For the significant progress he made in understanding computational complexity. His work laid the foundation for the theory of NP-completeness. The study of the properties and boundaries of this class has become one of the most important directions in the theory of computing systems over the past ten years | St. Cook | computer science | 1939 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1982 (for insightful and original contributions to mathematics) | W. Thurston | mathematician (Fields) | 1946 | USA | |
Филдсовская премия по математике 1982 (За работу над алгебрами фон Неймана). Участник группы «Николя Бурбаки» | A. Connes | математик (Филдс) | 1947 | Франция | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1982 for contributions to differential geometry and topology. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2010 for work in geometric analysis that has had a strong influence on many areas of geometry and physics | Shing-Tung Yau | mathematician (Fields) | 1949 | China | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1982 for fundamental contributions to functional analysis and its applications | Krein, M. | mathematician | 1907 | Russia | |
Arthur group organizer Besse". Member of the French Academy of Sciences since November 29, 1982 | Berger, M. | mathematician | 1927 | France | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1983 for outstanding contributions into global differential geometry, which had a profound effect on all of mathematics | Shiing-Shen Chern | mathematician | 1911 | China | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1983 (For contributions to our understanding of general equilibrium theory and the conditions under which general equilibrium exists in some abstract economy) | Debreu, G. | economist | 1921 | France | |
Discovery of mobile genetic elements | McClintock, B. | physiologist | 1902 | Germany USA |
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The most cited article Probabilities and Potential B. - 1983 | mathematician | 1948 | France | ||
For developing a general theory operating systems, and in particular for creating Unix | D. Ritchie | computer science | 1941 | USA | |
Development of a reaction mechanism with electron transfer, particularly in solutions containing metal complexes | Taube, H. | chemist | 1915 | USA | За разработку общей теории операционных систем и в частности за создание Unix | K. Thompson | informatics | 1943 | США |
Construction work and evolution of stars | Fowler, W. | physicist | 1911 | USA | |
Construction work and evolution of stars | Chandrasekhar, S. | physicist | 1910 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1983 for contributions to number theory, combinatorics, probability theory, set theory and calculus, and for stimulating the development of mathematics throughout the world | Erdős, P. | physicist | 1913 | Hungary | |
For developing a series of innovative Computer Languages, Euler, Algol-W, Modula and Pascal | Wirth, N. | computer science | 1934 | Switzerland | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 (Development of the clonal selection theory of immunity) | Jerne, N. | physiologist | 1911 | France | |
Development of biotechnology for obtaining monoclonal antibodies formed by cell hybrids | G. Köhler | physiologist | 1946 | Germany | |
Creating a chemical synthesis method on solid matrices | Merrifield, R. | chemist | 1921 | USA | |
Contribution to research in high energy physics and elementary particle theory [discovery of intermediate vector bosons] | van der Meer, S. | div> physicist | 1925 | Netherlands | |
Development of biotechnology for obtaining monoclonal antibodies produced by cell hybrids | physiologist | 1927 | Argentina | ||
high energy physics and particle theory [discovery of intermediate vector bosons] | Rubbia, C. | physicist | 1934 | Italy | |
Contribution to the development of methods crystal structure definitions | Hauptman, H. | chemist | 1917 | USA | |
For his continued contributions to the theory of algorithms, including the development of efficient algorithms for flows on networks and other combinatorial optimization problems, the comparison of computations of polynomial complexity with the intuitive concept of efficiency, and, most importantly, for the contribution to the theory of NP-completeness | Karp, R. | computer science | 1935 | USA | |
Revealing the mechanism of cholesterol regulation metabolism in the body | J. Goldstein | physiologist | 1940 | USA | |
Revealing the mechanism of cholesterol regulation metabolism in the body | M. Brown | physiologist | 1941 | US | |
Discovery of the "quantum effect" Hall" | Klaus von Klitzing | physicist | 1943 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1985 (for his analysis of people's savings behavior, which is of exceptionally important practical importance in the creation of national pension programs) | Modigliani, F. | economist | 1918 | Italy | |
Discovery and exploration of factors cell and organ growth | Cohen, S. | physiologist | 1922 | USA | |
Contribution to mechanism research and kinetics of chemical reactions | Polanyi, J. | chemist | 1929 | Canada | |
Contribution to mechanism research and kinetics of chemical reactions | Herschbach, D. | chemist | 1932 | USA | |
Creating a scanning tunneling microscope | Rohrer, H. | physicist | 1933 | Switzerland | |
Contribution to mechanism research and kinetics of chemical reactions | Lee, Y. | chemist | 1936 | USA | |
For fundamental achievements in areas of development and analysis of algorithms and data structures | J. Hopcroft | computer science | 1939 | USA | |
Creating a scanning tunneling microscope | G. Binnig | physicist | 1947 | Germany | |
For fundamental achievements in areas of development and analysis of algorithms and data structures | R. Tarjan | computer science | 1948 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1986 (for work on the generalized Poincaré conjecture)
| Freedman, M. | mathematician (Fields) | 1951 | USA | |
Fields Medal in Mathematics 1986 (for his proof of Mordell's conjecture) | Faltings, G. | mathematician (Fields) | 1954 | Germany | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1986 (for work on the topology of smooth (differentiable) 4-manifolds). Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2015 (for the revolutionary invariants of four-dimensional manifolds, discovered by him as a graduate student, and for his work on the study of the relationship between the concepts of stability in algebraic geometry and in global differential geometry as applied to Fanoi manifolds and bundles). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2020 | Donaldson, S. | mathematician (Fields) | 1957 | United Kingdom | |
Creating a scanning tunneling microscope | Ruska, E. | physicist | 1906 | Germany | |
For development and application molecules with highly selective structure-specific interactions | Pedersen, Ch. | chemist | 1904 | USA | |
For development and application molecules with highly selective structure-specific interactions | Cram, D. | chemist | 1919 | USA | |
Opening of new (high-temperature ) superconducting materials | Müller, K. | physicist | 1927 | Switzerland | |
For development and application molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity | J.-M. Lehn | chemist | 1939 | France | |
Determination of gene structure, encoding antibodies and T-lymphocyte receptors | S.Tonegawa | physiologist | 1939 | Japan | |
Opening of new (high-temperature ) superconducting materials | Bednorz, J. | physicist | 1950 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1987 (For contributions to the theory of economic growth) | Solow, R. | economist | 1924 | USA | |
Evidence for the existence of two types of neutrinos | Lederman, L. | physicist | 1922 | USA | |
Create and apply new anticancer and antiviral drugs | Black, J. | physiologist | 1924 | Great Britain | |
Proving the existence of two types neutrino | Schwartz, M. | physicist | 1932 | USA | |
Definition of the 3D structure of photosynthetic reaction center in purple bacteria | Huber, R. | chemist | 1937 | Germany | |
For his pioneering and visionary contribution to computer graphics, beginning with but not ending with the invention of Sketchpad | Sutherland, I. E. | computer science | 1938 | USA | |
Definition of the 3D structure of photosynthetic reaction center in purple bacteria | J. Deisenhofer | chemist | 1943 | Germany | |
Definition of the 3D structure of photosynthetic reaction center in purple bacteria | H. Michel | chemist | 1948 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1988 (For his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and the efficient use of resources) | Allais, M. | economist | 1911 | France | |
Wolf Prize in Physics 1988 for his brilliant development of general relativity in which he showed the inevitability of cosmological singularities and explained the physics of black holes. Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 (Discovery of the connection between black hole formation mechanisms) | Penrose, R. | physicist | 1931 | UK | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1988 for outstanding work combining topology, algebraic and differential geometry, and algebraic number theory; and for promoting cooperation and research in mathematics. Lobachevsky Prize 1989 | Hirzebruch, F. | mathematician | 1927 | Germany USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1989 (For his explanations of the fundamentals of probability theory and his analysis of simultaneous economic structures) | Hirzebruch, F. | economist | 1911 | Norway | |
Studies of cellular mechanisms of oncogenesis | Bishop J. M. | physiologist | 1936 | Germany USA |
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Research into cellular mechanisms of oncogenesis | H. Varmus | physiologist | 1939 | USA | |
Evolution of the singleton retention method trapped ions and high-resolution precision spectroscopy | Dehmelt, H. | physicist | 1922 | Germany USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1989 for pioneering work on singular integral operators and their application to important problems in the field of partial differential equations | mathematician | 1920 | Argentina | ||
For his fundamental contributions into numerical analysis. One of the first experts in floating point calculations. Kahan is also dedicated to the task of "making the world safe for numerical calculations" | Kahan, W. | computer science | 1933 | Canada | |
Discovery of the enzymatic activity of ribonucleic acids | S. Altman | chemist | 1939 | USA | |
Evolution of the singleton retention method trapped ions and high-resolution precision spectroscopy | W. Paul | physicist | 1913 | Germany | |
Invention of the diversity oscillating method fields and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks | Ramsey, N. | physicist | 1915 | USA | |
Discovery of the enzymatic activity of ribonucleic acids | T. Cech | chemist | 1947 | USA | |
Transplant Discoveries organs and developing methods to prevent rejection reactions | Murray, J. | physiologist | 1919 | USA | |
Transplant Discoveries organs and development of methods to prevent rejection reactions | Thomas, E. | physiologist | 1920 | USA | |
Foundational research that has important for the development of the quark model | Kendall, H. | physicist | 1926 | USA | |
For his pioneering work on conception and development management on the creation of general purpose, large-scale computer systems with time and resource sharing CTSS and Multics | Corbato, F. | computer science | 1926 | USA | |
Development of theory and methods organic synthesis | Corey, E. | chemist | 1928 | USA | |
Foundational research that has essential for the development of the quark model | Taylor, R. | physicist | 1929 | Canada | |
Foundational research that has important for the development of the quark model | Friedman, Jer. | physicist | 1930 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1990 (for his proof of the positive energy theorem in general relativity). Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for contributions to the development of new topological approaches in physics, particle physics models derived from string theory, methods for detecting dark matter and the twistor approach to particle scattering amplitude, and the development of numerous applications of quantum field theory in mathematics)
| E. Witten | mathematician (Fields) | 1951 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1990 (for work in algebraic geometry) | Mori, Sh. | mathematician (Fields) | 1951 | Japan | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1990 (for work in functional analysis and knot theory) | Jones, V. | mathematician (Fields) | 1952 | New Zealand | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1990 (Major works in algebraic geometry, number theory, where he proved the Langlands conjecture for GL(2) over a function field, and mathematical physics (creator of quantum group theory, a new class of Hopf algebras). Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2018 for work, in which made significant progress at the intersection of geometry and mathematical physics | Drinfeld, V. | mathematician (Fields) | 1954 | Ukraine | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1990 for fundamental contributions in the fields of homogeneous complex domains, discrete groups, representation theory, and automorphic forms ) | Piatetski-Shapiro, I. | mathematician | 1929 | Russia | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1990 for innovative ideas and fundamental achievements in the field of partial differential equations and the calculus of variations | Giorgi, E. | mathematician | 1928 | Italy | |
Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 1990 | Razborov, A. | mathematician | 1963 | Russia | |
Advances in the description of the molecular ordering in complex condensed systems, especially in liquid crystals and polymers | Gennes, de P.-G. | physicist | 1932 | France | |
Development of new methods of spectroscopy using nuclear magnetic resonance | Ernst, R. | chemist | 1933 | Switzerland | |
Investigation of the functions of ion channels in the cell membrane < /div> | Bert Sakmann | physiologist | 1942 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize (1991; with B. Sakmann) (for his research on the function of ion channels in the cell membrane) | Erwin .Neher | physiologist | 1944 | Germany | |
Discovery of the role of protein phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism of cellular metabolism | E. Krebs | physiologist | 1918 | USA | |
Discovery of the role of protein phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism of cellular metabolism | Fischer, E. | physiologist | 1920 | USA | |
Research on the movement of electrons in chemical systems < /DIV> Marcus, R. Chemist 1923 USA | |||||
Nobel Prize in Physics 1992 (Contribution to development of elementary particle detectors) | Charpak, G. | physicist | 1924 | France | |
For contributions to the development distributed, personal computing environments and technology for their implementation: workstations, networks, operating systems, software systems, displays, security and document exchange | B. Lampson | computer science | 1943 | USA | |
In tribute to their founding works that provided the basis for the theory of computational complexity. | Hartmanis, J. | computer science < /div> | 1928 | Latvia, USA Germany | |
Development of a site-directed mutagenesis method and its application to protein structure determination | Smith, M. | chemist | 1932 | Canada | |
In tribute to their founding works that provided the basis for the theory of computational complexity. | Stearns, R. | computer science | 1936 | ||
For the discovery of binary pulsars | Joseph Taylor, Jr. | physicist | 1941 | USA | |
Discovery of discontinuous gene structure | R. Roberts | physiologist | 1943 | USA | |
Discovery of the polymerase chain method reactions - obtaining new DNA molecules using the DNA polymerase enzyme | K. Mullis | chemist | 1944 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1993 for pioneering and fundamental contributions to the theory of the structure of algebraic and other classes of groups, and in particular to the theory of constructions | J. Tits | mathematician | 1930 | France | |
Discovery of the discontinuous structure of a gene | P. A. Sharp | physiologist | 1944 | USA | |
For the discovery of binary pulsars < /div> | R. Hulse | physicist | 1950 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1993 (For a new study of economic history using economic theory and quantitative methods to explain economic and institutional change) | D. North | economist | 1920 | USA | |
bombardment by neutron beams | Shull, C. physicist | 1915 | USA | ||
Technology for studying materials by neutron beam bombardment < /div> | B. Brockhouse | physicist | 1918 | Canada | |
Discovery of mediator proteins (G-proteins) involved in signal transmission between cells and inside cells, and elucidation of their role in the molecular mechanisms of the occurrence of a number of infectious diseases (cholera, whooping cough, etc.) | M. Rodbell | physiologist | 1925 | USA | |
Discovering new properties of some carbon compounds | Olah, G. | chemist | 1927 | USA < /td> | |
For pioneering developments and creating large-scale artificial intelligence systems and demonstrating the practical importance and potential commercial benefits of technologies using artificial intelligence | E. Feigenbaum | computer science | 1936 | USA | |
Discovery of mediator proteins (G-proteins) involved in signal transmission between cells and inside cells, and elucidation of their role in the molecular mechanisms of the occurrence of a number of infectious diseases (cholera, whooping cough, etc.) | Alfred G. Gilman | physiologist | 1941 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1994 (for services to the geometry of Banach spaces, convexity in higher dimensions, harmonic analysis, ergodic theory, the theory of non-linear partial differential equations) | Bourgain, J. | Mathematician (Fields) | 1954 | Belgium | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1994 (for significant contributions to the solution of non-linear differential equations) | Lions, P.-L. | Mathematician (Fields) | 1956 | France | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1994 (for work on dynamical systems)
| Yoccoz, J.-Ch. | Mathematician (Fields) | 1957 | France | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1994 (for proof of the weakened Burnside conjecture) | Zelmanov, E. | Mathematician (Fields) | 1955 | Russia | |
Nevanlinna Prize in Informatics and Computational Mathematics 1994 | Wigderson, A. | mathematician | 1956 | Ukraine | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1994 (for his analysis of equilibrium in the theory of non-cooperative games) | Selten, R. | economist | 1930 | Germany | |
Investigation of the genetic regulation of early stages of embryonic development | Lewis, E. | physiologist | 1918 | USA | |
For experimental contributions to particle physics | Reines, F. | physicist | 1918 | USA | |
For experimental contributions to particle physics | M. Perl | physicist | 1927 | USA | |
For research in chemistry atmosphere, the study of the formation and decomposition of ozone | Rowland, S. | chemist | 1927 | USA | |
For research in chemistry atmosphere, the study of the formation and decomposition of ozone | Crutzen, P. | chemist | 1933 | Germany Netherlands | |
In tribute to his work on the foundations of the theory of computational complexity and its application to cryptography and program verification | Blum, M. | computer science | 1938 | USA | |
Investigation of the genetic regulation of early stages of embryonic development | Ch. Nüsslein-Volhard | physiologist | 1942 | Germany | |
For research in chemistry atmosphere, the study of the formation and decomposition of ozone | M. Molina | chemist | 1943 | Germany USA | |
Investigation of the genetic regulation of early stages of embryonic development | E. Wieschaus | physiologist | 1947 | Germany USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1995 for work on the stability of Hamiltonian systems | Moser, J. | mathematician | 1928 | Germany | |
For the discovery of isotope superfluidity helium | Lee, D. | физик | 1931 | USA | |
For discovering a new class organic compounds - fullerenes | Curl, R. | chemist | 1933 | USA | |
For the discovery of isotope superfluidity helium | Richardson, R. | physicist | 1937 | USA | |
For discovering a new class organic compounds - fullerenes | Kroto, X. | chemist | 1939 | Great Britain | |
For discovering the recognition mechanism cells of the body's immune system (T-lymphocytes), cells infected with a virus | P. Doherty | physiologist | 1940 | Australia | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1996 (For fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives and asymmetric information) | W. Vickrey | economist | 1914 | Canada | |
For fruitful work on implementation of temporal logic in computational sciences, and for outstanding contributions to the verification of programs and systems | A. Pnueli | computer science | 1941 | Israel | |
For discovering a new class organic compounds - fullerenes | R. Smalley | chemist | 1943 | USA | |
For discovering the recognition mechanism cells of the body's immune system (T-lymphocytes), cells infected with a virus | R. M. Zinkernagel | physiologist | 1944 | Switzerland | |
For the discovery of isotope superfluidity helium | D. Osherov D. Osheroff | физик | 1945 | USA | |
For elucidating the enzymatic mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthesis | Boyer, P. | chemist | 1918 | USA | |
For the discovery of an enzyme that transports ions through cell membranes | Skow J. | chemist | 1918 | Denmark | |
1997 | For inspiring visions of the future of interactive computing and the invention of key technologies to help realize this vision < /div> | D. Engelbart | computer science | 1925 | USA |
For developing methods for cooling and capturing atoms with using laser radiation | C. Cohen-Tannoudji | physicist | 1933 | France | |
For elucidating the enzymatic mechanism of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthesis ) | J. Walker | chemist | 1941 | UK | |
For his work in establishing the nature of the virus that causes spongiform encephalitis | S. Prusiner | physiologist | 1942 | USA | |
For the development of methods for cooling and capturing atoms using laser radiation | W. Phillips | physicist | 1948 | USA | |
For the development of methods for cooling and capturing atoms using laser radiation | S. Chu | physicist | 1948 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1997 (For their method of valuing financial derivatives) | G. Hinton | economist | 1941 | Canada | |
Discovery of the role of nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, which led to the development of the drug "Viagra" | R. Furchgott, | physiologist | 1916 | USA | |
Development of the functional density theory | W. Kohn | chemist | 1923 | Austria | |
Computer computational methods in quantum chemistry that make it possible to simulate the molecules of new chemicals not only in the process of experiments, but also virtually | J. Pople | chemist | 1925 | UK | |
Discovery of the role of nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, which led to the development of the drug "Viagra" | F. Murat | physiologist | 1936 | USA | |
Investigation of electron fluid transformations (at low temperatures and in a strong magnetic field) into particles with new properties (in particular, with a fractional electric charge) | D. Tsui | physicist | 1939 | USA | |
Discovery of the role of nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, which led to the development of the drug "Viagra" | L. Ignarro | physiologist | 1941 | USA | For foundational ideas in the field of databases, transaction processing research, and technical leadership in systems implementation. | J. N. Gray | informatics | 1944 | USA |
Investigations of electron fluid transformations (at low temperatures and in a strong magnetic field) into particles with new properties (in particular, with a fractional electric charge) | H. Störmer | physicist | 1949 | Germany | |
Research into transformations of an electron liquid (at low temperatures and in a strong magnetic field) into particles with new properties (in particular, with a fractional electric charge) | R. Laughlin | physicist | 1950 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1998 (for work on the Mandelbrot set, etc.) | C. McMullen | mathem. (Fields) | 1958 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1998 (for contributions into algebra, the theory of automorphic forms, and mathematical physics) | R. Borcherds | mathematician (Fields) | 1959 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1998 (for research linking functional analysis and combinatorics) | T. Gowers | mathem. (Fields) | 1963 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 1998 (for contributions in solving four problems of geometry) | M. Kontsevich | mathematician ( Fields) | 1964 | Russia | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1998 (For contribution to welfare economics) | Sen, Am. | economist | 1933 | India | |
For historically significant contributions to computer architecture, operating systems, and software design. | F. Brooks | informatics | 1931 | USA | |
Studies of the quantum structure of electroweak interactions | M. Veltman | physicist | 1931 | Netherlands | |
Открытие механизма «внутренних сигналов» у белковых молекул, в перспективе позволяющего повысить эффективность препаратов белковой природы, таких как интерферон | G. Blobel | physiologist | 1936 | USA | |
For pioneering developments and building large scale artificial intelligence systems and demonstrating the practical importance and potential commercial value of artificial intelligence technologies | R. Reddy | computer science | 1937 | India, USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1999 for contributions to classical and "Euclidean" Fourier analysis, and for his special influence on a new generation of analysts through his brilliant teaching and his work | E. Stein | mathematician (Wolf) | 1931 | Belgium | |
Studies of the quantum structure of electroweak interactions | G.'t Hooft | physicist | 1946 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 1999 (For analysis monetary and fiscal policy at various exchange rates and for the analysis of optimal currency areas) | R. Mundell | economist | 1932 | Poland | |
For discovering the role of proteins in the signaling mechanisms of the nervous system, which is important for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and others. ) | A. Carlsson | physiologist | 1923 | Sweden | |
For the development of integrated circuits. | J. Kilby | physicist | 1923 | USA | |
For discovering the role of proteins in the signaling mechanisms of the nervous systems that are important for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc. | P. Greengard | physiologist | 1925 | USA | |
Creating "femtochemistry" - ultrafast laser spectroscopy, which allows using ultrashort laser flashes to study processes occurring in femoseconds (one quadrillionth of a second) | A. Zewail | chemist | 1946 | OAP | |
For the discovery of electrically conductive polymers used in electronic devices (displays), the production of film and video film, "chameleon" glasses, etc. | A. MacDiarmid | chemist | 1927 | New Zealand | |
For the discovery of semiconductor heterostructures. | H. Krömer | physicist | 1928 | Germany USA | |
For discovering the role of proteins in the signaling mechanisms of the nervous systems that are important for the development of drugs for Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc. | E. Kandel | physiologist | 1929 | USA | |
For the discovery of semiconductor heterostructures. | Zh. Alferov | physicist | 1930 | Russia | |
For the discovery of electrically conductive polymers used in electronic devices (displays), production of film and video film, "chameleon" glasses, etc. | H. Shirakawa | chemist | 1936 | Japan | |
For the discovery of electrically conductive polymers used in electronic devices (displays), the production of film and video film, "chameleon" glasses, etc. | А. Heeger | chemist | 1936 | USA | |
Turing Prize in Computer Science 2000 (for fundamental contribution to the theory of computation, including, based on the concept of computational complexity, the theory of pseudo-random number generation, cryptography, and communication complexity) | A. Yao | mathematician | 1946 | China | |
Bolyai Prize in Mathematics 2000. | S. Shelah | chemist | 1945 | Israel | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2000 for teaching research in topology and applications of geometry, as well as for them to the Lie group, differential operator and mathematical physics | R. Bott | mathematics | 1923 | Hungary | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2000 (For the discovery semiconductor heterostructures) | H. Krömer | physicist | 1928 | Germany | |
N. I. Lobachevsky 1992. Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2001 for his profound work that influenced the development of many areas of mathematics, including dynamical systems, differential equations and singularity theory | V. Arnold | mathematician | 1937 | Ukraine | |
За исследования в области «хирального анализа», имеющие важное значение для синтеза лекарств | W. Knowles | chemist | 1917 | USA | |
For ideas fundamental to the development of object-oriented programming that arose during the development of the programming languages Simula I and Simula 67
| K. Nygaard | informatics | 1926 | Норвегия | |
For ideas fundamental to the development of object oriented programming that arose during the development of the programming languages Simula I and Simula 67 | O.-J. Dahl | computer science | 1931 | Norway | |
За исследования в области «хирального анализа», имеющие важное значение для синтеза лекарств | Ryōji Noyori | chemist | 1938 | Japan | |
For the discovery of genes that control the life cycle of the cell (the study of the mechanisms of cell reproduction is very important for the treatment of malignant neoplasms)
| L. Hartwell | physiologist | 1939 | USA | |
For research in "chiral analysis" important for drug synthesis | K. Sharpless | chemist | 1941 | USA | |
For the discovery of a special kinase protein, the threshold content of which in the cell is a signal for the start of the cell reproduction cycle (the study of the mechanisms of cell reproduction is very important for the treatment of malignant neoplasms) | T. Hunt | physiologist | 1943 | UK | |
For the discovery of a special kinase protein, the threshold content of which in the cell is a signal for the start of the cell reproduction cycle (the study of the mechanisms of cell reproduction is very important for the treatment of malignant neoplasms)
| P. Nurse | physiologist | 1949 | UK | |
For his work on obtaining Bose-Einstein condensates in rarefied gases. Research is applied in the field of high-precision measurements and nanotechnology, allows you to control the behavior of the laser beam and matter. | C. Wieman | physicist | 1951 | USA | |
For his work on obtaining Bose-Einstein condensates in rarefied gases. Research is applied in the field of high-precision measurements and nanotechnology, allows you to control the behavior of the laser beam and matter. | Ketterle W. | physicist | 1957 | Germany | |
For his work on obtaining Bose-Einstein condensates in rarefied gases. Research is applied in the field of high-precision measurements and nanotechnology, allows you to control the behavior of the laser beam and matter. | E. Cornell | physicist | 1961 | USA | |
Wolf Prize 2001 for numerous contributions to mathematics logic and set theory, as well as their applications in other branches of mathematics | S. Shelah | chemist | 1945 | Israel | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2001 (For his analysis of markets with asymmetric information) | M. Spence | economist | 1943 | USA | |
Филдсовская премия по математике 1954. Премия Вольфа по математике 2000 за за его многочисленные фундаментальные вклады в топологии, алгебраической геометрии, алгебре и теории чисел, а также за его воодушевляющие лекции и работы. Абелевская премия по математике 2003 за ключевую роль в придании современной формы многим отраслям математики, включая топологию, алгебраическую геометрию и теорию чисе | Serre, J.-P. | mathematician (Fields) | 1926 | France | |
For the discovery of cosmic neutrinos | R. Davis | physicist | 1914 | USA | |
For the development of mass spectroscopy methods for the determination of proteins | J. Fenn | chemist | 1917 | USA | |
For the discovery of cosmic neutrinos | M. Koshiba | physicist | 1926 | Japan | |
For discovering the mechanisms of genetic regulation of growth and development organs and mechanism of cell death | S. Brenner | physiologist | 1927 | UK | |
For the research that led to the discovery cosmic x-ray sources | R. Giacconi | physicist | 1931 | Italy | |
For the use of nuclear magnetic resonance in research structures of protein molecules | K. Wüthrich | chemist | 1938 | Switzerland | |
For the discovery of the mechanisms of genetic regulation of the growth and development of organs and the mechanism of cell death | J. Sulston | physiologist | 1942 | UK | |
For a unique contribution to increasing the practical value of public key encryption systems | L. Adleman | informatics | 1945 | USA | |
For a unique contribution to increasing the practical value of public key encryption systems | R. Rivest | informatics | 1947 | USA | |
For the discovery of the mechanisms of genetic regulation of the growth and development of organs and the mechanism of cell death | R. Horvitz | physiologist | 1947 | USA | |
Turing Award in Computer Science 2002 (For a unique contribution to increase the practical utility of public key encryption systems) | A. Shamir | computer science | 1952 | Israel | |
For the development of mass spectroscopy methods for the determination of proteins | K. Tanaka | chemist | 1959 | Japan | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2002 (for developing homotopy theory for algebraic varieties and formulating motivational cohomologies) | Voevodsky, V. A. | mathematician (Fields) | 1966 | Russia | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2002 (for proof of the Langlands correspondence conjecture for a general linear group over a field of functions) | L. Lafforgue | mathematician (Fields) | 1966 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2002 (For research in decision-making and mechanisms of alternative markets) | Kahneman, D. | mathematician | 1934 | Ukraine | |
Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 2002 | M. Sudan | mathematician | 1966 | India | |
For his work in the field of the study of superconductivity and superfluidity | V. Ginzburg | physicist | 1916 | Russia | |
For his work in the field of the study of superconductivity and superfluidity | Abrikosov, A. | physicist | 1928 | Russia | |
2003 For the development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for scanning human internal organs P. Lauterbur physiologist 1929 USA | |||||
2003 | For the development of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques for scanning human internal organs | P. Mansfield | physiologist | 1933 | UK |
For his work in the field of the study of superconductivity and superfluidity | A. J. Leggett | physicist | 1938 | USA | |
For many of the groundbreaking ideas that form the basis of modern object-oriented languages, for leading the Smalltalk language development team, and for fundamental contributions to the development of the PC field.области ПК | A. Kay | informatics | 1940 | USA | |
For research on ion channels in cell membranes and the water-salt balance in the human body. | P. Agre | chemist | 1949 | USA | |
For research on ion channels in cell membranes and the water-salt balance in the human body. | R. MacKinnon | chemist | 1956 | USA | |
Филдсовская премия по математике 1954. Премия Вольфа по математике 2000 за за его многочисленные фундаментальные вклады в топологии, алгебраической геометрии, алгебре и теории чисел, а также за его воодушевляющие лекции и работы. Абелевская премия по математике 2003 за ключевую роль в придании современной формы многим отраслям математики, включая топологию, алгебраическую геометрию и теорию чисе | Serre, J.-P. | mathematician (Fields) | 1926 | France | |
for the discovery and proof of the index theorem, which connected topology, geometry, and analysis, and for their outstanding role in building new bridges between mathematics and theoretical physicist | I. Singer | mathem. (Абель) | 1924 | USA | |
2004 | For his research into the cyclic regulation of protein levels in the cell - "ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation" | I. Rose | chemist | 1926 | USA |
for the discovery and proof of the index theorem, which connected topology, geometry, and analysis, and for their outstanding role in building new bridges between mathematics and theoretical physicist | M. Atiyah | mathem. (Абель) | 1929 | UK | |
За исследование циклических процессов регулирования уровня протеина в клетке — «убиквитин-опосредованного расщепления белков» | A. Hershko | chemist | 1937 | Israel | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2004 (For contributions to the study of the influence of time on economic policy and for research on the drivers of business cycles) | Kydland, F. | economist | 1943 | Norway | |
За пионерскую работу по проблеме межсетевого обмена (англ. internetworking), включая разработку и реализацию основных Интернет-протоколов, TCP/IP и за ведущую роль в области компьютерных сетей | B. Kahn | informatics | 1938 | USA | |
For the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction , i.e. for discovering the mechanism of forces that bind quarks together | D. Gross | physicist | 1941 | USA | |
For pioneering work on the problem of internetworking, including the development and implementation of the major Internet protocols, TCP/IP, and for his leadership in computer networking | V. Cerf | informatics | 1943 | USA | |
For discovering the genetic mechanisms of the human sense of smell | R. Axel | physiologist | 1946 | USA | |
For discovering the genetic mechanisms of the human sense of smell | L. Buck | physiologist | 1947 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 (For research cyclic processes of regulating the level of protein in the cell - "ubiquitin-mediated protein cleavage") | A. Ciechanover | chemist | 1947 | Israel | |
For the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction, i.e. for discovering the mechanism of forces that bind quarks together | H. Politzer | physicist | 1949 | USA | |
For the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction, i.e. for discovering the mechanism of forces that bind quarks together | Wilczek, F. | physicist | 1951 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004 (For research cyclic processes of regulating the level of protein in the cell - "ubiquitin-mediated protein cleavage") | A. Hershko | chemist | 1937 | Hungary | |
For his work in the quantum theory of optical coherence | Glauber, R. | physicist | 1925 | USA | |
for outstanding contributions to the theory and application of partial differential equations and the calculation of their solutions | Lax, P. | mathem. (Абель) | 1926 | Hungary | |
For fundamental contributions to the design of programming languages and the creation of the Algol 60 language, as well as to the design of compilers, and to the art and technique of computer programming | Naur, P. | informatics | 1928 | Дания | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 (For the discovery of the mechanism of the occurrence of certain reactions of metathesis (a cycle of chemical reactions as close as possible to natura | Chauvin, Y. | chemist | 1930 | France | |
For contributions to the development of precision laser spectroscopy | Hall, Jo. | physicist | 1934 | USA | |
For the discovery of a bacterium that causes gastritis and stomach ulcers | R. Warren | physiologist | 1937 | Australia | |
For contributions to the development of precision laser spectroscopy | Th. Hänsch | physicist | 1941 | Germany | |
Development of ruthenium catalysts for metathesis reactions | R. Grubbs | chemist | 1942 | USA | |
Development of molybdenum and tungsten catalysts for metathesis reactions | R.Schrock | chemist | 1945 | USA | |
For the discovery of the bacterium that causes gastritis and stomach ulcers | Marshall, B. | физиолог | 1951 | Australia | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2005 (For deepening our understanding of conflict and cooperation through the analysis of game theory) | Aumann, R. | economist | 1930 | Germany | |
Turing Award 2005 (For fundamental contributions to the design of programming languages and the creation of the Algol 60 language, as well as to the design of compilers, and to the art and technique of computer programming) | P. Naur | economist | 1926 | Denmark | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2005 (For the discovery the mechanism of some reactions of metathesis (a cycle of chemical reactions as close as possible to natural) of genomes) | Chauvin, Y. | chemist | 1930 | France | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2005 for fundamental and innovative contributions to algebraic and differential topology, mathematical physics, and above all, for the introduction of algebro-geometric methods | Novikov, S. | mathematician (Fields) | 1938 | Russia | |
for profound and fundamental contributions to harmonic analysis and the theory of smooth dynamical systems | Carleson, L. | mathem. (Abel) | 1928 | Sweden | |
For pioneering contributions to the theory and practice of computer program optimization, which served as the basis for modern optimizing compilers and automatic program parallelization | Allen, F. | informatics | 1932 | USA | |
Studies of cosmic microwave background radiation and "black holes" that confirmed the theory of the Big Bang as the origin of the Universe | G.Smoot | physicist | 1945 | USA | |
Studies of cosmic microwave background radiation and "black holes" that confirmed the theory of the Big Bang as the origin of the Universe | J. Mather | physicist | 1946 | USA | |
Study of the molecular processes of transcription - the first stage of protein synthesis in animals, plants and fungi. Understanding the principles of this process is of fundamental importance for the development of medicine, since many diseases, including cancer, are associated with its violations. | R. Kornberg | chemist | 1947 | USA | |
Discovery of the fundamental mechanism underlying the control of genetic information flows (discovery of RNA interference - a specific suppression of gene expression upon the introduction of double-stranded RNA) | Fire, A. | physiologist | 1959 | USA | |
Discovery of the fundamental mechanism underlying the control of genetic information flows (discovery of RNA interference - a specific suppression of gene expression upon the introduction of double-stranded RNA) | Mello, C. | physiologist | 1960 | USA | |
20062006 | for proving the Poincaré conjecture. | Perelman, G. | mathem. (Fields) | 1966 | Russia |
for contributions to Löwner's stochastic evolution, geometries of two-dimensional Brownian motion and conformal field theory | W. Werner | mathem . (Fields) | 1968 | France | |
for achievements connecting probability theory, theory representations and algebraic geometry | Okounkov, A. | mathematician (Fields) | 1969 | Russia | |
Fields Medal in Mathematics 2006. Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2015 (for breakthrough contributions to harmonic analysis, combinatorics, partial differential equations, and analytic number theory) | Tao, T. | mathem. (Fields) | 1975 | USA | |
Development of principles for the use of embryonic stem cells to breed genetically modified mice | O. Smithies | physiologist | 1925 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2007 (For creating fundamentals of the theory of optimal mechanisms) | Hurwicz, L. | economist | 1917 | RSFSR | |
Discoveries in the field of hard surface chemistry that led to the creation of effective catalysts for cleaning car exhaust gases, methods for protecting metals from corrosion, and obtaining cheap agricultural fertilizers | Ertl G. | chemist | 1936 | Germany | |
Development of principles for the use of embryonic stem cells for breeding mice | Capecchi M. | physiologist | 1937 | USA | |
Discovery of "giant magnetic resistance" lying at the heart of technologies for reading and sorting information in almost all modern magnetic media, and also one of the fundamental for nanotechnology | Al. Fert | physicist | 1938 | France | |
Discovery of the "giant magnetic resistance" lying at the heart of technologies for reading and sorting information in almost all modern magnetic media, and also one of the fundamental for nanotechnology | P. Grünberg | physicist | 1939 | Germany | |
for his fundamental contributions to the theory of probability, and in particular for the development of a unified theory of large deviations | S. Varadhan | mathem. (Абель) | 1940 | USA | |
Development of principles for the use of embryonic stem cells for breeding genetically modified mice | Ma. Evans | physiologist | 1941 | UK | |
For their role in the development of model checking, a highly effective program verification technique widely used in both software and hardware development[4] | E.Clarke | informatics | 1945 | USA | |
For their role in the development of model checking — highly effective program verification technique, widely used in the development of both software and hardware[4] | J. Sifakis | computer science | 1946 | Greece, France | |
For their role in the development of model checking, a highly effective program verification technique widely used in both software and hardware development[4] | Emerson, A. | informatics | 1954 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2007 for profound contributions into ergodic theory, probability theory, topological dynamics, analysis of symmetric spaces and homogeneous flows. | Furstenberg, H. | mathematician | 1935 | Germany | |
Abel Prize in Mathematics 2007 (for fundamental contribution to the theory of probability, and in particular for the creation of a unified theory of large deviations) | S. Varadhan | mathematician | 1940 | India | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics (for work on mixed Hodge theory, Weyl hypotheses, the Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and for contributions to arithmetic) | P. Deligne | math. (Abel) | 1944 | Belgium | |
Discovering the source of symmetry breaking , which made it possible to predict the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature | Nambu, Y. | physicist | 1921 | Japan | |
Green fluorescent protein discovery | Shimomura O. | chemist | 1928 | Japan | |
for profound achievements in algebra, in particular for giving a modern form to group theory | Tits, J. | mathem. (Abel) | 1930 | France | |
Discovery of human immunodeficiency virus | Montagnier, L. | physiologist | 1932 | France | |
for profound achievements in algebra, in particular for giving a modern form to group theory | Thompson, J. | mathem. (Абель) | 1932 | USA | |
Discovery of the link between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer | Hausen, H. | physiologist | 1936 | Germany | |
За вклад в практические и теоретические основы языков программирования и системного дизайна, в частности в области исследований устойчивости к ошибкам, абстракции данных и распределённых вычислений. | Лисков, Барбара | informatics | 1939 | USA | |
Discovery of the source of symmetry breaking, which made it possible to predict the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature | T. Maskawa | physicist | 1940 | Japan | |
2008 | Discovery of the source of symmetry breaking, which made it possible to predict the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature | M.Kobayashi | physicist | 1944 | Japan |
Discovery of human immunodeficiency virus | F. Barré-Sinoussi | physiologist | 1947 | France | |
Green fluorescent protein research | M. Chalfie | chemist | 1947 | USA | |
Green fluorescent protein research | Tsien, R. | chemist | 1952 | USA | |
2008 Clay Mathematics Institute Award | Voisin, C. | mathematician | 1962 | France | |
For developing optical semiconductor sensors - CCD arrays | W. Boyle | physicist | 1924 | USA | |
For the development of optical semiconductor sensors - CCD arrays | Smith, G. | physicist | 1930 | USA | |
For achievements concerning the transmission of light signals in fibers and the development of optical data transmission systems | Kao, Ch. | physicist | 1933 | China | |
For research into the structure and function of the ribosome | A. Yonath | chemist | 1939 | Israel | |
For research on the structure and function of the ribosome | Th. Steitz | chemist | 1940 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1993 for revolutionary contributions in global Riemannian geometry and symplectic geometry, algebraic topology, geometric group theory and the theory of partial differential equations. Bolyai Prize 2005. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2009 for revolutionary contributions to geometry | M. Gromov | mathematician (Abel) | 1943 | Russia | |
For the pioneering design and construction of the Alto, the first modern personal computer, and for his contributions to Ethernet technology and the development of tablet personal computers. | Ch. Thacker | informatics | 1943 | USA | |
For the discovery of mechanisms of protection of chromosomes by telomeres and the telomerase enzyme | E. Blackburn | physiologist | 1948 | USA | |
For research on the structure and functions of the ribosome | Ramakrishnan V. | chemist | 1952 | UK | |
For discovering the mechanisms of protection of chromosomes by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase | Szostak, J. | physiologist | 1952 | USA | |
За открытие механизмов защиты хромосом теломерами и фермента теломеразы | Greider, C. | physiologist | 1961 | USA | |
for his proofs of non-linear Landau damping (damping waves in plasma) and convergence to equilibrium in the Boltzmann equation | Villani, Cedric | mathematician (Fields) | 1973 | France | |
за огромное и продолжительное влияние, оказанное им на развитие теории чисел», а также «за его новаторские исследования, повлиявшие на современную mathem. | Tate, J. | mathem. (Абель) | 1925 | USA | |
For the technology of artificial insemination in vitro | Edwards, R. | physiologist | 1925 | UK | |
For developing ways to connect carbon atoms to each other | Suzuki, A. | chemist | 1930 | Japan | |
20102010 | For developing ways to connect carbon atoms to each other friend | Heck R. | chemist | 1931 | USA |
For developing ways to connect carbon atoms to each other | Negishi, E. | chemist | 1935 | Japan | |
For contributions to the theory of algorithms, including approximately correct learning, the theory of enumeration complexity and algebraic calculus, and the theory of parallel and distributed computing.[5] | L. Valiant | informatics | 1949 | UK | |
For pioneering experiments on the two-dimensional graphene material | Geim, A. | physicist | 1958 | Russia | |
for his results on stiffness against measures in ergodic theory and for their application to number theory | Lindenstrauss, E. | mathematical. (Fields) | 1970 | Israel | |
Gauss Award for Outstanding achievements in applied mathematics 2010, Abel Prize in Mathematics 2017 (for a decisive role in the creation of the mathematical theory of wavelets) | Y. Meyer | Mathematician(Abel) | 1939 | France |
|
for proving the conformal invariance of two-dimensional percolation and model Isinga in statistical physicist | Smirnov, S. | mathem. (Fields) | 1970 | Germany Russia | |
for his proof of the Fundamental Lemma in the theory of automorphic forms by new algebraic-geometric methods | Ngô Bảo Châu | mathematician ) | 1972 | Vietnam | |
for his proofs of the non-linearity of Landau damping (the damping of waves in a plasma) and the convergence to equilibrium in the Boltzmann equation | Villani, C. | mathem. (Fields) | 1973 | France | |
For pioneering experiments on the two-dimensional graphene material | Novoselov, K. | physicist | 1974 | Russia | |
Boyai Prize 2010 | Manin, Y. | mathematician | 1937 | Russia | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2010 for pioneering contributions to algebraic topology and conformal dynamics | Sullivan, D. | mathematician | 1941 | France< /div> | |
for pioneering discoveries in topology, geometry and algebra | Milnor, J. | mathem. (Абель) | 1931 | USA | |
Turing Award 2011 . For fundamental contributions to artificial intelligence through the development of a calculus for probabilistic and causal reasoning[6] | Pearl,J. | computer science | 1936 | Israel, USA | |
For his work on the activation of innate immunity | J. Hoffmann | physiologist | 1941 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (for the discovery of quasicrystals) | D. Shechtman | chemist | 1941 | Israel | |
For the discovery of dendritic cells and their role in adaptive immunity | R.Steinman | physiologist | 1943 | USA | |
For his work on the activation of innate immunity | Beutler, B. | physiologist | 1957 | USA | |
For the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe through the observation of distant supernovae | Perlmutter, S. | physicist | 1959 | USA | |
For the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe through the observation of distant supernovae | Schmidt, B. | physicist | 1967 | USA | |
For the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe through the observation of distant supernovae | Riess, A. | physicist | 1969 | USA | |
For creating breakthrough technologies for manipulating quantum systems, who made it possible to measure and control individual quantum systems | S. Haroche | physicist | 1944 | France | For the creation of breakthrough technologies for the manipulation of quantum systems, which made it possible to measure and control individual quantum systems | D. J. Wineland | physicist | 1944 | USA |
For work in the field developmental biology and induced stem cell production | Gurdon, J. | physiologist | 1933 | Great Britain | |
For pioneering work on probabilistic encryption[en] (including the first probabilistic public-key cryptosystem) and work on the use of zero-knowledge proofs in cryptographic protocols[7]. | Goldwasser, S. | computer science | 1958 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2012 for work on partial differential equations ( Caffarelli, L. ) | mathematician | 1948 | Argentina | ||
For research on G protein-coupled receptors | Kobilka, B. | chemist | 1955 | USA | |
For research on receptors, associated with G-proteins | R. Lefkowitz | Chemist | 1943 | USA | |
For pioneering work on probabilistic encryption[en ] (including the first probabilistic public-key cryptosystem) and work on the use of zero-knowledge proofs in cryptographic protocols [7]. | Micali, S. | computer science | 1954 | USA | |
for his fundamental contributions in discrete mathematics and computer science theory, and in recognition of his deep and long-term contributions to additive number theory and ergodic theory ) | mathematician (Abel) | E. Szemeredi | 1940 | Hungary | |
For his work in developmental biology and the production of induced stem cells | Yamanaka, Sh. | physiologist | 1962 | Japan | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2015 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity) | physicist | ||||
Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for significant contributions to our understanding of quantum field theory and string theory, fundamental applications of physics and mathematics) | Seiberg, N. | chemist | 1956 | Israel | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for the development of inflationary cosmology, including the theory of new inflation, infinite chaotic inflation and the theory of multiple universes, and for his contribution to the development of quantum stabilization mechanisms in string theory) | Linde, A. | physicist | 1948 | USSR | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (For the development original approaches to solving a number of problems in elementary particle physics, including hypotheses about extra dimensions, the nature of the Higgs boson, supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model, theories of dark matter, and the development of a mathematical apparatus for scattering amplitudes in gauge invariance) | N. Arkani-Hamed | physicist | 1972 | USA | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2012 (for the discovery of striking evidence of the dualism of weak and strong interactions in a number of supersymmetric string theories and the idea of gauge invariance) | Sen, Ash. | physicist | 1956 | India | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2012 (For the theory of stable distribution and the practice of market design) | Shapley, L. | economist | 1923 | USA | |
New Horizons Physics Award 2013 (For his work on the theory of field dynamics for the four-dimensional case. In particular, his proof (with Schwimmer) of the "A-theorem", which solved a long-standing problem, which leads to the emergence of new ideas) | Z. Komargodsky | physicist | 1983 | Ukraine | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2013 (for discoveries made in field theory and string theory, as well as the discovery of monopoles in gauge theories with a certain scheme of symmetry breaking, instantons, string theory in non-critical dimensions, the discovery of the gauge-string correspondence, etc. His ideas determined the development of physics in these areas for many decades ) | Polyakov, A. | physicist | 1945 | Russia | |
For the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that provided insight into the origin of elementary particle masses, and which was recently confirmed by the discovery of a predicted elementary particle by the Large Hadron Collider at CERN | Higgs, P. | physicist | 1929 | UK | |
For creating multilevel models of complex chemical systems | M. Karplus | chemist | 1930 | USA | |
For the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that provided an understanding of the origin of elementary particle masses and which has recently been | Englert, F. | physicist | 1932 | Belgium | |
For creating layered models complex chemical systems | A. Warshel | chemist | 1940 | USA | |
For fundamental contributions to the theory and practice of distributed and interacting systems, marked by the discovery of such concepts as causality and logical clocks, security and survivability, replicable automata, sequential data consistency[8].
| L. Lamport | informatics | 1941 | USA | |
Abel Prize (for revolutionary contributions to algebraic geometry that have transformed representation theory, number theory, and many related fields) | P. Deligne | math. | 1944 | Belgium | |
For creating multilevel models of complex chemical systems | M. Levitt | chemist | 1947 | USA | |
New Horizons Award physics” 2013 (for his work on the theory of field dynamics for the four-dimensional case. In particular, his proof (together with Schwimmer) of the “A-theorem”, which solved a long-standing problem, which leads to new ideas) | Komargodski, Z. | physicist | 1983 | USSR | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2013 for fundamental contributions to algebraic geometry, mathematical achievements noted as amazing in their depth and scope | Artin, M. | mathematician (Wolf) | 1934 | Germany | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2013 (for the development of precise methods for describing gauge fields and their connection with string theory) | Beisert, N. | physicist | 1977 | Germany | |
Breakthrough Award in field of medicine 2013 (for the development of a method for studying human hereditary diseases using DNA polymorphisms) | Botshtein, D. | medic | 1942 | Germany | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for leading role in the science project that led to the discovery of the Higgs-like particle) | Virdee, T. | physicist | 1952 | Kenya | |
For the discovery of mechanisms, regulating vesicular transport, the main transport system of our cells | R. Schekman | physiologist | 1948 | USA | |
For the discovery of mechanisms, regulating vesicular transport, the main transport system of our cells | Rothman, J. | physiologist | 1950 | USA | |
For discovering the mechanisms that regulate vesicular transport, the main transport system of our cells | Südhof, Th. | physiologist | 1955 | USA | |
Frontline Physics Award 2013 (for the theoretical prediction and experimental discovery of topological insulators ) | Zhang Shoucheng | physicist (Milner) | 1963 | China | |
Medical Breakthrough Award 2013 ( for exploring the mechanisms of angiogenesis that led to the development of therapies for cancer and eye diseases) | Ferrara, N. | medic (Milner) | 1956 | Italy | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2013 ( For far-reaching new insights into duality, gauge theory and geometry, and especially for his work linking theories of different dimensions in unexpected ways) | Gaiotto, D. | physicist (Milner) | 1977 | Italy | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for leading role in the science project that led to the discovery of the Higgs-like particle) | Gianotti, F | physicist | 1948 | Switzerland | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for leading role in the scientific project leading to the discovery of the Higgs-like particle) | Incandela, D. | physicist | 1956 | Italy | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for leading role in a scientific project that led to the discovery of a particle similar to the Higgs boson) | Tonelli, G. | physicist | 1950 | Italy | |
Breakthrough Award in 2013 (for discovering the mechanism of the Wnt signaling pathway) | H.Clevers | Medic | 1857 | Netherlands | |
2013 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for his work on telomeres) | De Lange, Titya | medic | div> 1856 | Netherlands | |
Physics Frontier Award 2013 ( for theoretical prediction and experimental discovery of topological insulators) | Molenkamp, L. | physicist | 1856 | Germany Netherlands | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2013 (for leading role in the science project that led to the discovery of the Higgs-like particle) | Della Negra, M. | physicist | 1942 | France | |
2013 | За открытие механизмов, регулирующих везикулярный транспорт, главную транспортную систему наших клеток | Ротман, Джеймс | physiologist | 1950 | USA |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2013 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity) | Ryu, S. | physicist (Milner) | 1977 | Japan | |
For the discovery of efficient blue optical LEDs that produce bright and energy efficient white light sources | Akasaki | physicist | 1929 | Japan | |
for fundamental contributions to the study of dynamical systems, ergodic theory and mathematical physics | Y. Sinai | mathematician (Abel ) | 1935 | Russia | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2014 (for revealing numerous structures underlying scattering amplitudes in gauge theories and gravitation) | Cachazo, F | physicist | 1973 | Venezuela | |
For the discovery of cells, constituting the positioning system in the brain | J. O'Keefe | physiologist | 1939 | USA | |
For fundamental contributions to the principles and practices that underlie modern database management systems[9]. | M. Stonebraker | informatics | 1943 | USA | |
For the development of high-resolution fluorescence microscopy | Moerner, W. | chemist | 1953 | USA | |
For the discovery of efficient blue optical light-emitting diodes, which made it possible to create bright and energy-efficient white light sources | Nakamura, Sh. | physicist | 1954 | USA | |
For the discovery of efficient blue optical light-emitting diodes, which made it possible to create bright and energy-efficient white light sources
| Amano, H. | physicist | 1960 | Japan | |
For the development of high-resolution fluorescence microscopy | Betzig, E. | chemist | 1960 | USA | |
For discovering the cells that make up the positioning system in brain | Moser, E. | physiologist | 1962 | Norway | |
For the creation of high resolution fluorescence microscopy | Hell, S. | chemist | 1962 | Germany Romania | |
For discovering the cells that make up the positioning system in brain | Moser, M.-B. | physiologist | 1963 | Norway | |
for developing powerful new number geometry techniques and applying them to the theory of countable rings of small ranks and for finding restrictions on the average rank of elliptic curves | Bhargava, M. | math. (Fields) | 1974 | Canada | |
for outstanding contributions to the theory of stochastic differential equations in partial derivatives, and, in particular, for creating the theory of regular structures for it | Hairer, M. | mathematician (Fields) | 1975 | Austria | |
for outstanding contributions to the dynamics and geometry of Riemann surfaces and to the theory of their moduli spaces | Mirzakhani, M. | mathem. (Fields) | 1977 | Iran | |
for profound contributions to the theory of dynamical systems, who changed the face of this trend with the idea of using the notion of renormalization as a unifying principle | Avila, A. | math. (Fields) | 1979 | Brazil | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2014 for fundamental contributions in mathematical analysis, calculations of numbers, geometry and combinatorics | Sarnak, P. | mathematics | 1953 | South Africa | |
New Horizons of Physics Award 2014 (For his pioneering contribution to the study of string theory and quantum field theory, in particular for his work on the relationship between gas dynamics equations and Albert Einstein equations in general relativity) | Minwalla, Sh. | physicist | 1972 | India | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2014 ( For the development of new methods in conformal field theory, the revival of the conformal bootstrap program for limiting the spectrum of operators and structure constants in three-dimensional and four-dimensional conformal field theories) | Rychkov, V. | physicist | 1975 | Germany USSR | |
Medical Breakthrough Award 2014 (for work on the causes and molecular mechanisms of intracellular protein degradation) | Varshavsky, A. | medic (Milner) | 1946 | USSR | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2014 (For analysis market power and its regulation) | Tirole, J. | economist | 1953 | France | |
2014 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for the discovery of the MTOR target of the immunosuppressant rapamycin and its role in cell growth control) | Hall, M. | physiologist | 1953 | Puerto Rico | |
Chern Prize 2010 ( For his role in formulating the modern theory of non-linear elliptic partial differential equations and in mentoring numerous students and postdoctoral fellows in the field), Abel Prize in Mathematics 2015 (brilliant and original contributions to the theory of non-linear partial differential equations and its applications to geometric analysis) | Nirenberg, L. | mathematician (Abel) | 1925 | Canada | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2015 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity) | physicist | 1970 | |||
For discoveries concerning new therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites | Campbell, W. | physiologist | 1930 | USA | |
For discoveries concerning a new therapy against malaria | Tu Youyou | physiologist | 1930 | China | |
For their discoveries concerning a new therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites | Omura, S. | physiologist | 1935 | Japan | |
For his research into the mechanism of DNA repair | T. Lindahl | chemist | 1938 | Sweden | |
For the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which show that neutrinos have mass | A. McDonald | physicist | 1943 | Canada | |
For fundamental contributions to cryptography[10]. | B. Diffie | informatics | 1944 | USA | |
For fundamental contributions to cryptography[10]. | M. Hellman | informatics | 1945 | USA | |
For his research into the mechanism of DNA repair | P. Modrich | chemist | 1946 | USA | |
For the study of DNA repair mechanism | A. Sancar | chemist | 1946 | Turkey | |
For the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which show that neutrinos have mass | Kajita, T. | physicist | 1959 | Japan | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2015 for fundamental contributions into the theory of automorphic representations of reductive groups | Arthur, J. | mathematician | 1944 | Canada | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2015 ( For fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity) | Toro, N. | physicist | 1985 | USA | |
New Horizons Award Physics" 2015 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity) | physicist | 1969 | |||
Breakthrough Award in Medical Sciences 2015 (for the discovery and pioneering research in the development of high-frequency deep brain stimulation, which has revolutionized the treatment of Parkinson's disease) | Benabid, A.-L. | physiologist | 1942 | France | |
for outstanding and original contributions to the theory of non-linear partial differential equations and its applications to geometric analysis | Nash, J. | mathem. (Абель) | 1928 | USA | |
Turing Prize in Computer Science 2016 (invention of the World web, the first web browser, and the fundamental protocols and algorithms that influenced the spread of the Internet) | Berners-Lee, T. | computer scientist | 1955 | great. | |
because of his stunning proof of the application of UK results, Fermat uses modularity theory for semi-stable elliptic curves, opening a new era in number theory | Wiles, A. | mathem. (Абель) | 1953 | UK | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2016 (for experiments on neutrino oscillations) | Kam-Biu Luk | physicist (Milner) | 1953 | China | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2016 (for experiments on neutrino oscillations) | Wang Yifang | physicist ( Milner) | 1963 | China | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2016 (For outstanding contributions to theoretical cosmology) | Senatore, L. | physicist | 1980 | Italy | |
New Horizons Mathematics Award 2016 (for witty and unexpected solutions to a number of old unsolved problems in Riemannian geometry, harmonic analysis, combinatorial geometry) | Guth, L. | mathematician | 1977 | USA |
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Fundamental Physics Prize 2016 (for experiments on neutrino oscillations) | A. McDonald | physicist | 1943 | Canada | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 (For design and the synthesis of molecular machines) | Stoddart, D. | chemist | 1942 | ||
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 (For design and synthesis of molecular machines) | Feringa, B. | chemist | 1951 | Netherlands | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2016 ( For outstanding contributions to condensed matter physics, especially for using topology to understand new states of matter) | Bernevig, A. | physicist (Milner) | 1978 | Romania FRG | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2016 (For their contribution to the development of contract theory) | Holmström, B. | economist | 1949 | Finland | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 (For theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter) | Haldane, D. | physicist | 1951 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 along with Sir J. Fraser Stoddart and Bernard Feringa (for the design and synthesis of molecular machine catalysts | J-P Sauvage | chemist | 1944 | France | |
Medical Breakthrough Award 2016 ( for pioneering research and sequencing of ancient DNA and genomes, which has provided new insights into our understanding of the origins of modern humans and their evolutionary relationships with extinct related species such as Neanderthals and the evolution of human populations) | Pääbo, S. | medic | 1955 | FRG | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2016 ( For outstanding contributions to theoretical cosmology) | Flauger, R. | physicist | 1985 | FRG | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2016 (for discovery of gravitational waves, opening up new horizons in astronomy and physics). Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 (For decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and observation of gravitational waves) | Weiss, R. | physicist | 1932 | FRG | |
2016 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for the discovery of mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene that causes premature Alzheimer's disease) | Hardy, J. | medic | 1954 | Sweden | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2017 (For creating a wide range of new experimental research in fundamental physics) | Arvanitaki, A. | physicist (Milner) | 1980 | Greece | |
New Horizons of Physics Award 2017 (For creating a wide range of new experimental studies of fundamental physics) | Rajendran, S. | physicist (Milner) | 1983 | India | |
Physics Frontier Award 2014 ( for numerous profound and revolutionary contributions to quantum field theory, quantum gravity, string theory, and geometry.Their joint statistical derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking formula unified the laws of thermodynamics with the laws of black hole dynamics and showed the holographic nature of quantum spacetime). Fundamental Physics Prize 2017 (for formulating the "wall of fire paradox" - a theory that explains why black holes violate the laws of physics) | Vafa, C. | physicist (Milner) | 1960 | India | |
New Horizons Physics Award 2017 (For creative collaboration on higher spin gravity and its holographic connection to a new decidable field theory) | Giombi, S. | physicist | 1984 | Canada | |
2017 Medical Breakthrough Award (for the discovery of the genetic causes and biochemical mechanisms of spinocerebellar ataxia and Rett syndrome - observations that have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases) | Zoghbi, H. | medic | 1954 | Lebanon | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2017 ( for brilliant solutions to many key problems in probability theory, in particular those related to the critical behavior of Ising-type models) | Duminil-Copin, H. | mathematician | 1985 | France | |
Medical Breakthrough 2017 Award ( for revealing the central role of RNA in the formation of the active sites of the ribosome, the fundamental mechanism of protein synthesis in all cells, thereby linking modern biology to questions of the origin of life, as well as explaining how many natural antibiotics destroy protein synthesis) | Noller, H. | medic | 1939 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2017 (For decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and observation of gravitational waves) | Weiss, R. | physicist | 1932 | FRG | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2017 ( For creating the first computer code capable of simulating spiral mergers and binary black hole mergers, thus laying a decisive foundation for interpreting recent observations of gravitational waves; and for discovering new directions in the numerical theory of relativity) | Pretorius, F. | physicist | 1973 | South Africa | |
Breakthrough Award in Medical Sciences 2017 (for pioneering research on the Wnt pathway, one of the most important intercellular signaling systems in development, cancer and stem cell biology) | Nusse, R. | medic | 1950 | Netherlands | |
Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics 2017 (for numerous researches, including work in the fields of analysis, combinatorics, partial differential equations, higher-dimensional geometry and number theory) | Bourgain, J. | mathem. (Fields) | 1954 | Belgium | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 (For the development high resolution cryoelectron microscopy to determine the structure of biomolecules in solution) | Frank, I. | chemist | 1940 | Germany | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2017 ( for his transformational contributions to birational algebraic geometry, in particular the program of minimal models in all dimensions) | Hacon, Ch. | mathematician | 1970 | Great . | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2017 (For the development high-resolution cryoelectron microscopy to determine the structure of biomolecules in solution) | J. Dubochet | chemist | 1942 | FRG | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2017 ( for pioneering work in geometric representation theory, including the development of the Hodge theory for Sörgel bimodules and the proof of the Kazhdan-Lustig conjecture for Coxeter groups) | Williamson, G. | mathematician | 1942 | FRG | |
Turing Award in Computer Science 2018 (For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a cornerstone component in computing) | LeCun, Y. | computer scientist | 1960 | France | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1996 for his dazzling work and extraordinary insights into number theory, automorphic forms and group representation, Abel Prize in Mathematics 2018 for a predictive program linking representation theory to number theory | Langlands , R. | mathematician | 1936 | Canada | |
Turing Award for Computer Science 2018 (For the conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a cornerstone component in computing) | Hinton, G. | computer scientist | 1947 | Great . | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2018 (behind the facade maps of the early Universe, which have a high degree of danger associated with space exploration and fluctuations that served as the basis for the formation of galaxies) | Hinshaw, G. | physicist | 1959 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 (For the method generation of high-intensity ultrashort optical pulses) | Strickland, D. | physicist | 1959 | Canada | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2018 for a work that has made significant progress at the intersection of geometry and mathematical physics | Beilinson, A. | mathematician (Wolf) | 1937 | Russia | |
Nevanlinna Prize for Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 2018 | Daskalakis, C. | mathematician | Greece | ||
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2018 ( for remarkable applications of the theory of modular forms to problems of packing balls in individual dimensions) | Viazovska, M. | mathematician (Milner) | 1984 | Ukraine | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 (For the method generation of high-intensity ultrashort optical pulses) | Mourou, G. | physicist | 1944 | France | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2018 ( for remarkable applications of the theory of modular forms to problems of packing balls in individual dimensions) | Viazovska, M. | mathematician | 1984 | Germany | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2018 ( for deep work on the global Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture and the discovery of geometric interpretations for higher derivatives of L-functions in function fields) | Yun Zhiwei | mathematician | 1982 | China | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2018 ( for deep work on the global Gan-Gross-Prasad conjecture and the discovery of geometric interpretations for higher derivatives of L-functions in function fields) | Wei Zhang | mathematician | 1981 | China | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2018 (For integrating technological innovation into long-term macroeconomic analysis) | Romer, P. | economist | 1955 | USA | |
Nevanlinna Prize in Computer Science and Computational Mathematics 2018 | Furstenberg, H. | mathematics | 1981 | Greece | |
2018 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for elucidating the unfolded protein response, a cell quality control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and directs cells to take corrective action) | Walter, P. | medic (Milner) | 1954 | Germany | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2018 | Venkatesh, A. | mathematics | 1981 | India | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2018 | mathematician | 1978 | Iran | ||
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2018 | Figalli, A. | mathematician | 1984 | Italy | |
Turing Prize in Computer Science 2018 (For conceptual and engineering breakthroughs that have made deep neural networks a cornerstone component in computing) | Bengio, J. | mathematician | 1964 | France |
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Kavli Prize 2018 in Nanotechnology (for invention of the CRISPR-Cas9 method, a precise nanotool for DNA editing that revolutionized biology, agriculture and medicine) | Šikšnys, V. | chemist | 1956 | FRG USSR | |
Fields Medal in Mathematics 2018. New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2016. Declined | Scholze, P. | mathematician | 1987 | FRG | |
Award for Breakthrough in Medicine 2019 (for studying the consequences of aneuploidy — an abnormal number of chromosomes resulting from improper chromosome separation) | Amon, A. | medic | 1967 | Austria | |
New Horizons Award Mathematics" 2019 (for the development (together with Eric Katz) of the combinatorial Hodge theory, which provided a solution to the Rota conjecture of logarithmic concavity) | Adiprasito, K. | mathematician | Germany | ||
Nobel Prize in Economics 2019 (For experimental approach to fighting global poverty) | Banerjee A. | economist | 1961 | India | |
New Horizons Physicist Award 2019 (For research on current and future ground-based gravitational wave detectors) | Adhikari, R. | physicist | 1974 | India | |
. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 (For the improvement of lithium-ion batteries) | Goodenough, J. | chemist | 1922 | FRG | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2019 ( for research on current and future ground-based gravitational wave detectors) | Barsotti, L. | physicist | 1977 | Italy | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2019 (for the invention of supergravity, in which quantum variables are part of the description of the space-time geometry) | Ferrara, S. | physicist | 1945 | Italy | |
New Horizons Award Mathematics” 2019 (for a fundamental breakthrough in understanding local correlations of the values of multiplicative functions) | North, D. | mathematician | 1988 | Russia | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 (For theoretical research in physical cosmology) | Peebles, D. | physicist | 1935 | *Canada | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2019 ( for significant advances in the program of minimal models and applications to modules of algebraic varieties) | Chenyang Xu | mathematician | 1981 | China | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2019 ( for a fundamental breakthrough in understanding local correlations of values of multiplicative functions) | Radziwill, M. | mathematician | 1988 | Russia | |
2019 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for developing an effective antisense oligonucleotide therapy for children with the neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy) | Krainer, A. | medic (Milner) | 1958 | Uruguay | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2019 ( for a fundamental breakthrough in understanding local correlations of values of multiplicative functions) | Matomäki, K. | mathematician (Milner) | 1985 | Finland | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2019 (For experimental approach to fighting global poverty) | Duflo, E. | mathematician | 1972 | France | |
Breakthrough Award in Mathematician 2019 (For the contribution of tectonic scales to a number of areas of mathematician and, in particular, within the framework of the Lengleds Program for Function Fields) | Lafforgue, V. | mathematician (Филдс) | 1974 | Франция | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2019 for contributions into the theory of random processes | Le Gall, J.-F. | mathematician (Wolf) | 1959 | France | |
Special Prize in Fundamental Physics 2019 ( for the discovery of supergravity, in which quantum variables are part of the description of the geometry of space-time) | Nieuwenhuizen, van P. | physicist | 1938 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 (For the discovery exoplanets orbiting a sun-like star) | Queloz, D. | physicist | 1966 | Switzerland | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 (For the discovery exoplanets orbiting a sun-like star) | Mayor, M. | physicist | 1942 | Switzerland | |
New Horizons Award Mathematics” 2019 (for the development (together with Eric Katz) of the combinatorial Hodge theory, which provided a solution to the Rota conjecture of logarithmic concavity) | June Huh | mathematician | 1983 | USA | |
2020 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for discovering the functions of molecular chaperones in mediating protein folding and preventing protein aggregation) | Hartl, F.-U. | medic | 1957 | Germany | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2020 ( For developing new methods for extracting fundamental physics from astronomical data) | Nissanke, S. | physicist | 1978 | UK | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2020 ( For outstanding contributions to the understanding of the topological states of matter and the relationships between them) | Metlitski, M. | physicist | 1980 | Canada | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2020 ( For his great contribution to the understanding of quantum field theory) | Vieira, P. | physicist | 1982 | Canada | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020 ( Discovery of the hepatitis C virus) | Houghton, M. | physiologist | 1949 | ||
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2020 ( for his work in arithmetic algebraic geometry, including applications to the theory of Simura manifolds and the Riemann-Hilbert problem for p-adic manifolds) | Xinwen Zhu | mathematician | 1982 | China | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 (Discovery of supermassive black hole at the center of the Galaxy) | Genzel, R. | physicist | 1952 | FRG | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2020 | Eliashberg, Y. | mathematician | 1946 | Russia | |
2020 Mathematics Breakthrough Award (for revolutionary discoveries in the dynamics and geometry of moduli spaces of abelian differentials, including the joint proof of the “magic wand theorem” with Mirzakhani) | Eskin, A. | mathematician | 1965 | Russia | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2020 (for fundamental ideas about entropy in quantum field theory and quantum gravity) | Levin, M. | physicist | 1969 | USSR | |
Abel Prize in Mathematics 2020 (application trailblazer probabilistic and dynamic methods in group theory, number theory and combinatorics) | Furstenberg, G. | mathematician | 1935 | Germany | |
2020 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for discovering TDP43 protein aggregates in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and for revealing that different forms of alpha-synuclein in different cell types underlie Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy) | Man-Yee Lee, V. | medic (Milner) | 1945 | China | |
Turing Award 2020 (For shaping the foundations of compilation and algorithms for programming languages) | Aho, A. | mathematician | 1941 | Canada |
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New Horizons Physics Prize 2020 ( For developing new methods for extracting fundamental physics from astronomical data) | Smith, K. | physicist | 1977 | Canada | |
New Horizons Award Physics” 2020 (For his great contribution to the understanding of quantum field theory) | Caron-Huot, S. | physicist | 1984 | Canada | |
2015 Medical Breakthrough Award ( for turning an ancient mechanism of bacterial immunity (CRISPR/Cas9) into a viable technology for modifying the genome with broad implications for all of biology and medicine Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 (Creating a method for editing genomes) | Charpentier, E. | chemist | 1968 | UK | |
Wolf Prize in Physics 1988 for brilliant development general theory of relativity, in which he showed the inevitability of cosmological singularities and explained the physics of black holes. Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 (Discovery of the connection between black hole formation mechanisms) | Penrose, R. | physicist | 1931 | UK | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2021 ( For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter, especially with regard to the SENSEI experiment) | Volansky, T. | physicist | 1977 | Israel | |
New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2021 ( For a new technique for studying solutions of elliptic equations, and its application to long-standing problems of nodal geometry) | Logunov , A. | mathematician | 1989 | Russia | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2021 ( For calculating the quantum informativity of a black hole and its radiation) | Engelhardt, N. | mathematician | 1988 | Israel | |
Breakthrough Award in 2021 (for the discovery that fetal DNA is present in maternal blood and can be used for prenatal testing of trisomy 21 and other genetic disorders) | Dennis Lo, Yuk-ming | medic (Milner) | 1963 | China |
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New Horizons in Mathematics Award 2021 ( For outstanding work in the field of commutative algebra and arithmetic algebraic geometry, in particular, for the development of p-adic cohomology theories) | Bhatt, B. | mathematician | 1983 | India | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2021 ( For calculating the quantum informativity of a black hole and its radiation) | Almheiri, A. | physicist | 1986 | UAE | |
New Horizons Mathematics Award 2021 ( For many breakthrough papers in complex differential geometry, including existence theorems for Kähler-Einstein metrics and connection with questions about modules and singularities) | Song Sun | mathematician | 1987 | China | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 (Discovery of new receptors that trigger biochemical reactions leading to sensations of heat, cold or touch) | Patapoutian, A. | medic | 1967 | Lebanon | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for methodological contribution to the analysis of causal relationships) | Dijkstra, Edsger | economist | 1963 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for methodological contribution to the analysis of causal relationships) | Imbens, G. | economist | 1963 | Netherlands | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for methodological contribution to the analysis of causal relationships) | Angrist, D. | economist | 1960 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021 (For new methods of synthesis of molecules) | List, B. | physiologist . | 1968 | Germany |
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Nobel Prize in Economics 2021 (for empirical contribution to the study of labor economics) | Card, D. | economist | 1974 | Canada | |
2021 Mathematics Breakthrough Award (For transformative contribution to the theory of stochastic analysis, in particular, for the theory of regularity structures in stochastic partial differential equations) | Hairer, M. | mathematician (Fields) | 1975 | Switzerland | |
New Horizons Award Physicists” 2021 (For advances in the detection of dark matter with energies below GeV, especially in relation to the SENSEI experiment) | physicist | 1979 | |||
Abel Prize in Mathematics 2021 for fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics and a leading role in their development as central areas of modern mathematics | Wigderson, A. | mathematician | 1956 | Ukraine | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 1999 for outstanding contributions to combinatorics, theoretical computer science and combinatorial optimization. Abel Prize in Mathematics 2021 for fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics and the leading role in their emergence as the central focus of modern mathematics , L.) | Lovász, L. | economist | 1948 | Hungary | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2021 (for exact fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, explore the nature of dark energy, and set limits on interactions with dark matter) | Gundlach, Jens | medic | 1961 | Germany | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 (For physical modeling of the Earth's climate, quantitative analysis of variations, and reliable prediction of global warming) | Hasselmann, K. | physicist | 1968 | Germany | |
New Horizons Physics Prize 2021 ( For success in discovering sub-GeV dark matter, especially with regard to the SENSEI experiment) | Tien-Tien Yu | physicist | 1975 | Switzerland | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 (For physical modeling of the Earth's climate, quantitative analysis of variations and reliable prediction of global warming) | Parisi, G. | physicist | 1948 | Italy | |
Breakthrough Award in 2021 (for deconstructing complex parental behavior at the level of cell types and their connections, and demonstrating that the neural circuits that control both male and female types of parental behavior are present in both sexes) | Dulac, C. | physiologist | 1963 | France | |
Abel Prize in Mathematics 2021 for fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics and a leading role in their development as central areas of modern mathematics | Wigderzon, A. | mathematician | 1956 | Ukraine | |
Turing Award 2021 ( for pioneering concepts and methods that have changed the world of computing) | Dongarra, J. | Mathematician (Fields) | 1977 | Iran | |
Fields of Medicine 2021 (for developing technology that has made it possible to create proteins never before found in nature, including new proteins that have the potential for therapeutic intervention in human diseases) | Baker, D. ( Baker, D. ) | Mathematician (Fields) | 1977 | Iran | |
Breakthrough Award in Fields of Medicine 2020 (for discovering the molecules, cells, and mechanisms underlying pain). Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 (Discovery of new receptors that trigger biochemical reactions resulting in sensations of heat, cold or touch) | Julius, D. ( Julius , D. ) | medic | 1955 | USA | |
Medical Sciences 2021 (for elucidating a quality control pathway that clears damaged mitochondria and thereby protects against Parkinson's disease) Youle, R. )
| medic (Milner) | 1955 | USA | ||
New Horizons Award Physics” 2021 (for the calculation of the quantum informativity of a black hole and its radiation) | Adelberger, E. | physicist (Milner) | 1986 | USA | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2021 (for precise fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, investigate the nature of dark energy, and set limits on interactions with dark matter) | Heckel , B. | physicist (Milner) | 1953 | USA | |
Fundamental Physics Prize 2021 (for precise fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, explore the nature of dark energy, and set limits on interactions with dark matter) | Gundlach, J. | physicist (Milner) | 1961 | Germany | |
New Horizons Award physics” 2021 (For the calculation of the quantum informativity of a black hole and its radiation) | Maxfield, H. | physicist (Milner) | 1980 | UK | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2021 (For physical modeling of the Earth's climate, quantitative analysis of variations, and reliable prediction of global warming) | Manabe, S. | physicist | 1931 | Japan | |
New Horizons Award physics” 2021 (For the calculation of the quantum informativity of a black hole and its radiation) | Penington, J. physicist (Milner) 1990 UK | ||||
New Horizons Award physics” 2021 (for his great contribution to the astrophysics of elementary particles, from dark matter models to the discovery of “Fermi bubbles” | Slatyer, T. | physicist (Milner) | 1987 | Solomon Islands | |
New Horizons Award Physicists" 2021 (For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter, especially in relation to the SENSEI experiment) | Essig, R. | physicist (Milner) | 1979 | South Africa | |
New Horizons Award Physicists" 2021 (For advances in the detection of sub-GeV dark matter, especially in relation to the SENSEI experiment) | MacMillan, D. | chemist | 1968 | UK | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2022 (For proving that the lattice provides the densest packing of identical spheres in 8 dimensions, and for further contributions to related extremal and interpolation problems in Fourier analysis) | Viazovska, M. | mathematician (Milner) | 1984 | Ukraine | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2022 (For bringing the ideas of Hodge theory to combinatorics, the proof of the Dowling–Wilson conjecture for geometric lattices, the proof of the Heron–Rota–Welsh conjecture for matroids, the development of the theory of Lorentzian polynomials, and the proof of the strong Mason conjecture) | June Huh | mathematician | 1983 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2022 (For the solution of long-standing problems in the probabilistic theory of rotations in statistical physics, especially in three and fourth dimensions.) | Duminil-Copin, H. | mathematics | 1985 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine 2022 (For discoveries concerning extinct hominin genomes and human evolution) | Pääbo, S. | medic | 1955 | FRG | |
Abel Prize in Mathematics 2022 | Sullivan, D | mathematician | 1941 | France | |
(For the development of methods click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry) | Sharpless, K. | chemist | 1941 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 (for experiments with entangled photons, finding a violation in Bell's inequality) | Alain A. | chemist | 1947 | France | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 (for experiments with entangled photons, finding a violation of Bell's inequality) | Clauser, J. | physicist | 1942 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 (For the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry) | Bertozzi, C. | chemist | 1966 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 (for experiments with entangled photons, finding a violation in Bell's inequality) | Zeilinger, A. | physicist | 1945 | Austria | |
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2022 (For the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry) | Meldal, M. | chemist | 1954 | Denmark | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2022 (for research on banks and financial crises) | Bernanke, B. | economist | 1953 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2022 (for research on banks and financial crises) | Douglas, D. | economist | 1953 | USA | |
Nobel Prize in Economics 2022 (for research on banks and financial crises) | Dybvig, Ph. | economist | 1955 | USA | |
Fields Prize in Mathematics 2022 (For contributions to analytic number theory that have led to significant progress in understanding the structure of prime numbers and Diophantine approximation. | Maynard, J. | Mathematician (Fields) | 1987 | USA | |
Wolf Prize in Mathematics 2022 | Lusztig, G. | mathematician (Fields) | 1946 | Romania |